CN103340085B - Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with geographical characteristics of fen-flavor tobacco producing area - Google Patents
Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with geographical characteristics of fen-flavor tobacco producing area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with the geographical characteristics of a fen-flavor tobacco producing area and belongs to the technical field of tobacco plant cultivation. The flue-cured tobacco cultivation method comprises the following steps of float breeding, soil preparation and ridging, transplanting under film, management in film covering period and field management. The seeding time is from mid December to mid March, the float disc floating seeding method is adopted, seeding hardening lasts for 8-14 days before transplanting; straws return the field, ridging is conducted after the soil is pulverized and moisture is stored, the soil is prepared and the filed is irrigated, and cake fertilizer and farmyard manure which are thoroughly decomposed are mixed to be used as base fertilizer and then applied to the field; the transplanting period is from mid March to mid April, each tobacco plant is irrigated with 1-2kg root water after punch transplanting, and mulching film is covered; nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are evenly mixed and then applied to the field 7-9 days and 15-25 days after transplanting, and seeding leading is conducted when the top of each tobacco seedling ejects the film 15-25 days after the transplanting; the mulching film is removed when the tobacco plants enter the mid of vigorous growth period 30-40 days after transplanting, earthing-up, weeding and watering are conducted in time, topping, and leaf reserving and bifurcation removing are conducted. Through the flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with the geographical characteristics of the fen-flavor tobacco producing area, the geological soil characteristics of the fen-flavor tobacco-growing area are fully and reasonably utilized, the yield and the quality of tobacco leaves are improved, and the aroma style of the fen-flavor tobacco leaves is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cigarette strain Cultivating techniques field, be specifically related to a kind of adaptation delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf producing region geological characteristics, the local soil resource of Appropriate application, promotes the flue-cured tobacco cultivation method of quality of tobacco.
Background technology
Soil is the material base of tobacco growing, ecological condition and the quality of tobacco of soil are closely related, within the specific limits, the ecological condition of soil is to the field appearance growing way of cigarette strain, and the impact of the yield and output value of tobacco leaf, chemical composition, flavor matter content and tobacco leaf judging parameter is greater than the impact that kind causes on the contrary.The soil forming rock type in south China delicate fragrance type cigarette district mainly comprises chip class sedimentary rock, acid magmatic rock, region class metamorphic rock and paludal sediment, wherein the ratio of chip class sedimentary rock accounts for 79%, and growing by it soil formed is affect cigarette strain growth and quality the most direct main factor.The soil body thickness in delicate fragrance type cigarette district mainly concentrates between 90 ~ 140cm, and topsoil quality is mainly based on sandy loam, and permeability is good, drip washing intensity is large, and base cation is easy to run off, and the content of organic matter is general, and weak for nitrogen ability, full potassium storage level is not enough, pH value acidity on the weak side.Subsoil structure body surface also finds a large amount of ferrimanganic speckle and tuberculosis, iron-manganese concretion exist soil often physicochemical property and fertility undesirable.In addition, there are some researches show, although the soil environment quality in delicate fragrance type cigarette district of China is totally fair, still have Partial Block to there is heavy metal pollution, especially slightly serious with cadmium pollution.
Except the geology in cigarette district self forms feature, in recent years, along with constantly continuing of Continuous Tobacco Cropping trend, some Tending measures also produce certain impact to the soil quality of vega.As fertilizer excessive and improper use the deterioration of the soil acidification that causes and soil physical chemistry performance, impel release and the increase of the hazardous contaminant in soil, microbial activity is suppressed, also greatly have impact on the yield and quality of tobacco leaf.Therefore, the Geologic Environmental Features in further investigation producing region, examine or check the impact that its tobacco-growing soil ecological factor grows on cigarette strain, research and development one fully can adapt to delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf producing region geological characteristics, the local soil resource of Appropriate application, promote the flue-cured tobacco cultivation method of quality of tobacco, for the Yield and quality improving China's tobacco leaf, enhance one's market competitiveness and there is very great meaning.
Summary of the invention
In order to make up the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of adaptation delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf producing region geological characteristics, the local soil resource of Appropriate application, promotes the flue-cured tobacco cultivation method of quality of tobacco.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Adapt to a flue-cured tobacco cultivation method for delicate fragrance type producing region geological characteristics, comprise transplanting under floating seedlings, whole ground ridging, film, overlay film period management, field management operation, specifically comprise:
A, floating seedlings: cigarette seedling be sowing time mid-December to mid-March, cigarette seed is sown into after matrix plants hole, nursery floating plate is placed in face, nutritional bed pond, leaf-cutting when cigarette height of seedling 6 ~ 7cm, cuts off the water supply before transplanting, controls fertilizer, hardening 8 ~ 14 days, allow cigarette seedling suction liquid manure again, prepare to transplant;
B, whole ground ridging: timely shallow winter breaking after previous crop results, stalk goes back to field, before transplanting, hack stores entropy, deep ploughs wholely, discharges water and fills with field, by line-spacing 100 ~ 120cm ridging, high 20 ~ the 30cm in ridge, ridge bottom width 75 ~ 95cm, execute pure nitrogen level 2.0 ~ 3.2kg by every mu and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 calculates and uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, will become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer and barnyard manure mix and to apply as base fertilizer pair bar when ridging afterwards;
Transplant under C, film: the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase is that mid-March is to mid-April, cave is beaten by the spacing in the rows of 45 ~ 55cm before transplanting, wide 10 ~ the 15cm in cave, dark 15 ~ 20cm, the soil dug out in cave is placed in top, ridge, supports mulch film, then cigarette transplantation of seedlings will be strengthened, every strain cigarette seedling waters 1 ~ 2kg normal root water, covering film, and after planting, cigarette seedling top is apart from mulch film 10 ~ 15cm;
D, overlay film period management: transplant latter 7 ~ 9 days, execute pure nitrogen level 1.4 ~ 1.8kg by every mu and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads fertilizer over the fields after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer being mixed; Transplant latter 15 ~ 25 days, during cigarette seedling top teleblem, draw seedling in time, earthing topdresses, execute pure nitrogen level 1.6 ~ 2.0kg by every mu before envelope hole and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads manuer in holes into cigarette strain side after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer being mixed, transplant latter 30 ~ 40 days, when cigarette strain enters prosperous long mid-term, take off mulch film;
E, field management: carry out immediately after taking off mulch film earthing up, weeding, to water, pinch Liu Ye and smear wooden fork, and accomplish without weeds, without ponding, without fireworks, smokeless wooden fork, without diseased plant, without weak strain, without being short of seedling, without fertilizer deficiency, nothing takes off fertilizer, nothing hardens, cigarette strain regularity is good.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the humification degree due to delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf producing region soil is slightly low, and soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is relatively less, and cultivation of the present invention have adjusted the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer, is conducive to improving soil fertility, for cigarette strain growth provides sufficient nutrient.
2, for the phenomenon that the organic acid contents such as delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf producing region soil humic acid, humic acid, fulvic acid are on the low side, cultivation of the present invention adopts chemical fertilizer to mix execute with the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, barnyard manure, promote the accumulation of soil Readily oxidized organic matter and active organic matter, improve the oxidation stability coefficient of the soil organic matter, also help and regulate vega soil carbon/nitrogen ratio, promote that cigarette strain is to the absorption of phosphorus, potassium.
3, cultivation of the present invention is by joining manuring, especially pig is fertile, add the adsorption capacity of soil colloid heavy metal, for soil provides complexing, chelating agent, these organic matters are also a kind of good reductants simultaneously, are conducive to promoting the heavy metal ion in soil, especially cadmium, form sulphide, effectively reduce its enrichment in cigarette strain.
4, cultivation of the present invention is executed on the basis of bio-fertilizer mixed, go back to field in conjunction with agricultural crop straw, effectively improve structure and the tilth of smoke hallway, accelerate effective conversion of nutrient in soil, improve the water retention capacity of soil simultaneously, meet the cigarette strain different bearing stage to the demand of moisture.
5, for the partially weakly acidic feature of smoke hallway pH value, cultivation of the present invention goes back to field after preferably agricultural crop straw being carried out imperfect combustion, not only can sweetening of the soil acid, certain control effect is had to tobacco bacterial wilt, soil physical properties can also be improved, make sand increase cohesiveness, improve fertilizer-preserving ability.
6, the mixing of agricultural crop straw, the bio-fertilizer such as cake fertilizer and barnyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed is joined and is executed, by can also increase the absorption of Manganese In Soils oxide heavy metal ion to the improvement of soil pH value, thus reduce further the activity of heavy metal in soil ion, be conducive to the quality and the safety that improve tobacco.
7, cultivation of the present invention strictly controls the amount of application of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, prevents the excessive buildup of acid ion, causes Ca in soil
2+, Mg
2+loss, cause soil acidification and hardening, avoid the heavy metal ion in soil to be activated simultaneously, reduce the content of exchange state heavy metal ion in soil as far as possible.
8, for the feature that smoke hallway vendor selection is weak, in order to improve the content of potassium in tobacco leaf, improve flammability and the fragrance of delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf, cultivation of the present invention is in the apolegamy of potash fertilizer, pay the utmost attention to the combination of potassium and organic anion, optimization citric acid potassium, obviously can increase the potassium content in tobacco leaf, all has facilitation to the nitrogen in process of growth/carbon metablism, resistance etc.
9, in the selection of fertilization mode, cultivation of the present invention, according to the feature of cigarette strain root system development, is selected to apply bio-fertilizer in the early stage of grown in field, is conducive to the root system development promoting cigarette strain early stage, and select to fertilize in the later stage of grown in field, be conducive to the improving activity of root system improving later stage cigarette strain.
10, cigarette district topsoil soils is sandy loam, is conducive to the rapid growth of tobacco leaf cells, and especially Development of Chloroplasts is rapid, and cell function plays comparatively early.Cultivation of the present invention have adjusted prosperous Effects of Fertilization Frequency and the consumption growing early stage of cigarette strain, fully to meet the needs of cigarette strain growth and the activity of intracellular physiological biochemical metabolism, is conducive to the accumulation of tobacco leaf cells inclusion and the mass degradation in maturing stage.
11, due to the water retention of mulch film, improve the relative water-holding capacity of smoke hallway, especially in season early summer in early spring that precipitation is less, the Water-saving effect of mulch film is especially remarkable, is conducive to improving cigarette strain individual growth environment, improves cigarette transplantation of seedlings survival rate, growth promoting effects.
12, cultivation of the present invention is for the feature of Main Tobacco-growing Regions In South transplanting time soil drought lack of water, discharges water and fills with field, water sufficient normal root water during transplanting before transplanting, surviving and growing and play crucial facilitation cigarette strain, the effective guarantee Yield and qualities of tobacco leaf.
In sum, cultivation of the present invention has taken into full account the Geologic Environmental Features in south China delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf producing region, physicochemical property for its soil uniqueness has carried out fostering adjustment accordingly, fully to effectively utilize local soil resource, while the strain of promotion cigarette is grown, improve mode of appearance and the interior quality of tobacco leaf, the aromatic style of strengthening delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf, remarkable in economical benefits, has good popularizing application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the whole strain biomass of cigarette strain under different transplanting method process;
Fig. 2 is the upperground part biomass of cigarette strain under different transplanting method process;
Fig. 3 is the root biomass of cigarette strain under different transplanting method process;
Fig. 4 is the root system accumulation rate of cigarette strain under different transplanting method process;
Fig. 5 is the overground part accumulation rate of cigarette strain under different transplanting method process;
Fig. 6 is the whole strain accumulation rate of cigarette strain under different transplanting method process;
Fig. 7 be under different transplanting method process cigarette strain gather at the end of the mean univalent functions weight of Different sites of leaf;
Fig. 8 is Flue-cured chlorophyll content under different transplanting method process;
Fig. 9 is Flue-cured soluble protein content under different transplanting method process;
Figure 10 is Flue-cured pH value under different transplanting method process.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below, but limited the present invention never in any form, and based on any conversion that training centre of the present invention is done, the present invention all falls into protection scope of the present invention.
Adapt to a flue-cured tobacco cultivation method for delicate fragrance type producing region geological characteristics, comprise transplanting under floating seedlings, whole ground ridging, film, overlay film period management, field management operation, specifically comprise:
A, floating seedlings: cigarette seedling be sowing time mid-December to mid-March, cigarette seed is sown into after matrix plants hole, nursery floating plate is placed in face, nutritional bed pond, leaf-cutting when cigarette height of seedling 6 ~ 7cm, cuts off the water supply before transplanting, controls fertilizer, hardening 8 ~ 14 days, allow cigarette seedling suction liquid manure again, prepare to transplant;
B, whole ground ridging: timely shallow winter breaking after previous crop results, stalk goes back to field, before transplanting, hack stores entropy, deep ploughs wholely, discharges water and fills with field, by line-spacing 100 ~ 120cm ridging, high 20 ~ the 30cm in ridge, ridge bottom width 75 ~ 95cm, execute pure nitrogen level 2.0 ~ 3.2kg by every mu and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 calculates and uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, will become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer and barnyard manure mix and to apply as base fertilizer pair bar when ridging afterwards;
Transplant under C, film: the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase is that mid-March is to mid-April, cave is beaten by the spacing in the rows of 45 ~ 55cm before transplanting, wide 10 ~ the 15cm in cave, dark 15 ~ 20cm, the soil dug out in cave is placed in top, ridge, supports mulch film, then cigarette transplantation of seedlings will be strengthened, every strain cigarette seedling waters 1 ~ 2kg normal root water, covering film, and after planting, cigarette seedling top is apart from mulch film 10 ~ 15cm;
D, overlay film period management: transplant latter 7 ~ 9 days, execute pure nitrogen level 1.4 ~ 1.8kg by every mu and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads fertilizer over the fields after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer being mixed; Transplant latter 15 ~ 25 days, during cigarette seedling top teleblem, draw seedling in time, earthing topdresses, execute pure nitrogen level 1.6 ~ 2.0kg by every mu before envelope hole and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads manuer in holes into cigarette strain side after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer being mixed, transplant latter 30 ~ 40 days, when cigarette strain enters prosperous long mid-term, take off mulch film;
E, field management: carry out immediately after taking off mulch film earthing up, weeding, to water, pinch Liu Ye and smear wooden fork, and accomplish without weeds, without ponding, without fireworks, smokeless wooden fork, without diseased plant, without weak strain, without being short of seedling, without fertilizer deficiency, nothing takes off fertilizer, nothing hardens, cigarette strain regularity is good.
Leaf-cutting during described cigarette height of seedling 6 ~ 7cm, 2 ~ 3 times, front and back, cut off the water supply before transplanting, control fertilizer, hardening 10 ~ 12 days, then allow cigarette seedling suction liquid manure, after 2 ~ 3 days, prepare to transplant.
Described stalk goes back to field, is remaining crops stalk crushing after harvesting is become the segment of 4 ~ 6cm, spreads fertilizer over the fields go back to field.
Described stalk goes back to field, is remaining crops stalk crushing after harvesting is become the segment of 4 ~ 6cm, after carrying out imperfect combustion, spreads fertilizer over the fields go back to field.
Described hack stores entropy, and whole ground of deep ploughing preferably carries out for 25 ~ 35 days before transplanting.
Described hack stores moisture in the soil, behind whole ground of deep ploughing, preferably within 10 ~ 20 days before transplanting, discharges water and fills with field.
Described cake fertilizer, preferred rapeseed cake fertilizer, sesame cake fertilizer or peanut cake fertilizer, described barnyard manure, preferred pig is fertile.
Described phosphate fertilizer, preferred fused calcium magnesium phosphate excessively, described potash fertilizer, optimization citric acid potassium.
Described pair of bar applies, and referring to transplanting the capable 8 ~ 12cm place, both sides of cigarette, opening the ditch that 10 ~ 15cm is dark, will apply after fertilising mixes.
Described strong cigarette seedling refers to the seedling age cigarette seedling of 40 ~ 60 days.
The strong cigarette seedling of described 40 ~ 60 days has 6 true leaves.
Described beat cave after, weed killer herbicide can be applied by the consumption of 130 ~ 260ml/ mu.
Described weed killer herbicide is napropamide.
After described transplanting, insecticide can be applied by the consumption of 275 ~ 330L/ mu.
Described insecticide is 10% Permanone, 2500 times of liquid medicines.
The Transplanting Density of described cigarette seedling is 1000 ~ 1200 plants/acre.
The Transplanting Density of described cigarette seedling preferably 1100 plants/acre.
After described cigarette transplantation of seedlings, every strain cigarette seedling preferably waters 1.5kg normal root water.
Described mulch film is polyethylene film, polychloroethylene film or ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer membrane.
Described mulch film is colourless mulch film, coloured mulch film or without any one in colour band mulch film alternate with color band.
The color of described mulch film or the color of color band are red, blue or purple.
Wide 90 ~ the 110cm of described mulch film, thick 0.003 ~ 0.005mm.
Described covering film, the mode of transplanting limit, preferred limit overlay film, mulch film requires tensioning, periphery compacting.
Within after described covering film 8 ~ 12 days, rise, can beat the ventilation hole of at least one diameter 0.5 ~ 0.8cm at seedling cave sidepiece, the growing state after this according to cigarette seedling takes the circumstances into consideration the quantity increasing ventilation hole.
Described earthing topdresses, and preferably will apply cigarette strain side after fertilising mixes, from cigarette strain 6 ~ 8cm, and then earthing envelope hole.
Describedly draw seedling, when preferred the morning 8 ~ 10 or afternoon 5 ~ 7 time be advisable, described in take off film, be advisable by sunny period day after day for preferred weather.
Described total fertilization amount is executed pure nitrogen level by every mu and is counted 5 ~ 7kg/ mu.
Described total fertilization amount is executed purity nitrogen by every mu and is preferably 6kg/ mu.
Embodiment 1
---experiment place is tobacco agriculture Science Institute official small stream base, Fujian Province
Experiment kind is dark green No. one.
A, floating seedlings: cigarette seedling sowing time is mid-November, cigarette seed is sown into after matrix plants hole, nursery floating plate is placed in face, nutritional bed pond, leaf-cutting when cigarette height of seedling 6cm, 2 times, front and back.Cut off the water supply before transplanting, control fertilizer, hardening 8 days, then allow cigarette seedling suction liquid manure, prepare after 2 days to transplant.
B, whole ground ridging: timely shallow winter breaking after previous crop results, is broken into the segment of about 4cm, spreads fertilizer over the fields go back to field after imperfect combustion, transplant first 25 days hacks and store entropy, deep plough wholely by corn stalk powder, transplanting discharges water for first 10 days fills with field.By line-spacing 100cm ridging, ridge height 20cm, ridge bottom width 75cm, execute pure nitrogen level 2.0kg by every mu and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1:1.5:2.5 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, rapeseed cake fertilizer and pig fertilizer are mixed and transplanting the capable 8cm place, both sides of cigarette as base fertilizer afterwards, the ditch opening 10cm dark applies.
Transplant under C, film: the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase is January in next year, beat cave, the wide 10cm in cave, dark 15cm before transplanting by the spacing in the rows of 45cm, the soil dug out in cave is placed in top, ridge, supports mulch film, after beating cave, applies napropamide by 130 ~ 260ml/ mu consumption.Then by the seedling age strong cigarette transplantation of seedlings of 40 days, every strain cigarette seedling waters 1kg normal root water, then amount applies carbofuran routinely.Then, be then covered with wide 90cm, the red film of polyethylene of thick 0.003mm, after planting, cigarette seedling top is apart from mulch film 10cm.Transplanting limit, limit overlay film, mulch film requires tensioning, periphery compacting.
D, overlay film period management: transplant latter 7th day, execute pure nitrogen level 1.4kg by every mu and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1:1.5:2.5 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads fertilizer over the fields after sodium nitrate, superphosphate, potassium citrate being mixed.Within after covering film the 8th day, rise, can beat the ventilation hole of at least one diameter 0.5cm at seedling cave sidepiece, the growing state after this according to cigarette seedling takes the circumstances into consideration the quantity increasing ventilation hole.Transplant latter 15th day, during cigarette seedling top teleblem, fine period select one day in the morning 9 time about draw film and draw seedling, earthing topdresses, execute pure nitrogen level 1.6kg by every mu before envelope hole and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1:1.5:2.5 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads manuer in holes into cigarette strain side after sodium nitrate, superphosphate, potassium citrate being mixed, from cigarette strain 6cm, then earthing envelope hole.Transplant latter 30th day, when cigarette strain enters prosperous long mid-term, select within one day, take off mulch film in fine period.
E, field management: carry out immediately after taking off mulch film earthing up, weeding, to water, pinch Liu Ye and smear wooden fork, and accomplish without weeds, without ponding, without fireworks, smokeless wooden fork, without diseased plant, without weak strain, without being short of seedling, without fertilizer deficiency, nothing takes off fertilizer, nothing hardens, cigarette strain regularity is good.
Embodiment 2
---experiment place is that Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Science grinds and base
Experiment kind is cloud and mist 87.
A, floating seedlings: cigarette seedling sowing time is mid-February, cigarette seed is sown into after matrix plants hole, nursery floating plate is placed in face, nutritional bed pond, leaf-cutting when cigarette height of seedling 7cm, 3 times, front and back.Cut off the water supply before transplanting, control fertilizer, hardening 14 days, then allow cigarette seedling suction liquid manure, prepare after 3 days to transplant.
B, whole ground ridging: timely shallow winter breaking after previous crop results, is ground into the segment of about 6cm, spreads fertilizer over the fields go back to field after imperfect combustion, transplant first 35 days hacks and store entropy, deep plough wholely by straw, transplanting discharges water for first 20 days fills with field.By line-spacing 120cm ridging, ridge height 30cm, ridge bottom width 95cm, execute pure nitrogen level 3.2kg by every mu and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1.5:2.5:3.5 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, mixed by peanut cake fertilizer and the chicken fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed and transplanting the capable 12cm place, both sides of cigarette as base fertilizer afterwards, the ditch opening 15cm dark applies.
Transplant under C, film: the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase is mid-April, beat cave, the wide 15cm in cave, dark 20cm before transplanting by the spacing in the rows of 55cm, the soil dug out in cave is placed in top, ridge, supports mulch film, after beating cave, applies napropamide by 130 ~ 260ml/ mu consumption.Then by the seedling age strong cigarette transplantation of seedlings of 60 days, every strain cigarette seedling waters 2kg normal root water, then amount applies carbofuran routinely.Then, be then covered with wide 110cm, the blue film of polyvinyl chloride of thick 0.005mm, after planting, cigarette seedling top is apart from mulch film 15cm.Transplanting limit, limit overlay film, mulch film requires tensioning, periphery compacting.
D, overlay film period management: transplant latter 9th day, execute pure nitrogen level 1.8kg by every mu and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1.5:2.5:3.5 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, waters and execute after nitrate of lime, superphosphate, potassium oxalate being mixed.Within after covering film the 12nd day, rise, can make a call to the ventilation hole of two diameter 0.8cm at seedling cave sidepiece, the growing state after this according to cigarette seedling takes the circumstances into consideration the quantity increasing ventilation hole.Transplant latter 25th day, during cigarette seedling top teleblem, fine period select one day in the morning 10 time about draw film and draw seedling, earthing topdresses, execute pure nitrogen level 2.0kg by every mu before envelope hole and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1.5:2.5:3.5 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads manuer in holes into cigarette strain side after nitrate of lime, superphosphate, potassium oxalate being mixed, from cigarette strain 8cm, then earthing envelope hole.Transplant latter 40th day, when cigarette strain enters prosperous long mid-term, select within one day, take off mulch film in fine period.
E, field management: carry out immediately after taking off mulch film earthing up, weeding, to water, pinch Liu Ye and smear wooden fork, and accomplish without weeds, without ponding, without fireworks, smokeless wooden fork, without diseased plant, without weak strain, without being short of seedling, without fertilizer deficiency, nothing takes off fertilizer, nothing hardens, cigarette strain regularity is good.
Embodiment 3
---Meng Xian township of Ning Er county, Puer City
Experiment kind is cloud and mist 87.
A, floating seedlings: cigarette seedling sowing time is late Febuary, cigarette seed is sown into after matrix plants hole, nursery floating plate is placed in face, nutritional bed pond, leaf-cutting when cigarette height of seedling 6.5cm, 2 times, front and back.Cut off the water supply before transplanting, control fertilizer, hardening 10 days, then allow cigarette seedling suction liquid manure, prepare after 3 days to transplant.
B, whole ground ridging: timely shallow winter breaking after previous crop results, is ground into the segment of about 5cm, spreads fertilizer over the fields go back to field after imperfect combustion, transplant first 30 days hacks and store entropy, deep plough wholely by rice straw, transplanting discharges water for first 15 days fills with field.By line-spacing 110cm ridging, ridge height 25cm, ridge bottom width 85cm, execute pure nitrogen level 2.8kg by every mu and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1.2:2:3 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, mixed by sesame cake fertilizer and the pig fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed and transplanting the capable 10cm place, both sides of cigarette as base fertilizer afterwards, the ditch opening 12cm dark applies.
Transplant under C, film: the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase is late April, beat cave, the wide 12cm in cave, dark 18cm before transplanting by the spacing in the rows of 50cm, the soil dug out in cave is placed in top, ridge, supports mulch film, after beating cave, applies napropamide by 130 ~ 260ml/ mu consumption.Then by the seedling age strong cigarette transplantation of seedlings of 50 days, every strain cigarette seedling waters 1.5kg normal root water, then amount applies carbofuran routinely.Then, be then covered with wide 100cm, the ethene-vinyl acetate copolymerization purple membrane of thick 0.004mm, after planting, cigarette seedling top is apart from mulch film 12cm.Transplanting limit, limit overlay film, mulch film requires tensioning, periphery compacting.
D, overlay film period management: transplant latter 8th day, execute pure nitrogen level 1.6kg by every mu and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1.2:2:3 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, waters and execute after nitrate of lime, double superphosphate, potassium citrate being mixed.Within after covering film the 10th day, rise, can make a call to the ventilation hole of three diameter 0.6cm at seedling cave sidepiece, the growing state after this according to cigarette seedling takes the circumstances into consideration the quantity increasing ventilation hole.Transplant latter 20th day, during cigarette seedling top teleblem, fine period select one day in afternoon 6 time about draw film and draw seedling, earthing topdresses, execute pure nitrogen level 1.8kg by every mu before envelope hole and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1.2:2:3 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads manuer in holes into cigarette strain side after nitrate of lime, double superphosphate, potassium citrate being mixed, from cigarette strain 7cm, then earthing envelope hole.Transplant latter 35th day, when cigarette strain enters prosperous long mid-term, select within one day, take off mulch film in fine period.
E, field management: carry out immediately after taking off mulch film earthing up, weeding, to water, pinch Liu Ye and smear wooden fork, and accomplish without weeds, without ponding, without fireworks, smokeless wooden fork, without diseased plant, without weak strain, without being short of seedling, without fertilizer deficiency, nothing takes off fertilizer, nothing hardens, cigarette strain regularity is good.
Embodiment 4
---different cultivation method grows on cigarette strain and the impact of quality of tobacco
Experimental technique: experiment kind adopts local main breed " dark green No. 1 ", carries out year July in October, 2010 ~ 2011 in tobacco agriculture Science Institute official small stream base, Fujian Province.Experiment field soil pH 5.52, organic 16.6 mg/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 77.56 mg/kg, available phosphorus contents 22.83 mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content 64.65 mg/kg.2 process are established in experiment altogether, repeat 4 times.
T
1---the transplanting method of embodiment 1.
T
2---method of contrast.After whole furrow, first lid mulch film.Cave is beaten with transplantation device by 50 cm spacing in the rows, wide 10 cm in cave, dark 15 cm during transplanting.After transplanting cigarette seedling enters cave, the cigarette seedling degree of depth is identical with embodiment 1.
October 19 was sowed, and January 15 next year transplants.Often process plantation 40 strain, repeat 3 times, except experiment process difference, all the other field management are with reference to High Quality Tobacco production decision in current year's production.
Observation project: before transplanting, plum blossom point gets plow layer (about 0 ~ 30 cm) soil sample, air-dry rear mensuration nutrient content.Whole strain sampling is carried out respectively when transplanting latter 45 days, 68 days (cigarette strain opening quotation), 91 days (cigarette strain group), 121 days (cigarette strain is buddingged), 174 days (adopting eventually); Before group, cigarette strain is divided into root, stem, leaf, measures after fresh weight respectively, dry, then measure dry weight; Sample when buddingging, take root, stem, top and every a slice leaf fresh weight, after drying, claim its dry weight; Take sample first to determine strain eventually and determine leaf position, after determining cigarette strain, cigarette strain blade is divided into upper leaf (top and upper two canopy tobacco leaves), middle leaf (waist leaf), inferior leads (lower two canopy leaves and pin leaf), each cigarette strain tobacco leaf is with ripe with adopting, and gather when top is ripe cigarette strain root system and cane, after taking fresh weight when gathering simultaneously, dried, claim its dry weight, finally cigarette strain is combined into upper leaf, middle leaf, inferior leads, tobacco rod and root, calculate the biological accumulation amount at these positions; Adopt before baking, each 6 tobacco leaves in each process cigarette strain upper, middle and lower, avoid master pulse and offshoot punching with the card punch of 0.45cm2, mixing.Measure chlorophyll, soluble protein, pH value, measure 3 times, average; Picking and roasting when each process flue-cured tobacco is ripe, and the mensuration gathering that first flue-cured tobacco sample carries out the related chemistry qualities such as starch, total reducing sugar, reducing sugar and nicotine.
Experimental result:
(1) different transplanting method is on the impact of cigarette strain different parts biomass accumulation
As seen from Figure 1, the cigarette strain root biomass of method for transplanting process of the present invention is accumulated in whole process of growth and is all greater than contrast experiment's method.Method for transplanting of the present invention was when transplanting 45 days, and root biomass is 1.2 times of contrast experiment's method; When transplanting 66 days, gap expands as 2.17 times further, cigarette strain group and be respectively 1.97 times and 1.2 times when buddingging; 1.15 times are still had at the end of cigarette strain is gathered.
As seen from Figure 2, in cigarette strain breeding time of method for transplanting process of the present invention, the upperground part biomass is accumulated in whole process of growth and is all greater than contrast experiment's method.Method for transplanting of the present invention was when transplanting 45 days, and the upperground part biomass is 1.5 times of contrast experiment's method; When transplanting 66 days, gap expands as 1.97 times further, cigarette strain group and be respectively 1.54 times and 1.17 times when buddingging; At the end of gathering to cigarette strain, the upperground part biomass of two kinds of methods is similar.
As seen from Figure 3, the cigarette strain whole strain biomass accumulation of method for transplanting process of the present invention in whole process of growth all higher than contrast experiment's method.Method for transplanting of the present invention was when transplanting 45 days, and whole strain biomass is 1.4 times of contrast experiment's method; When transplanting 66 days, gap expands as 2.0 times further, cigarette strain group and be respectively 1.6 times and 1.25 times when buddingging; 1.04 times are still had, still a little higher than contrast experiment's method at the end of cigarette strain is gathered.
(2) different transplanting method is on the impact of cigarette strain different parts accumulation rate
As seen from Figure 4, the cigarette strain root biomass accumulation rate of method for transplanting process of the present invention is all greater than contrast experiment's method within whole breeding time.Illustrate that method for transplanting of the present invention effectively can promote the Rapid Accumulation of cigarette strain root biomass.
As seen from Figure 5, before cigarette strain is buddingged, cigarette strain the upperground part biomass accumulation rate of method for transplanting process of the present invention is greater than contrast experiment's method, and after transplanting 120 days, its accumulation rate is less than contrast experiment's method gradually.This is because method for transplanting of the present invention takes full advantage of ground temperature in transplanting early stage, improve the temperature of cigarette strain individual growth environment, and then improve the growth rate in cigarette strain early stage; Cigarette strain Later growth, cigarette strain comes to the ripening period, and cigarette strain biomass accumulation speed slows down, and the Huang Cheng that in good time falls being conducive to tobacco leaf is ripe, is conducive to the formation of quality of tobacco, and contrast experiment's method also has more substance accumulation in the later stage, and the maturation of tobacco leaf is affected.
As can be seen from Figure 6, the whole strain cigarette strain biomass accumulation speed under different transplanting method process is similar to the upperground part biomass accumulation rate Changing Pattern.The Huang Cheng that in good time falls that method for transplanting of the present invention is conducive to tobacco leaf is ripe, makes adopting the roasting time, rising batch time and all can obtain Effective Regulation of tobacco leaf.
(3) different transplanting method is on the impact of cigarette strain different parts biomass
1. the impact of various position leaves biomass when different transplanting method is pinched on cigarette strain
As seen from Table 1, namely cigarette strain the 2nd leaf of method for transplanting process of the present invention reach 4 more than g, namely be effective leaf at last, and the cigarette strain of contrast experiment's method process just reaches 4 more than g at the 5th leaf, 4 is invalid leaf above, while illustrating that method for transplanting of the present invention facilitates cigarette strain early growth and quick tiller, also improve the identity of lower tobacco leaf, improve lower tobacco leaf quality and tobacco leaf usability; The increase of cigarette strain effective blade number is further promoted while promoting various position leaves biomass accumulation.From whole strain cigarette strain Leaf biomass, contrast experiment's method is 76.62 g/ strains, and method for transplanting of the present invention is 84 g/ strains, higher than the former 9.63%.
The different transplanting method of table 1 affects g/ sheet to cigarette strain various position leaves biomass when pinching
| Ye Wei | Contrast experiment's method | Method for transplanting of the present invention | Ye Wei | Contrast experiment's method | Method for transplanting of the present invention |
| 1 | 2.150 | 2.827 | 13 | 4.820 | 4.970 |
| 2 | 2.407 | 4.460 | 14 | 5.523 | 4.157 |
| 3 | 2.423 | 4.303 | 15 | 4.350 | 4.543 |
| 4 | 3.233 | 4.810 | 16 | 4.183 | 3.060 |
| 5 | 4.190 | 5.130 | 17 | 3.780 | 3.093 |
| 6 | 4.417 | 5.327 | 18 | 2.537 | 2.437 |
| 7 | 4.120 | 5.407 | 19 | 2.073 | 1.767 |
| 8 | 4.450 | 4.893 | 20 | 1.330 | 1.850 |
| 9 | 4.613 | 4.630 | 21 | 1.040 | 0.980 |
| 10 | 4.143 | 5.783 | 22 | 0.773 | － |
| 11 | 5.073 | 4.870 | Summation | 76.623 | 84.000 |
| 12 | 4.993 | 4.703 |
Note: the cigarette strain mean number of sheets of method for transplanting process of the present invention is 21.
2. different transplanting method cigarette strain is gathered at the end of the heavy impact of Different sites of leaf mean univalent functions
As seen from Figure 7, at the end of cigarette strain is gathered, the equal comparison of cigarette strain Different sites of leaf biomass of method for transplanting process of the present invention is higher than experimental method.Wherein, inferior leads improves 24.74%, and middle part improves 10.2%, and upper leaf improves 18.94%.Illustrate that method for transplanting of the present invention is to the weight per leaf successful improving different parts, particularly more obvious to the raising effect of inferior leads weight per leaf, be conducive to improving lower tobacco leaf identity, to raising Quality of Lower Stalk Position, there is obvious effect.
(4) different transplanting method is on the impact of flue-cured tobacco Different sites of leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD)
As seen from Figure 8, SPAD value when method for transplanting process flue-cured tobacco of the present invention each position blade is adopted roasting is all less than contrast experiment's method.Chlorophyll is relevant with tobacco leaf color and luster after modulation, is one of main component affecting quality of tobacco and availability, and along with blade is tending towards proper mature (ripe), chlorophyll is in constantly reducing trend, and SPAD value is less.This observed result shows, method for transplanting upper leaf blade SPAD value of the present invention reduces about 3 than comparative trial, and middle leaf blade SPAD value reduces about 6 than comparative trial, and inferior leads blade SPAD value reduces about 8 than comparative trial.
(5) different transplanting method is on the impact of Flue-cured content of soluble protein
Protein be in tobacco leaf with chemical composition that is jealous and excitant significant positive correlation, tobacco leaf in maturation, synthase activity gradually scatter and disappear and catabolic enzyme activity is higher, protein content will be caused to reduce.As seen from Figure 9, the content of soluble protein of method for transplanting process flue-cured tobacco of the present invention each position blade is all less than contrast experiment's method, and wherein, upper leaf content of soluble protein comparative trial reduces 18%, and middle leaf reduces 8%, and inferior leads reduces 19%.
(6) different transplanting method is on the impact of Flue-cured pH
Tobacco leaf is in maturation, and dry matter decomposes a large amount of acidic materials of generation gradually, and alkaline matter then accumulates comparatively slow, and pH value is reduced gradually.As seen from Figure 10, the pH value of method for transplanting process flue-cured tobacco of the present invention each position blade is all less than contrast experiment's method, and wherein, upper leaf and middle leaf pH value reduce about 0.1 than comparative trial, and inferior leads reduces about 0.2.
(7) different transplanting method is on the impact of Flue-cured conventional chemical quality
Table 2 different transplanting method Flue-cured routine chemical components content
| Position | Process | Starch (%) | Total reducing sugar (%) | Reducing sugar (%) | Nicotine (%) |
| Upper leaf | Process 1 | 6.6 | 29.7 | 27.1 | 3.2 |
| Process 2 | 7.2 | 31.1 | 26.7 | 3.4 | |
| Middle leaf | Process 1 | 6.8 | 35.3 | 32.6 | 2.9 |
| Process 2 | 8.1 | 33.8 | 30.1 | 2.6 | |
| Inferior leads | Process 1 | 5.4 | 37.5 | 34.5 | 1.2 |
| Process 2 | 5.8 | 35.8 | 31.9 | 1.0 |
Research shows, Flue-cured starch reduces along with the raising of maturity, and nicotine content is then tending towards proper mature (ripe) along with blade and increases.Upper leaf total reducing sugar and reducing sugar reduce along with the raising of maturity, and inferior leads total reducing sugar and reducing sugar are along with the trend of the raising then strong-minded increase of maturity.From table 2, method for transplanting process junior tobacco leaf content of starch of the present invention is compared with contrast experiment's method, and upper leaf, middle leaf and inferior leads have dropped 8%, 16% and 7% respectively; Method for transplanting process junior tobacco leaf total sugar content of the present invention is compared with contrast experiment's method, and upper leaf have dropped 4%, and middle leaf and inferior leads improve 4% and 5% respectively; Method for transplanting process junior tobacco leaf content of reducing sugar of the present invention is compared with contrast experiment's method, and upper leaf, middle leaf and inferior leads improve 1%, 8% and 8% respectively; Method for transplanting process junior tobacco leaf nicotine content of the present invention is compared with contrast experiment's method, and upper leaf reduces 6%, and middle leaf and inferior leads improve 1%, 12% and 20% respectively.
In sum, method for transplanting of the present invention can make full use of soil higher temperature in early stage, improve cigarette strain individual growth environment, be conducive to the elongation of cigarette strain root system and whole strain cigarette strain early growth, improve biomass accumulation, cigarette strain Later growth then speed slow down, be conducive to the tobacco leaf Huang Cheng that in good time falls ripe.When pinching, the cigarette strain blade mean univalent functions weight of method for transplanting process of the present invention and whole strain Leaf biomass are all apparently higher than contrast experiment's method.At the end of cigarette strain is gathered, the cigarette strain different parts tobacco leaf mean univalent functions weight average of method for transplanting process of the present invention is apparently higher than contrast experiment's method, particularly inferior leads and difference is particularly evident, can significantly improve inferior leads identity, effectively improves the quality of lower tobacco leaf.Method for transplanting Flue-cured chlorophyll of the present invention, soluble protein, pH value all decrease, and it can ensure the grown in field time of delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf preferably as seen, make its tobacco leaf chemical composition be tending towards coordinating, improve tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical quality.
Claims (7)
1. one kind adapts to the flue-cured tobacco cultivation method of delicate fragrance type producing region geological characteristics, the soil forming rock type in delicate fragrance type cigarette district, south comprises chip class sedimentary rock, acid magmatic rock, region class metamorphic rock and paludal sediment, soil body thickness is at 90 ~ 140cm, topsoil is based on sandy loam, acidity on the weak side, it is characterized in that flue-cured tobacco cultivation method comprises transplanting under floating seedlings, whole ground ridging, film, overlay film period management, field management operation, specifically comprise:
A, floating seedlings: cigarette seedling be sowing time mid-December to mid-March, cigarette seed is sown into after matrix plants hole, nursery floating plate is placed in face, nutritional bed pond, leaf-cutting when cigarette height of seedling 6 ~ 7cm, cuts off the water supply before transplanting, controls fertilizer, hardening 8 ~ 14 days, allow cigarette seedling suction liquid manure again, prepare to transplant;
B, whole ground ridging: timely shallow winter breaking after previous crop results, stalk goes back to field, before transplanting, hack stores entropy, deep ploughs wholely, discharges water and fills with field, by line-spacing 100 ~ 120cm ridging, high 20 ~ the 30cm in ridge, ridge bottom width 75 ~ 95cm, execute pure nitrogen level 2.0 ~ 3.2kg by every mu and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 calculates and uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, will become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer and barnyard manure mix and to apply as base fertilizer pair bar when ridging afterwards; It is that remaining crops stalk crushing after harvesting is become the segment of 4 ~ 6cm that described stalk goes back to field, spreads fertilizer over the fields go back to field, or remaining crops stalk crushing after harvesting is become the segment of 4 ~ 6cm, after carrying out imperfect combustion, spread fertilizer over the fields go back to field;
Transplant under C, film: the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase is that mid-March is to mid-April, cave is beaten by the spacing in the rows of 45 ~ 55cm before transplanting, wide 10 ~ the 15cm in cave, dark 15 ~ 20cm, the soil dug out in cave is placed in top, ridge, supports mulch film, then cigarette transplantation of seedlings will be strengthened, every strain cigarette seedling waters 1 ~ 2kg normal root water, covering film, and after planting, cigarette seedling top is apart from mulch film 10 ~ 15cm;
D, overlay film period management: transplant latter 7 ~ 9 days, execute pure nitrogen level 1.4 ~ 1.8kg by every mu and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads fertilizer over the fields after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer being mixed; Transplant latter 15 ~ 25 days, during cigarette seedling top teleblem, draw seedling in time, earthing topdresses, execute pure nitrogen level 1.6 ~ 2.0kg by every mu before envelope hole and calculate applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 calculates uses phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads manuer in holes into cigarette strain side after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer being mixed, transplant latter 30 ~ 40 days, when cigarette strain enters prosperous long mid-term, take off mulch film;
E, field management: carry out immediately after taking off mulch film earthing up, weeding, to water, pinch Liu Ye and smear wooden fork, and accomplish without weeds, without ponding, without fireworks, smokeless wooden fork, without diseased plant, without weak strain, without being short of seedling, without fertilizer deficiency, nothing takes off fertilizer, nothing hardens, cigarette strain regularity is good.
2. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, leaf-cutting when it is characterized in that described cigarette height of seedling 6 ~ 7cm, 2 ~ 3 times, front and back, cut off the water supply before transplanting, control fertilizer, hardening 10 ~ 12 days, then allow cigarette seedling suction liquid manure, after 2 ~ 3 days, prepare to transplant.
3. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described hack stores moisture in the soil, behind whole ground of deep ploughing, within 10 ~ 20 days before transplanting, discharges water and fills with field.
4. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described cake fertilizer is rapeseed cake fertilizer, sesame cake fertilizer or peanut cake fertilizer, and described barnyard manure is that pig is fertile.
5. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described phosphate fertilizer is fused calcium magnesium phosphate, described potash fertilizer is potassium citrate.
6. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the Transplanting Density of described cigarette seedling is 1000 ~ 1200 plants/acre.
7. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described mulch film is polyethylene film, polychloroethylene film or ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer membrane, and described mulch film is colourless mulch film, coloured mulch film or without any one in colour band mulch film alternate with color band.
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