CN107046904A - It is a kind of to be suitable for the Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method that superelevation height above sea level plants cigarette district acid soil - Google Patents
It is a kind of to be suitable for the Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method that superelevation height above sea level plants cigarette district acid soil Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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Abstract
A kind of to be suitable for the Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method that superelevation height above sea level plants cigarette district acid soil, using the farm manure that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed as base fertilizer, the amount of applying is 800~1200kg/ mus；Base manure is made with the first formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco and calcium superphosphate, the amount of applying is 40~50kg/ mus of Special compound fertilizer for tobacco, 4kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate；The N of the first formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco:P2O5:K2O mass ratio is 10:10:25；Topdressed with the second formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco and other potash fertilizer, based on 20kg/ mus, with 1:100 are watered to pour and apply；Other potash fertilizer are disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion；The N of the second formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco:P2O5:K2O mass ratio 15:0:30.The present invention is targetedly optimized to fertilizer application method, improves utilization rate of the cigarette strain to nutrient, and then improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaf.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flue-cured tobacco cultivation technical field, and in particular to one kind is suitable for the double river superelevation height above sea level of Lincang and plants cigarette
The fertilization techniques for flue-cured tobacco of area's acid soil.
Background technology
Lincang Shuan Jiang counties belong to south subtropicses and warm up wet monsoon weather, physical features discrepancy in elevation great disparity, vertical weather substantially, in it is low
Altitude Regions temperature is higher, High aititude and superelevation Altitude Regions that cigarette district is mainly distributed on 1300~2000m is planted, in different seas
Under the conditions of degree of lifting, the light of cigarette strain acquisition, heat, water resource are different with soil nutrient, will have influence on the absorption profit of nutrient
With, so as to cause yield of tobacco and mass discrepancy, particularly 1800~2000m superelevation height above sea level plants cigarette district, light, heat, water resource with
In, low altitude area plant cigarette district difference it is obvious.In addition, soil is also one of crucial ecological condition of sound tobacco production, Lincang
Shuan Jiang counties are based on red soil, the universal slant acidity of soil, even up to strong acid degree.Sound tobacco production best soil pH be
5.5~6.5, when soil pH is less than 5.5, eluviation is strong, and loss of soil nutrient is aggravated, and influences the nutrient absorption of plant.
Cigarette district, the specific ecological condition of acid soil are planted for Lincang Shuan Jiang counties superelevation height above sea level, rational fertilising is formulated
Technical scheme, it is possible to reduce fertilizer loss, improves absorption and utilization ratio of the cigarette strain to nutrient, and then improve yield of tobacco and matter
Amount.
The content of the invention
It is suitable for the fertilising skill that the double river superelevation height above sea level of Lincang plant cigarette district acid soil flue-cured tobacco the invention provides a kind of
Art.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals.
It is a kind of to be suitable for the Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method that superelevation height above sea level plants cigarette district acid soil, comprise the following steps：
(1) using the farm manure that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed as base fertilizer, the amount of applying is 800~1200kg/ mus；
(2) base manure is made with the first formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco and calcium superphosphate, the amount of applying is Special compound fertilizer for tobacco 40
~50kg/ mus, 4kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate；The N of the first formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco:P2O5:K2O mass ratio is 10:
10:25；
(3) topdressed with the second formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco and other potash fertilizer, based on 20kg/ mus, with 1:100 are watered and pour
Apply；Other potash fertilizer are disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion；The N of the second formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco:P2O5:K2O's
Mass ratio 15:0:30；
Superelevation height above sea level of the present invention plants plant cigarette area of the cigarette district for 1800~2000m of height above sea level；The acid soil is red
Earth.
Farm manure of the present invention is the one or more in stacking fertilizer, barnyard manure.Other described potash fertilizer are plant ash and sulphur
Sour potassium, plant ash is disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion when taking off film cultivation and banking, and the amount of applying is 50.0kg/ mus, sulfuric acid
Potassium is disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion in bud stage, and the amount of applying is 5.0kg/ mus.
Described topdress of step (3) of the present invention has imposed in two times, for the first time 7 days after cigarette strain transplanting, with the amount of applying
6.0kg/ mus of applications；For the second time 25 days after cigarette strain transplanting, with 14.0kg/ mus of applications of the amount of applying.
The fertilizing method of the present invention is that after site preparation ridging, the about 15cm that ditched in ridge face is deep, by the farm manure fully become thoroughly decomposed
It is uniform to apply, ridge face is built, then fixed point beats the pool, 18~22cm of pool footpath, the deep 14~16cm in the pool, base manure radius centered on cigarette strain
10cm or so places ring is applied.
The present invention plants the specific ecological characteristic of cigarette district acid soil, Optimum for Lincang Shuan Jiang counties superelevation height above sea level
Technical scheme, variety classes and different amounts of fertilizer are applied according to tobacco growth different times, improve tobacco leaf economic benefit and
Integrated quality.The present invention is with strong points, and apply fertilizer targeting accuracy, and technique effect is protruded, and efficiently solves Lincang Shuan Jiang counties
Superelevation Altitude Regions acid soil is unfavorable for the technical barrier of tobacco planting growth, and application process is simple, and implementation cost is low, is soil
The barren outlying mountain area in ground plants economic crops and obtains good quality and high output there is provided technical guarantee, with stronger promotional value.
Embodiment
It is of the present invention to be particularly suitable for the acid that Lincang Shuan Jiang counties height above sea level plants cigarette district for 1800~2000m superelevation height above sea level
The Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method of property soil (red soil), comprises the following steps：
(1) using the farm manure that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed as base fertilizer, the amount of applying is 800~1200kg/ mus；The farm manure is stacking
One or more in fertilizer, barnyard manure.
(2) base manure is made with the first formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco and calcium superphosphate, the amount of applying is Special compound fertilizer for tobacco 40
~50kg/ mus, 4kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate；The N of the first formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco:P2O5:K2O mass ratio is 10:
10:25；
(3) topdressed with the second formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco and other potash fertilizer, based on 20kg/ mus, with 1:100 are watered and pour
Apply；Other potash fertilizer are disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion；The N of the second formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco:P2O5:K2O's
Mass ratio 15:0:30；Other described potash fertilizer are plant ash and potassium sulfate, and plant ash is disposably imposed when taking off film cultivation and banking
Around Tobacco Root base portion, the amount of applying is 50.0kg/ mus, and potassium sulfate is disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion in bud stage,
The amount of applying is 5.0kg/ mus.Topdress and imposed in two times, for the first time 7 days after cigarette strain transplanting, with 6.0kg/ mus of applications of the amount of applying；
For the second time 25 days after cigarette strain transplanting, with 14.0kg/ mus of applications of the amount of applying.
The fertilizing method of the present invention is that after site preparation ridging, the about 15cm that ditched in ridge face is deep, by the farm manure fully become thoroughly decomposed
It is uniform to apply, ridge face is built, then fixed point beats the pool, 18~22cm of pool footpath, the deep 14~16cm in the pool, base manure radius centered on cigarette strain
10cm or so places ring is applied.
Embodiment 1
Kang Tai villages of Mang Nuo townshiies of Shuan Jiang counties of Lincang city height above sea level 1808m, experimental cultivar is cloud and mist 87.Soil physico-chemical property is
Organic matter 41.23g/kg, full nitrogen 2.35g/kg, full phosphorus 0.79g/kg, full potassium 21.48g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 144.41mg/kg, speed
Imitate phosphorus 11.71mg/kg, available potassium 70.72mg/kg, pH value 5.32.Soil types is red soil.Carry out the fertilising side of tobacco planting
Method comprises the following steps：(1) it is deep in the about 15cm that after site preparation ridging, ditched in ridge face using the barnyard manure that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed as base fertilizer, will
The barnyard manure fully become thoroughly decomposed is uniformly applied, and the amount of applying is 1200kg/ mus, builds ridge face, and rear-pulling rope pulverized limestone fixed point beats the pool, pool footpath 18
~22cm, the deep 14~16cm in the pool；(2) with first formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco (N, P2O5、K2O part by weight is 10:10:25)
50kg/ mus are made base manure with 4kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate, and the places of radius 10cm or so centered on cigarette strain ring is applied after fully mixing；(3) with
Second formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco (N, P2O5、K2O part by weight is 15:0:30) topdress, 20kg/ mus, with 1:100 are watered
Pour and apply, for the first time 7 days after cigarette strain transplanting, applied with 6.0kg/ mus of amounts；For the second time 25 days after transplanting, with 14.0kg/ mus of amounts
Apply.Disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion using plant ash and potassium sulfate as potash fertilizer, wherein plant ash with 50.0kg/ mus
Disposably imposed when taking off film cultivation and banking around Tobacco Root base portion.5.0kg/ mus of potassium sulfate disposably imposes tobacco in bud stage
Around foundation portion.It is as a result as follows using local conventional fertilizer application scheme as control：
1st, economical character：As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the control, 50 days and 7 days plant heights are respectively increased after binding after transplanting
3.34% and 1.00%, 11.81% and 9.75% has been respectively increased in average leaf area, and after binding 7 days cigarette strain stem girths are thicker, section
Away from longer, 3.09% and 11.11% has been respectively increased compared with control.
2nd, economic characters：As shown in table 2, compared with the control, yield, the output value and average price have all been lifted, and wherein yield is carried
High by 11.48%, the output value improves 12.30%, and average price improves 0.44%.
3rd, routine chemical componentses：It is generally believed that routine chemical componentses single index content is total nitrogen 1.5%~2.5%, always
Sugar 20%~26%, reduced sugar 18%~22%, nicotine 1.5%~3.5%, potassium ion ＞ 2%, chlorion ＜ 0.8%, sugared alkali
Than 8~12, nitrogen base is than 1 or is slightly less than 1, when potassium chlorine is than ＞ 4, and the chemical composition of tobacco leaf is relatively coordinated, and quality is more excellent.In addition, may be used also
To be evaluated with composite index, reference《Chinese tobacco zoning》And Xu Zicheng《South Hunan ecological factor and flue cured tobacco quality
Overall merit》、《Quality Evaluation of Flue-cured Tobacco in Main Tobacco-growing Areas of Enshi》Deng research method quality of tobacco is evaluated, routinize
The higher explanation tobacco leaf chemical composition of point composite index is studied more to coordinate.As can be seen from Table 3, Lincang Prefecture's tobacco leaf sugar and sugared alkali
Than higher, but it is overall apparently handle after tobacco leaf be superior to control in three positions on single index and composite index.
4th, aesthetic quality：Reference《Chinese tobacco zoning》, overall merit is carried out to tobacco leaf quality with aesthetic quality's total score, by
The result of table 4 understand, in aesthetic quality's total score, middle part better than control, bottom is slightly below control.
The tobacco leaf economical character of table 1
The economic characters of table 2
The routine chemical componentses of table 3
The aesthetic quality of table 4
Embodiment 2
The peaceful village's height above sea level 1920m in great Wen townshiies of Shuan Jiang counties of Lincang city, experimental cultivar is K326.Soil physico-chemical property is to have
It is machine matter 40.99g/kg, full nitrogen 1.99g/kg, full phosphorus 1.17g/kg, full potassium 12.46g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 134.31mg/kg, quick-acting
Phosphorus 136.05mg/kg, available potassium 237.04mg/kg, pH value 5.23.Soil types is red soil.Fertilizer practice comprises the following steps：
(1) it is deep in the about 15cm that after site preparation ridging, ditched in ridge face using the stacking fertilizer that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed as base fertilizer, by the heap fully become thoroughly decomposed
Fertile uniform application is sealed, the amount of applying is 800kg/ mus, build ridge face, rear-pulling rope pulverized limestone fixed point beats the pool, and 18~22cm of pool footpath, the pool is deep
14~16cm,；(2) with first formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco (N, P2O5、K2O part by weight is 10:10:25) 45kg/ mus and mistake
4kg/ mus of calcium phosphate makees base manure, and the places of radius 10cm or so centered on cigarette strain ring is applied after fully mixing；(3) with the second formula tobacco
Special complex fertilizer (N, P2O5、K2O part by weight is 15:0:30) topdress, 20kg/ mus, with 1:100 are watered to pour and apply, and exist for the first time
7 days after cigarette strain transplanting, applied with 6.0kg/ mus of amounts；For the second time 25 days after transplanting, applied with 14.0kg/ mus of amounts.With plant ash
And potassium sulfate is disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion as potash fertilizer, wherein plant ash is taking off film cultivation and banking with 50.0kg/ mus
When disposably impose around Tobacco Root base portion.5.0kg/ mus of potassium sulfate is disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion in bud stage.
Control is used as using local conventional fertilizer application scheme.As a result it is as follows：
1st, economical character：The result of table 5 shows, compared with the control, 50 days and 7 days plant heights are respectively increased after binding after transplanting
5.20% and 0.65%, 0.67% and 8.27% has been respectively increased in average leaf area, and 7 days cigarette strain stem girths are thicker after binding, pitch
It is longer, 2.22% and 3.33% has been respectively increased compared with control.
2nd, economic characters：As shown in table 6, compared with the control, first-class cigarette ratio, yield, the output value and average price increase, respectively
Improve 12.36%, 1.09%, 4.56% and 3.42%.
3rd, routine chemical componentses：As can be seen from Table 7, the single index such as nicotine, potassium ion and with composite index, in,
Lower three position tobacco leaves are superior to control.
4th, aesthetic quality：As can be seen from Table 8, aesthetic quality's total score upper, middle and lower portion is superior to control.
The tobacco leaf economical character of table 5
The economic characters of table 6
The routine chemical componentses of table 7
The aesthetic quality of table 8
Embodiment 3
Shuan Jiang counties of Lincang city Mang Nuo townshiies field dam group height above sea level 2010m, experimental cultivar is cloud and mist 87.Soil physico-chemical property is
Organic matter 33.51g/kg, full nitrogen 2.65g/kg, full phosphorus 1.39g/kg, full potassium 12.64g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 144.41mg/kg, speed
Imitate phosphorus 26.56mg/kg, available potassium 250.93mg/kg, pH value 5.11.Soil types is red soil.Fertilizer practice includes following step
Suddenly：(1) it is deep in the about 15cm that after site preparation ridging, ditched in ridge face using the stacking fertilizer and barnyard manure that fully become thoroughly decomposed as base fertilizer, will be abundant
The farm manure become thoroughly decomposed is uniformly applied, and the stacking fertilizer amount of applying is 400kg/ mus, and the barnyard manure amount of applying is 600kg/ mus, builds ridge face, after
Drawstring pulverized limestone, which is pinpointed, beats the pool, 18~22cm of pool footpath, the deep 14~16cm in the pool,；(2) with first formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco (N,
P2O5、K2O part by weight is 10:10:25) base manure is made with 4kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate for 40kg/ mus, after fully mixing using cigarette strain in
Heart radius 10cm or so place's ring is applied；(3) with second formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco (N, P2O5、K2O part by weight is 15:0:30)
Topdress, 20kg/ mus, with 1:100 are watered to pour and apply, for the first time 7 days after cigarette strain transplanting, with 6.0kg/ mu amount applications；Second
25 days after transplanting, applied with 14.0kg/ mus of amounts.Tobacco Root base portion week is disposably imposed using plant ash and potassium sulfate as potash fertilizer
Enclose, wherein plant ash is disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion with 50.0kg/ mus when taking off film cultivation and banking.Potassium sulfate 5.0kg/
Mu is disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion in bud stage.Control is used as using local conventional fertilizer application scheme.As a result it is as follows：
1st, economical character：As shown in table 9, compared with the control, 50 days and 7 days plant heights are respectively increased after binding after transplanting
3.81% and 3.16%, 6.23% and 11.80% has been respectively increased in average leaf area, and 7 days cigarette strain stem girths are thicker after binding, pitch
It is longer, 7.59% and 3.45% has been respectively increased compared with control.
2nd, economic characters：As shown in table 10, compared with the control, first-class cigarette ratio, yield, the output value and average price increase, its
Better-than-average cigarette ratio improves 5.37%, output increased 3.70%, and the output value improves 7.02%, and average price improves 3.20%.
3rd, routine chemical componentses：Table 11 is as can be seen that single index and composite index upper, middle and lower portion tobacco leaf are superior to pair
According to being more nearly sound tobacco standard.
4th, aesthetic quality：Table 12 shows aesthetic quality top better than control, and quite, bottom is slightly below control at middle part.
The tobacco leaf economical character of table 9
The economic characters of table 10
The routine chemical componentses of table 11
The aesthetic quality of table 12
Claims (5)
1. a kind of be suitable for the Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method that superelevation height above sea level plants cigarette district acid soil, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
(1) using the farm manure that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed as base fertilizer, the amount of applying is 800~1200kg/ mus；
(2) base manure is made with the first formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco and calcium superphosphate, the amount of applying be Special compound fertilizer for tobacco 40~
50kg/ mus, 4kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate；The N of the first formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco:P2O5:K2O mass ratio is 10:10:
25；
(3) topdressed with the second formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco and other potash fertilizer, based on 20kg/ mus, with 1:100 are watered to pour and apply；
Other potash fertilizer are disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion；The N of the second formula Special compound fertilizer for tobacco:P2O5:K2O matter
Amount compares 15:0:30；
The superelevation height above sea level plants plant cigarette area of the cigarette district for 1800~2000m of height above sea level；The acid soil is red soil.
2. a kind of Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method for being suitable for superelevation height above sea level plant cigarette district acid soil according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the farm manure is the one or more in stacking fertilizer, barnyard manure.
3. a kind of Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method for being suitable for superelevation height above sea level plant cigarette district acid soil according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, other described potash fertilizer are plant ash and potassium sulfate, plant ash is disposably imposed in Tobacco Root when taking off film cultivation and banking
Around base portion, the amount of applying is 50.0kg/ mus, and potassium sulfate is disposably imposed around Tobacco Root base portion in bud stage, the amount of applying
For 5.0kg/ mus.
4. a kind of Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method for being suitable for superelevation height above sea level plant cigarette district acid soil according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, described topdress of step (3) has imposed in two times, for the first time 7 days after cigarette strain transplanting, is applied for 6.0kg/ mus with the amount of applying
Plus；For the second time 25 days after cigarette strain transplanting, with 14.0kg/ mus of applications of the amount of applying.
5. a kind of Fertilizer Application of Tobacco for being suitable for superelevation height above sea level plant cigarette district acid soil according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4
Method, it is characterised in that after site preparation ridging, the about 15cm that ditched in ridge face is deep, and the farm manure fully become thoroughly decomposed is uniformly applied, built
Ridge face, then pinpoints and beats the pool, 18~22cm of pool footpath, the deep 14~16cm in the pool, base manure radius 10cm or so centered on cigarette strain places ring
Apply.
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| CN201710307569.6A CN107046904A (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2017-05-03 | It is a kind of to be suitable for the Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method that superelevation height above sea level plants cigarette district acid soil |
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| CN201710307569.6A CN107046904A (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2017-05-03 | It is a kind of to be suitable for the Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method that superelevation height above sea level plants cigarette district acid soil |
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| CN110352823A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-22 | 湖南省烟草公司永州市公司 | A kind of implantation methods of new flue-cured tobacco varieties |
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| CN115024039A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-09-09 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Improvement method for acid-improving potassium-increasing fertilization on acidic red soil in smoke area and application |
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| CN110352823A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-22 | 湖南省烟草公司永州市公司 | A kind of implantation methods of new flue-cured tobacco varieties |
| CN110771470A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-02-11 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | High-altitude mountain KRK26 tobacco production and planting method |
| CN110907600A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-24 | 云南省烟草公司临沧市公司 | Method for measuring tobacco planting soil micro-ecological environment |
| CN113748809A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-12-07 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Flue-cured tobacco seedling transplanting device and method under mulch |
| CN113748809B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-12-13 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Flue-cured tobacco seedling transplanting device and method under mulch |
| CN115024039A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-09-09 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Improvement method for acid-improving potassium-increasing fertilization on acidic red soil in smoke area and application |
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Application publication date: 20170818 |