CN104025790A

CN104025790A - Method for fertilizer application in arid areas in earlier stage of flue-cured tobacco field planting

Info

Publication number: CN104025790A
Application number: CN201410244027.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨继刚; 龙兴智; 李正强; 王翔; 王晓贵; 肖世仙; 和丽娟
Original assignee: Lijiang City Soil And Fertilizer Work Station
Current assignee: Lijiang City Soil And Fertilizer Work Station
Priority date: 2014-06-04
Filing date: 2014-06-04
Publication date: 2014-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2034-06-04
Also published as: CN104025790B

Abstract

The invention provides a method for fertilizer application in arid areas in the earlier stage of flue-cured tobacco field planting. The fertilizer application method is characterized by comprising the steps that 1, 600kg-800kg of farm manures are applied to each mu of area during flue-cured tobacco soil preparation to obtain base fertilizers; 2, before flue-cured tobaccos are transplanted, 30kg-40kg of ternary composite fertilizer with N, P and K in a ratio of 12 to 12 to 24, 1kg-1.5kg of borax and 1kg-1.5kg of zinc sulfate, serving as a basic fertilizer, are applied to each mu of area; 3, after the flue-cured tobaccos are transplanted for 7-10 days, 8kg-12kg of kalium nitrate fertilizer or nitrogen and potassium fertilizer at each mu is mixed with 500kg-600kg of water and then are applied; 4, after the flue-cured tobaccos are transplanted for 15-20 days, 15kg-20kg of kalium nitrate fertilizer or nitrogen and potassium fertilizer at each mu is mixed with 500kg-600kg of water and then are applied; 5, after the flue-cured tobaccos are transplanted for 40-50 days, 15kg-20kg of potassium sulfate at each mu is mixed with 500kg-600kg of water and is applied. The fertilizer application method can be used in arid areas during flue-cured tobacco transplanting and rainwater concentrated areas in the later stage, so that demands on growth nutrition in flue-cured tobacco field planting stage can be effectively met, and the quality and the yield of flue-cured tobaccos are improved.

Description

The fertilizing method of flue-cured tobacco field planting arid area in early stage

Technical field

The present invention relates to the fertilizing method of a kind of flue-cured tobacco field planting arid area in early stage, particularly the fertilizing method of a kind of Yunnan Province tobacco planting region flue-cured tobacco field planting arid area in early stage.

Background technology

In cured tobacco production, the rational application of fertilizer is the basis that produces sound tobacco, and fertilising quantity, fertilizing method, fertilization type all have significant impact to yield of tobacco and quality.In flue-cured tobacco field planting arid area in early stage, particularly Yunnan Province's flue-cured tobacco transplanting phase arid, the concentrated tobacco planting region of later stage rainwater, if fertilizing method routinely, cause cigarette strain to be grown and the supply serious dislocation of soil moisture, nutrient, after early stage, arid caused flue-cured tobacco transplanting on the one hand, fertilizer absorption ratio is low, cause flue-cured tobacco early onset to scatter and disappear, growth rate is slow; On the other hand, in soil, the topdress residual fertilizer that do not absorb is more base manure and early stage, brings after thoroughly soil nutrient excessive and discharge under tobacco growth middle and later periods rainwater, forms tobacco leaf remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe late-maturing, occurs degradation problem under quality.Like this, not only cause the decline of yield of flue-cured tobacco and quality, also cause the waste of fertilizer.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is the problem for above-mentioned existence, a kind of flue-cured tobacco transplanting phase arid, later stage rainwater area of concentration are provided, meet flue-cured tobacco field period growing nutrient demand and improve quality of tobacco and the fertilizing method of output.The present invention is achieved in that

1, when the pre-whole ground of flue-cured tobacco every mu execute farmyard manure 600～800 ㎏ and make base fertilizer, row application, turns over plough ridging earthing;

2, before flue-cured tobacco transplanting, every mu of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30 ㎏～40 ㎏, borax 1 ㎏～1.5 ㎏, zinc sulphate 1 ㎏～1.5 ㎏ that executes N:P:K=12:12:24 makes base manure, after the ring-type fertilising of beer bottle location, covers fine earth;

3, flue-cured tobacco transplanting is after 7～10 days, executes potassium nitrate or nitrogen potash fertilizer 8 ㎏～12 ㎏ for every mu and is watered 500 ㎏～600 ㎏ and waters and execute, and carries seed manure;

4, flue-cured tobacco transplanting is after 15～20 days, executes potassium nitrate or nitrogen potash fertilizer 15 ㎏～20 ㎏ for every mu and is watered 500 ㎏～600 ㎏ and waters and execute, the group's of work phase fertilizer;

5, flue-cured tobacco transplanting is after 40～50 days, executes potassium sulfate 15 ㎏～20 ㎏ for every mu and is watered 500 ㎏～600 ㎏ and waters and execute, as topdressing squaring period.

The present invention is according to natural conditions and the flue-cured tobacco field period growing nutrient demand rule of flue-cured tobacco field planting arid area in early stage, execute, adjust fertilizer, urge fertile method with water with water by being watered to water on the one hand, fully meet the nutritional need of flue-cured tobacco field planting cigarette strain in early stage, another side reduces base manure, increases proportion of additional fertilizer, the availability of fully improve base manure in early stage, topdressing, reduce the residual quantity of fertilizer in soil, after avoiding under tobacco growth middle and later periods rainwater thoroughly, bring soil nutrient excessive and discharge, avoid forming tobacco leaf remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe late-maturing, occur degradation problem under quality.

Nitrogen is conducive to the raising of total amino acid content in cigarette strain body, and the amino acid content of tobacco leaf and fragrance quality significant correlation; Phosphorus can improve the color of flue-cured tobacco, improves the content of tobacco leaf sugar; Tobacco is larger to the demand of potassium, K uptake is about 2～3 times of amount of nitrogen sucking, and when potassium element is sufficient, tobacco tissue is careful, good luster, fragrance foot, softness, elasticity is better, it is strong that flammability and glowing is held fiery ability, can promote the accumulation of dry matter in cigarette strain body, expand vane thickness and single leaf area, be conducive to improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaf simultaneously.Potassium application can improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco by stages, increases dry-matter accumulation, improves total sugar content, reduces chloride ion content, increases nicotine and potassium content, makes total reducing sugar and nicotine and potassium chlorine ratio be tending towards reasonable.Flue-cured tobacco is executed zinc can increase nicotine content, and fragrance matter, perfume quantity increase; Flue-cured tobacco is executed boron fertilizer can improve leaf look and quality.

Fertilizing method of the present invention is compared than traditional fertilization method, and output improves, better-than-average cigarette ratio rises, the output value increases; Quality improves significantly, and particularly total sugar content and potassium content increase significantly.In Yulong county, Lijiang City, flue-cured tobacco manure trial result in Zhong Xing village, town at dawn is:

1, Major Economic

Aspect per mu yield, per mu yield value and better-than-average tobacco leaf ratio, fertilizing method of the present invention is better than traditional fertilization method, and per mu yield has increased 42.8kg; Per mu yield value has increased by 595.8 yuan; Better-than-average tobacco leaf ratio improves 9.1 percentage points.

2, tobacco leaf main quality index

Quality of tobacco mainly, from nicotine, total reducing sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine and five indexs of potassium content, is analyzed fertilizing method of the present invention and the impact of traditional fertilization method on quality of tobacco, refers to table 2.

Table 2: quality of tobacco analytical table

Attributional analysis project	Nicotine	Total reducing sugar	Reducing sugar	Nicotine	Containing potassium
						Fertilizing method of the present invention	2.0	36.9	28.0	1.8	2.9
Traditional fertilization method	2.0	33.3	26.8	2.1	2.8

Fertilizing method tobacco leaf total reducing sugar of the present invention, reducing sugar and potassium content are higher than traditional fertilization method, and nicotine content is lower than contrast, and nicotine content is consistent.

Embodiment

The flue-cured tobacco of planting taking Zhong Xing village, town at dawn of Yulong county, Lijiang City is as example, and embodiment is:

1, late May,, execute farmyard manure 750 ㎏ and make base fertilizer for every mu when on the pre-whole ground of flue-cured tobacco, row application, ridging earthing plows;

2, late May, before flue-cured tobacco transplanting, every mu of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 35 ㎏, borax 1.2 ㎏, zinc sulphate 1.2 ㎏ that execute N:P:K=12:12:24 make base manure, the ring-type fertilising of beer bottle location, rear covering fine earth;

3, early June, flue-cured tobacco transplanting is after 7 days, executes potassium nitrate or nitrogen potash fertilizer 10 ㎏ for every mu and is watered 550 ㎏ and waters and execute, and carries seed manure;

4, mid-June, flue-cured tobacco transplanting is after 15 days, executes potassium nitrate or nitrogen potash fertilizer 15 ㎏ for every mu and is watered 550 ㎏ and waters and execute, the group's of work phase fertilizer;

5, mid-July, flue-cured tobacco transplanting is after 45 days, executes potassium sulfate 15 ㎏ for every mu and is watered 550 ㎏ and waters and execute, as topdressing squaring period.

Claims

1. a fertilizing method for flue-cured tobacco field planting arid area in early stage, is characterized in that step is as follows:

(1) when the pre-whole ground of flue-cured tobacco every mu execute farmyard manure 600～800 ㎏ and make base fertilizer, row application, turns over plough ridging earthing;

(2) before flue-cured tobacco transplanting, every mu of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30～40 ㎏, borax 1～1.5 ㎏, zinc sulphate 1～1.5 ㎏ that executes N:P:K=12:12:24 makes base manure, after the ring-type fertilising of beer bottle location, covers fine earth;

(3) flue-cured tobacco transplanting is after 7～10 days, executes potassium nitrate or nitrogen potash fertilizer 8～12 ㎏ for every mu and is watered 500～600 ㎏ and waters and execute, and carries seed manure;

(4) flue-cured tobacco transplanting is after 15～20 days, executes potassium nitrate or nitrogen potash fertilizer 15～20 ㎏ for every mu and is watered 500～600 ㎏ and waters and execute, the group's of work phase fertilizer;

(5) flue-cured tobacco transplanting is after 40～50 days, executes potassium sulfate 15～20 ㎏ for every mu and is watered 500～600 ㎏ and waters and execute, as topdressing squaring period.