CN105009769A - Fertilization combination and ground management method for Qixia apple plantation - Google Patents
Fertilization combination and ground management method for Qixia apple plantation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105009769A CN105009769A CN201510431047.8A CN201510431047A CN105009769A CN 105009769 A CN105009769 A CN 105009769A CN 201510431047 A CN201510431047 A CN 201510431047A CN 105009769 A CN105009769 A CN 105009769A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilization combination and ground management method for Qixia apple plantation and belongs to the field of fruit tree plantation. The method comprises detecting soil for plantation to determine a soil fertility state, determining a base fertilizer ratio and a fertilizing amount according to the soil fertility state, carrying out topdressing according to a fruit growth period, wherein a first topdressing process is carried out in the middle of March before germination, a second topdressing process is carried out in mid-to-end of June in a blossom bud differentiation and young fruit enlarging period and a third topdressing process is carried out in early of middle of August in a fruit fast enlarging period, and according to fruit tree growth periods, respectively carrying out fertilization by an annular groove in the juvenile stage and by a radial groove in the fruiting period. Through detection of plantation soil, a base fertilizer ratio is determined according to the detection result, and through strict control of a fertilization ratio and fertilization methods in fruit tree production periods, fertilization in the fruit tree growth period and the fruit growth period is effectively controlled. The fertilization combination and ground management method has simple processes, can be operated simply, has a wide economic value and is suitable for popularization in a plantation area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting fruit trees field, particularly relating to a kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple and floor control method.
Background technology
With its large shape just, bright in colour, fineness is good, sour-sweet moderate, crisp, fragrant and pleasant to taste and famous for Qixia apple.Because its apple is large, fruit shape just, Jiang Run bright in colour, smooth in appearance is fine and smooth, taste sour and sweet palatability, and juice content is more than 89%, sugar part content is high, total reducing sugar amount 16.4%, the micronutrient levels that the human bodies such as iron, zinc, manganese, calcium are useful enriches, and amino acid content is higher, have " fruit queen " good reputation, be subject to liking of many people! But at present, the many orchards of China also exist a series of problems such as blindly applying fertilizer, fertilizing method is improper, cause totally unfavorable impact to the high yield of fruit.Cause soil acidification serious as used too much physiological acidic fertilizer year after year thus cause water-soluble calcium in soil to reduce; If improper fertilization causes Nutrient Elements in Soil, uneven N P and K uses the not enough shortage etc. often causing calcium, magnesium, zinc, boron of the fertilisings such as excessive fertilizer, and above problem has had a strong impact on the quality of fruit, has also badly influenced the soil property in plantation soil.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to final result the problems referred to above, provides a kind of Fertilizer Combinations and the floor control method that are applicable to planting fruit trees.
A kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple of the present invention and floor control method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) first soil property mensuration is carried out to the soil of selected plantation, determine soil fertility;
(2) according to proportioning and the fertilizing amount of soil fertility determination base manure;
(3) according to the fruit growth cycle, it is topdressed; Fertilization time is respectively: first time is about mid-March, before apple rudiment; For the second time in mid or late June, flower bud differentiation and young fruit expanding stage; Third time, the rapid expanding stage of fruit topdressed at early and middle ten days in August;
(4) annular groove and fruiting period is adopted to adopt the mode of radial furrow to apply fertilizer at juvenile stage respectively according to the fruit tree growth cycle.
A kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple of the present invention and floor control method, described in step (2), base manure comprises farmyard manure or organic commercial fertilizer.
A kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple of the present invention and floor control method, the fertilizing amount described in step (2) is the 10%-15% of per mu yield.
A kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple of the present invention and floor control method, the annular groove fertilization mode described in step (4) is: dig annular groove, furrow width 30 centimetres, dark 30 centimetres; Radial furrow fertilization mode is: dig radial furrow, outwards digs 6-8 bar radial furrow, degree of depth 20-40 centimetre at tree crown radius 1/2nd place.
A kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple of the present invention and floor control method, respectively increase a foliage fertilizer when topdressing for first and third time described in step (3).
A kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple of the present invention and floor control method, described foliage fertilizer is natural pond liquid.
A kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple of the present invention and floor control method, by the Soil K+adsorption to plantation soil, determine the proportioning of institute's basal dressing on this basis, and by the strict weight and the ratio that control fertilising, topdress during fruit growth time, and the fertilization mode in the growth cycle of whole fruit tree, make to be effectively controlled at the growth cycle of fruit tree and the fertilising in the fruit growth cycle, and step is simple, mode of operation is simple, be easy to operation, there is economic worth widely, be suitable for promoting the use of at planting area.
Embodiment
A kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple of the present invention and floor control method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) first soil property mensuration is carried out to the soil of selected plantation, determine soil fertility;
(2) according to proportioning and the fertilizing amount of soil fertility determination base manure;
(3) according to the fruit growth cycle, it is topdressed; Fertilization time is respectively: first time is about mid-March, before apple rudiment; For the second time in mid or late June, flower bud differentiation and young fruit expanding stage; Third time, the rapid expanding stage of fruit topdressed at early and middle ten days in August;
(4) annular groove and fruiting period is adopted to adopt the mode of radial furrow to apply fertilizer at juvenile stage respectively according to the fruit tree growth cycle.
A kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple of the present invention and floor control method, described in step (2), base manure comprises farmyard manure or organic commercial fertilizer.Farmyard manure mainly refers to farm organic fertilizer, must fully become thoroughly decomposed; Organic commercial fertilizer should account for the 40%-50% that fertilizer always drops into.
A kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple of the present invention and floor control method, the fertilizing amount described in step (2) is the 10%-15% of per mu yield.
A kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple of the present invention and floor control method, the annular groove fertilization mode described in step (4) is: dig annular groove, furrow width 30 centimetres, dark 30 centimetres; Radial furrow fertilization mode is: dig radial furrow, outwards digs 6-8 bar radial furrow, degree of depth 20-40 centimetre at tree crown radius 1/2nd place.Apple tree is different to the amount needing the main nutrient elements supplemented to absorb in whole anniversary process of growth, so fertilising will grasp the key link, period, science was used, and measures maximum early stage to the demand growth of nitrogen.Young sprout growth, florescence and growth of young all need a large amount of nitrogen, but the nitrogen that this period needs is mainly derived from reserving nutrient of tree body, therefore increase reserving nutrient of nitrogen extremely important.After entering late June, nitrogen required amount reduces.If 7, August, nitrogen was too much, autumn slightly prosperous length must be caused, affect flower bud differentiation and Fruit.And before dormancy of gathering, be root system regrow peak, also it is the storage period of nitrogen nutrition, to the demand rebound significantly again of nitrogenous fertilizer, show as early growth period to the absorption of P elements to increase sharply, florescence reaches and absorbs peak, maintains higher level, until Later growth is still without significant change later always.The tree demand of body to potassium element shows as front low, middle height, rear low, and namely demand is few the florescence, and the later stage increases gradually, and peak to fruit expanding period in August, the later stage declines again gradually.Calcium constituent reaches at apple young fruit period and absorbs peak, accounts for annual 70%, and therefore, it is most important to fruit development that young fruit period supplements sufficient calcium.The demand of apple to magnesium increases gradually along with the growth of blade, and maintains higher level.Boron element had the call at the florescence, was secondly young fruit period and fruit expanding period, and therefore, it is the critical period that the florescence mends canopy, can improve fruit-setting rate, increases high quality fruit rate.Zn-ef ficiency is maximum in germination period requirement, must supplement before germination
A kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple of the present invention and floor control method, respectively increase a foliage fertilizer when topdressing for first and third time described in step (3).It is not only convenient but also efficient that foliage fertilizer has unique superiority.Mend canopy when zinc supplementation is bloomed before germination, mend before bagging, growth is mended early stage, real expanding stage mends potassium, prevention physiological disease is improved and bears fruit, promote into flower, strengthen photosynthesis, improve fruit quality and all serve extraordinary effect.Described foliage fertilizer is natural pond liquid.
Claims (6)
1., for planting Fertilizer Combinations and the floor control method of Qixia apple, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) first soil property mensuration is carried out to the soil of selected plantation, determine soil fertility;
(2) according to proportioning and the fertilizing amount of soil fertility determination base manure;
(3) according to the fruit growth cycle, it is topdressed; Fertilization time is respectively: first time is about mid-March, before apple rudiment; For the second time in mid or late June, flower bud differentiation and young fruit expanding stage; Third time, the rapid expanding stage of fruit topdressed at early and middle ten days in August;
(4) annular groove and fruiting period is adopted to adopt the mode of radial furrow to apply fertilizer at juvenile stage respectively according to the fruit tree growth cycle.
2. a kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple according to claim 1 and floor control method, is characterized in that described in step (2), base manure comprises farmyard manure or organic commercial fertilizer.
3. a kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple according to claim 1 and 2 and floor control method, is characterized in that the fertilizing amount described in step (2) is the 10%-15% of per mu yield.
4. a kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple according to claim 3 and floor control method, is characterized in that the annular groove fertilization mode described in step (4) is: dig annular groove, furrow width 30 centimetres, dark 30 centimetres; Radial furrow fertilization mode is: dig radial furrow, outwards digs 6-8 bar radial furrow, degree of depth 20-40 centimetre at tree crown radius 1/2nd place.
5. a kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple according to claim 4 and floor control method, is characterized in that respectively increasing a foliage fertilizer when topdressing for first and third time described in step (3).
6. a kind of Fertilizer Combinations for planting Qixia apple according to claim 5 and floor control method, is characterized in that described foliage fertilizer is natural pond liquid.
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| CN201510431047.8A CN105009769A (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2015-07-22 | Fertilization combination and ground management method for Qixia apple plantation |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557165A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 长顺县顺新种植基地 | Fertilizing method for improving fruiting rate of apple |
| CN108207469A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-06-29 | 安徽皖东农业科技有限公司 | A kind of scientific management methods for improving apple content of mineral substances and sugariness |
| CN109081721A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-12-25 | 烟台市农业技术推广中心(烟台市国际农发基金项目管理办公室） | A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation |
| CN109180276A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-01-11 | 中国农业科学院果树研究所 | One kind is for Bohai Rim producing region best fruiting period apple tree fertilizer set meal and its method of administration and application |
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| CN101015262A (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2007-08-15 | 陕西中农瑞丰化肥科技有限责任公司 | Accurate fertilization method for apple tree |
| CN102308697A (en) * | 2010-07-11 | 2012-01-11 | 山东农业大学 | Method for controlling total amount of nitrogenous fertilizer applied to apple trees and carrying out top dressing retroposition fertilization |
| CN104541723A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-29 | 山东省果树研究所 | Fertilizer application combination applicable to planting gala apples in mountainous regions, as well as ground management method |
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2015
- 2015-07-22 CN CN201510431047.8A patent/CN105009769A/en active Pending
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| CN101015262A (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2007-08-15 | 陕西中农瑞丰化肥科技有限责任公司 | Accurate fertilization method for apple tree |
| CN102308697A (en) * | 2010-07-11 | 2012-01-11 | 山东农业大学 | Method for controlling total amount of nitrogenous fertilizer applied to apple trees and carrying out top dressing retroposition fertilization |
| CN104541723A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-29 | 山东省果树研究所 | Fertilizer application combination applicable to planting gala apples in mountainous regions, as well as ground management method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557165A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 长顺县顺新种植基地 | Fertilizing method for improving fruiting rate of apple |
| CN109081721A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-12-25 | 烟台市农业技术推广中心(烟台市国际农发基金项目管理办公室） | A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation |
| CN108207469A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-06-29 | 安徽皖东农业科技有限公司 | A kind of scientific management methods for improving apple content of mineral substances and sugariness |
| CN109180276A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-01-11 | 中国农业科学院果树研究所 | One kind is for Bohai Rim producing region best fruiting period apple tree fertilizer set meal and its method of administration and application |
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Application publication date: 20151104 |