CN103125194A - Anniversary application method of leaf fertilizer for red fuji apples - Google Patents
Anniversary application method of leaf fertilizer for red fuji apples Download PDFInfo
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- CN103125194A CN103125194A CN201310084480XA CN201310084480A CN103125194A CN 103125194 A CN103125194 A CN 103125194A CN 201310084480X A CN201310084480X A CN 201310084480XA CN 201310084480 A CN201310084480 A CN 201310084480A CN 103125194 A CN103125194 A CN 103125194A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an anniversary application method of leaf fertilizer for red fuji apples. The method comprises the following steps of: applying nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphatic fertilizer and potassic fertilizer according to the growth characteristic and the nutrient requirement of the red fuji apples at the seven key growth and development stages, i.e., before germination, after germination, at the blooming period, at the vigorous young sprout growth period, at the fruit expansion period, at the later period of fruit development and before defoliation; and meanwhile, replenishing trace elements such as calcium, ferrum, zinc, boron and the like in good time. The anniversary application method can be used for effectively increasing the fruit setting rate of applies, preventing and controlling the little leaf disease, the yellowtop, the fruit shrink disease and the bitter pits, improving the fruit quality and increasing the fruit yield. If the anniversary application method is used for apple production, the growth vigour of a tree body is remarkably enhanced, the occurrence rate of various physiologic diseases is remarkably reduced, the high-quality fruit rate is increased by 23%, and guarantee is provided for the increment of fruit growers and the sustainable development of fruit industry.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of red fuji apple foliage fertilizer anniversary application method, belong to technical field of fertilizers.
(2) background technology
China is world's apple the first big producing country, and approximately 212.70 ten thousand hectares of national cultivated area of the apple in 2009,3193 more than ten thousand tons of gross yields account for respectively 1/3 and 1/4 of the world, and the apple output value reaches more than 450 hundred million yuan, accounts for more than 40% of China's fruit gross output value.China peasant has 4,800 ten thousand people directly or indirectly to be engaged in apple production.Apple Industry has become one of the pillar industry in rural area, in developing rural economy, the acceleration structural readjustment of rural industry, has brought into play important function in the process that helps peasant programme to strive for a relatively comfortable life.
We found by a large amount of investigation in recent years, the orchard worker often uses a large amount of azophoska in order to improve output, and ignored using of middle trace element, caused thus the famine of trace element in the apple orchard soil, the physiological disturbance that little leaf, yellowtop, fruit-shrink disease and bitter pit etc. cause due to middle microelement deficiencies generally occurs, and has had a strong impact on tree body growing way and economic flow rate.Because the validity of middle trace element in soil is lower, often can not be utilized by the root system efficient absorption, therefore produce the upper method of foliage-spray that usually adopts and carry out replenishing of middle trace element.The mineral nutrition difference that the different phase that red fuji apple grows is required, if can not apply fertilizer according to his property of nutrition of each growing stage of apple, not only the normal activities of unappeasable apple, also can cause physiologic derangement, also can cause the waste of fertilizer simultaneously.Yet, at present because orchard worker's cognitive level is limited, be difficult to be well understood to the grow nutritional need of different phase of the physiological action of various elements and red fuji apple, therefore often anomicly on producing carry out foliar application or do not carry out foliar application, so just be difficult to guarantee to give full play to the effect of various elements, can't give full play to the desirable effect of fertilizer.For this reason, we have proposed red fuji apple foliage fertilizer anniversary application method by the nutritive peculiarity of each critical stage that grows of system research red fuji apple.
(3) summary of the invention
In order to solve the blindness of present red fuji apple foliar application, provide a kind of according to red fuji apple the nutritive peculiarity of each critical stage that grows determine the red fuji apple foliage fertilizer anniversary application method of rational foliage fertilizer composition; Be according to growth characteristics and the nutrient demand characteristic of critical stage of growing of these seven red fuji apples before the red fuji apple rudiment, after rudiment, before flowering stage, young sprout prosperous long-term, fruit expanding period, fruit development later stage and fallen leaves, spray suitable foliage fertilizer.
A kind of red fuji apple foliage fertilizer anniversary application method, concrete steps are as follows:
1) spraying concentration is 2%～3% urea and the mixed liquor of 1%～2% zinc sulphate before rudiment; 2) after rudiment, spraying concentration is the mixed liquor of the zinc sulphate of 0.3% urea and 0.3%～0.5%, sprays continuously 2～3 times; 3) flowering stage, spraying concentration was 0.3%～0.4% borax, sprayed continuously 2 times; 4) the prosperous long-term spraying concentration of young sprout is 0.1%～0.2% ironic citrate, sprays continuously 2～3 times; 5) the fruit expanding period spraying concentration is the mixed liquor of the nitrate of lime of 0.3%～0.4% borax and 0.2%～0.5%, sprays continuously 3 times to fruit bagging; 6) fruit development later stage spraying concentration is 0.4%～0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sprays continuously 3～4 times; 7) before fallen leaves, spraying concentration is 0.5%～2% urea, 0.3%～0.5% zinc sulphate and the mixed liquor of 0.5%～2% borax, continuous spraying 3～4 times, in this step, along with the increase that sprays number of times, in mixed liquor, the concentration of urea, zinc sulphate and borax strengthens successively.
(3) spray selection of time before at 10 in the morning or after at 4 in afternoon, the preference temperature scope is 10～25 ℃; Spraying method is first up and then down, and is evenly careful, sprays take tender leaf as main, mainly sprays the leaf back side.
Red fuji apple foliage fertilizer anniversary application method of the present invention has following characteristics: the foliage fertilizer constituent of 1, rationally determining different growing.Change the nutritive peculiarity of growing according to apple development into by the Foliar Spraying method of the blindness of orchard worker custom and carry out the preparation of foliage fertilizer, carry out replenishing of corresponding fertilizer for the demand of fruit tree.2, the foliage fertilizer nutrient density of science.The height of nutritive element concentration directly affects leaf tissue to the Absorption of nutrient, and the present invention has determined suitable nutrient density by a large amount of tests, has guaranteed the efficient utilization of nutrient.3, manufacture craft of the present invention is simple, and raw material is easy to get, and cost is lower, is convenient to spread.
Adopt the present invention to carry out apple production, tree body growing way significantly strengthens, and various physiological disturbance incidences significantly reduce, and percent rate of high quality fruit improves 23%, has obtained economic benefit and social benefit significantly, for the orchard worker increase income and the sustainable development of fruit industry provides guarantee.
(4) embodiment
Be below the Application Example that the inventor provides, it is pointed out that to the invention is not restricted to these embodiment, technology or operation that the present invention does not describe especially are known technology.
Embodiment 1:
The applicant tests in She Zhuan village, Zhong Zhuan town, Yiyuan.The examination material is 8 years living red fuji apple/hupehensis Rehds, and seeding row spacing is 3.0m * 4.0m, is experimental field 4 mu.According to the scheme of this invention, the tree body is carried out spray leaf fertilizer in 207 years whole seasons of growth, establishes 2 processing:
One, utilize red fuji apple foliage fertilizer anniversary application method of the present invention:
1) spraying concentration is 2% urea and the mixed liquor of 1.5% zinc sulphate before rudiment; 2) after rudiment, spraying concentration is the mixed liquor of the zinc sulphate of 0.3% urea and 0.3%, sprays continuously 3 times; 3) flowering stage, spraying concentration was 0.3% borax; 4) the prosperous long-term spraying concentration of young sprout is 0.2% ironic citrate, sprays continuously 2 times; 5) the fruit expanding period spraying concentration is the mixed liquor of the nitrate of lime of 0.3% borax and 0.4%, and continuous spraying is 3 times to the fruit bagging; 6) fruit development later stage spraying concentration is 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sprays continuously 4 times; 7) before fallen leaves, spraying concentration is 0.5% urea, 0.3% zinc sulphate and the mixed liquor of 0.5% borax, after one week, spraying concentration is 1% urea, 0.4% zinc sulphate and the mixed liquor of 1% borax, and spraying concentration is 2% urea, 0.5% zinc sulphate and the mixed liquor of 2% borax after 10 days.
Concentration of the present invention refers to add in 100 kg of water 2 kilograms of urea and 1.5 kilograms of zinc sulphate when being the mixed liquor preparation of 2% urea and 1.5% zinc sulphate.The preparation of all the other liquid or mixed liquor all by that analogy.
Two, traditional spray leaf fertilizer method.The fruit expanding period spraying concentration is 0.2% nitrate of lime, and continuous spraying is 2 times to the fruit bagging, plucks bag rear spraying concentration and be 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate once.
Utilize the present invention to spray foliage fertilizer and conventional method result of the test such as table 1, as seen adopt foliage fertilizer of the present invention to compare with traditional scheme, obviously improved single plant yield and single fruit weight, fruit quality also increases simultaneously.Table 2 compares for tree body disease situation.
Table 1 the present invention and traditional blade face spraying method compare the effect of apple production and fruit quality
| ? | Per unit area yield kg/ strain | Single fruit weight/gram | Soluble solid/% | Hardness | Fruit color degree/% |
| The present invention | 77.43 | 211.36 | 13.7 | 9.8 | 85 |
| The tradition spray leaf fertilizer | 72.37 | 192.05 | 12.4 | 9.4 | 73 |
The comparison to Disease of Apple Trees of table 2 the present invention and traditional blade face spraying method
Embodiment 2:
From 2007 to 2012, we have carried out test of the present invention at the Fuji apple orchard of Laishan town, Yantai, Shandong, Xixia City and Feicheng, Tai'an, relate to altogether 640 mu, Fuji apple orchard, obtained remarkable result, increased orchard worker's economic benefit, comprehensive 185 apple orchards result of the test of 5 years statistics shows, after using the present invention, per mu yield improves 7.87%, and single fruit weight improves 9.56g, and one-level fruit rate improves 23 percentage points, pol increases by 1.5 units, tree body growing way is obviously healthy and strong, and the disease incidence reduces, and economic benefit increases income 453.81 yuan/mu.
Claims (1)
1. red fuji apple foliage fertilizer anniversary application method, be according to growth characteristics and the nutrient demand characteristic of critical stage of growing of these seven red fuji apples before the red fuji apple rudiment, after rudiment, before flowering stage, young sprout prosperous long-term, fruit expanding period, fruit development later stage and fallen leaves, spray suitable foliage fertilizer; It is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
1) spraying concentration is 2%～3% urea and the mixed liquor of 1%～2% zinc sulphate before rudiment;
2) after rudiment, spraying concentration is the mixed liquor of the zinc sulphate of 0.3% urea and 0.3%～0.5%, sprays continuously 2～3 times;
3) flowering stage, spraying concentration was 0.3%～0.4% borax, sprayed continuously 2 times;
4) the prosperous long-term spraying concentration of young sprout is 0.1%～0.2% ironic citrate, sprays continuously 2～3 times;
5) the fruit expanding period spraying concentration is the mixed liquor of the nitrate of lime of 0.3%～0.4% borax and 0.2%～0.5%, sprays continuously 3 times to fruit bagging;
6) fruit development later stage spraying concentration is 0.4%～0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sprays continuously 3～4 times;
7) before fallen leaves, spraying concentration is 0.5%～2% urea, 0.3%～0.5% zinc sulphate and the mixed liquor of 0.5%～2% borax, continuous spraying 3～4 times, in this step, along with the increase that sprays number of times, in mixed liquor, the concentration of urea, zinc sulphate and borax strengthens successively;
The time that sprays in above steps was before at 10 in the morning or after at 4 in afternoon, the preference temperature scope is 10～25 ℃; Spraying method is first up and then down, and is evenly careful, sprays take tender leaf as main, mainly sprays the leaf back side.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104725093A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-24 | 天津市北方创业园林股份有限公司 | Fruit tree foliar fertilizer |
| CN105218243A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-01-06 | 张品文 | A kind of supplementary fruit tree zinc fertilizer and prevent and treat the method for little leaf disease |
| CN105237207A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-01-13 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Method for effectively applying fruit trees foliar fertilizers |
| CN105359693A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-03-02 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Method for effectively preventing iron deficiency yellowtop of fruit trees |
| CN106518232A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 山东省果树研究所 | Leaf fertilizer for apples |
| CN106938957A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-11 | 山东农业大学 | Special-purpose foliage fertilizer and its application before a kind of apple fall foliage |
| CN109042740A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-21 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | A kind of apple tree protects leaf fruit preservative and its application |
| CN109168886A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-11 | 山东省果茶技术推广站 | A method of prevention and treatment apple bitter pit |
| CN111837778A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-30 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Alternative-special-essence-reduction irrigation fertilization method for apple in each growth stage |
| CN114009268A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-08 | 通渭县鑫旺林果专业合作社 | Planting method for increasing sugar content of apples |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104725093A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-24 | 天津市北方创业园林股份有限公司 | Fruit tree foliar fertilizer |
| CN105218243A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-01-06 | 张品文 | A kind of supplementary fruit tree zinc fertilizer and prevent and treat the method for little leaf disease |
| CN105237207A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-01-13 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Method for effectively applying fruit trees foliar fertilizers |
| CN105359693A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-03-02 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Method for effectively preventing iron deficiency yellowtop of fruit trees |
| CN105359693B (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-12-19 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | A kind of method of efficiently preventing and treating Chlorosis in Fruit trees yellowtop |
| CN106518232A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 山东省果树研究所 | Leaf fertilizer for apples |
| CN106938957A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-11 | 山东农业大学 | Special-purpose foliage fertilizer and its application before a kind of apple fall foliage |
| CN109042740A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-21 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | A kind of apple tree protects leaf fruit preservative and its application |
| CN109168886A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-11 | 山东省果茶技术推广站 | A method of prevention and treatment apple bitter pit |
| CN111837778A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-30 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Alternative-special-essence-reduction irrigation fertilization method for apple in each growth stage |
| CN114009268A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-08 | 通渭县鑫旺林果专业合作社 | Planting method for increasing sugar content of apples |
| CN114009268B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-08-04 | 通渭县鑫旺林果专业合作社 | Planting method for improving sugar content of apples |
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