CN109081721A - A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation - Google Patents
A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109081721A CN109081721A CN201711286657.9A CN201711286657A CN109081721A CN 109081721 A CN109081721 A CN 109081721A CN 201711286657 A CN201711286657 A CN 201711286657A CN 109081721 A CN109081721 A CN 109081721A
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- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 54
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 claims description 50
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 50
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 claims description 37
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000021232 nutrient availability Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 carrotene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009605 growth rhythm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of administration of soil improvement field more particularly to acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation, including measurement soil aciditiy, be manured into soil conditioner and fertilizer and root top dressing；The beneficial effects of the present invention are: fertilizer of the present invention by selection suitable proportion, different bearing stage according to apple is applied, guarantee demand of the fruit tree to various nutritional ingredients, it is equipped with soil conditioner simultaneously, in conjunction with the fertilizer of application, lasting improving effect can be played to the soil of acidification, nutrient availability after guarantee incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, to improve apple production and quality, save the cost is easy to spread.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of application side of soil improvement field more particularly to acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation
Method.
Background technique
Apple is that China's cultivated area is most wide, one of the fruit variety that yield is most.In terms of the productive prospecting of apple, fit
Ying Xingqiang, yielding ability are good, the result period is long, various in style, storage tolerance.Apple nutritive value with higher rich in sugar, forms sediment
The nutritional ingredients such as powder, ascorbic acid, fat, protein, pectin, carrotene, calcium, magnesium, zinc.Requirement apple of the apple to environment
It is tree species relatively cold-resistant in deciduous fruit tree, is mainly distributed on the wide geographic area of North of Yangtze River in China.Optimum growing temperatures
It is 9-14 DEG C of annual, between -10-10 DEG C of mean temperature most cold of month, is averaging temperature in 4-10 month growth period
It is advisable within the scope of 10-20 DEG C of degree, can be cultivated between 6-17 DEG C of mean temperature.Therefore, the temperature condition in many areas in China is complete
It can satisfy the growth and development of apple tree.Generally, it is considered that being the Suitable Area of apple plantation between 500-800 millimeters of annual rainfall
Domain, and the apple producing region major part rainfall in China western part must be relied on and be irrigated lower than 400 millimeters, dry, cultivation apple.
Apple tree is light fruit tree, and length, the power of sunshine have direct influence to the coloring of Apple and quality.General year day
Impinge upon the development of the bud differentiation and fruit that are conducive to apple between 2200-2700 hours.Day and night temperature is big, illumination is sufficient advantageous
The accumulation of sugared part, the content of raising vitamin and the coloring of Apple in fruit.
Currently, the effect planted using acidified soil conditioner is undesirable when plantation apple is applied fertilizer, because fertilising
Method can not reach the demand of apple cultivation, and existing fertilization for apple method has no basis the different production ranks of apple
Demand of the section to nutrition is formulated, and the scientific growth rhythm of apple is not met, and leads to that apple production is low, nutrition is not enriched, mouthfeel
It is bad, it is therefore desirable to invent a kind of dedicated method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple tree planting.
Summary of the invention
The present invention improves that soil effect is unobvious leads to apple product for existing acidified soil conditioner for apple cultivation
The problem of matter difference provides a kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that
A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation, comprising the following steps:
1) it measures soil aciditiy: soil being sampled, the pH value of pedotheque is measured；
2) be manured into soil conditioner: every plant of apple tree use one of quick lime, oyster shell powder or humic acid as
Soil conditioner, dosage 1-5kg, wherein 30-40% is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields on apple tree tree crown upright projection ground, and turn over into
Soil, the remaining digging annular ditch along tree crown outer rim projection ground applies in ditch and earthing；
3) it applies fertilizer: dose being determined according to yield, every production 100kg apple applies urea 1.1-1.3kg, diammonium
0.5-0.7kg and potassium nitrate 1.2-1.4kg；
4) root top dressing: November applies 3-5kg/ plants of high nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, 8-10kg/ plants of organic fertilizer, applies high nitrogen height the 3-4 month
1-3kg/ plants of potash fertilizer, 0.5-1.5kg/ plants of secondary and micro-element fertilizers apply 2-6kg/ plants of swollen fruit fruit-promoting fertilizer, high potash fertilizer 1- the 8-9 month
3kg/ plants.
Further, the soil aciditiy measured according to the step 1), three kinds of soil conditioner amounts of application are respectively as follows: soil pH
It is 5kg/ plants when value≤4.5；When soil pH value 4.5-6.0,2-5kg/ plants of quick lime, 2.5-5kg/ plants of oyster shell powder, humic
It is 3-5kg/ plants sour；When soil pH value >=6.0,1-2kg/ plants of quick lime, 1-2.5kg/ plants of oyster shell powder, 1-3kg/ plants of humic acid.
Further, twice, the time is 2 months and October respectively for application in the soil conditioner 1 year.
Further, the annual amount of application of the soil conditioner is the 80% of the previous year, quick lime and oyster shell powder adjacent two
Year not repetitive administration.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: fertilizer of the present invention by selection suitable proportion, the different bearing rank according to apple
Section application, demand of the guarantee fruit tree to various nutritional ingredients, while it being equipped with soil conditioner, it, can be to acid in conjunction with the fertilizer of application
The soil of change plays lasting improving effect, guarantees nutrient availability after incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, thus improve apple production and
Quality, save the cost are easy to spread.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with example, present invention is described, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit this
The range of invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation, comprising the following steps:
1) it measures soil aciditiy: soil being sampled, the pH value of pedotheque is measured；
2) be manured into soil conditioner: every plant of apple tree uses quick lime as soil conditioner, dosage 1-5kg, wherein
30-40% is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields on apple tree tree crown upright projection ground, and is turned over and buried, remaining to dig along tree crown outer rim projection ground
Annular ditch applies in ditch and earthing；
3) it applies fertilizer: dose being determined according to yield, every production 100kg apple applies urea 1.1kg, diammonium 0.5kg
With potassium nitrate 1.2kg；
4) root top dressing: November applies 3kg/ plants of high nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, 8kg/ plants of organic fertilizer, applies high nitrogen and potassium fertilizer the 3-4 month
1kg/ plants, 0.5kg/ plants of secondary and micro-element fertilizers apply 2kg/ plants of swollen fruit fruit-promoting fertilizer, potash fertilizer 1kg/ plants high the 8-9 month.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation, comprising the following steps:
1) it measures soil aciditiy: soil being sampled, the pH value of pedotheque is measured；
2) be manured into soil conditioner: every plant of apple tree uses oyster shell powder as soil conditioner, dosage 1-5kg,
Middle 30-40% is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields on apple tree tree crown upright projection ground, and is turned over and buried, remaining along tree crown outer rim projection ground
Digging annular ditch applies in ditch and earthing；
3) it applies fertilizer: dose being determined according to yield, every production 100kg apple applies urea 1.2kg, diammonium 0.6kg
With potassium nitrate 1.3kg；
4) root top dressing: November applies 4kg/ plants of high nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, 9kg/ plants of organic fertilizer, applies high nitrogen and potassium fertilizer the 3-4 month
2kg/ plants, 1kg/ plants of secondary and micro-element fertilizers apply 4kg/ plants of swollen fruit fruit-promoting fertilizer, potash fertilizer 2kg/ plants high the 8-9 month.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation, comprising the following steps:
1) it measures soil aciditiy: soil being sampled, the pH value of pedotheque is measured；
2) be manured into soil conditioner: every plant of apple tree uses in humic acid as soil conditioner, dosage 1-5kg,
Middle 30-40% is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields on apple tree tree crown upright projection ground, and is turned over and buried, remaining along tree crown outer rim projection ground
Digging annular ditch applies in ditch and earthing；
3) it applies fertilizer: dose being determined according to yield, every production 100kg apple applies urea 11.3kg, diammonium
0.7kg and potassium nitrate 1.4kg；
4) root top dressing: November applies 5kg/ plants of high nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, 10kg/ plants of organic fertilizer, applies high nitrogen and potassium fertilizer the 3-4 month
3kg/ plants, 1.5kg/ plants of secondary and micro-element fertilizers apply 6kg/ plants of swollen fruit fruit-promoting fertilizer, potash fertilizer 3kg/ plants high the 8-9 month.
In embodiment 1-3, according to the soil aciditiy that step 1) measures, three kinds of soil conditioner amounts of application are respectively as follows: soil
It is 5kg/ plants when pH value≤4.5；When soil pH value 4.5-6.0,2-5kg/ plants of quick lime, 2.5-5kg/ plants of oyster shell powder, corruption
It grows 3-5kg/ plants sour；When soil pH value >=6.0,1-2kg/ plants of quick lime, 1-2.5kg/ plants of oyster shell powder, humic acid 1-3kg/
Strain.Twice, the time is 2 months and October respectively for application in soil conditioner 1 year, and annual amount of application is the 80% of the previous year, quick lime
2 years adjacent with oyster shell powder not repetitive administrations.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation, which comprises the following steps:
1) it measures soil aciditiy: soil being sampled, the pH value of pedotheque is measured；
2) be manured into soil conditioner: every plant of apple tree uses one of quick lime, oyster shell powder or humic acid as soil
Conditioner, dosage 1-5kg, wherein 30-40% is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields on apple tree tree crown upright projection ground, and is turned over and buried, and is remained
The remaining digging annular ditch along tree crown outer rim projection ground applies in ditch and earthing；
3) it applies fertilizer: dose being determined according to yield, every production 100kg apple applies urea 1.1-1.3kg, diammonium 0.5-
0.7kg and potassium nitrate 1.2-1.4kg；
4) root top dressing: November applies 3-5kg/ plants of high nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, 8-10kg/ plants of organic fertilizer, applies high nitrogen and potassium fertilizer the 3-4 month
1-3kg/ plants, 0.5-1.5kg/ plants of secondary and micro-element fertilizers apply 2-6kg/ plants of swollen fruit fruit-promoting fertilizer, high potash fertilizer 1-3kg/ the 8-9 month
Strain.
2. method of administration of the acidified soil conditioner according to claim 1 in apple cultivation, which is characterized in that according to
The soil aciditiy of the step 1) measurement is when three kinds of soil conditioner amounts of application are respectively as follows: soil pH value≤4.5
5kg/ plants；When soil pH value 4.5-6.0,2-5kg/ plants of quick lime, 2.5-5kg/ plants of oyster shell powder, 3-5kg/ plants of humic acid；Soil
When earth pH value >=6.0,1-2kg/ plants of quick lime, 1-2.5kg/ plants of oyster shell powder, 1-3kg/ plants of humic acid.
3. method of administration of the acidified soil conditioner according to claim 1 in apple cultivation, which is characterized in that described
Twice, the time is 2 months and October respectively for application in soil conditioner 1 year.
4. method of administration of the acidified soil conditioner according to claim 1-3 in apple cultivation, feature
It is, the annual amount of application of soil conditioner is the 80% of the previous year, quick lime and does not repeat to apply for oyster shell powder adjacent 2 years
With.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711286657.9A CN109081721A (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2017-12-07 | A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711286657.9A CN109081721A (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2017-12-07 | A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation |
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| CN109081721A true CN109081721A (en) | 2018-12-25 |
Family
ID=64839558
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| CN201711286657.9A Pending CN109081721A (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2017-12-07 | A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109792919A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-05-24 | 烟台市农业技术推广中心(烟台市国际农发基金项目管理办公室） | A kind of soil regulation method preventing cherry orchard soil degradation |
| CN110169297A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-08-27 | 重庆市九龙坡区农业农村委员会 | A kind of method that nitric acid phosphorous compound fertilizer is applied in fruit tree kind fertilising regional soil acidification |
| CN110268827A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-09-24 | 重庆市九龙坡区农业农村委员会 | Vegetable Base acidified soil Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy and the method for improving chemical fertilizer utilization ratio |
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Application publication date: 20181225 |