CN112028682A - Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture and processing method thereof - Google Patents

Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture and processing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112028682A
CN112028682A CN201910482645.6A CN201910482645A CN112028682A CN 112028682 A CN112028682 A CN 112028682A CN 201910482645 A CN201910482645 A CN 201910482645A CN 112028682 A CN112028682 A CN 112028682A
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fertilizer
parts
basic
soilless culture
water
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张文刚
李军
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Shanghai Mingwei Technology Development Co ltd
Suzhou Meiri Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Mingwei Technology Development Co ltd
Suzhou Meiri Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6.9-10.7 parts of nitrogen, 11-15 parts of phosphorus, 26-32 parts of potassium, 1-4 parts of magnesium, 0.15-0.30 part of manganese, 0.02-0.08 part of boron, 0.1-0.6 part of iron, 0.001-0.009 part of copper, 0.008-0.016 part of zinc and 0.005-0.015 part of molybdenum. The macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture is a full water-soluble macroelement water-soluble fertilizer, and all components of the product can be quickly absorbed and utilized by crops, so that sufficient nutrient components required by the growth and development of the crops are provided, and the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer has obvious effects on increasing the yield of the crops and improving the quality of the crops; the added ammonium humate fertilizer can effectively improve the fertilizer efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, prolong the fertilizer efficiency of calcium fertilizer and enhance the water and fertilizer retention capacity of matrix or soil.

Description

Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture and processing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture and a processing method thereof.
Background
The existing water-soluble fertilizer in the market is not easy to dissolve in water due to organic humic acid, so that inorganic nutrient water-soluble fertilizer and humic acid fertilizer are mostly not mixed for use, and the existing water-soluble fertilizer product has low utilization rate in soil, various components of the product cannot be quickly absorbed and utilized by crops, the crop yield is low, and the crop quality is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention aims to provide a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture and a processing method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is summarized as follows:
a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture comprises the following components in parts by weight:
6.9-10.7 parts of nitrogen, 11-15 parts of phosphorus, 26-32 parts of potassium, 1-4 parts of magnesium, 0.15-0.30 part of manganese, 0.02-0.08 part of boron, 0.1-0.6 part of iron, 0.001-0.009 part of copper, 0.008-0.016 part of zinc and 0.005-0.015 part of molybdenum.
Preferably, the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture is characterized in that the nitrogen element is added into the fertilizer in the form of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and ammonium humate; the mass ratio of the nitrate nitrogen to the ammonium humate is 60-90: 8-12: 1-5. The invention adds ammonium humate with high water solubility, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and ammonium humate with reasonable compatibility, effectively ensures that the water-insoluble substance is less than or equal to 5.0 percent, and ensures the double effects of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer and humic acid fertilizer.
Preferably, the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture is characterized in that the basic fertilizer containing nitrate nitrogen is one or more of potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate and magnesium nitrate.
Preferably, the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture is characterized in that the base fertilizer containing ammonium nitrogen is urea.
Preferably, the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture is a basic fertilizer of phosphorus, wherein the basic fertilizer of phosphorus is potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the basic fertilizer of the potassium is one or two of potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate; the magnesium base fertilizer is magnesium sulfate.
Preferably, the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture is used, wherein the manganese base fertilizer is manganese ethylene diamine tetraacetate; the base fertilizer for boron is boric acid; the iron-based fertilizer is iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate.
Preferably, the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture is a copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate base fertilizer; the basic fertilizer of zinc is zinc ethylene diamine tetraacetate; the molybdenum base fertilizer is ammonium molybdate.
Preferably, the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture further comprises 2-4 parts of triethanolamine, 0.5-1 part of yeast sugar, 1-3 parts of starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, 1-3 parts of threonine and 1-3 parts of cyanobacteria. The yeast sugar can activate the activity of various enzymes in seeds and plants, promote metabolism, increase the absorption capacity of underground roots and the photosynthetic efficiency of overground parts, and increase the yield and income of the plants; the starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer can absorb water in a deliverable manner, so that the fertilizer absorption capacity of plants can be improved; threonine can enhance the high-temperature resistance and low-temperature resistance of crops and has the capability of removing partial phytotoxicity; the cyanobacteria can improve the water and fertilizer retention capability of soil and the photosynthetic aggregation and drainage control capability of plants.
A processing method of a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture comprises the following steps:
1) inspecting the purity and the content of harmful substances of each basic fertilizer; weighing the basic fertilizers according to the parts by weight after the basic fertilizers are qualified;
2) respectively crushing the basic fertilizers in a crusher, and rotationally mixing the basic fertilizers in a drum mixer for 1-3 hours;
3) and (4) subpackaging the mixed base fertilizer in a dry environment to obtain the finished fertilizer.
Preferably, the processing method of the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture is used, wherein the granularity of the crushed material in the step 2) is 0.1-0.3 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture is a full water-soluble macroelement water-soluble fertilizer, and all components of the product can be quickly absorbed and utilized by crops, so that sufficient nutrient components required by the growth and development of the crops are provided, and the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer has obvious effects on increasing the yield of the crops and improving the quality of the crops; the added ammonium humate fertilizer can effectively improve the fertilizer efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, prolong the fertilizer efficiency of calcium fertilizer and enhance the water and fertilizer retention capacity of matrix or soil.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
Example 1:
a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture comprises the following components in parts by weight:
8 parts of nitrogen, 26 parts of phosphorus, 58 parts of potassium, 1 part of magnesium, 0.26 part of manganese, 0.05 part of boron, 0.4 part of iron, 0.004 part of copper, 0.012 part of zinc and 0.01 part of molybdenum; 2 parts of triethanolamine, 0.5 part of yeast sugar, 1 part of starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, 1 part of threonine and 1 part of cyanobacteria;
adding nitrogen element into the fertilizer in the form of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and ammonium humate; the mass ratio of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and ammonium humate is 70:8:2, and the basic fertilizer containing the nitrate nitrogen is potassium nitrate; the basic fertilizer containing ammonium nitrogen is urea; the basic fertilizer for phosphorus is potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the basic fertilizer for potassium is potassium nitrate; the basic fertilizer for magnesium is magnesium sulfate; the manganese base fertilizer is manganese ethylene diamine tetraacetate; the base fertilizer for boron is boric acid; the iron-based fertilizer is iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate; the basic fertilizer of copper is copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate; the basic fertilizer of zinc is zinc ethylene diamine tetraacetate; the base fertilizer for molybdenum is ammonium molybdate.
A processing method of a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture comprises the following steps:
1) inspecting the purity and the content of harmful substances of each basic fertilizer; weighing the basic fertilizers according to the parts by weight after the basic fertilizers are qualified;
2) respectively crushing the base fertilizers in a crusher until the granularity is 0.1 mm, and rotationally mixing the base fertilizers in a drum mixer for 1 hour;
3) and (4) subpackaging the mixed base fertilizer in a dry environment to obtain the finished fertilizer.
Example 2:
a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture comprises the following components in parts by weight:
7 parts of nitrogen, 20 parts of phosphorus, 68 parts of potassium, 2 parts of magnesium, 0.18 part of manganese, 0.031 part of boron, 0.2 part of iron, 0.003 part of copper, 0.009 part of zinc, 0.006 part of molybdenum, 3 parts of triethanolamine, 0.8 part of yeast sugar, 2 parts of starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, 2 parts of threonine and 2 parts of cyanobacteria;
adding nitrogen element into the fertilizer in the form of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and ammonium humate; the mass ratio of nitrate nitrogen to ammonium humate is 60:8: 2; the basic fertilizer containing nitrate nitrogen is calcium nitrate; the basic fertilizer containing ammonium nitrogen is urea; the basic fertilizer for phosphorus is potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the basic fertilizer for potassium is potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the basic fertilizer for magnesium is magnesium sulfate; the manganese base fertilizer is manganese ethylene diamine tetraacetate; the base fertilizer for boron is boric acid; the iron-based fertilizer is iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate; the basic fertilizer of copper is copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate; the basic fertilizer of zinc is zinc ethylene diamine tetraacetate; the base fertilizer for molybdenum is ammonium molybdate.
A processing method of a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture comprises the following steps:
1) inspecting the purity and the content of harmful substances of each basic fertilizer; weighing the basic fertilizers according to the parts by weight after the basic fertilizers are qualified;
2) respectively crushing the base fertilizers in a crusher, wherein the crushed granularity is 0.2 mm, and rotationally mixing for 2 hours in a drum mixer;
3) and (4) subpackaging the mixed base fertilizer in a dry environment to obtain the finished fertilizer.
Example 3:
a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture comprises the following components in parts by weight:
7.5 parts of nitrogen, 22 parts of phosphorus, 64 parts of potassium, 3 parts of magnesium, 0.12 part of manganese, 0.035 part of boron, 0.23 part of iron, 0.003 part of copper, 0.01 part of zinc, 0.006 part of molybdenum, 3.2 parts of triethanolamine, 0.9 part of yeast sugar, 2.5 parts of starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, 2.2 parts of threonine and 2.6 parts of cyanobacteria;
adding nitrogen element into the fertilizer in the form of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and ammonium humate; the mass ratio of the nitrate nitrogen to the ammonium humate is 66:8: 2; the basic fertilizer containing nitrate nitrogen is magnesium nitrate; the basic fertilizer containing ammonium nitrogen is urea; the basic fertilizer for phosphorus is potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the basic fertilizer for potassium is potassium sulfate; the basic fertilizer for magnesium is magnesium sulfate; the manganese base fertilizer is manganese ethylene diamine tetraacetate; the base fertilizer for boron is boric acid; the iron-based fertilizer is iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate; the basic fertilizer of copper is copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate; the basic fertilizer of zinc is zinc ethylene diamine tetraacetate; the base fertilizer for molybdenum is ammonium molybdate.
A processing method of a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture comprises the following steps:
1) inspecting the purity and the content of harmful substances of each basic fertilizer; weighing the basic fertilizers according to the parts by weight after the basic fertilizers are qualified;
2) respectively crushing the base fertilizers in a crusher, wherein the crushed granularity is 0.2 mm, and rotationally mixing the base fertilizers in a drum mixer for 3 hours;
3) and (4) subpackaging the mixed base fertilizer in a dry environment to obtain the finished fertilizer.
Example 4:
a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture comprises the following components in parts by weight:
7 parts of nitrogen, 20 parts of phosphorus, 68 parts of potassium, 4 parts of magnesium, 0.27 part of manganese, 0.031 part of boron, 0.15 part of iron, 0.002 part of copper, 0.008 part of zinc, 0.006 part of molybdenum, 4 parts of triethanolamine, 1 part of yeast sugar, 3 parts of starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, 3 parts of threonine and 3 parts of cyanobacteria;
adding nitrogen element into the fertilizer in the form of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and ammonium humate; the mass ratio of nitrate nitrogen to ammonium humate is 60:8: 2; the basic fertilizer containing nitrate nitrogen comprises potassium nitrate and calcium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1: 1; the basic fertilizer containing ammonium nitrogen is urea; the basic fertilizer for phosphorus is potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the basic fertilizer for potassium is potassium sulfate; the basic fertilizer for magnesium is magnesium sulfate; the manganese base fertilizer is manganese ethylene diamine tetraacetate; the base fertilizer for boron is boric acid; the iron-based fertilizer is iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate; the basic fertilizer of copper is copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate; the basic fertilizer of zinc is zinc ethylene diamine tetraacetate; the base fertilizer for molybdenum is ammonium molybdate.
A processing method of a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture comprises the following steps:
1) inspecting the purity and the content of harmful substances of each basic fertilizer; weighing the basic fertilizers according to the parts by weight after the basic fertilizers are qualified;
2) respectively crushing the base fertilizers in a crusher, wherein the crushed granularity is 0.3 mm, and rotationally mixing the base fertilizers in a drum mixer for 3 hours;
3) and (4) subpackaging the mixed base fertilizer in a dry environment to obtain the finished fertilizer.
Test example 1: strawberry application water element water-soluble fertilizer field demonstration test:
supplying and applying fertilizer: the water-soluble fertilizer + fertilizer B prepared in the manner of example 1;
when the water-soluble fertilizer is used, the water-soluble fertilizer and a fertilizer B are diluted with water according to a certain proportion to avoid the calcium deficiency of crops, and the basic fertilizer of the fertilizer B is calcium nitrate, and 6-10 parts of calcium.
Test work: strawberry
Demonstration test design: the method comprises the steps of planting 2250 red-color strawberries in a plastic greenhouse with a planting area of 320 square meters by using the water-soluble fertilizer in example 1, wherein the planting distance is 0.25 meter, planting the strawberries in Suzhou at the beginning of 9 months, blooming and fruit setting in the first 10 th month, the first harvest in the first 11 th month, the sugar content is 11-12% brix, the taste is sour and sweet, the weight of each fruit is 15-55 g, planting the strawberries to the bottom of 4 months, harvesting five continuous fruits by using a single plant, controlling the temperature to be 10-30 ℃, keeping the taste and quality of the five continuous fruits unchanged, enabling the total harvest quantity of the five fruits to reach 1300 kg, using 40 kg of the water-soluble fertilizer prepared in example 1 as an A fertilizer and 55 kg of a matched fertilizer B, controlling the EC value to be 1.2-1.4 and controlling the pH value to be 6.5-7.0.
Test example 2: water element water-soluble fertilizer field demonstration test for tomato application:
supplying and applying fertilizer: the water-soluble fertilizer + fertilizer B processed in the example 2 manner;
when the water-soluble fertilizer is used, the water-soluble fertilizer and a fertilizer B are diluted with water according to a certain proportion to avoid the calcium deficiency of crops, and the basic fertilizer of the fertilizer B is calcium nitrate, and 6-10 parts of calcium.
Test work: tomato
Demonstration test design: 6500 mini tomatoes are planted in a vinyl house with a planting area of 1500 square meters by adopting the water-soluble fertilizer in the embodiment 2, the planting distance is 0.3 meter, the substrate drip irrigation cultivation method is adopted, planting is carried out at the beginning of 9 months in Suzhou, fruits bloom and set at the beginning of 10 months, the first crop at the end of 11 months is fruited, brix is 8-10%, the taste is sweet, and the weight of a single fruit is 15-25 g. And (4) planting until the end of 6 months in the next year, harvesting 18 crops of fruits by a single plant, controlling the temperature to be 12-30 ℃, and enabling the total harvest quantity of the 18 crops to reach about 15 tons. The water-soluble fertilizer processed in the mode of the embodiment 2 in the whole growth period is used as fertilizer A by 100 kg, matched with fertilizer B by 150 kg, the EC value is controlled to be 1.2-1.4, and the pH value is controlled to be 6.5-7.0.
Test example 3: water element water-soluble fertilizer field demonstration test applied to watermelons:
supplying and applying fertilizer: the water-soluble fertilizer + fertilizer B prepared in example 3;
when the water-soluble fertilizer is used, the water-soluble fertilizer and a fertilizer B are diluted with water according to a certain proportion to avoid the calcium deficiency of crops, and the basic fertilizer of the fertilizer B is calcium nitrate, and 6-10 parts of calcium.
Test work: watermelon
Demonstration test design: 1500 watermelon plants, namely 'Zaojia 8424' watermelons are planted in a vinyl house with a planting area of 640 square meters by using the water-soluble fertilizer in the embodiment 3, the planting distance is 0.4 meter, the watermelons are planted in Suzhou at the beginning of 4 months by a matrix drip irrigation cultivation method, the watermelons bloom and set fruits at the beginning of 5 months, fruits are grown in the middle and ten days of 6 months, the sugar content is 11-12% brix, the taste is crisp and sweet, the moisture is large, and the weight of a single fruit is 3-5. The double-vine three-dimensional cultivation mode is characterized in that 3-4 fruits can be harvested from a single plant when the double-vine three-dimensional cultivation mode is planted to the bottom of 7 months, continuous cropping is carried out twice from the beginning of 4 months to the end of 10 months, the total harvest amount per mu reaches 5000 melons, the weight reaches about 45 tons, the water-soluble fertilizer processed in the embodiment 3 mode in the whole 7-month growth period is used as fertilizer A for 120 kg, matched with fertilizer B for 180 kg, the EC value is controlled to be 1.2-1.4, and the pH value is controlled to be 6.5-7.0.
Test example 4: water-element water-soluble fertilizer field demonstration test for leaf vegetables:
supplying and applying fertilizer: the water-soluble fertilizer + fertilizer B prepared in example 4;
when the water-soluble fertilizer is used, the water-soluble fertilizer and a fertilizer B are diluted with water according to a certain proportion to avoid the calcium deficiency of crops, and the basic fertilizer of the fertilizer B is calcium nitrate, and 6-10 parts of calcium.
Test work: leaf vegetable
Demonstration test design: 500 g of the water-soluble fertilizer of the embodiment 4 is adopted, 750 g of B fertilizer is added to be dissolved and diluted in 1000 liters of water to prepare 2000 times of diluted nutrient solution, the EC value is controlled to be 0.9-1.0, the pH value is controlled to be 6.5-7.0, the wrinkled-leaf lettuce is planted in a water culture mode, the seedling height is about 10 cm for field planting, LED plant illumination is added, the plant height reaches 22-24 cm after 20 days, the weight of a single plant is about 75 g, the taste is crisp and sweet, and the water content is large.
Through test examples 1-4, the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer disclosed by the invention has obvious effects on increasing the crop yield and improving the crop quality.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in all kinds of fields of application of the invention, and further modifications may readily be effected by those skilled in the art, so that the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
6.9-10.7 parts of nitrogen, 11-15 parts of phosphorus, 26-32 parts of potassium, 1-4 parts of magnesium, 0.15-0.30 part of manganese, 0.02-0.08 part of boron, 0.1-0.6 part of iron, 0.001-0.009 part of copper, 0.008-0.016 part of zinc and 0.005-0.015 part of molybdenum.
2. A macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 1, wherein said nitrogen element is added to the fertilizer in the form of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and ammonium humate; the mass ratio of the nitrate nitrogen to the ammonium humate is 60-90: 8-12: 1-5.
3. A macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 2, wherein said basic fertilizer containing nitrate nitrogen is one or more of potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate and magnesium nitrate.
4. A macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 2 wherein said base fertilizer containing ammonium nitrogen is urea.
5. Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 1, wherein said basic fertilizer for phosphorus is potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the basic fertilizer of the potassium is one or two of potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate; the basic fertilizer for magnesium is magnesium sulfate.
6. A macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 1, wherein said manganese base fertilizer is manganese ethylenediaminetetraacetate; the base fertilizer for boron is boric acid; the iron-based fertilizer is iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate.
7. A macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 1 wherein said basic fertilizer for copper is copper ethylenediaminetetraacetate; the basic fertilizer of zinc is zinc ethylene diamine tetraacetate; the molybdenum base fertilizer is ammonium molybdate.
8. A macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 1, further comprising 2-4 parts of triethanolamine, 0.5-1 part of yeast sugar, 1-3 parts of starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, 1-3 parts of threonine and 1-3 parts of cyanobacteria.
9. A processing method of a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) inspecting the purity and the content of harmful substances of each basic fertilizer; weighing the basic fertilizers according to the parts by weight after the basic fertilizers are qualified;
2) respectively crushing the basic fertilizers in a crusher, and rotationally mixing the basic fertilizers in a drum mixer for 1-3 hours;
3) and (4) subpackaging the mixed base fertilizer in a dry environment to obtain the finished fertilizer.
10. The processing method of a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 9, wherein the particle size of the crushed in step 2) is 0.1-0.3 mm.
CN201910482645.6A 2019-06-04 2019-06-04 Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer for soilless culture and processing method thereof Pending CN112028682A (en)

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Application publication date: 20201204