CN103274793A - Formula base fertilizer for apples, and application method thereof - Google Patents
Formula base fertilizer for apples, and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103274793A CN103274793A CN2013102279147A CN201310227914A CN103274793A CN 103274793 A CN103274793 A CN 103274793A CN 2013102279147 A CN2013102279147 A CN 2013102279147A CN 201310227914 A CN201310227914 A CN 201310227914A CN 103274793 A CN103274793 A CN 103274793A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a formula base fertilizer for apples, and an application method thereof. The effective components of the formula base fertilizer comprise a nitrogen fertilizer (by N), a phosphorus fertilizer (by P2O5), a potassium fertilizer (K2O) and organic matters, the mass percentage ratio of N to P2O5 to K2O to the organic matters is 13-15:5-7:10:20, the formula base fertilizer is applied in a radial ditch manner after the apples are harvested, and 0.52-0.87kg of N, 0.28-0.47kg of P2O5, 0.4-0.67kg of K2O and 0.8-1.34kg of the organic matters are applied to each apple tree, so the formula base fertilizer for apples has the advantages of appropriate N:P:K ratio, supplementation of the organic matters to soil, no soil nutrient loss, unbalance, surface source pollution or soil acidification, increase of the apple output, and increase of the incomes of peasants, and is suitable for the use in northern brown soil lands.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural fertilizer and fertilizing method thereof, particularly a kind of apple prescription base manure and application process of directly relating to is suitable for northern brown earth soil.
Background technology:
Chinese soil is divided into 12 classes by series takes place, and brown earth is one of them, and brown earth mainly is distributed in the Shandong Peninsula and the peninsula, Liaoning.
The problem that China's apple production fertilising in recent years exists is serious day by day, using of northern brunisolic soil apple prescription base manure on the ground particularly, and nutrient drops into uneven, and utilization rate of fertilizer is low; Peasant's phenomenon ubiquity that blindly applies fertilizer, mainly according to former years custom and fertilizer market value apply fertilizer; Fertilizing method is unreasonable, and fertilizing equipment does not match, and the deep application of fertilizer technology does not obtain big area and promotes, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are unreasonable, cause soil nutrient unbalance, and soil fertility descends; Utilization rate of fertilizer is not high, drop into to increase, and benefit reduces, and influences the raising of apple production and quality, and application process is improper, causes loss of soil nutrient, unbalance, pollution of area source, soil acidification more and more heavier.
Part peasant household only uses composite fertilizer (15-15-15) when using base manure for apple, though replenished nitrogen phosphorus potassium for like this apple and soil, replenish nutritive elements such as organic matter for apple and soil, can cause apple production to reduce, disease-resistant, pest-resistant power dies down, and disease and pest takes place easily; Apple prescription basal fertilizer applying method and site of administration be science not, adopts spread fertilizer over the fields more, and fertilizer loss is more, and utilization ratio reduces.
Summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention just provide a kind of nitrogen phosphorus potassium and organic proportioning proper, do not cause loss of soil nutrient, unbalance, pollution of area source, soil acidification, raising apple production, increase farmers' income, be suitable for the apple base manure in northern brown earth soil and use and application process.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of apple prescription base manure, its effective constituent comprises nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer and organic matter, it is characterized in that described nitrogenous fertilizer in the N element, described phosphate fertilizer is with P
2O
5Meter, described potash fertilizer is with K
2The O meter, described N:P
2O
5: K
2O: organic mass percent is 13-15:5-7:10:20.
N:P of the present invention
2O
5: K
2O: organic mass percent is 13:7:10:20.
Nitrogenous fertilizer of the present invention is urea, and the quality percentage composition that is specially N is 46% urea.
Phosphate fertilizer of the present invention is diammonium phosphate, is specially P
2O
5The quality percentage composition be 42%, the quality percentage composition of N is 15% diammonium phosphate.
Potash fertilizer of the present invention is vitriolate of tartar, is specially K
2The quality percentage composition of O is 50% vitriolate of tartar.
Organic matter of the present invention is become thoroughly decomposed to dry by the laying hen excrement and forms, and being specially the quality of organic matter percentage composition is 45% oven dry laying hen excrement.
The application process of apple of the present invention prescription base manure is behind the apple picking fruit 10 days, radial ditch spread around the apple trunk, and ditch depth is 20cm, with fertilizer and soil mixing, amount of application is N 0.52-0.87 kg/ strain, P after using
2O
50.28-0.47 the kg/ strain, K
2O 0.4-0.67 kg/ strain, organic matter is 0.8-1.34 kg/ strain.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
Owing to adopted rational nitrogen phosphorus potassium and organic proportioning, the soil has been carried out balance fertilizing, can improve the output of apple, improve the economic benefit of crop, output increases 3.2-12.8%, and every mu of benefit increases 368-654 unit, can alleviate the detrimentally affect that also final elimination caused because of lavishment fertilizer in the past, do not cause loss of soil nutrient, unbalance, pollution of area source, soil acidification, and can improve this season utilization ratio of fertilizer, and can reduce usage quantity significantly.
Owing to adopted optimum fertilizing method, radial ditch spread, ditch depth 20cm, after the fertilising that fertilizer and mixing with soil is even, can make root system of the apple fully absorb nutrient, set the branch of recuperating thereby play to supply, for the coming year apple high-yield and high-efficiency lay a solid foundation.
In a word, the present invention is according to the growth characteristics of apple, and prescription base manure applies fertilizer than peasant habit, improves fertilizer efficiency, promotes the apple tree bulk-growth, increases output.The present invention provides the fertilizer practice of a science for realizing the apple high-yield and high-efficiency, has significant effect of increasing production.
Embodiment:
The present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to following examples, and described method is ordinary method if no special instructions, and described starting material all can get from open commercial sources if no special instructions.
Embodiment 1,
In middle product field district, the soil nitrogen phosphorus potassium nutrition is suitable, according to N:P
2O
5: K
2O: organic mass percent is that 13:7:10:20 takes by weighing NPK fertilizers and chicken manure, and the quality percentage composition that takes by weighing N is 22.8 kilograms in 46% urea, P
2O
5The quality percentage composition be 42%, the quality percentage composition of N is 16.7 kilograms of 15% diammonium phosphate, K
2The quality percentage composition of O is 20 kilograms of 50% vitriolate of tartar, the quality of organic matter percentage composition is 40 kilograms in 50% oven dry laying hen excrement, mixing of materials is evenly obtained 100 kilograms of apple prescription base manure, these materials can be used on the 20 strain best fruiting period (the 10-20 age of tree) apple trees, the nutrient content of namely using is 0.65 kilogram/strain of N, P
2O
50.35 kilogram/strain, K
20.5 kilogram/strain of O, organic matter are 1 kilogram/strain.
Method of application: after apple is gathered, radial this prescription of ditch spread base manure, ditch depth is 20cm, after using with fertilizer and soil mixing.
It is the composite fertilizer of 15-15-15 that nitrogen phosphorus potassium mass percent is then used in the peasant habit fertilising, and consumption is 0.65 kilogram/strain of N, P
2O
50.65 kilogram/strain, K
20.65 kilogram/strain of O, application process are that spread fertilizer over the fields on the face of land.
Illustrate: the fertilizer that apple is used other breeding times is consistent with the peasant habit fertilising.
Apple harvesting time in the coming year, investigate the peasant habit fertilising and use prescription base manure to the influence of apple production and benefit, result such as following table:
Compare with the peasant habit fertilising, use prescription base manure of the present invention, the output of apple significantly increases, and output increases by 6.2%, and the average price of nearly 3 years apples is 2 yuan/jin, and every mu of benefit (apple fruit output deducts fertilizer and drops into) increases by 368 yuan.
Embodiment 2,
In the low-yield land area, the soil nitrogen phosphorus potassium nutrition is low, according to N:P
2O
5: K
2O: organic mass percent is that 13:7:10:20 takes by weighing NPK fertilizers and chicken manure, and the quality percentage composition that takes by weighing N is 22.8 kilograms in 46% urea, P
2O
5The quality percentage composition be 42%, the quality percentage composition of N is 16.7 kilograms of 15% diammonium phosphate, K
2The quality percentage composition of O is 20 kilograms of 50% vitriolate of tartar, the quality of organic matter percentage composition is 40 kilograms in 50% oven dry laying hen excrement, mixing of materials is evenly obtained 100 kilograms of apple prescription base manure, these materials can be used on the 15 strain best fruiting period (the 10-20 age of tree) apple trees, the nutrient content of namely using is 0.87 kilogram/strain of N, P
2O
50.47 kilogram/strain, K
20.67 kilogram/strain of O, organic matter are 1.34 kilograms/strain.
Method of application: after apple is gathered, radial this prescription of ditch spread base manure, ditch depth is 20cm, after using with fertilizer and soil mixing.
It is the composite fertilizer of 15-15-15 that nitrogen phosphorus potassium mass percent is then used in the peasant habit fertilising, and consumption is 0.87 kilogram/strain of N, P
2O
50.87 kilogram/strain, K
20.87 kilogram/strain of O, application process are that spread fertilizer over the fields on the face of land.
Illustrate: the fertilizer that apple is used other breeding times is consistent with the peasant habit fertilising.
Apple harvesting time in the coming year, investigate the peasant habit fertilising and use prescription base manure to the influence of apple production and benefit, result such as following table:
Compare with the peasant habit fertilising, use prescription base manure of the present invention, the output of apple significantly increases, and output increases by 12.8%, and the average price of nearly 3 years apples is 2 yuan/jin, and every mu of benefit (apple fruit output deducts fertilizer and drops into) increases by 654 yuan.
Embodiment 3,
In the area, high-yield field, soil nitrogen phosphorus potassium nutrition height is according to N:P
2O
5: K
2O: organic mass percent is that 13:7:10:20 takes by weighing NPK fertilizers and chicken manure, and the quality percentage composition that takes by weighing N is 22.8 kilograms in 46% urea, P
2O
5The quality percentage composition be 42%, the quality percentage composition of N is 16.7 kilograms of 15% diammonium phosphate, K
2The quality percentage composition of O is 20 kilograms of 50% vitriolate of tartar, the quality of organic matter percentage composition is 40 kilograms in 50% oven dry laying hen excrement, mixing of materials is evenly obtained 100 kilograms of apple prescription base manure, these materials can be used on the 25 strain best fruiting period (the 10-20 age of tree) apple trees, the nutrient content of namely using is 0.52 kilogram/strain of N, P
2O
50.28 kilogram/strain, K
20.4 kilogram/strain of O, organic matter are 0.8 kilogram/strain.
Method of application: after apple is gathered, radial this prescription of ditch spread base manure, ditch depth is 20cm, after using with fertilizer and soil mixing.
It is the composite fertilizer of 15-15-15 that nitrogen phosphorus potassium mass percent is then used in the peasant habit fertilising, and consumption is 0.52 kilogram/strain of N, P
2O
50.52 kilogram/strain, K
20.52 kilogram/strain of O, application process are that spread fertilizer over the fields on the face of land.
Illustrate: the fertilizer that apple is used other breeding times is consistent with the peasant habit fertilising.
Apple harvesting time in the coming year, investigate the peasant habit fertilising and use prescription base manure to the influence of apple production and benefit, result such as following table:
Compare with the peasant habit fertilising, use prescription base manure of the present invention, the output of apple significantly increases, and output increases by 3.2%, and the average price of nearly 3 years apples is 2 yuan/jin, and every mu of benefit (apple fruit output deducts fertilizer and drops into) increases by 417 yuan.
Claims (7)
1. apple prescription base manure, its effective constituent comprises nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and organic matter, it is characterized in that described nitrogenous fertilizer in the N element, described phosphate fertilizer is with P
2O
5Meter, described potash fertilizer is with K
2The O meter, described N:P
2O
5: K
2O: organic mass percent is 13-15:5-7:10:20.
2. apple prescription base manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described N:P
2O
5: K
2O: organic mass percent is 13:7:10:20.
3. apple prescription base manure according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, and the quality percentage composition that is specially N is 46% urea.
4. apple prescription base manure according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate, is specially P
2O
5The quality percentage composition be 42%, the quality percentage composition of N is 15% diammonium phosphate.
5. apple prescription base manure according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described potash fertilizer is vitriolate of tartar, is specially K
2The quality percentage composition of O is 50% vitriolate of tartar.
6. apple according to claim 1 and 2 prescription base manure is characterized in that described organic matter is provided by the laying hen excrement that becomes thoroughly decomposed of oven dry, is specially organic quality percentage composition and is 50% the oven dry laying hen excrement that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
7. by the application process of the described apple prescription of claim 1 base manure, it is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps: apple was gathered back 10 days, radial ditch spread, and ditch depth is 20cm, amount of application is N 0.52-0.87 kg/ strain, P
2O
50.28-0.47 the kg/ strain, K
2O 0.4-0.67 kg/ strain, organic matter is 0.8-1.34 kg/ strain.
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013102279147A CN103274793A (en) | 2013-06-08 | 2013-06-08 | Formula base fertilizer for apples, and application method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013102279147A CN103274793A (en) | 2013-06-08 | 2013-06-08 | Formula base fertilizer for apples, and application method thereof |
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Family
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103880508A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-25 | 西北农林科技大学 | Fertilizer for drought slope apple and preparation method of fertilizer |
| CN103931463A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-07-23 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Integration fruit tree fertilizing method utilizing discarded mushroom dregs |
| CN104770127A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-15 | 山东农业大学 | Fertilizing method for improving fruit nutritional quality and fragrance of Fuji apples |
| CN109081721A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-12-25 | 烟台市农业技术推广中心(烟台市国际农发基金项目管理办公室） | A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation |
| CN110028344A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-19 | 陇东学院 | A kind of apple Novel balance fertilizer application formula and its preparation method |
| CN110790610A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-14 | 武汉绿舟生态肥料有限公司 | Special basal application set fertilizer for fruit trees |
| CN115093293A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-23 | 中国农业大学 | Special package fertilizer for apple trees |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103880508A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-25 | 西北农林科技大学 | Fertilizer for drought slope apple and preparation method of fertilizer |
| CN103880508B (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2016-04-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of arid hillside field apple specialing fertilizer material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103931463A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-07-23 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Integration fruit tree fertilizing method utilizing discarded mushroom dregs |
| CN104770127A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-15 | 山东农业大学 | Fertilizing method for improving fruit nutritional quality and fragrance of Fuji apples |
| CN109081721A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-12-25 | 烟台市农业技术推广中心(烟台市国际农发基金项目管理办公室） | A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation |
| CN110028344A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-19 | 陇东学院 | A kind of apple Novel balance fertilizer application formula and its preparation method |
| CN110790610A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-14 | 武汉绿舟生态肥料有限公司 | Special basal application set fertilizer for fruit trees |
| CN115093293A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-23 | 中国农业大学 | Special package fertilizer for apple trees |
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Application publication date: 20130904 |