CN107750875B - Planting method for shortening growth period of bighead atractylodes rhizome - Google Patents

Planting method for shortening growth period of bighead atractylodes rhizome Download PDF

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CN107750875B
CN107750875B CN201710896054.4A CN201710896054A CN107750875B CN 107750875 B CN107750875 B CN 107750875B CN 201710896054 A CN201710896054 A CN 201710896054A CN 107750875 B CN107750875 B CN 107750875B
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atractylodes rhizome
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sesame
bighead atractylodes
peanut
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CN107750875A (en
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路庆军
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Jieshou Qingjun Family Farm
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02Superphosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00Fertilisers containing potassium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity

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  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention mainly relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting, and discloses a planting method for shortening the growing period of bighead atractylodes rhizome, which comprises the following steps: sowing, primary topdressing, secondary topdressing, spraying and harvesting; the soil is fully utilized, the acre yield of the bighead atractylodes rhizome reaches 329.3kg, the growth period is shortened by 30-40 days, the sesame and the peanuts can be harvested, the land utilization rate and the land yield are obviously improved, and the economic income is improved by 21.7%; the white atractylodes rhizome, the sesame and the peanut are interplanted in sequence during the sowing of the white atractylodes rhizome, the sowing time of the white atractylodes rhizome is delayed compared with that of the traditional planting, the sesame and the peanut are advanced compared with that of the traditional planting, the row spacing of the white atractylodes rhizome, the sesame, the peanut and the white atractylodes rhizome is gradually increased, the three plants can fully absorb nutrient substances, the nutrient components in soil are coordinately absorbed, the growth of the three plants is promoted, meanwhile, the white atractylodes rhizome can be fully shaded by the sesame, the survival rate of the white art seedlings is improved, and the survival rate reaches 98.4%.

Description

Planting method for shortening growth period of bighead atractylodes rhizome
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting, in particular to a planting method for shortening the growing period of bighead atractylodes rhizome.
Background
The white atractylodes rhizome is used as a medicine, and has the effects of enhancing physique, promoting urination, reducing blood sugar, promoting gastrointestinal function, promoting hematopoiesis, protecting heart and cerebral vessels, promoting protein synthesis, resisting bacteria, diminishing inflammation and tumors, and the like, and is widely planted in China.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a planting method for shortening the growing period of the bighead atractylodes rhizome.
A planting method for shortening the growing period of bighead atractylodes rhizome comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing: in late ten days of 4 months, deeply turning the soil by 30-40 cm, raking finely, drilling the bighead atractylodes rhizome seeds, wherein the seeding amount is 80-82 kg per hectare, seeding peanuts after 2-3 days, and then seeding sesame after 5-6 days, wherein the seeding amount of the sesame is reduced by 13-15% compared with that of the traditional single seeding amount, so that the three plants can fully absorb nutrient substances, the nutrient components of the soil are fully utilized, the nutrition required by the bighead atractylodes rhizome seedlings is extremely small, the nutrient components required by the sesame and the peanuts are more, the nutrient components of the soil are coordinately absorbed, the growth of the three plants is promoted, meanwhile, the sesame can fully shade the bighead atractylodes rhizome, the survival rate of the white art seedlings is improved, and a set of planting fields are obtained;
(2) primary topdressing: when the height of largehead atractylodes rhizome seedlings is 8-10 cm, organic fertilizer is spread between sesame and peanut rows, the spreading amount is 400-500 kg/mu, and small water is poured after spreading, so that the peanuts and the sesame are promoted to absorb nutrient components, the growth is accelerated, a good sun-shading effect is achieved on the largehead atractylodes rhizome, the largehead atractylodes rhizome is prevented from being sunburned, and the growth speed of the largehead atractylodes rhizome is increased;
(3) secondary topdressing: in the last 8 th month, thinning flowers of white atractylodes rhizome, spreading quick-acting fertilizer to the interplant field after thinning flowers, wherein the spreading amount is 35-40 kg/mu, watering after spreading to promote the three plants to sit flowers and fruit so as to enable the fruits to be full, and meanwhile, the falling flowers of the bighead atractylodes rhizome and the sesame can promote the growth of fruit needles in the flowers of the peanuts, so that the setting rate and the fullness rate of the peanuts are improved;
(4) spraying: spraying sodium selenite solution with the mass concentration of 0.04-0.06% to white atractylodes rhizome in the last ten days of 8 months, continuously spraying for 2 times, wherein the interval time of 2 times is 8-10 days, promoting the absorption of the white atractylodes rhizome to nutrient components, accelerating the expansion of roots and improving the yield of the white atractylodes rhizome; after the sesame and the peanuts are ripe, the sun-shading effect on the bighead atractylodes rhizome is reduced, the maturity of the bighead atractylodes rhizome is promoted, and the harvesting period is obviously advanced;
(5) harvesting: after the sesame and the peanuts are harvested, the bighead atractylodes rhizome can be harvested.
And (2) sowing in the step (1), sequentially arranging the bighead atractylodes rhizome, the sesame and the peanuts from right to left, wherein the row spacing between the bighead atractylodes rhizome and the sesame is 15-17 cm, the row spacing between the sesame and the peanuts is 21-23 cm, and the row spacing between the peanuts and the bighead atractylodes rhizome is 32-34 cm.
The organic fertilizer in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52-54 parts of corn straw, 43-45 parts of sesame straw, 31-33 parts of peanut vine, 27-29 parts of pig manure, 21-23 parts of edible fungus culture medium, 15-17 parts of fallen leaves, 11-13 parts of sawdust, 13-15 parts of leftovers of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 6-8 parts of plant ash and 3-5 parts of EM (effective microorganism) bacteria.
The leftovers of the white atractylodes rhizome are one or a random combination of overground stems and leaves of the white atractylodes rhizome and flowers of the white atractylodes rhizome.
The quick-acting fertilizer in the step (3) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 33-35 parts of urea, 26-28 parts of calcium superphosphate, 21-23 parts of potassium chloride, 5-7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2.6-2.8 parts of manganese sulfate and 1.1-1.3 parts of zinc sulfate.
The bighead atractylodes rhizome is planted by the planting method for shortening the growing period of the bighead atractylodes rhizome.
The invention has the advantages that: according to the planting method for shortening the growing period of the bighead atractylodes rhizome, provided by the invention, soil is fully utilized, the acre yield of the bighead atractylodes rhizome reaches 329.3kg, the growing period is shortened by 30-40 days, sesame and peanuts can be harvested, the land utilization rate and the land yield are obviously improved, and the economic income is improved by 21.7%; the white atractylodes rhizome, the sesame and the peanut are interplanted in sequence during sowing of the white atractylodes rhizome, the sowing time of the white atractylodes rhizome is delayed compared with that of the traditional planting, the sesame and the peanut are advanced compared with that of the traditional planting, the row spacing of the white atractylodes rhizome, the sesame, the peanut and the white atractylodes rhizome is gradually increased, nutrient substances can be fully absorbed by the three plants, the nutrient components of soil are fully utilized, the nutrition required by white atractylodes rhizome seedlings is very little, the nutrient components required by the sesame and the peanut are more, the nutrient components of the soil are coordinately absorbed, the growth of the three plants are promoted, meanwhile, the white atractylodes rhizome can be fully shaded by the sesame, the survival rate of the white atractylodes rhizome seedlings is improved; organic fertilizer is spread between the sesame and the peanut lines during the primary topdressing, so that the peanut and the sesame are promoted to absorb nutrient components, the growth is accelerated, a better sun-shading effect is achieved on the white atractylodes rhizome, the white atractylodes rhizome is prevented from being sunburned, and the growth speed of the white atractylodes rhizome is increased; after the flowers of the bighead atractylodes rhizome are thinned, quick-acting fertilizer is spread to the whole interplanting field, flower setting and fruit setting of the three plants are promoted, the fruits are full, meanwhile, the flowers of the bighead atractylodes rhizome and the sesame can promote the growth of fruit needles in peanut flowers, and the maturing rate and the full rate of peanuts are improved; after the largehead atractylodes rhizome is fruited in the last ten days, sodium selenite solution is sprayed to the white atractylodes rhizome twice continuously, so that the absorption of the largehead atractylodes rhizome to nutrient components is promoted, the expansion of roots is accelerated, and the yield of the largehead atractylodes rhizome is improved; after the sesame and the peanuts are ripe, the sun-shading effect on the bighead atractylodes rhizome is reduced, the maturity of the bighead atractylodes rhizome is promoted, and the harvesting period is obviously advanced.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
A planting method for shortening the growing period of bighead atractylodes rhizome comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing: in late ten days of 4 months, deeply turning the soil by 30-40 cm, raking finely, drilling the bighead atractylodes rhizome seeds, wherein the seeding amount is 80-82 kg per hectare, seeding peanuts after 2 days, and then seeding sesames 5 days after the bighead atractylodes rhizome seeds, wherein the seeding amount of the sesames is reduced by 13 percent compared with that of the traditional single seeding amount, so that the three plants can fully absorb nutrient substances, the nutrient components of the soil are fully utilized, the nutrition required by bighead atractylodes rhizome seedlings is extremely small, the nutrient components required by the sesames and the peanuts are more, the nutrient components of the soil are coordinately absorbed, the growth of the three plants is promoted, meanwhile, the sesames can fully shade the bighead atractylodes rhizome, the survival rate of the white art seedlings is improved, and a; the sowing is sequentially carried out by the white atractylodes rhizome, the sesame and the peanut from right to left, the line spacing of the white atractylodes rhizome and the sesame is 15-17 cm, the line spacing of the sesame and the peanut is 21-23 cm, and the line spacing of the peanut and the white atractylodes rhizome is 32-34 cm;
(2) primary topdressing: when the height of largehead atractylodes rhizome seedlings is 8-10 cm, organic fertilizer is spread between the sesame and the peanut rows, the spreading amount is 400 kg/mu, and small water is poured after spreading, so that the peanuts and the sesame are promoted to absorb nutrient components, the growth is accelerated, a good sun-shading effect is achieved on the largehead atractylodes rhizome, the largehead atractylodes rhizome is prevented from being sunburned, and the growth speed of the largehead atractylodes rhizome is increased; the organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: corn straw 52, sesame straw 43, peanut vine 31, pig manure 27, edible fungus culture medium 21, fallen leaves 15, sawdust 11, leftovers of rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae 13, plant ash 6 and EM (effective microorganism) 3; the leftovers of the white atractylodes rhizome are one or a random combination of overground stems and leaves of the white atractylodes rhizome and flowers of the white atractylodes rhizome;
(3) secondary topdressing: in the last 8 th month, thinning flowers of white atractylodes rhizome, spreading quick-acting fertilizer to the interplant field after thinning flowers, wherein the spreading amount is 35 kg/mu, watering after spreading to promote the three plants to sit flowers and fruit so as to enable the fruits to be full, and meanwhile, the flower falling of the bighead atractylodes rhizome and the sesame can promote the growth of fruit needles in the flowers of the peanuts, so that the setting rate and the fullness rate of the peanuts are improved; the quick-acting fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: urea 33, calcium superphosphate 26, potassium chloride 21, ferrous sulfate 5, manganese sulfate 2.6 and zinc sulfate 1.1;
(4) spraying: spraying 0.04% sodium selenite solution to Atractylodes macrocephala in late 8-month ten days for 2 times at intervals of 8 days, so as to promote absorption of nutritional ingredients by Atractylodes macrocephala, accelerate root expansion and increase yield of Atractylodes macrocephala; after the sesame and the peanuts are ripe, the sun-shading effect on the bighead atractylodes rhizome is reduced, the maturity of the bighead atractylodes rhizome is promoted, and the harvesting period is obviously advanced;
(5) harvesting: after the sesame and the peanuts are harvested, the bighead atractylodes rhizome can be harvested.
The bighead atractylodes rhizome is planted by the planting method for shortening the growing period of the bighead atractylodes rhizome.
Example 2
A planting method for shortening the growing period of bighead atractylodes rhizome comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing: in late ten days of 4 months, deeply turning the soil by 30-40 cm, raking finely, drilling the bighead atractylodes rhizome seeds, wherein the seeding amount is 80-82 kg per hectare, seeding peanuts after 2 days, and then seeding sesames 6 days after the bighead atractylodes rhizome seeds, wherein the seeding amount of the sesames is reduced by 14 percent compared with that of the traditional single seeding amount, so that the three plants can fully absorb nutrient substances, the nutrient components of the soil are fully utilized, the nutrition required by bighead atractylodes rhizome seedlings is extremely small, the nutrient components required by the sesames and the peanuts are more, the nutrient components of the soil are coordinately absorbed, the growth of the three plants is promoted, meanwhile, the sesames can fully shade the bighead atractylodes rhizome, the survival rate of the white art seedlings is improved, and a; the sowing is sequentially carried out by the white atractylodes rhizome, the sesame and the peanut from right to left, the line spacing of the white atractylodes rhizome and the sesame is 15-17 cm, the line spacing of the sesame and the peanut is 21-23 cm, and the line spacing of the peanut and the white atractylodes rhizome is 32-34 cm;
(2) primary topdressing: when the height of largehead atractylodes rhizome seedlings is 8-10 cm, organic fertilizer is spread between the sesame and the peanut rows, the spreading amount is 450 kg/mu, and small water is poured after spreading, so that the peanuts and the sesame are promoted to absorb nutrient components, the growth is accelerated, a good sun-shading effect is achieved on the largehead atractylodes rhizome, the largehead atractylodes rhizome is prevented from being sunburned, and the growth speed of the largehead atractylodes rhizome is increased; the organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 53 parts of corn straw, 44 parts of sesame straw, 32 parts of peanut vine, 28 parts of pig manure, 22 parts of edible fungus culture medium, 16 parts of fallen leaves, 12 parts of sawdust, 14 parts of leftovers of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 7 parts of plant ash and 4 parts of EM (effective microorganism) fungus; the leftovers of the white atractylodes rhizome are one or a random combination of overground stems and leaves of the white atractylodes rhizome and flowers of the white atractylodes rhizome;
(3) secondary topdressing: in the last 8 th month, thinning flowers of white atractylodes rhizome, spreading quick-acting fertilizer to the interplant field after thinning flowers, wherein the spreading amount is 38 kg/mu, watering after spreading to promote the three plants to sit flowers and fruit so as to enable the fruits to be full, and meanwhile, the flower falling of the bighead atractylodes rhizome and the sesame can promote the growth of fruit needles in the flowers of the peanuts, so that the setting rate and the fullness rate of the peanuts are improved; the quick-acting fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: urea 34, calcium superphosphate 27, potassium chloride 22, ferrous sulfate 6, manganese sulfate 2.7 and zinc sulfate 1.2;
(4) spraying: spraying 0.05% sodium selenite solution to Atractylodes macrocephala in late 8-month ten days for 2 times at intervals of 9 days, so as to promote absorption of nutritional ingredients by Atractylodes macrocephala, accelerate root expansion and increase yield of Atractylodes macrocephala; after the sesame and the peanuts are ripe, the sun-shading effect on the bighead atractylodes rhizome is reduced, the maturity of the bighead atractylodes rhizome is promoted, and the harvesting period is obviously advanced;
(5) harvesting: after the sesame and the peanuts are harvested, the bighead atractylodes rhizome can be harvested.
The bighead atractylodes rhizome is planted by the planting method for shortening the growing period of the bighead atractylodes rhizome.
Example 3
A planting method for shortening the growing period of bighead atractylodes rhizome comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing: in late ten days of 4 months, deeply turning the soil by 30-40 cm, raking finely, drilling the bighead atractylodes rhizome seeds, wherein the seeding amount is 80-82 kg per hectare, 3 days later, sowing peanuts, 6 days later, sowing sesame, and the seeding amount of the sesame is reduced by 15 percent compared with that of the traditional single seeding amount, so that the three plants can fully absorb nutrient substances, the nutrient components of the soil are fully utilized, the nutrients required by the bighead atractylodes rhizome seedlings are extremely few, the nutrients required by the sesame and the peanuts are more, the nutrient components of the soil are coordinately absorbed, the growth of the three plants is promoted, meanwhile, the sesame can fully shade the bighead atractylodes rhizome, the survival rate of the white art seedlings is improved, and a interplanting field is obtained; the sowing is sequentially carried out by the white atractylodes rhizome, the sesame and the peanut from right to left, the line spacing of the white atractylodes rhizome and the sesame is 15-17 cm, the line spacing of the sesame and the peanut is 21-23 cm, and the line spacing of the peanut and the white atractylodes rhizome is 32-34 cm;
(2) primary topdressing: when the height of largehead atractylodes rhizome seedlings is 8-10 cm, organic fertilizer is spread between the sesame and the peanut rows, the spreading amount is 500 kg/mu, and small water is poured after spreading, so that the peanuts and the sesame are promoted to absorb nutrient components, the growth is accelerated, a good sun-shading effect is achieved on the largehead atractylodes rhizome, the largehead atractylodes rhizome is prevented from being sunburned, and the growth speed of the largehead atractylodes rhizome is increased; the organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 54 parts of corn straw, 45 parts of sesame straw, 33 parts of peanut vine, 29 parts of pig manure, 23 parts of an edible fungus culture medium, 17 parts of fallen leaves, 13 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of leftovers of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 8 parts of plant ash and 5 parts of EM (effective microorganisms); the leftovers of the white atractylodes rhizome are one or a random combination of overground stems and leaves of the white atractylodes rhizome and flowers of the white atractylodes rhizome;
(3) secondary topdressing: in the last 8 th month, thinning flowers of white atractylodes rhizome, spreading quick-acting fertilizer to the interplant field after thinning flowers, wherein the spreading amount is 40 kg/mu, watering after spreading to promote the three plants to sit flowers and fruit so as to enable the fruits to be full, and meanwhile, the flower falling of the bighead atractylodes rhizome and the sesame can promote the growth of fruit needles in the flowers of the peanuts, so that the setting rate and the fullness rate of the peanuts are improved; the quick-acting fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of urea, 28 parts of calcium superphosphate, 23 parts of potassium chloride, 7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2.8 parts of manganese sulfate and 1.3 parts of zinc sulfate;
(4) spraying: spraying 0.06% sodium selenite solution to Atractylodes macrocephala in late 8-month ten days for 2 times at intervals of 10 days, so as to promote absorption of nutritional ingredients by Atractylodes macrocephala, accelerate root expansion and increase yield of Atractylodes macrocephala; after the sesame and the peanuts are ripe, the sun-shading effect on the bighead atractylodes rhizome is reduced, the maturity of the bighead atractylodes rhizome is promoted, and the harvesting period is obviously advanced;
(5) harvesting: after the sesame and the peanuts are harvested, the bighead atractylodes rhizome can be harvested.
The bighead atractylodes rhizome is planted by the planting method for shortening the growing period of the bighead atractylodes rhizome.
Comparative example 1
The sesame in the step (1) was removed, and the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Comparative example 2
Removing the peanuts in the step (1), and carrying out the same method as the example 1.
Comparative example 3
The method is the same as the example 1 except that the organic fertilizer is scattered between the sesame and the peanut rows in the step (2).
Comparative example 4
And (3) removing the largehead atractylodes rhizome seedlings to be treated in the step (2) by 8-10 cm, and performing the other methods in the same way as the example 1.
Comparative example 5
The method is the same as the embodiment 1 except that the last 8 th month in the step (3) is changed to last 8 th month.
Comparative example 6
The quick-acting fertilizer in the step (3) is changed into the traditional nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and the other methods are the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 7
The method is the same as the embodiment 1 except that the last 8 th month in the step (4) is changed to the last 9 th month.
Comparative example 8
The sodium selenite solution in step (4) was removed and the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 9
The existing traditional planting method of the bighead atractylodes rhizome.
Planting effects of the methods for planting atractylodes macrocephala koidz in examples and comparative examples:
in Anhui province, the largehead atractylodes rhizome is sowed according to the method of the embodiment and the method of the comparative example respectively, each group is 1 mu, planting management is carried out according to the method of the embodiment and the method of the comparative example after sowing, the test time is 3 years, the largehead atractylodes rhizome acre yield (dry weight), the growing period, the sesame acre yield and the peanut acre yield (fresh weight) are recorded, and the planting effect of the largehead atractylodes rhizome planting method of the embodiment and the method of the comparative example is shown in table.
Table 1: planting effect of planting method of bighead atractylodes rhizome in examples and comparative examples
Item Yield of largehead atractylodes rhizome/(kg/mu) Growth period of white atractylodes rhizome/(d) Sesame mu yield/(kg/mu) Peanut mu yield/(kg/mu)
Example 1 326.7 201 53.3 236.4
Example 2 329.3 191 55.7 239.6
Example 3 327.5 197 54.6 237.5
Comparative example 1 335.2 218 264.9
Comparative example 2 341.6 214 65.2
Comparative example 3 303.3 192 41.7 196.3
Comparative example 4 313.5 193 47.3 213.6
Comparative example 5 307.4 195 43.8 202.2
Comparative example 6 311.7 193 45.4 212.4
Comparative example 7 309.6 221 47.7 214.5
Comparative example 8 281.4 184 51.6 221.7
Comparative example 9 363.5 231 83.3 384.2
The results in table 1 show that the planting method for shortening the growth period of the bighead atractylodes rhizome in the embodiment has the advantages that the acre yield (dry weight) of the bighead atractylodes rhizome, the acre yield of sesame and the acre yield (fresh weight) of peanuts are obviously higher than those of the comparative example, and the growth period of the bighead atractylodes rhizome is obviously shorter than that of the comparative example, so that the planting method for shortening the growth period of the bighead atractylodes rhizome provided by the invention has a good planting.

Claims (5)

1. A planting method for shortening the growing period of bighead atractylodes rhizome is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) sowing: in late ten days of 4 months, deeply turning the soil by 30-40 cm, raking to be fine, drilling the bighead atractylodes rhizome seeds, wherein the seeding rate is 80-82 kg per hectare, seeding peanuts after 2-3 days, and then seeding sesames after 5-6 days, wherein the seeding rate of the sesames is reduced by 13-15% compared with that of the conventional single seeding rate, so that a interplanting field is obtained;
(2) primary topdressing: when the height of largehead atractylodes rhizome seedlings is 8-10 cm, spreading an organic fertilizer between sesame and peanut rows, wherein the spreading amount is 400-500 kg/mu, and watering small water after spreading;
(3) secondary topdressing: in the last ten days of 8 months, thinning flowers of white atractylodes rhizome, spreading quick-acting fertilizer to the interplanted field after thinning flowers, wherein the spreading amount is 35-40 kg/mu, and watering with large water after spreading;
(4) spraying: spraying sodium selenite solution with the mass concentration of 0.04-0.06% to the white atractylodes rhizome in the last ten days of 8 months, and continuously spraying for 2 times, wherein the interval time of 2 times is 8-10 days;
(5) harvesting: after the sesame and the peanuts are harvested, the bighead atractylodes rhizome can be harvested.
2. The planting method for shortening the growing period of bighead atractylodes rhizome according to claim 1, wherein the sowing in the step (1) comprises the steps of bighead atractylodes rhizome, sesame and peanut from right to left, the row spacing of the bighead atractylodes rhizome and the sesame is 15-17 cm, the row spacing of the sesame and the peanut is 21-23 cm, and the row spacing of the peanut and the bighead atractylodes rhizome is 32-34 cm.
3. The planting method for shortening the growth period of bighead atractylodes rhizome according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer in step (2) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52-54 parts of corn straw, 43-45 parts of sesame straw, 31-33 parts of peanut vine, 27-29 parts of pig manure, 21-23 parts of edible fungus culture medium, 15-17 parts of fallen leaves, 11-13 parts of sawdust, 13-15 parts of leftovers of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 6-8 parts of plant ash and 3-5 parts of EM (effective microorganism) bacteria.
4. The planting method for shortening the growing period of bighead atractylodes rhizome according to claim 3, wherein the leftovers of bighead atractylodes rhizome are one or a combination of two of overground stems and leaves of bighead atractylodes rhizome and flowers of bighead atractylodes rhizome.
5. The planting method for shortening the growth period of bighead atractylodes rhizome according to claim 1, wherein the quick-acting fertilizer in step (3) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 33-35 parts of urea, 26-28 parts of calcium superphosphate, 21-23 parts of potassium chloride, 5-7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2.6-2.8 parts of manganese sulfate and 1.1-1.3 parts of zinc sulfate.
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