CN109792919A - A kind of soil regulation method preventing cherry orchard soil degradation - Google Patents

A kind of soil regulation method preventing cherry orchard soil degradation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109792919A
CN109792919A CN201910233412.2A CN201910233412A CN109792919A CN 109792919 A CN109792919 A CN 109792919A CN 201910233412 A CN201910233412 A CN 201910233412A CN 109792919 A CN109792919 A CN 109792919A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
mus
cherry
time
cherry orchard
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CN201910233412.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙瑶
张培苹
李建波
马金昭
孙强生
李艳红
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Yantai Agricultural Technology Extension Center (yantai International Fund For Agricultural Development Project Management Office)
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Yantai Agricultural Technology Extension Center (yantai International Fund For Agricultural Development Project Management Office)
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Priority to CN201910233412.2A priority Critical patent/CN109792919A/en
Publication of CN109792919A publication Critical patent/CN109792919A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of soil for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation to regulate and control method, including timesharing machine applies suitable chemical fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer, plants sward and irrigates suitable water.The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention regulates and controls cherry Orchard Soil using " liquid manure optimization+sward " mode, cherry orchard assessing index can be effectively improved, optimize sweet cherry irrigation technique, it keeps cherry orchard water and soil reasonable, solves the problems, such as that current cherry orchard causes cherry yield and mouthfeel to decline because of soil quality decline.

Description

A kind of soil regulation method preventing cherry orchard soil degradation
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural cultivation field more particularly to a kind of soil regulation sides for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation Method.
Background technique
The northern area of China will start to cultivate cherry in the end of the year 70 of 19th century, have more than 140 years history.Cherry is China's weight Efficient, the characteristic, pillar agricultural industry wanted.But since blindness is larger and excessive velocities, cherry orchard soil management at present In be faced with many urgent problems to be solved.First is that soil management level error, most cherry orchard land occupation condition gaps are big, soil compared with It is barren, the content of organic matter is low;Second is that the predatory management mode such as high density, Super-high-yielding leads to soil acidification;Third is that fertilising kind Class is unreasonable to cause soil texture destruction, fertilizer conservation water storage capacity poor.There are soil applications to lack one for cherry orchard soil management technology Fixed scientific basis, organic nutrient insufficient investment, chemical fertilizer investment is excessive, and organic fertilizer application is insufficient, and liquid manure supply is uneven, soil Moisture is hard to keep, and soil regulation measure falls behind, and orchard worker is time-consuming laborious, affect plantation cherry comprehensive production capacity and Sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
For the present invention aiming at the problem that existing cherry Orchard Soil lacks scientific management, providing one kind prevents cherry orchard soil degradation Soil regulate and control method.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that a kind of soil regulation for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation Method, which comprises the steps of:
1) it determines the usage amount of chemical fertilizer: N 31.66kg, P need to be used according to cherry per acre2O5 10.61kg、K2O 24.8kg into Row fertilising;
2) usage amount of biological organic fertilizer is determined: by application biological organic fertilizer amount 5-10kg/ every time, respectively in the budding period It applies fertilizer twice with after fruit harvesting;
3) plant sward: in August-September away from the sowing hairy vetch in the ranks other than trunk 50cm, application rate is 2.5kg/ mus, since after plantation the 2nd year, when hairy vetch it is withered after, pull out malignant weed, retain soft excellent Good weeds, weeds cradle after growing to 30cm or more;
4) determine duty: entire breeding time need to water 10-12 times altogether, and irrigation water inventory is 116-146m3/ mu, is adopted It is irrigated with drip irrigation pipe mode.
Wherein, step 1) the chemical fertilizer fertilising opportunity and dosage are as follows: 2.6kg/ mus of Hua Qian N, P2O50.83kg/ mus, K2O 1.3kg/ mus, 7.1kg/ mus of flowering fruit bearing stage N, P2O52.39kg/ mus, K210.3kg/ mus of O, N 3.6kg/ mus after fruit harvesting, P2O51.15kg/ mus, K21.8kg/ mus of O, 18.36kg/ mus of September part N, P2O56.24kg/ mus, K211.4kg/ mus of O.Step 2) in, when soil pH≤4.5, the biological organic fertilizer dosage is 7.5-10kg/, when soil pH > 4.5, the biological organic Fertile dosage is 5-7.5kg/.Step 4) irrigates opportunity are as follows: Hua Qian 1-2 times, irrigation quantity is 10m per acre3/ time;Flowering fruit bearing stage 6 times, Irrigation quantity is 8m per acre3/ time;1-2 times after fruit harvesting, irrigation quantity is 8m per acre3/ time;September part 1 time, irrigation quantity is 20- per acre 30m3/ time;Dormant period 1 time, irrigation quantity is 20-30m per acre3/ time, the biological organic fertilizer is applied using drip irrigation pipe mode.Trickle irrigation Pipe paving mode are as follows: tree crown crown diameter < 1.5m, drip irrigation pipe are laid with one at trunk;Tree crown crown diameter >=1.5m, in tree crown two sides Project two drip irrigation pipes of parallel laid at outer rim 30-50cm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention regulates and controls cherry Orchard Soil using " liquid manure optimization+sward " mode, It can be effectively improved cherry orchard assessing index, optimize sweet cherry irrigation technique, keep cherry orchard water and soil reasonable, solved current The problem of cherry orchard causes cherry yield and mouthfeel to decline because of soil quality decline.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with example, present invention is described, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit this The range of invention.
Embodiment 1
Cherry orchard A, 10 mu of area, 6 years implantation times, soil meta-acid, measuring pH is 4.3, and tree crown crown diameter is averaged 1.9m, Two drip irrigation pipes of parallel laid at every two lateral projection outer rim 30-50cm of row tree crown.By cherry growth time node, to the cherry orchard Soil quality is regulated and controled, specifically:
2 months, early period is spent, chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 26kg, P are applied to cherry orchard2O5 8.3kg、K2O 13kg;Using drop It is primary to pour water, irrigation amount 100m3
Natural pond fertilizer is diluted to 8m by March, budding period3, cherry usage tree root is applied in using trickle irrigation, every cherry tree of control is applied Fertilizer amount is 10kg;
April, flowering fruit bearing stage apply chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 71kg, P to cherry orchard2O5 23.9kg、K2O 103kg;Entirely The moon, three times, watered 80m every time for trickle irrigation watering altogether3
May, flowering fruit bearing stage are total to trickle irrigation watering the entire moon three times, and water 80m every time3
Natural pond fertilizer is diluted to 5m by June, collecting period3, cherry usage tree root is applied in using trickle irrigation, every cherry tree of control is applied Fertilizer amount is 7.5kg;Trickle irrigation watering is primary, and water 80m3
It picks the later period in July, chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 36kg, P is applied to cherry orchard2O5 11.5kg、K2O 18kg;It will Natural pond fertilizer is diluted to 7m3, cherry usage tree root is applied in using trickle irrigation, controlling every cherry tree dose is 8kg;Trickle irrigation watering one Secondary, water 80m3
August, away from the sowing hairy vetch in the ranks other than trunk 50cm, application rate 25kg, the previous year plantation Hairy vetch it is withered after, pull out malignant weed, retain soft excellent weeds, weeds are long to cutting after 30cm or more It cuts;
September applies chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 183.6kg, P to cherry orchard2O5 62.4kg、K2O 114kg;Trickle irrigation watering Once, water 200m3
In November, dormant period, trickle irrigation watering is primary, and water 200m3
Embodiment 2
Cherry orchard B, 5 mu of area, 1 year implantation time, measuring soil pH is 5.2, and tree crown crown diameter is averaged 1.2m, at trunk It is laid with a drip irrigation pipe.By cherry growth time node, which is regulated and controled, specifically:
2 months, early period is spent, chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 13kg, P are applied to cherry orchard2O5 4.15kg、K2O 6.5kg;Using Trickle irrigation watering is secondary, and each irrigation amount is 50m3
Natural pond fertilizer is diluted to 3.5m by March, budding period3, cherry usage tree root is applied in using trickle irrigation, controls every cherry tree Dose is 7.5kg;
April, flowering fruit bearing stage apply chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 35.5kg, P to cherry orchard2O5 11.95kg、K2O 51.5kg; Entirely it is total to trickle irrigation watering the moon three times, water 40m every time3
May, flowering fruit bearing stage are total to trickle irrigation watering the entire moon three times, and water 40m every time3
Natural pond fertilizer is diluted to 3m by June, collecting period3, cherry usage tree root is applied in using trickle irrigation, every cherry tree of control is applied Fertilizer amount is 5kg;Trickle irrigation watering is primary, and water 40m3
It picks the later period in July, chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 18kg, P is applied to cherry orchard2O5 5.75kg、K2O 9kg;By natural pond Fertilizer, which is adopted, is diluted to 3.5m3, it is applied in cherry usage tree root with trickle irrigation, controlling every cherry tree dose is 6kg;Trickle irrigation watering one Secondary, water 40m3
August, away from the sowing hairy vetch in the ranks other than trunk 50cm, application rate 12.5kg;
September applies chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 91.8kg, P to cherry orchard2O5 31.2kg、K2O 57kg;Trickle irrigation watering one Secondary, water 150m3
In November, dormant period, trickle irrigation watering is primary, and water 150m3
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of soil regulation method for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation, which comprises the steps of:
1) it determines the usage amount of chemical fertilizer: N 31.66kg, P need to be used according to cherry per acre2O5 10.61kg、K2O 24.8kg is applied Fertilizer;
2) usage amount of biological organic fertilizer is determined: by application biological organic fertilizer amount 5-10kg/ every time, respectively in budding period and fruit It applies fertilizer twice after real harvesting;
3) sward is planted: in August-September away from the sowing hairy vetch in the ranks other than trunk 50cm, application rate 2.5kg/ Mu, from after planting the 2nd year, when hairy vetch it is withered after, pull out malignant weed, retain soft excellent miscellaneous Grass, weeds cradle after growing to 30cm or more;
4) determine duty: entire breeding time need to water 10-12 times altogether, and irrigation water inventory is 116-146m3/ mu, using trickle irrigation Pipe mode is irrigated.
2. the soil regulation method according to claim 1 for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation, which is characterized in that step 1) institute State chemical fertilizer fertilising opportunity and dosage are as follows: 2.6kg/ mus of Hua Qian N, P2O50.83kg/ mus, K21.3kg/ mus of O, flowering fruit bearing stage N 7.1kg/ mus, P2O52.39kg/ mus, K210.3kg/ mus of O, N 3.6kg/ mus, P after fruit harvesting2O51.15kg/ mus, K2O 1.8kg/ mus, 18.36kg/ mus of September part N, P2O56.24kg/ mus, K211.4kg/ mus of O.
3. the soil regulation method according to claim 1 for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation, which is characterized in that step 2) In, when soil pH≤4.5, the biological organic fertilizer dosage is 7.5-10kg/, when soil pH > 4.5, the biological organic fertilizer Dosage is 5-7.5kg/.
4. the soil regulation method according to claim 1 for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation, which is characterized in that step 4) fills Irrigate opportunity are as follows: Hua Qian 1-2 times, irrigation quantity is 10m per acre3/ time;Flowering fruit bearing stage 6 times, irrigation quantity is 8m per acre3/ time;After fruit harvesting 1-2 times, irrigation quantity is 8m per acre3/ time;September part 1 time, irrigation quantity is 20-30m per acre3/ time;Dormant period 1 time, irrigation quantity per acre For 20-30m3/ time.
5. the soil regulation method according to claim 1 for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation, which is characterized in that step 4) drop Fill pipe paving mode are as follows: tree crown crown diameter < 1.5m, drip irrigation pipe are laid with one at trunk;Tree crown crown diameter >=1.5m, in tree crown two Two drip irrigation pipes of parallel laid at lateral projection outer rim 30-50cm.
6. the soil regulation method according to claim 1 for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation, which is characterized in that the biology Organic fertilizer is applied using drip irrigation pipe mode.
CN201910233412.2A 2019-03-26 2019-03-26 A kind of soil regulation method preventing cherry orchard soil degradation Pending CN109792919A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106258766A (en) * 2016-09-12 2017-01-04 任学平 The facility cultivation method of large cherry twice fruit of 1 year knot
CN106688588A (en) * 2017-01-11 2017-05-24 渭南市农业技术推广中心 Greenhouse cherry and tomato double-end cultivation method
CN107082725A (en) * 2017-05-08 2017-08-22 安徽天利粮油集团股份有限公司 A kind of ecological organic fertilier material formula
CN108002927A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-05-08 山东农业大学 A kind of functional form controlled release Blending Fertilizer for improveing soil acidification and preparation method thereof
CN108834714A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-11-20 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 A kind of cultivation mode of Queensland nut orchard ground cover
CN108872098A (en) * 2017-05-12 2018-11-23 伊犁师范学院 A kind of analysis method of Wild fruit crop woods soil trace element spatial distribution
CN109081721A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-12-25 烟台市农业技术推广中心(烟台市国际农发基金项目管理办公室) A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106258766A (en) * 2016-09-12 2017-01-04 任学平 The facility cultivation method of large cherry twice fruit of 1 year knot
CN106688588A (en) * 2017-01-11 2017-05-24 渭南市农业技术推广中心 Greenhouse cherry and tomato double-end cultivation method
CN107082725A (en) * 2017-05-08 2017-08-22 安徽天利粮油集团股份有限公司 A kind of ecological organic fertilier material formula
CN108872098A (en) * 2017-05-12 2018-11-23 伊犁师范学院 A kind of analysis method of Wild fruit crop woods soil trace element spatial distribution
CN109081721A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-12-25 烟台市农业技术推广中心(烟台市国际农发基金项目管理办公室) A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation
CN108002927A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-05-08 山东农业大学 A kind of functional form controlled release Blending Fertilizer for improveing soil acidification and preparation method thereof
CN108834714A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-11-20 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 A kind of cultivation mode of Queensland nut orchard ground cover

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Application publication date: 20190524