CN109792919A - A kind of soil regulation method preventing cherry orchard soil degradation - Google Patents
A kind of soil regulation method preventing cherry orchard soil degradation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109792919A CN109792919A CN201910233412.2A CN201910233412A CN109792919A CN 109792919 A CN109792919 A CN 109792919A CN 201910233412 A CN201910233412 A CN 201910233412A CN 109792919 A CN109792919 A CN 109792919A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation to regulate and control method, including timesharing machine applies suitable chemical fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer, plants sward and irrigates suitable water.The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention regulates and controls cherry Orchard Soil using " liquid manure optimization+sward " mode, cherry orchard assessing index can be effectively improved, optimize sweet cherry irrigation technique, it keeps cherry orchard water and soil reasonable, solves the problems, such as that current cherry orchard causes cherry yield and mouthfeel to decline because of soil quality decline.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural cultivation field more particularly to a kind of soil regulation sides for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation
Method.
Background technique
The northern area of China will start to cultivate cherry in the end of the year 70 of 19th century, have more than 140 years history.Cherry is China's weight
Efficient, the characteristic, pillar agricultural industry wanted.But since blindness is larger and excessive velocities, cherry orchard soil management at present
In be faced with many urgent problems to be solved.First is that soil management level error, most cherry orchard land occupation condition gaps are big, soil compared with
It is barren, the content of organic matter is low；Second is that the predatory management mode such as high density, Super-high-yielding leads to soil acidification；Third is that fertilising kind
Class is unreasonable to cause soil texture destruction, fertilizer conservation water storage capacity poor.There are soil applications to lack one for cherry orchard soil management technology
Fixed scientific basis, organic nutrient insufficient investment, chemical fertilizer investment is excessive, and organic fertilizer application is insufficient, and liquid manure supply is uneven, soil
Moisture is hard to keep, and soil regulation measure falls behind, and orchard worker is time-consuming laborious, affect plantation cherry comprehensive production capacity and
Sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
For the present invention aiming at the problem that existing cherry Orchard Soil lacks scientific management, providing one kind prevents cherry orchard soil degradation
Soil regulate and control method.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that a kind of soil regulation for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation
Method, which comprises the steps of:
1) it determines the usage amount of chemical fertilizer: N 31.66kg, P need to be used according to cherry per acre2O5 10.61kg、K2O 24.8kg into
Row fertilising；
2) usage amount of biological organic fertilizer is determined: by application biological organic fertilizer amount 5-10kg/ every time, respectively in the budding period
It applies fertilizer twice with after fruit harvesting；
3) plant sward: in August-September away from the sowing hairy vetch in the ranks other than trunk 50cm, application rate is
2.5kg/ mus, since after plantation the 2nd year, when hairy vetch it is withered after, pull out malignant weed, retain soft excellent
Good weeds, weeds cradle after growing to 30cm or more；
4) determine duty: entire breeding time need to water 10-12 times altogether, and irrigation water inventory is 116-146m3/ mu, is adopted
It is irrigated with drip irrigation pipe mode.
Wherein, step 1) the chemical fertilizer fertilising opportunity and dosage are as follows: 2.6kg/ mus of Hua Qian N, P2O50.83kg/ mus, K2O
1.3kg/ mus, 7.1kg/ mus of flowering fruit bearing stage N, P2O52.39kg/ mus, K210.3kg/ mus of O, N 3.6kg/ mus after fruit harvesting,
P2O51.15kg/ mus, K21.8kg/ mus of O, 18.36kg/ mus of September part N, P2O56.24kg/ mus, K211.4kg/ mus of O.Step
2) in, when soil pH≤4.5, the biological organic fertilizer dosage is 7.5-10kg/, when soil pH > 4.5, the biological organic
Fertile dosage is 5-7.5kg/.Step 4) irrigates opportunity are as follows: Hua Qian 1-2 times, irrigation quantity is 10m per acre3/ time；Flowering fruit bearing stage 6 times,
Irrigation quantity is 8m per acre3/ time；1-2 times after fruit harvesting, irrigation quantity is 8m per acre3/ time；September part 1 time, irrigation quantity is 20- per acre
30m3/ time；Dormant period 1 time, irrigation quantity is 20-30m per acre3/ time, the biological organic fertilizer is applied using drip irrigation pipe mode.Trickle irrigation
Pipe paving mode are as follows: tree crown crown diameter < 1.5m, drip irrigation pipe are laid with one at trunk；Tree crown crown diameter >=1.5m, in tree crown two sides
Project two drip irrigation pipes of parallel laid at outer rim 30-50cm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention regulates and controls cherry Orchard Soil using " liquid manure optimization+sward " mode,
It can be effectively improved cherry orchard assessing index, optimize sweet cherry irrigation technique, keep cherry orchard water and soil reasonable, solved current
The problem of cherry orchard causes cherry yield and mouthfeel to decline because of soil quality decline.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with example, present invention is described, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit this
The range of invention.
Embodiment 1
Cherry orchard A, 10 mu of area, 6 years implantation times, soil meta-acid, measuring pH is 4.3, and tree crown crown diameter is averaged 1.9m,
Two drip irrigation pipes of parallel laid at every two lateral projection outer rim 30-50cm of row tree crown.By cherry growth time node, to the cherry orchard
Soil quality is regulated and controled, specifically:
2 months, early period is spent, chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 26kg, P are applied to cherry orchard2O5 8.3kg、K2O 13kg；Using drop
It is primary to pour water, irrigation amount 100m3；
Natural pond fertilizer is diluted to 8m by March, budding period3, cherry usage tree root is applied in using trickle irrigation, every cherry tree of control is applied
Fertilizer amount is 10kg；
April, flowering fruit bearing stage apply chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 71kg, P to cherry orchard2O5 23.9kg、K2O 103kg；Entirely
The moon, three times, watered 80m every time for trickle irrigation watering altogether3；
May, flowering fruit bearing stage are total to trickle irrigation watering the entire moon three times, and water 80m every time3；
Natural pond fertilizer is diluted to 5m by June, collecting period3, cherry usage tree root is applied in using trickle irrigation, every cherry tree of control is applied
Fertilizer amount is 7.5kg；Trickle irrigation watering is primary, and water 80m3；
It picks the later period in July, chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 36kg, P is applied to cherry orchard2O5 11.5kg、K2O 18kg；It will
Natural pond fertilizer is diluted to 7m3, cherry usage tree root is applied in using trickle irrigation, controlling every cherry tree dose is 8kg；Trickle irrigation watering one
Secondary, water 80m3；
August, away from the sowing hairy vetch in the ranks other than trunk 50cm, application rate 25kg, the previous year plantation
Hairy vetch it is withered after, pull out malignant weed, retain soft excellent weeds, weeds are long to cutting after 30cm or more
It cuts；
September applies chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 183.6kg, P to cherry orchard2O5 62.4kg、K2O 114kg；Trickle irrigation watering
Once, water 200m3；
In November, dormant period, trickle irrigation watering is primary, and water 200m3。
Embodiment 2
Cherry orchard B, 5 mu of area, 1 year implantation time, measuring soil pH is 5.2, and tree crown crown diameter is averaged 1.2m, at trunk
It is laid with a drip irrigation pipe.By cherry growth time node, which is regulated and controled, specifically:
2 months, early period is spent, chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 13kg, P are applied to cherry orchard2O5 4.15kg、K2O 6.5kg；Using
Trickle irrigation watering is secondary, and each irrigation amount is 50m3；
Natural pond fertilizer is diluted to 3.5m by March, budding period3, cherry usage tree root is applied in using trickle irrigation, controls every cherry tree
Dose is 7.5kg；
April, flowering fruit bearing stage apply chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 35.5kg, P to cherry orchard2O5 11.95kg、K2O 51.5kg；
Entirely it is total to trickle irrigation watering the moon three times, water 40m every time3；
May, flowering fruit bearing stage are total to trickle irrigation watering the entire moon three times, and water 40m every time3；
Natural pond fertilizer is diluted to 3m by June, collecting period3, cherry usage tree root is applied in using trickle irrigation, every cherry tree of control is applied
Fertilizer amount is 5kg；Trickle irrigation watering is primary, and water 40m3；
It picks the later period in July, chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 18kg, P is applied to cherry orchard2O5 5.75kg、K2O 9kg；By natural pond
Fertilizer, which is adopted, is diluted to 3.5m3, it is applied in cherry usage tree root with trickle irrigation, controlling every cherry tree dose is 6kg；Trickle irrigation watering one
Secondary, water 40m3；
August, away from the sowing hairy vetch in the ranks other than trunk 50cm, application rate 12.5kg；
September applies chemical fertilizer, total dosage are as follows: N 91.8kg, P to cherry orchard2O5 31.2kg、K2O 57kg；Trickle irrigation watering one
Secondary, water 150m3；
In November, dormant period, trickle irrigation watering is primary, and water 150m3。
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of soil regulation method for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation, which comprises the steps of:
1) it determines the usage amount of chemical fertilizer: N 31.66kg, P need to be used according to cherry per acre2O5 10.61kg、K2O 24.8kg is applied
Fertilizer；
2) usage amount of biological organic fertilizer is determined: by application biological organic fertilizer amount 5-10kg/ every time, respectively in budding period and fruit
It applies fertilizer twice after real harvesting；
3) sward is planted: in August-September away from the sowing hairy vetch in the ranks other than trunk 50cm, application rate 2.5kg/
Mu, from after planting the 2nd year, when hairy vetch it is withered after, pull out malignant weed, retain soft excellent miscellaneous
Grass, weeds cradle after growing to 30cm or more；
4) determine duty: entire breeding time need to water 10-12 times altogether, and irrigation water inventory is 116-146m3/ mu, using trickle irrigation
Pipe mode is irrigated.
2. the soil regulation method according to claim 1 for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation, which is characterized in that step 1) institute
State chemical fertilizer fertilising opportunity and dosage are as follows: 2.6kg/ mus of Hua Qian N, P2O50.83kg/ mus, K21.3kg/ mus of O, flowering fruit bearing stage N
7.1kg/ mus, P2O52.39kg/ mus, K210.3kg/ mus of O, N 3.6kg/ mus, P after fruit harvesting2O51.15kg/ mus, K2O
1.8kg/ mus, 18.36kg/ mus of September part N, P2O56.24kg/ mus, K211.4kg/ mus of O.
3. the soil regulation method according to claim 1 for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation, which is characterized in that step 2)
In, when soil pH≤4.5, the biological organic fertilizer dosage is 7.5-10kg/, when soil pH > 4.5, the biological organic fertilizer
Dosage is 5-7.5kg/.
4. the soil regulation method according to claim 1 for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation, which is characterized in that step 4) fills
Irrigate opportunity are as follows: Hua Qian 1-2 times, irrigation quantity is 10m per acre3/ time；Flowering fruit bearing stage 6 times, irrigation quantity is 8m per acre3/ time；After fruit harvesting
1-2 times, irrigation quantity is 8m per acre3/ time；September part 1 time, irrigation quantity is 20-30m per acre3/ time；Dormant period 1 time, irrigation quantity per acre
For 20-30m3/ time.
5. the soil regulation method according to claim 1 for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation, which is characterized in that step 4) drop
Fill pipe paving mode are as follows: tree crown crown diameter < 1.5m, drip irrigation pipe are laid with one at trunk；Tree crown crown diameter >=1.5m, in tree crown two
Two drip irrigation pipes of parallel laid at lateral projection outer rim 30-50cm.
6. the soil regulation method according to claim 1 for preventing cherry orchard soil degradation, which is characterized in that the biology
Organic fertilizer is applied using drip irrigation pipe mode.
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| CN106258766A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-01-04 | 任学平 | The facility cultivation method of large cherry twice fruit of 1 year knot |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106258766A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-01-04 | 任学平 | The facility cultivation method of large cherry twice fruit of 1 year knot |
| CN106688588A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-24 | 渭南市农业技术推广中心 | Greenhouse cherry and tomato double-end cultivation method |
| CN107082725A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-08-22 | 安徽天利粮油集团股份有限公司 | A kind of ecological organic fertilier material formula |
| CN108872098A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-11-23 | 伊犁师范学院 | A kind of analysis method of Wild fruit crop woods soil trace element spatial distribution |
| CN109081721A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-12-25 | 烟台市农业技术推广中心(烟台市国际农发基金项目管理办公室） | A kind of method of administration of acidified soil conditioner in apple cultivation |
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Application publication date: 20190524 |