CN104823801B - The method for improving Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production - Google Patents
The method for improving Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production Download PDFInfo
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- CN104823801B CN104823801B CN201510148434.0A CN201510148434A CN104823801B CN 104823801 B CN104823801 B CN 104823801B CN 201510148434 A CN201510148434 A CN 201510148434A CN 104823801 B CN104823801 B CN 104823801B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for improving Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production, comprise the following steps：<1>In cleaning of annual spring tree disk, calcium lime powder is spread before raining；<2>In cone expanding stage anterior canal organic fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer；<3>Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied after cone harvesting；<4>Artificial supplementary pollination is carried out in male and female flowering full-bloom stage collection pollen；<5>Artificial supplementary pollination is carried out in male and female flowering duration of flowering.Practical application shows that the present invention is remarkably improved Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production, and masson pine percentage of fertile fruit is relative to be improved up to 135%~324%, and single plant yield is also significantly higher than control；In addition, the present invention can also slow down tree body aging, its ability for resisting pest and disease damage is improved, effectively save fertilizer and manpower reduce breeding garden production cost, to promote Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard stable high yield to provide effective approach.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high quality tree species breeding garden cultivation field, more particularly to a kind of raising Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed
The method of yield.
Background technology
Masson pine is the most important fast-growing and high-yield timber forest seeds of south China, is south China instant forest area, lives and stand
Very big contribution has been made in wooden accumulation and timber yield.According to statistics, in south China forest reserves 16.9% derive from horse hair
Pine, but China's Masson Pine Plantation improved variety degree is not high, and its one of the main reasons is exactly that breeding garden breeding yield is not high.Mesh
Preceding masson pine Primary seed orchard passes through the development of more than 30 years, engenders evidence for senescence, shedding is serious, percentage of fertile fruit is low, in production
Often carry out management breeding garden according to the method for Timber stands, lack specifically designed for the breeding garden elite stand for the purpose of producing seed
The system research of management, causes elite stand aging, seed production low, seriously hinders the production of masson pine breeding.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of simple and practical, convenient and easy, excellent effect raising horse hair
The method of loose breeding garden elite stand seed production.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：Improve the production of Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed
The method of amount, comprises the following steps：
<1>In cleaning of annual spring tree disk, calcium lime powder is spread before raining；
<2>In cone expanding stage anterior canal organic fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer；
<3>Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied after cone harvesting；
<4>Artificial supplementary pollination is carried out in male and female flowering full-bloom stage collection pollen；
<5>Artificial supplementary pollination is carried out in male and female flowering duration of flowering.
Step<1>In spread calcium lime powder be spring rain before every plant tree tree disk and trunk base portion 100cm with bottom
Uniformly spread 1-1.5kg in position.
Step<2>Middle ditch organic fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer be in or so cone expanding stage previous moon, trench digging position with
The vertical ground of tree crown, organic fertilizer 5kg, potash fertilizer and each 1kg of boron fertilizer are applied by every plant of tree.
Step<3>Zhong Shi composite fertilizers are that after cone harvesting, trench digging position is applied on the ground vertical with tree crown by every plant of tree
Enter composition fertilizer 4-5kg.
Step<4>The pollen of middle collection 10-15 clone most excellent in breeding garden and its pollen development is complete
Ripe but do not scatter also, the processing of drying in time makes pollen be collected after scattering after collection male flower is complete.
Step<4>During middle artificial supplementary pollination, by pollen and talcum powder by volume 1:4 mix, early in female flower full-bloom stage
Before 10 points of morning, it is fine have wind in the case of, start from the hilltop by downwind wind-force extinguisher alignment elite stand concentrate
Female flower position sprinkling, every 3 days carry out once, altogether twice.
Step<5>During middle artificial supplementary pollination, before daily 10 points of morning, it is fine have wind in the case of, from mountain
Top starts to be blowed by the male flower position that downwind is directed at elite stand concentration with wind-force extinguisher, carries out once daily.
For current Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand aging, seed production is low the problem of, inventor, which establishes, a kind of improves horse
The method of tail pine breeding garden elite stand seed production.Based on method Rules of Nutrition needed for elite stand grows, to improve elite stand
For the purpose of seed production capacity, the nutritional ingredient according to needed for elite stand and seed cone development different phase utilizes Formula fertilization by soil testing
With the artificial supplementary pollination of science, elite stand tree vigo(u)r is enhanced, its nutrient growth impetus is controlled, male and female flowering amount is added, improved
Pollination success rate, has ensured nutrition concentration dependency.Further, since applying lime at tree disk and trunk position, some diseases are reduced
Insect pest occurs, and reduces the cost of preventing and treating pest and disease damage.Practical application shows that the present invention is remarkably improved Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand
Seed production, and generally occur in that the gratifying phenomenon of full garden result, masson pine percentage of fertile fruit is relative to be improved up to 135%~
324%, single plant yield is also significantly higher than control；In addition, the present invention can also slow down tree body aging, improve it and resist pest and disease damage
Ability, effectively save fertilizer and manpower reduce breeding garden production cost, to promote Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard stable high yield to provide
The approach of effect.
Embodiment
Following examples and reference examples are carried out in Guangxi Teng County Tang Bu towns Chishui village great Mang circle Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchards.
Embodiment
<1>In cleaning of annual spring tree disk, the tree disk and trunk base portion 100cm of every plant of tree are uniform with lower portion before raining
Spread 1-1.5kg calcium lime powders.
<2>The rapid expanding stage of cone (late April-mid-May) previous moon or so ditch organic fertilizer (chicken manure), potash fertilizer and
Boron fertilizer (Guangdong Province Guangning County Hua Yang fertilizer Co., Ltd), trench digging position is had on the ground vertical with tree crown by every plant of tree application
Machine fertilizer 5kg, potash fertilizer and each 1kg of boron fertilizer, rear ridging covering.
<3>(November) applies (N P and K) composite fertilizer (Guangdong Province Guangning County Hua Yang fertilizer Co., Ltd) after cone harvesting,
Position ditch on the ground vertical with tree crown, full price nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (15 is applied by every plant of tree:10:15) 4-5kg, rear ridging
Covering.
<4>10-15 clone pollen most excellent and its flower in male and female flowering full-bloom stage gathers pollen, collection breeding garden
Powder development full maturity is not scattered also, and the processing of drying in time makes pollen be collected after scattering after collection male flower is complete；Then carry out
Artificial supplementary pollination, first by pollen and talcum powder by volume 1:4 mix, and before 10 points of female flower full-bloom stage morning, weather is fine
In the case of Lang Youfeng, start to be directed at the female flower position sprinkling that elite stand is concentrated, every 3 by downwind wind-force extinguisher from the hilltop
It is carried out once, altogether twice, makes pollen expanding in breeding garden, male pollen fall on it is female take, reach pollination purpose.
<5>Carry out artificial supplementary pollination in male and female flowering duration of flowering, the artificial supplementary pollination time 10 points of daily morning with
Before, it is fine have wind in the case of, start from the hilltop by downwind wind-force extinguisher be aligned elite stand concentrate male flower portion
Position is blowed, and pollen on elite stand is scattered, and carries out once daily, until Flowers ending.
Reference examples
In annual early September between mid-October, every plant of tree trench digging applies N:P:K composite fertilizers (15:15:15) trained after 5kg
Soil covering, remaining is carried out according to a conventional method.
When cone is harvested, representational elite stand in difference selection example and reference examples investigates elite stand cone gross weight
Amount, single fruit weight, cone longitudinal and transverse demeter, mass of 1000 kernel, germination number (such as table 1)；Continuous tracking and monitoring application (embodiment) of the invention is to ball
The influence (table 2) of fruit yield and seed production.
Influence of the different disposal of table 1 to masson pine elite stand Yield and quality and growing way
The continuous 4 years Cone Yields of the embodiment of table 2 and seed production
From table 1 it follows that embodiment on individual plant Cone Yield apparently higher than reference examples, relative comparison example improves 16
More than times；The cone single fruit weight of embodiment also be significantly greater than reference examples, its cone longitudinal and transverse demeter also significantly higher than control, rule with
Single fruit weight is basically identical.Meanwhile, embodiment, apparently higher than control, illustrates that seed turgor is high, seed in thousand grain weigth
Germination number is also apparently higher than control, and germination number is basically identical with mass of 1000 kernel.From Table 2, it can be seen that continuously using this method, plant
Sub- garden yield is substantially improved constantly.Actual observation also found, embodiment every year take out the tip apparently higher than reference examples, illustrate this method
The nourishment of elite stand tree body can be obviously improved, slows down the recession level of elite stand growth.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method for improving Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
<1>In cleaning of annual spring tree disk, calcium lime powder is spread before raining；It is preceding every plant of tree of raining in spring to spread calcium lime powder
Tree disk and trunk base portion 100cm 1-1.5kg is uniformly spread with lower portion；
<2>In cone expanding stage anterior canal organic fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer；Ditch organic fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer are expanded in cone
The phase previous moon, trench digging position applies organic fertilizer 5kg, potash fertilizer and each 1kg of boron fertilizer on the ground vertical with tree crown by every plant of tree；
<3>Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied after cone harvesting；It is that after cone harvesting, trench digging position is vertical with tree crown to apply composite fertilizer
Ground, apply composition fertilizer 4-5kg by every plant of tree；
<4>Artificial supplementary pollination is carried out in male and female flowering full-bloom stage collection pollen；The pollen of collection is most excellent in breeding garden
10-15 clone and its pollen development full maturity but do not scatter also, the processing of drying in time makes pollen dispersed after collection male flower is complete
It is collected after opening；During artificial supplementary pollination, by pollen and talcum powder by volume 1:4 mix, in female flower full-bloom stage morning 10
Point before, it is fine have wind in the case of, start from the hilltop by downwind wind-force extinguisher be aligned elite stand concentrate it is female
The sprinkling of flower position, is carried out once, altogether twice for every 3 days；
<5>Artificial supplementary pollination is carried out in male and female flowering duration of flowering；During artificial supplementary pollination, before daily 10 points of morning, day
Gas is sunny have wind in the case of, start from the hilltop by downwind with wind-force extinguisher be aligned elite stand concentrate male flower position carry out
Blowing, is carried out once daily.
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| CN106358899A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-01 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Grown pinus massoniana stock plant dwarfing pruning method for increasing seed yield |
| CN106508583A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-03-22 | 都匀市国有马鞍山林场 | Method for dwarfing and rejuvenating seed orchard big trees of masson pine and improving flower and fruit setting rate |
| CN110432062B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-09-21 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Supplementary pollination method for macadimia nuts |
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| CN102503722B (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2013-07-31 | 中南林业科技大学 | Composite microbial granules for promoting growth of Pinus massoniana as well as preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN103329791B (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-10-29 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Artificial pollination breeding method of pinus massoniana hybrid |
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