CN104823801A - Improvement method for seed yield of mother tree in Pinus massoniana seed orchard - Google Patents
Improvement method for seed yield of mother tree in Pinus massoniana seed orchard Download PDFInfo
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- CN104823801A CN104823801A CN201510148434.0A CN201510148434A CN104823801A CN 104823801 A CN104823801 A CN 104823801A CN 201510148434 A CN201510148434 A CN 201510148434A CN 104823801 A CN104823801 A CN 104823801A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improvement method for seed yield of a mother tree in a Pinus massoniana seed orchard. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, clearing tree disks in every spring, and spreading quicklime powder before raining; step 2, applying organic fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer in furrows before a cone expansion period; step 3, applying nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer after harvesting cones; step 4, collecting pollen and carrying out artificial supplementary pollination in male-female-flower full-bloom stage; and step 5, carrying out artificial supplementary pollination in the flowering period of male and female flowers. Practical application shows that the improvement method for seed yield of the mother tree in the Pinus massoniana seed orchard provided by the invention can significantly improve the seed yield of the mother tree in the Pinus massoniana orchard, the fruiting rate of Pinus massoniana is increased by 135% to 324%, and yield per plant of the Pinus massoniana is significantly higher than yield per plant of reference Pinus massoniana; in addition, the method also can slow down aging of the Pinus massoniana, improve pest and disease resistant ability of the Pinus massoniana, effectively save fertilizers and manpower, reduce production cost of the seed orchard and provide an effective way for promotion of high yield and stable yield of the Pinus massoniana seed orchard.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high quality tree species seed orchard cultivation field, particularly relate to a kind of method improving Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production.
Background technology
Masson pine is the most important fast-growing and high-yield timber forest seeds of south China, for very big contribution has been made in south China instant forest area, growing stock amount and timber yield.According to statistics, in south China forest reserves, 16.9% derives from masson pine, but China's Masson Pine Plantation improved variety degree is not high, and its one of the main reasons is exactly that seed orchard breeding output is not high.Current masson pine Primary seed orchard was through the development of more than 30 years, engender evidence for senescence, shedding is serious, percentage of fertile fruit is low, method often according to timber forest in production carrys out management seed orchard, lack specially for the system research of the seed orchard elite stand management for the purpose of seeding, cause that elite stand is old and feeble, seed production is low, seriously hinder the production of masson pine breeding.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method of raising Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production of simple and practical, convenient and easy, excellent effect.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions: the method improving Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production, comprises the following steps:
<1> clears up tree dish in annual spring, before raining, spread quicklime powder;
<2> is at cone expanding stage anterior canal fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer;
<3> executes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer after cone is gathered;
<4> gathers pollen at male and female flowering full-bloom stage and carries out artificial supplementary pollination;
<5> carries out artificial supplementary pollination at male and female flowering duration of flowering.
Spreading quicklime powder in step <1> is that every strain is set before the raining of spring tree dish and trunk base portion 100cm evenly spread 1-1.5kg with lower portion.
In step <2>, ditch organic fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer are about the cone expanding stage previous moon, and trench digging position, on the ground vertical with tree crown, applies each 1kg of fertilizer 5kg, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer by every strain tree.
In step <3>, sealing fertilizer is after cone is gathered, and trench digging position, on the ground vertical with tree crown, applies composition fertilizer 4-5kg by every strain tree.
The pollen gathered in step <4> from 10-15 the most excellent in a seed orchard clone and its pollen development full maturity but also do not scatter, gathers male flower complete rear timely airing process and the pollen laggard row that scatters is collected.
In step <4> during artificial supplementary pollination, by pollen and talcum powder by volume 1:4 mix, before female flower full-bloom stage morning 10, fine when having wind, start to aim at the concentrated female flower position of elite stand by downwind wind-force extinguisher from the hilltop to spray, within every 3 days, carry out once, twice altogether.
In step <5> during artificial supplementary pollination, before morning 10 every day, fine when having wind, start to aim at by downwind wind-force extinguisher the male flower position that elite stand concentrates from the hilltop and blow, every day carries out once.
The problem old and feeble for current Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand, seed production is low, we have established a kind of method improving Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production.This method is grown based on desired nutritional rule by elite stand, to improve for the purpose of elite stand seed production capacity, according to the nutrient component needed for elite stand and seed cone development different phase, utilize the artificial supplementary pollination of Formula fertilization by soil testing and science, enhance elite stand tree vigo(u)r, control its impetus of nourishing and growing, add male and female flowering amount, improve pollination success rate, ensure nutrition concentration dependency.In addition, owing to applying lime at tree dish and trunk position, decrease some damage by disease and insect and occur, reduce the cost of prevention and elimination of disease and pests.Practical application shows, the present invention can significantly improve Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production, and generally occurs the gratifying phenomenon of Liao Quan garden result, and masson pine percentage of fertile fruit relatively improves and can reach 135% ~ 324%, and single plant yield is also significantly higher than contrast; In addition, it is aging that the present invention also can slow down tree body, improves the ability of its opposing damage by disease and insect, effectively save fertilizer and manpower, reduce seed orchard production cost, for promoting that Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard stable high yield provides effective approach.
Embodiment
Following examples and reference examples are all carried out at Tang Bu town, Teng County, Guangxi Chishui village great Mang circle Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard.
Embodiment
<1> clears up tree dish in annual spring, and the tree dish that every strain is set before raining and trunk base portion 100cm evenly spread 1-1.5kg quicklime powder with lower portion.
<2> is at the rapid expanding stage of cone (late April-mid-May) left and right ditch fertilizer of the previous moon (chicken manure), potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer (Guangning County, Guangdong Province Hua Yang fertilizer Co., Ltd), trench digging position is on the ground vertical with tree crown, apply each 1kg of fertilizer 5kg, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer by every strain tree, rear ridging covers.
<3> (November) after cone is gathered executes (N P and K) composite fertilizer (Guangning County, Guangdong Province Hua Yang fertilizer Co., Ltd), trench digging position is on the ground vertical with tree crown, apply full price nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (15:10:15) 4-5kg by every strain tree, rear ridging covers.
<4> gathers pollen at male and female flowering full-bloom stage, gather 10-15 the most excellent clone pollen in seed orchard and its pollen development full maturity is not also scattered, gather male flower complete rear timely airing process and pollen is scattered the collection of laggard row; Then artificial supplementary pollination is carried out, first by pollen and talcum powder by volume 1:4 mix, before female flower full-bloom stage morning 10, fine when having wind, start to aim at by downwind wind-force extinguisher the female flower position that elite stand concentrates from the hilltop and spray, within every 3 days, carry out once, twice altogether, make pollen expanding in seed orchard, male pollen falls female taking, and reaches pollination object.
<5> carries out artificial supplementary pollination at male and female flowering duration of flowering, the artificial supplementary pollination time is before morning 10 every day, fine when having wind, the male flower position starting from the hilltop to aim at elite stand concentrated by downwind wind-force extinguisher blows, pollen on elite stand is scattered, every day carries out once, until Flowers ending.
Reference examples
Between annual early September to mid-October, after every strain tree trench digging executes N:P:K composite fertilizer (15:15:15) 5kg, ridging covers, and all the other carry out according to a conventional method.
When cone is gathered, select representational elite stand in embodiment and reference examples respectively, investigation elite stand cone gross weight, single fruit weight, cone longitudinal and transverse demeter, thousand kernel weight, germination number (as table 1); Continuous Tracking monitoring and measuring application the present invention (embodiment) is on the impact (table 2) of Cone Yield and seed production.
Table 1 different disposal is on the impact of masson pine elite stand Yield and quality and growing way
Table 2 embodiment continuous 4 years Cone Yields and seed production
As can be seen from Table 1, embodiment is apparently higher than reference examples on individual plant Cone Yield, and relative comparison example improves more than 16 times; The cone single fruit weight of embodiment is also obviously greater than reference examples, its cone longitudinal and transverse demeter also significantly higher than contrast, rule and single fruit weight basically identical.Meanwhile, embodiment apparently higher than contrast, illustrates that seed turgor is high at thousand grain weigth, seed sprouting amount also apparently higher than contrast, germination number and thousand kernel weight basically identical.As can be seen from Table 2, use the method continuously, seed orchard output obviously improves constantly.Actual observation also finds, what embodiment was annual takes out the tip apparently higher than reference examples, illustrates that the method obviously can improve the nourishment of elite stand tree body, the recession level of the elite stand that slows down growth.
Claims (7)
1. improve a method for Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
<1> clears up tree dish in annual spring, before raining, spread quicklime powder;
<2> is at cone expanding stage anterior canal organic fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer;
<3> executes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer after cone is gathered;
<4> gathers pollen at male and female flowering full-bloom stage and carries out artificial supplementary pollination;
<5> carries out artificial supplementary pollination at male and female flowering duration of flowering.
2. the method for raising Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production according to claim 1, it is characterized in that spreading in step <1> quicklime powder is that every strain is set before the raining of spring tree dish and trunk base portion 100cm evenly spread 1-1.5kg with lower portion.
3. the method for raising Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step <2>, ditch organic fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer are about the cone expanding stage previous moon, trench digging position, on the ground vertical with tree crown, applies each 1kg of fertilizer 5kg, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer by every strain tree.
4. the method for raising Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step <3>, sealing fertilizer is after cone is gathered, trench digging position, on the ground vertical with tree crown, applies composition fertilizer 4-5kg by every strain tree.
5. the method for raising Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the pollen that gathers in step <4> is from 10-15 the most excellent in a seed orchard clone and its pollen development full maturity but also do not scatter, gather male flower complete rear timely airing process and the pollen laggard row that scatters is collected.
6. the method for raising Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that artificial supplementary pollination in step <4>, by pollen and talcum powder by volume 1:4 mix, before female flower full-bloom stage morning 10, fine when having wind, start to aim at the concentrated female flower position of elite stand by downwind wind-force extinguisher from the hilltop to spray, within every 3 days, carry out once, twice altogether.
7. the method for raising Pinus Massoniana Lamb In Seed Orchard elite stand seed production according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that artificial supplementary pollination in step <5>, before morning 10 every day, fine when having wind, the male flower position starting from the hilltop to aim at elite stand concentrated by downwind wind-force extinguisher blows, and every day carries out once.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106358899A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-01 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Grown pinus massoniana stock plant dwarfing pruning method for increasing seed yield |
| CN106508583A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-03-22 | 都匀市国有马鞍山林场 | Method for dwarfing and rejuvenating seed orchard big trees of masson pine and improving flower and fruit setting rate |
| CN110432062A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-12 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | A kind of method of Queensland nut supple-mentary pollination |
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| CN102503722A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-06-20 | 中南林业科技大学 | Composite microbial granules for promoting growth of Pinus massoniana as well as preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN103329791A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-10-02 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Artificial pollination breeding method of pinus massoniana hybrid |
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2015
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| CN102503722A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-06-20 | 中南林业科技大学 | Composite microbial granules for promoting growth of Pinus massoniana as well as preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN103329791A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-10-02 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Artificial pollination breeding method of pinus massoniana hybrid |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106358899A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-01 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Grown pinus massoniana stock plant dwarfing pruning method for increasing seed yield |
| CN106508583A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-03-22 | 都匀市国有马鞍山林场 | Method for dwarfing and rejuvenating seed orchard big trees of masson pine and improving flower and fruit setting rate |
| CN110432062A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-12 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | A kind of method of Queensland nut supple-mentary pollination |
| CN110432062B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-09-21 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Supplementary pollination method for macadimia nuts |
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