CN103329791A - Artificial pollination breeding method of pinus massoniana hybrid - Google Patents
Artificial pollination breeding method of pinus massoniana hybrid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial pollination breeding method of a pinus massoniana hybrid. The artificial pollination breeding method comprises the following steps of 1, selection of masson pine as a female parent, 2, selection of pinus elliottii, pinus elliottii-pinus caribaea hybrid, pinus caribaea and pine moth-resistant pinus massoniana as male parents, 3, collection of male parent pollen, 4, treatment on the male parent pollen, 5, bagging and artificial pollination by a home-made pollination tool, and 6, cultivation. Through the artificial pollination breeding method, seeds of the pinus massoniana hybrid having the excellent and stable properties of straight trunk, fast early-stage growth rate, high rosin yield and pest and disease resistance are obtained. The artificial pollination breeding method solves the problems of open pollination in a pinus massoniana seed garden and improves crossbreeding efficiency. The artificial pollination breeding method is a complete artificial pollination breeding method, has simple processes, is practical, has a low cost, low requirements on operators, and small influences by a natural environmental factor such as weather, can effectively improve cross pollination efficiency in a pinus massoniana seed garden, can improve accuracy and reliability of cross pollination, can accelerate seed selection of a novel forestall germplasm resource variety, and has good economic, social and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plant hybridization breeding, especially a kind of artificial pollination breeding method of hybridizing masson pine.
Background technology
Crossbreeding is to utilize the bion of the same race or not of the same race with different genes composition to hybridize, obtain the breeding method of needed phenotype type, its principle is genetic recombination, the combination of parents' merit may appear in the filial generation, even the merit of the super parental generation of appearance, parents' inferior position proterties combination also may appear certainly, or the unexistent inferior position proterties of parents.Breeding process is exactly will select and remain to meet the individual further cultivation of breeding objective in the numerous types of filial generation, until the new varieties that obtain merit, stay in grade.
Masson pine is the main reproducting tree species of one's native land in China south, has a very wide distribution, and area under cultivation ranks among the best, and is stronger to the adaptability of weather and environment, and its purposes is based on material and resin tapping.At present, the masson pine seed garden pollination of managing is mostly based on the anemophily open pollination, be subjected to effect of natural conditions big, if running into rainy weather pollen during male flower maturation loose powder can not diffuse normal be combined with female flower, to cause the female flower abortion, cause seed orchard to drop in production over a large area, this seed selection for the masson pine excellent strain is very disadvantageous.In addition, compare with wet-land pine tree, the wet foreign pine trees such as pine and pinus caribaea that add, the perfectly straight degree of masson pine form is poor, early growth is slow, and relatively poor for insect pest resistances such as pine caterpillars, loose malicious pretty young woman.Therefore, take full advantage of wet-land pine tree, the wet good characteristic that adds seeds such as pine, pinus caribaea, the design Different Cross Combinations, make dissimilar parents hybridize reconfiguring with acquired character by the Artificial Control pollination, seed selection has the new varieties that form is perfectly straight, early growth rapid, produce stable merits such as fat amount height and disease and insect resistance, promoting value and the economic worth of indigenous tree species, is the key point of current masson pine breeding work.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is for cultivating the masson pine new varieties of merit, stay in grade, solve the deficiency that the open pollination of masson pine seed garden exists, improve the operating efficiency of crossbreeding, the invention provides the complete artificial pollination breeding method of a cover, this method is simple to operate, practical, with low cost, personnel are less demanding to enforcement, be subjected to factor of natural environment such as weather to influence little, can effectively promote the operating efficiency of masson pine seed garden hybridization pollination, improve accuracy and the reliability of hybridization pollination, accelerate the forestry germ plasm resource breeding of new variety progress of work.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of artificial pollination breeding method of hybridizing masson pine comprises through female parent selection, male parent selection, paternal pollen collection, paternal pollen processing, artificial pollination operation, and cultivate and obtain the masson pine hybrid seed, main operational steps is:
A, female parent selection: the masson pine plant female parent of in the masson pine seed garden, selecting to grow fine, do not have damage by disease and insect by composite design;
B, male parent are selected: the fine individual plant that grows fine, do not have damage by disease and insect in the selection standing forest is paternal plant;
C, paternal pollen collection: according to different paternal plant flowering habits and amblent air temperature difference, the pollen acquisition time is not quite similar; Middle part, Guangxi, southern areas masson pine, wet-land pine tree are generally gathered in February to March; Wet add pine and be generally and gather January to February; The pinus caribaea is generally and gathers December; When gathering pollen, on selected paternal plant, select the well-grown branch of tree crown middle and upper part male flower, cut 20cm-30cm with secateurs and take back water planting, collect pollen when treating male flower maturation loose powder;
D, paternal pollen are handled:
A, preservation: will collect good paternal pollen and number the Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only of putting into separately through high-temperature sterilization, in bottle, put into simultaneously an amount of dryer damp-proofing, cover tightly bottle stopper, with the difference separate sources, it is standby that the bottle that will fill pollen is then put into incubation chamber in bottle external pasting label; If pollen need not be put into refrigerator cold-storage for a long time, use to take out in preceding 2 days-3 days to get final product;
B, removal of impurities: in the room of neat and tidy, close door and window, lay a big slightly newspaper at smooth clean desktop or experimental bench, place an A4 printing paper on the newspaper again, placing a specification on printing paper is that 15cm * 15cm, aperture are the self-control screen cloth of 1mm * 1mm; Required pollen is taken out in incubation chamber, poured out an amount of pollen and be positioned on the screen cloth, rock screen cloth gently, remove foreign material and desiccant in the pollen;
C, dress powder: with the pollen of handling well, after perhaps pollen adds an amount of talcum powder and stirs, suck in the self-control pollinating tool,
With transparent rubberized fabric or paper clip sealing pollinating tool openend, adhesive label is taken the newspaper, A4 printing paper, the screen cloth that have used out of outdoor abandoning, and washes one's hands and waits to do the next paternal pollen of post processing; So repeat up to handling whole pollen; Knack is steady, light, accurate, fast in this process, and the excessive pollen of exempting to move flies upward;
F, artificial pollination:
A, maternal female flower bagging: maternal female flower bagging is that maternal female flower bagging is isolated, bagging time is generally February to March, male flower has grown 0.5cm-1cm, color is nattierblue or faint yellow as yet not in the loose powder, concrete operations are: on selected masson pine maternal plant, be 40cm * 15cm light transmission sheepskin paper bag preferably with specification, obvious differentiation is showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally or cone-scale presents rose pink fresh female flower and is inserted in the bag, with thin iron wire the bagging opening part is tightened and to be fixed on the branch, should not to stretch into sack dark excessively for the female flower style when noting bagging, to reserve enough spaces for the style late growing stage, if the masson pine branch is too soft, branch can be tied up with the masson pine pine needle, be avoided strong wind that bagging is blown away; After maternal plant finished bagging, should often observe a bag interior female flower growing state, if the female flower cone-scale opens fully to reach maturity and namely carries out artificial pollination;
B, pollination: with little scissors maternal female flower bagging is cut off one jiao during pollination, size is advisable conveniently observing female flower, stretch into the light spraying decoration powder of aligning female flower in the bag with the self-control pollinating tool, note not allowing instrument touch female flower, the pollen consumption is as the criterion can observe light yellow smog ejection, rapidly that the folding back of sheepskin bagging opening is fixing with 2-3 paper clip sealing immediately, avoid polluting, finish artificial pollination for the first time; Every one day sheepskin bagging opening is opened, by the first time method repeat the pollination once; Attention is pollinated with this bag of marking pen mark at bagging; If the various combination pollination is arranged on the same maternal plant, adopt the different colours marking pen to carry out marked differential; Make up with the different pollinations of different crust color aluminum steel marks at institute's bagging branch after pollination is finished, gather when convenient hybridization cone is ripe; The masson pine female cone is longer to maturation time from pollination, and unsuitable tension when branch is tied up aluminum steel is in order to avoid because late growing stage causes aluminum steel ankle injury pollination cone place branch, be easy to generate windbreak;
C, tear bagging open: after pollination is finished for the second time 6-7 days, remove the maternal isolation bagging of going up the pollination female flower; Action should be soft when removing bagging, avoids damage pollination female flower and the branch that fractures; Take back destruction after the bagging arrangement of removing, protection forest land assanation;
D, the seed of gathering: in late October next year to early November the gather seed of hybridization masson pine of pollination.
Above-described paternal plant is: wet-land pine tree, wet add in pine, pinus caribaea, the anti-pine caterpillars masson pine more than one.
Above-described self-control pollinating tool mainly is made of pressure air bag and conduit two parts, and the pressure air bag also plays the effect that pollen stores simultaneously; Described pressure air bag is the technically classified rubber ear washing bulb, and conduit is the plastic suction pipe of length 15cm-20cm; With sharp pocket knife the ear washing bulb opening part is handled earlier during making, again plastic suction pipe is placed in the ear washing bulb opening part, with transparent rubberized fabric with the junction sealing and fixing; If having observed pollen heaps in the junction, the slow back of pressing discharges and/or light finger elastic force pressure air bag when sucking pollen, and pollen no longer enters the pressure air bag and shows that then pollen fills.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention is according to the flowering habit feature of masson pine, effectively utilize female flower, male flower to bloom and the difference of maturation time, in time carry out bagging and isolate the influence avoid polluting with adverse weather, that construction is conducive to is female, the environment of male flower fertilization, the clear and definite purpose of masson pine crossbreeding has promoted breeding work efficient.
2, this artificial pollination breeding method, whole process is simple and easy to do, and to the less demanding of personnel of pollinating, production of forestry unit of basic unit also can skillfully use.Show through test of many times, the artificial pollinating method of the present invention is reliable and stable, simple to operate, with low cost, have for carrying out that form is perfectly straight, early growth rapidly, the crossbreeding of producing the masson pine of stable merits such as fat amount height and disease and insect resistance provides new technical method to select, and has favorable economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
State-owned in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to send the improvement of forest farm, Yangshan masson pine to carry out with the masson pine for seed orchard be maternal in March, 2010, wet-land pine tree, the wet Artificial Control pollination cross experiment that to add pine, pinus caribaea, anti-pine caterpillars masson pine be male parent, 141 combinations of pollinating altogether.Gather in October, 2011 to November and hybridize 131 combinations of seed of masson pine, all the other 10 combinations adopt conventional method to grow seedlings because branch windbreak or suffer that artificial destruction fails to pluck to cone amounts to 948.26 grams, now afforested and carried out the progeny test test, nursery stock grows fine.
Embodiment 2
State-ownedly in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region send the improvement of forest farm, Yangshan masson pine to carry out the complementary testing of embodiment 1 for seed orchard, 90 combinations of pollinating altogether in March, 2011.Gather in October, 2012 to November and hybridize 90 combinations of seed of masson pine, amount to 155.44 grams, adopt conventional method to grow seedlings, now afforested and carried out the progeny test test, nursery stock grows fine.
Embodiment 3
State-ownedly in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region send the improvement of forest farm, Yangshan masson pine to select 47 strain masson pines to carry out the artificial pollination cross experiment for seed orchard in March, 2010.
1, prepares before the pollination
The masson pine that damage by disease and insect was grown fine, do not have in selection is the plant female parent, and the wet-land pine tree fine individual plant that grows fine, do not have damage by disease and insect in the selection standing forest is paternal plant, gathers wet-land pine tree pollen in February.When gathering pollen, at the selected well-grown branch of wet-land pine tree tree crown middle and upper part male flower, cut 20cm-30cm with secateurs and take back water planting, collect pollen when treating male flower maturation loose powder.Put into Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only through high-temperature sterilization with collecting good paternal pollen numbering, put into an amount of dryer damp-proofing simultaneously in bottle, cover tightly bottle stopper, with the difference separate sources, it is standby that the bottle that will fill pollen is then put into incubation chamber in bottle external pasting label.During use, in the room of neat and tidy, close door and window, lay a big slightly newspaper at smooth clean desktop or experimental bench, place an A4 printing paper on the newspaper again, placing a specification on printing paper is that 15cm * 15cm, aperture are the self-control screen cloth of 1mm * 1mm; Required pollen is taken out in incubation chamber, poured out an amount of pollen and be positioned on the screen cloth, rock screen cloth gently, remove foreign material and desiccant in the pollen; The pollen of handling well is sucked in the self-control pollinating tool, and with transparent rubberized fabric sealing pollinating tool openend, adhesive label, knack is steady, light, accurate, fast in this process, and the excessive pollen of exempting to move flies upward.Take the newspaper, A4 printing paper, the screen cloth that have used out of outdoor abandoning.
2, artificial pollination
Earlier with masson pine female flower bagging, selection of time has grown 0.5cm-1cm at male flower, color is nattierblue or faint yellow as yet not in the loose powder, concrete operations are: on selected masson pine maternal plant, be 40cm * 15cm light transmission sheepskin paper bag preferably with specification, obvious differentiation is showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally or cone-scale presents rose pink fresh female flower and is inserted in the bag, with thin iron wire the bagging opening part is tightened and to be fixed on the branch, should not to stretch into sack dark excessively for the female flower style when noting bagging, to reserve enough spaces for the style late growing stage, if the masson pine branch is too soft, branch can be tied up with the masson pine pine needle, be avoided strong wind that bagging is blown away; After maternal plant finished bagging, often observe a female flower growing state in the bag, if the female flower cone-scale opens fully to reach maturity and namely carries out artificial pollination.
With little scissors maternal female flower bagging is cut off one jiao during pollination, size is advisable conveniently observing female flower, the self-control pollinating tool that installs wet-land pine tree pollen is stretched into the interior female flower of aiming at of bag gently squirt the ground pollen pini, note not allowing instrument touch female flower, wet-land pine tree pollen consumption is as the criterion can observe light yellow smog ejection, rapidly that the folding back of sheepskin bagging opening is fixing with 2-3 paper clip sealing immediately, avoid polluting, finish artificial pollination for the first time; Every one day sheepskin bagging opening is opened, by the first time method repeat the pollination once; On institute's bagging masson pine branch, mark with aluminum steel after pollination is finished, gather when convenient hybridization cone is ripe; The masson pine female cone is longer to maturation time from pollination, and unsuitable tension when branch is tied up aluminum steel is in order to avoid because late growing stage causes aluminum steel ankle injury pollination cone place branch, be easy to generate windbreak.
The maternal isolation bagging of going up the pollination female flower is removed in after for the second time pollination is finished the 6th day; Action should be soft when removing bagging, avoids damage pollination female flower and the branch that fractures; Take back destruction after the bagging arrangement of removing, protection forest land assanation.
3, the seed of gathering
In (on October 28th, 2011) the gather masson pine seed of wet-land pine tree hybridization of pollination late October next year.
4, breeding and afforestation test
What present embodiment was gathered is the hybridization masson pine seed of male parent with the wet-land pine tree, adopts conventional method to grow seedlings, and state-ownedly in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region sends forest farm, Yangshan afforestation to carry out the progeny test test in May, 2012, and nursery stock grows fine.
Embodiment 4
State-ownedly in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region send the improvement of forest farm, Yangshan masson pine to select 32 strain masson pines to carry out the artificial pollination cross experiment for seed orchard in March, 2010.
1, prepares before the pollination
The masson pine plant female parent of damage by disease and insect is grown fine, is not had in selection, select to grow fine, not have in the standing forest damage by disease and insect wet to add loose fine individual plant be paternal plant, gather the wet pollen pini that adds January; When gathering pollen, at the selected wet well-grown branch of pine tree hat middle and upper part male flower that adds, cut 20cm-30cm with secateurs and take back water planting, collect pollen when treating male flower maturation loose powder; Put into Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only through high-temperature sterilization with collecting good paternal pollen numbering, put into an amount of dryer damp-proofing simultaneously in bottle, cover tightly bottle stopper, with the difference separate sources, it is standby that the bottle that will fill pollen is then put into incubation chamber in bottle external pasting label; During use, in the room of neat and tidy, close door and window, lay a big slightly newspaper at smooth clean desktop or experimental bench, place an A4 printing paper on the newspaper again, placing a specification on printing paper is that 15cm * 15cm, aperture are the self-control screen cloth of 1mm * 1mm; Wet add pollen pini and in incubation chamber, take out required, pouring out an amount of wet pollen pini that adds is positioned on the screen cloth, rock screen cloth gently, remove wet add foreign material and desiccant in the pollen pini, add an amount of talcum powder and sieve evenly, the wet pollen pini of handling well that adds is sucked in the self-control pollinating tool, with transparent rubberized fabric sealing pollinating tool openend, knack is steady, light, accurate, fast in the adhesive label, this process, exempts to move from excessively wetly adding pollen pini and fly upward.Take the newspaper, A4 printing paper, the screen cloth that have used out of outdoor abandoning.
2, artificial pollination
Earlier with masson pine female flower bagging, it is nattierblue or faint yellow as yet not in the loose powder that selection of time has grown 0.5cm-1cm, color at male flower, concrete operations are: on selected masson pine maternal plant, be 40cm * 15cm light transmission sheepskin paper bag preferably with specification, obvious differentiation is showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally or cone-scale presents rose pink fresh female flower and is inserted in the bag, with thin iron wire the bagging opening part is tightened and to be fixed on the branch, should not to stretch into sack dark excessively for the female flower style when noting bagging, reserve enough spaces for the style late growing stage; If the masson pine branch is too soft, branch can be tied up with the masson pine pine needle, avoid strong wind that bagging is blown away; After the masson pine maternal plant finished bagging, should often observe a bag interior masson pine female flower growing state, if masson pine female flower cone-scale opens fully to reach maturity and namely carries out artificial pollination.
With little scissors the maternal female flower bagging of masson pine is cut off one jiao during pollination, size is advisable conveniently observing female flower, stretch into and aim at a female flower in the bag and gently squirt and add pollen pini the wet self-control pollinating tool that adds pollen pini is housed, note not allowing instrument touch female flower, the wet pollen pini consumption that adds is as the criterion can observe light yellow smog ejection, rapidly that the folding back of sheepskin bagging opening is fixing with 2-3 paper clip sealing immediately, avoid polluting, finish artificial pollination for the first time; Every one day sheepskin bagging opening is opened, by the first time method repeat the pollination once; On institute's bagging masson pine branch, mark with aluminum steel after pollination is finished, gather when convenient hybridization cone is ripe; The masson pine female cone is longer to maturation time from pollination, and unsuitable tension when branch is tied up aluminum steel is in order to avoid because late growing stage causes aluminum steel ankle injury pollination cone place branch, be easy to generate windbreak.
The maternal isolation bagging of going up the pollination female flower is removed in after for the second time pollination is finished the 6th day; Action should be soft when removing bagging, avoids damage pollination female flower and the branch that fractures; Take back destruction after the bagging arrangement of removing, protection forest land assanation.
3, the seed of gathering
In pollination late October next year wet masson pine seed that adds pine hybridization of (on October 28th, 2011) gathering.
4, breeding and afforestation test
The wet masson pine seed that adds pine hybridization with present embodiment is gathered adopts conventional method to grow seedlings, and state-ownedly in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region sends forest farm, Yangshan afforestation to carry out the progeny test test in May, 2012, and nursery stock grows fine.
Embodiment 5
State-ownedly in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region send the improvement of forest farm, Yangshan masson pine to select 33 strain masson pines to carry out the test of artificial pollination hybridization masson pine for seed orchard in March, 2010.
1, prepares before the pollination
The masson pine plant female parent of damage by disease and insect is grown fine, is not had in selection, and the pinus caribaea fine individual plant that grows fine, do not have damage by disease and insect in the selection standing forest is paternal plant, gathers pinus caribaea's pollen December; When gathering pollen, on selected pinus caribaea plant, select the well-grown branch of tree crown middle and upper part male flower, cut 20cm-30cm with secateurs and take back water planting, collect pollen when treating male flower maturation loose powder; Put into Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only through high-temperature sterilization with collecting good pinus caribaea's pollen numbering, put into an amount of dryer damp-proofing simultaneously in bottle, cover tightly bottle stopper, with the difference separate sources, it is standby that the bottle that will fill pollen is then put into incubation chamber in bottle external pasting label; During use, in the room of neat and tidy, close door and window, lay a big slightly newspaper at smooth clean desktop or experimental bench, place an A4 printing paper on the newspaper again, placing a specification on printing paper is that 15cm * 15cm, aperture are the self-control screen cloth of 1mm * 1mm; Required pinus caribaea's pollen is taken out in incubation chamber, pouring out an amount of pinus caribaea's pollen is positioned on the screen cloth, rock screen cloth gently, remove foreign material and desiccant in pinus caribaea's pollen, again pinus caribaea's pollen of handling well is sucked in the self-control pollinating tool, with transparent rubberized fabric sealing pollinating tool openend, adhesive label, knack is steady, light, accurate, fast in this process, and the excessive pollen of exempting to move flies upward.Take the newspaper, A4 printing paper, the screen cloth that have used out of outdoor abandoning.
2, artificial pollination
Earlier with masson pine female flower bagging, it is nattierblue or faint yellow as yet not in the loose powder that selection of time has grown 0.5cm-1cm, color at male flower, concrete operations are: on selected masson pine maternal plant, be 40cm * 15cm light transmission sheepskin paper bag preferably with specification, obvious differentiation is showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally or cone-scale presents rose pink fresh female flower and is inserted in the bag, with thin iron wire the bagging opening part is tightened and to be fixed on the branch, should not to stretch into sack dark excessively for the female flower style when noting bagging, reserve enough spaces for the style late growing stage; If the masson pine branch is too soft, branch can be tied up with the masson pine pine needle, avoid strong wind that bagging is blown away; After maternal plant finished bagging, should often observe a bag interior female flower growing state, if the female flower cone-scale opens fully to reach maturity and namely carries out artificial pollination.
With little scissors maternal female flower bagging is cut off one jiao during pollination, size is advisable conveniently observing female flower, the self-control pollinating tool that pinus caribaea's pollen is housed is stretched in the bag, aim at the light spraying decoration powder of female flower, note not allowing instrument touch female flower, pinus caribaea's pollen consumption is as the criterion can observe light yellow smog ejection, seals the folding back of sheepskin bagging opening fixing with 2-3 paper clip rapidly immediately, avoid polluting, finish artificial pollination for the first time; Every one day sheepskin bagging opening is opened, by the first time method repeat the pollination once; On institute's bagging masson pine branch, mark with aluminum steel after pollination is finished, gather when convenient hybridization cone is ripe; The masson pine female cone is longer to maturation time from pollination, and unsuitable tension when branch is tied up aluminum steel is in order to avoid because late growing stage causes aluminum steel ankle injury pollination cone place branch, be easy to generate windbreak.
The maternal isolation bagging of going up the pollination female flower is removed in after for the second time pollination is finished the 6th day; Action should be soft when removing bagging, avoids damage pollination female flower and the branch that fractures; Take back destruction after the bagging arrangement of removing, protection forest land assanation.
3, the seed of gathering
In (on October 29th, 2011) the gather masson pine seed of pinus caribaea's hybridization of pollination late October next year.
4, breeding and afforestation test
The pinus caribaea that present embodiment is gathered is hybridized masson pine seed, adopt conventional method to grow seedlings, state-ownedly in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region send forest farm, Yangshan afforestation to carry out the progeny test test in May, 2012, nursery stock grows fine.
Embodiment 6
State-ownedly in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region send the improvement of forest farm, Yangshan masson pine to select 10 strain masson pines to carry out the test of artificial pollination hybridization masson pine for seed orchard in March, 2010.
1, prepares before the pollination
The masson pine plant female parent of damage by disease and insect is grown fine, is not had in selection, and the fine individual plant of the anti-pine caterpillars masson pine that grows fine in the selection standing forest is paternal plant, gathers anti-pine caterpillars masson pine pollen February; When gathering pollen, on selected anti-pine caterpillars masson pine plant, select the well-grown branch of tree crown middle and upper part male flower, cut 20cm-30cm with secateurs and take back water planting, collect pollen when treating male flower maturation loose powder; Number the Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only of putting into through high-temperature sterilization with collecting good anti-pine caterpillars masson pine pollen, in bottle, put into simultaneously an amount of dryer damp-proofing, cover tightly bottle stopper, with the difference separate sources, it is standby that the bottle that will fill pollen is then put into incubation chamber in bottle external pasting label; During use, in the room of neat and tidy, close door and window, lay a big slightly newspaper at smooth clean desktop or experimental bench, place an A4 printing paper on the newspaper again, placing a specification on printing paper is that 15cm * 15cm, aperture are the self-control screen cloth of 1mm * 1mm; Required anti-pine caterpillars masson pine pollen is taken out in incubation chamber, pouring out an amount of anti-pine caterpillars masson pine pollen is positioned on the screen cloth, rock screen cloth gently, remove foreign material and desiccant in the anti-pine caterpillars masson pine pollen, the anti-pine caterpillars masson pine pollen that to handle well again sucks in the self-control pollinating tool, with transparent rubberized fabric sealing pollinating tool openend, adhesive label, knack is steady, light, accurate, fast in this process, and the excessive pollen of exempting to move flies upward.Take the newspaper, A4 printing paper, the screen cloth that have used out of outdoor abandoning.
2, artificial pollination
Earlier with masson pine female flower bagging, it is nattierblue or faint yellow as yet not in the loose powder that selection of time has grown 0.5cm-1cm, color at male flower, concrete operations are: on selected masson pine maternal plant, be 40cm * 15cm light transmission sheepskin paper bag preferably with specification, obvious differentiation is showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally or cone-scale presents rose pink fresh female flower and is inserted in the bag, with thin iron wire the bagging opening part is tightened and to be fixed on the branch, should not to stretch into sack dark excessively for the female flower style when noting bagging, reserve enough spaces for the style late growing stage; If the masson pine branch is too soft, branch can be tied up with the masson pine pine needle, avoid strong wind that bagging is blown away; After maternal plant finished bagging, should often observe a bag interior female flower growing state, if the female flower cone-scale opens fully to reach maturity and namely carries out artificial pollination.
With little scissors maternal female flower bagging is cut off one jiao during pollination, size is advisable conveniently observing female flower, the self-control pollinating tool that anti-pine caterpillars masson pine pollen is housed is stretched in the bag, aim at the light spraying decoration powder of female flower, note not allowing instrument touch female flower, anti-pine caterpillars masson pine pollen consumption is as the criterion can observe light yellow smog ejection, seals the folding back of sheepskin bagging opening fixing with 2-3 paper clip rapidly immediately, avoid polluting, finish artificial pollination for the first time; Every one day sheepskin bagging opening is opened, by the first time method repeat the pollination once; On institute's bagging masson pine branch, mark with aluminum steel after pollination is finished, gather when convenient hybridization cone is ripe; The masson pine female cone is longer to maturation time from pollination, and unsuitable tension when branch is tied up aluminum steel is in order to avoid because late growing stage causes aluminum steel ankle injury pollination cone place branch, be easy to generate windbreak.
The maternal isolation bagging of going up the pollination female flower is removed in after for the second time pollination is finished the 6th day; Action should be soft when removing bagging, avoids damage pollination female flower and the branch that fractures; Take back destruction after the bagging arrangement of removing, protection forest land assanation.
3, the seed of gathering
In (on October 29th, 2011) the gather masson pine seed of anti-pine caterpillars masson pine hybridization of pollination late October next year.
4, breeding and afforestation test
Anti-pine caterpillars masson pine hybridization masson pine seed with present embodiment is gathered adopts conventional method to grow seedlings, and state-ownedly in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region sends forest farm, Yangshan afforestation to carry out the progeny test test in May, 2012, and nursery stock grows fine.
Claims (3)
1. artificial pollination breeding method of hybridizing masson pine is characterized in that: comprise through female parent selection, male parent selection, paternal pollen collection, paternal pollen handle, the artificial pollination operation, cultivate and obtain the masson pine hybrid seed, main operational steps is:
A, female parent selection: the masson pine plant female parent of selecting to grow fine, do not have damage by disease and insect;
B, male parent are selected: the advantage pine that grows fine, do not have damage by disease and insect in the selection standing forest is paternal plant;
C, paternal pollen collection: according to different paternal plant flowering habits and amblent air temperature difference, the pollen acquisition time is not quite similar; Middle part, Guangxi, southern areas masson pine, wet-land pine tree are generally gathered in February to March; Wet add pine and be generally and gather January to February; The pinus caribaea is generally and gathers December; When gathering pollen, on selected paternal plant, select the well-grown branch of tree crown middle and upper part male flower, cut 20cm-30cm with secateurs and take back water planting, collect pollen when treating male flower maturation loose powder;
D, paternal pollen are handled:
A, preservation: will collect good paternal pollen and number the Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only of putting into separately through high-temperature sterilization, in bottle, put into simultaneously an amount of dryer damp-proofing, cover tightly bottle stopper, with the difference separate sources, it is standby that the bottle that will fill pollen is then put into incubation chamber in bottle external pasting label;
B, removal of impurities: in the room of neat and tidy, close door and window, lay a big slightly newspaper at smooth clean desktop or experimental bench, place an A4 printing paper on the newspaper again, placing a specification on printing paper is that 15cm * 15cm, aperture are the self-control screen cloth of 1mm * 1mm; Required pollen is taken out in incubation chamber, poured out an amount of pollen and be positioned on the screen cloth, rock screen cloth gently, remove foreign material and desiccant in the pollen;
C, dress powder: with the pollen of handling well, after perhaps pollen adds an amount of talcum powder and stirs, suck in the self-control pollinating tool, with transparent rubberized fabric or paper clip sealing pollinating tool openend, adhesive label, take the newspaper, A4 printing paper, the screen cloth that have used out of outdoor abandoning, wash one's hands and wait to do the next paternal pollen of post processing; So repeat up to handling whole pollen; Knack is steady, light, accurate, fast in this process, and the excessive pollen of exempting to move flies upward;
E, artificial pollination:
A, maternal female flower bagging: maternal female flower bagging is that maternal female flower bagging is isolated, bagging time is chosen in male flower and has grown 0.5cm-1cm, color is nattierblue or faint yellow as yet not in the loose powder, concrete operations are: on selected masson pine maternal plant, be 40cm * 15cm light transmission sheepskin paper bag preferably with specification, obvious differentiation is showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally or cone-scale presents rose pink fresh female flower and is inserted in the bag, with thin iron wire the bagging opening part is tightened and to be fixed on the branch, should not to stretch into sack dark excessively for the female flower style when noting bagging, to reserve enough spaces for the style late growing stage, if the masson pine branch is too soft, branch can be tied up with the masson pine pine needle, be avoided strong wind that bagging is blown away; After maternal plant finished bagging, should often observe a bag interior female flower growing state, if the female flower cone-scale opens fully to reach maturity and namely carries out artificial pollination;
B, pollination: with little scissors maternal female flower bagging is cut off one jiao during pollination, size is advisable conveniently observing female flower, stretch into the light spraying decoration powder of aligning female flower in the bag with the self-control pollinating tool, note not allowing instrument touch female flower, the pollen consumption is as the criterion can observe light yellow smog ejection, rapidly that the folding back of sheepskin bagging opening is fixing with 2-3 paper clip sealing immediately, avoid polluting, finish artificial pollination for the first time; Every one day sheepskin bagging opening is opened, by the first time method repeat the pollination once; Attention is pollinated with this bag of marking pen mark at bagging; If the various combination pollination is arranged on the same maternal plant, adopt the different colours marking pen to carry out marked differential; Make up with the different pollinations of different crust color aluminum steel marks at institute's bagging branch after pollination is finished, gather when convenient hybridization cone is ripe; The masson pine female cone is longer to maturation time from pollination, and unsuitable tension when branch is tied up aluminum steel is in order to avoid because late growing stage causes aluminum steel ankle injury pollination cone place branch, be easy to generate windbreak;
C, tear bagging open: after pollination is finished for the second time 6-7 days, remove the maternal isolation bagging of going up the pollination female flower; Action should be soft when removing bagging, avoids damage pollination female flower and the branch that fractures; Take back destruction after the bagging arrangement of removing, protection forest land assanation;
D, the seed of gathering: in the seed of the hybridization masson pine of gathering October to November then.
2. the artificial pollination breeding method of the described hybridization of root a tree name claim 1 masson pine, it is characterized in that: described paternal plant is: wet-land pine tree, wetly add in pine, pinus caribaea, the anti-pine caterpillars masson pine more than one.
3. the artificial pollination breeding method of the described hybridization of root a tree name claim 1 masson pine, it is characterized in that: described self-control pollinating tool mainly is made of pressure air bag and conduit two parts, and the pressure air bag also plays the effect that pollen stores simultaneously; Described pressure air bag is the technically classified rubber ear washing bulb, conduit is the plastic suction pipe of length 15cm-20cm, with sharp pocket knife the ear washing bulb opening part is handled earlier during making, again plastic suction pipe is placed in the ear washing bulb opening part, with transparent rubberized fabric with the junction sealing and fixing; If having observed pollen heaps in the junction, the slow back of pressing discharges and/or light finger elastic force pressure air bag when sucking pollen, and pollen no longer enters the pressure air bag and shows that then pollen fills.
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| CN103688849A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-02 | 铜仁市满堂红农业科技有限公司 | Lagerstroemia plant castration-free locellus isolation bagging crossbreeding method |
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| CN105494084A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-04-20 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Artificial pollination method for Tunisia soft-seed punica granatum variety |
| CN105900613A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-31 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | Orange pollen rapid drying collecting method |
| CN105900613B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2018-09-21 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of method that the rapid draing of citrus pollen is collected |
| CN107333647A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-11-10 | 湛江市农业科学研究院（广东省（湛江）区域性农业试验中心） | A kind of labeling method of plant hybridization breeding combination |
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