CN105123496A - Paddy rice hybridization method - Google Patents
Paddy rice hybridization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123496A CN105123496A CN201510424528.6A CN201510424528A CN105123496A CN 105123496 A CN105123496 A CN 105123496A CN 201510424528 A CN201510424528 A CN 201510424528A CN 105123496 A CN105123496 A CN 105123496A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of paddy rice seed breeding, especially relates to a paddy rice hybridization method with castration through glume cutting and alcohol spraying, and aims to increase the varietal hybridization matching efficiency of paddy rice. The paddy rice hybridization method includes the steps of uniformly spraying 60-80% of medicinal alcohol on ears of rice of a female parent plant, of which 1/2-2/3 of glume hull has been cut, for performing castration and disinfection, covering the treated female parent plant by a light-proof kraft paper bag, and performing pollination at proper time and harvesting the hybridization seeds. The hybridization method is mainly characterized in that by means of the medicinal alcohol for spraying the ears of rice which has been pruned and glume-cut. The raw materials are easy to obtain. The method is low in cost, is convenient to carry out, is simple and is easy to learn, is greatly reduced in castration time compared with other relative methods in the prior art, and is greatly improved in efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rice breeding technology field, particularly relate to a kind of paddy rice cross breeding method cutting the emasculation of grain husk spray alcohol, improve rice varieties hybridization combo efficiency.
Background technology
Paddy rice is one of most important cereal crops in the world, and the cereal crops that Ye Shi China is maximum, have very important status in grain-production.Paddy rice cross breeding combo improves the indispensable important step of rice varieties proterties in rice breeding work.
A kind of excellent paddy rice cross breeding method alleviates working strength for field hybridization combo, increases work efficiency, to accelerate rearing new variety speed significant.Artificial tweezers emasculation hybrid method, workload is large, efficiency is low, slightly careless, can damage floral organ, reduces ripening rate, has been difficult to the target of a large amount of combo within limited flowering stage.Lukewarm water gametocide hybrid method, field operation inconvenience, need prepare warm water, water container in advance, dig plant, plant etc., and temperature is scalded rice straw in process and easily fractureed, and the kind grain husk shell that the husks such as japonica rice are slightly thick is not easily sealed off by warm water.Vacuum emasculation hybrid method, needs to be equipped with Special Equipment, electricity consumption, the kind that thousand kernel weight is lower or clever shell is thinner, operation operating difficulties.Cut grain husk water spray emasculation hybrid method, fill water in clever shell and affect female organ vigor, hybridization bag humidity is excessive, and seed easily goes mouldy, and seed vitality is poor.For this reason, invent a kind ofly be convenient to field operation, castration method for rice hyberdization that efficiency is high seems extremely important.
Summary of the invention
, efficiency not high, solid rate variance, seed time-consuming for the current paddy rice cross breeding combo problem such as easily mould, germination rate is low, by cutting grain husk spray alcohol, reaching emasculation goes mould, dart transfer, raises the efficiency the object with percentage of seedgermination, for rearing new variety provides service.
In order to realize above-mentioned object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of paddy rice cross breeding method, the method select 60 ~ 80% medicinal alcohols evenly to spray maternal plant spike of rice emasculation sterilization that solarization has cut off 2/1 to three/2nds clever shells, puts light tight kraft paper bag, the hybrid seed of pollination results in good time.
As preferably, described cross method parental plant is selected as follows:
1) maternal plant spike of rice is selected: in conjunction with breeding objective, select the paddy rice govern-house-variety of local spread, and the plant that spike of rice is extracted out completely or part is extracted out does maternal plant, selects top to have 1/3rd to open colored spike of rice as maternal plant spike of rice;
2) paternal plant spike of rice is selected, and in conjunction with breeding objective, select to have objective trait, spike of rice is extracted out completely or part is extracted out, and the plant that the same day can bloom makes paternal plant, chooses the spike of rice prosperous, pollen amount is sufficient of blooming as male parent spike of rice.
As preferably, the preparation of described maternal plant spike of rice is as follows: cut off maternal plant spike of rice top with scissors and opened the branch stalk and spike of rice bottom not yet fully-developed branch stalk spent completely, then the grain stayed on the branch stalk of middle part is examined by grain, every transparent, interior inantherate grain should cut off from branch stalk, opaque, in have the grain of flower pesticide should cut off the clever shell on top 2/1 to three/2nds, specifically with the flower pesticide broken in grain and the female organ that do not injure in grain for standard.
As preferably, the method for described emasculation sterilization is as follows: with filling the watering can of medicinal alcohol to spike of rice even spraying, make the pollen in residual flower pesticide fully absorb medicinal alcohol swelling fracture inactivation, and medicinal alcohol has the dry and bacterium that disappears rapidly concurrently and goes mould effect; Put the light tight brown paper hybridization bag that two is open, the below of bag is amounted to along rice straw and not go up pin or clip makes it be fixed on plant afterwards, and the top record book in accordion form of bag is folded and prevented other pollen from floating in hybridization bag to cause and mix.
As preferably, the method of described pollination is as follows: the maternal plant spike of rice after spray alcohol emasculation bagging, in noon on the same day or artificial pollination at noon next day, select male parent spike of rice, flower scissors of blooming is cut spike of rice large for pollen amount gently at fringe neck place, spike of rice puts into the maternal plant brown paper hybridization bag of preparation down gently, quick left rotation and right rotation male parent fringe neck, paternal pollen is fully dropped on maternal plant spike of rice, reaches the object of pollination.
As preferably, pollinate latter 15 days to 20 days, hybrid seed can be gathered in the crops.
As preferably, the method selects concentration of volume percent to be 70% medicinal alcohol.
Main feature of the present invention is: utilize medicinal alcohol to spray the spike of rice of seacteur grain husk, and raw material are simple and easy to get, it is cheap, convenient and simple for operation easy to learn to be worth.Compared to other correlation technique current, the emasculation time shortens greatly, and efficiency improves greatly.The hybrid seed that the present invention obtains has following beneficial features:
(1) ripening rate is high.Do not damage floral organ in operating process, medicinal alcohol concentration is appropriately effective, guarantees pollen swelling fracture inactivation, and after pollination, Cross fertile rate is high.
(2) mould variability is low.Medicinal alcohol has dry disinfection effect to spike of rice, effective killing pathogenic bacteria insect, reduces the mould variability of seed.
(3) thousand kernel weight is high.Seed affects little by germ, insect pest, and growth is normal, and be in the milk, thousand kernel weight is high.
(4) germination rate is high.Seed is full, and vigor is prosperous, and germination rate is high.
Embodiment
A kind of paddy rice cross breeding method, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) maternal plant is selected.Need in conjunction with breeding objective, select the paddy rice govern-house-variety of local spread, spike of rice is extracted out completely or part is extracted out, but still has the plant that more grain is not yet bloomed to do maternal plant.
(2) paternal plant is selected.In conjunction with breeding objective, select to have objective trait, spike of rice is extracted out completely or part is extracted out, and the plant that the same day can bloom makes paternal plant.
(3) maternal plant spike of rice prepares.Cut off maternal plant spike of rice top with scissors and open the branch stalk and spike of rice bottom not yet fully-developed branch stalk spent completely.Opening the phenotypic characteristic spent completely is that grain on branch stalk is transparent, without flower pesticide in grain; Not yet fully-developed phenotypic characteristic be branch stalk on grain color be also in light green color or white, grain is opaque, has flower pesticide in grain.Then the grain stayed on the branch stalk of middle part is examined by grain, every transparent, interior inantherate grain should cut off from branch stalk, opaque, in have the grain of flower pesticide should cut off the clever shell on top 2/1 to three/2nds, specifically with the flower pesticide broken in grain and the female organ that do not injure in grain for standard.
(4) emasculation bagging.With the watering can filling 70% medicinal alcohol, above-mentioned scissors is cut off to the spike of rice even spraying of rice glume 2/1 to three/2nds, make the pollen in residual flower pesticide fully absorb alcohol swelling fracture inactivation, 70% alcohol has the dry and bacterium that disappears rapidly concurrently and goes mould effect.Put the light tight brown paper hybridization bag that two is open, the below of bag is amounted to along rice straw and not go up pin or clip makes it be fixed on plant afterwards, and the top record book in accordion form of bag is folded and prevented other pollen from floating in hybridization bag to cause and mix.Hybridization bag is write the variety name of maternal plant and the plant number of field planting.
(5) hybridization pollination.Maternal plant spike of rice after spray alcohol emasculation bagging, should in noon on the same day or artificial pollination at noon next day.Select the male parent spike of rice of claim 2 (2), flower scissors of blooming is cut spike of rice large for pollen amount gently at fringe neck place, spike of rice is put into gently preprepared maternal plant brown paper hybridization bag down, quick left rotation and right rotation male parent fringe neck, paternal pollen is fully dropped on maternal plant spike of rice, reaches the object of pollination.Run into blow, rainy weather, hybridization pollination can be applied " getting the combination tool (ZL201320566583.5) of pollen in the work of a kind of paddy rice test cross ".Hybridization bag is write the variety name of paternal plant and the plant number of field planting, the hybridization date.
(6) pollinate latter 15 days to 20 days, hybrid seed can be gathered in the crops.Cross early harvest, seed is green, does not have full maturity, affects germination rate.Cross white harvest, seed crineous, excessively ripe, cut clever place and occur slight crack, increase mould changeable probability, affect germination rate.In good time results, seed transfers ripe look to from green.
Application example
The proterties that late japonica rice variety Zhejiang round-grained rice 22 (New species right in plant CNA20070398.6) ripe phase of improvement Zhejiang Province spread is partially slow, combo is hybridized, seed selection high-quality, high yield, disease-resistant, precocious late japonica rice new varieties with No. 9, Su Xiu (New species right in plant CNA20070657.8) comparatively early of ripe phase.
Zhejiang round-grained rice 22 is late japonica rice new varieties (rice 2006013 is examined in Zhejiang) of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science crop and the seed selection of nuclear technique research on utilization institute, and 2006 by Zhejiang Province's variety certification.This kind has the advantages that output is high, resistance, rice are of fine quality, in Zhejiang Province's large scale application, but partially slow for breeding time in Northern Zhejiang area plantation.
No. 9, Su Xiu is the japonica rice new varieties (state examines rice 2009044) of Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province research of agricultural science institute seed selection, and 2009 by national variety certification.This kind has that output is higher, better resistance, rice matter more excellent, ripe phase feature comparatively early, is suitable for planting along Huaihe River and Northern Area of Huaihe River along Huang, Southern Shandong Province, Huaibei district of Jiangsu province, Anhui in Henan.
Select growth neat and consistent, representational Zhejiang round-grained rice 22 plant is maternal, and cutting the emasculation of grain husk spray alcohol, is male parent with No. 9, Su Xiu, hybridization combo.And then take Zhejiang round-grained rice 22 as the F of recurrent parent and above-mentioned hybrid combination
1hybrid is male parent, backcrosses once, the prematurity of No. 9, Su Xiu is imported in Zhejiang round-grained rice 22 with the cross method of same spray alcohol emasculation, and seed selection is suitable for that the output of Zhejiang Province's popularizing planting is high, resistance, rice phase of fine quality, ripe new varieties early.
Claims (7)
1. a paddy rice cross breeding method, it is characterized in that: the method selects concentration of volume percent to be the maternal plant spike of rice emasculation sterilization that 60 ~ 80% medicinal alcohols evenly spray that solarization has cut off 2/1 to three/2nds clever shells, put light tight kraft paper bag, the hybrid seed of pollination results in good time.
2. a kind of paddy rice cross breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that parental plant is selected:
1) maternal plant spike of rice is selected: in conjunction with breeding objective, select the paddy rice govern-house-variety of local spread, and the plant that spike of rice is extracted out completely or part is extracted out does maternal plant, selects top to have 1/3rd to open colored spike of rice as maternal plant spike of rice;
2) paternal plant spike of rice is selected, and in conjunction with breeding objective, select to have objective trait, spike of rice is extracted out completely or part is extracted out, and the plant that the same day can bloom makes paternal plant, chooses the spike of rice prosperous, pollen amount is sufficient of blooming as male parent spike of rice.
3. a kind of paddy rice cross breeding method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that the preparation of maternal plant spike of rice: cut off maternal plant spike of rice top with scissors and opened the branch stalk and spike of rice bottom not yet fully-developed branch stalk spent completely, then the grain stayed on the branch stalk of middle part is examined by grain, every transparent, interior inantherate grain should cut off from branch stalk, opaque, in have the grain of flower pesticide should cut off the clever shell on top 2/1 to three/2nds, specifically with the flower pesticide broken in grain and the female organ that do not injure in grain for standard.
4. a kind of paddy rice cross breeding method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that the method that emasculation is sterilized is as follows: with filling the watering can of medicinal alcohol to spike of rice even spraying, make the pollen in residual flower pesticide fully absorb medicinal alcohol swelling fracture inactivation, medicinal alcohol has the dry and bacterium that disappears rapidly concurrently and goes mould effect; Put the light tight brown paper hybridization bag that two is open, the below of bag is amounted to along rice straw and not go up pin or clip makes it be fixed on plant afterwards, and the top record book in accordion form of bag is folded and prevented other pollen from floating in hybridization bag to cause and mix.
5. a kind of paddy rice cross breeding method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that the method for pollinating is as follows: the maternal plant spike of rice after spray alcohol emasculation bagging, in noon on the same day or artificial pollination at noon next day, select male parent spike of rice, flower scissors of blooming is cut spike of rice large for pollen amount gently at fringe neck place, spike of rice puts into the maternal plant brown paper hybridization bag of preparation down gently, quick left rotation and right rotation male parent fringe neck, paternal pollen is fully dropped on maternal plant spike of rice, reaches the object of pollination.
6. a kind of paddy rice cross breeding method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that latter 15 days to 20 days of pollination, hybrid seed can be gathered in the crops.
7. a kind of paddy rice cross breeding method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that the method selects concentration of volume percent to be 70% medicinal alcohol.
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| CN201510424528.6A CN105123496A (en) | 2015-07-17 | 2015-07-17 | Paddy rice hybridization method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105684801A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-22 | 安徽理想种业有限公司 | Paddy rice early flowering method |
| CN107435079A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-12-05 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Utilize the method for the wide affine rice material of Anther Culture quick breeding |
| CN109906936A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-21 | 永州市农业科学研究所 | A kind of rice sexual hybridization method |
| CN114600766A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-10 | 柳州市农业科学研究中心 | Hybridization method for rice breeding |
Citations (3)
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| CN102783408A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2012-11-21 | 江苏丰源种业有限公司 | Method for killing male of japonica rice by warm water |
| CN103430833A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 江西省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Novel male-killing method for sexual hybridization of rice |
| CN103733984A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-23 | 泗洪县原种场丰收种业有限公司 | Castration method for rice hyberdization |
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2015
- 2015-07-17 CN CN201510424528.6A patent/CN105123496A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102783408A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2012-11-21 | 江苏丰源种业有限公司 | Method for killing male of japonica rice by warm water |
| CN103430833A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 江西省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Novel male-killing method for sexual hybridization of rice |
| CN103733984A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-23 | 泗洪县原种场丰收种业有限公司 | Castration method for rice hyberdization |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| SOEPRIJA、蒋元霜等: "应用酒精粗浸渍法进行甘蔗花穗杀雄", 《国外农学：甘蔗》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105684801A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-22 | 安徽理想种业有限公司 | Paddy rice early flowering method |
| CN107435079A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-12-05 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Utilize the method for the wide affine rice material of Anther Culture quick breeding |
| CN109906936A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-21 | 永州市农业科学研究所 | A kind of rice sexual hybridization method |
| CN109906936B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-27 | 永州市农业科学研究所 | Sexual hybridization method for rice |
| CN114600766A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-10 | 柳州市农业科学研究中心 | Hybridization method for rice breeding |
| CN114600766B (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2023-03-14 | 柳州市农业科学研究中心 | Hybridization method for rice breeding |
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Application publication date: 20151209 |