CN104170725A - Method for breeding high-yield disease-resistant collard - Google Patents
Method for breeding high-yield disease-resistant collard Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding high-yield disease-resistant collard. The method comprises the following steps: by taking a cytoplasmic male sterility source'green ball' as a female parent, hybridizing with a selfing line 03-4, performing backcross on five generations, thereby obtaining cytoplasmic male sterility CMS05; by taking the cytoplasmic male sterility CMS05 as a female parent, hybridizing with a selfing line 05-1, thereby obtaining a first-filial generation CMS061; and hybridizing the first-filial generation CMS061 and a selfing line 05-7, thereby obtaining curly leaf dark red collard'Fengyu' which is high in yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, infertility-resistant, high in stress resistance and easy to cultivate. According to the method, the labor and cost can be obviously saved, the breeding time is greatly shortened, the bred variety can partially remain hybrid vigor of the original hybrid variety in a novel hybrid variety, and the obtained product has the advantages of strong plant growth vigor, thick leaves, bright color, juiciness, high yield, disease resistance, cold resistance, infertility resistance and high stress resistance and is high-quality feed of dairy cattle, the net weight of a single plant is over 80kg, 3000 plants are cultivated per mu, and the yield is 24000kg per mu.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a kind of high yield, disease-resistant kale, especially utilize the rapid breeding method of cytoplasmic male sterile line formula feed with hybridization kale, belong to plant cultivation technical field.
Background technology
Kale (Brassica oleracea var.acephala f.tricolor.) is a biennial herb plant of China and world many countries kind value, is the horticultural variety of edible wild cabbage (cabbage).Plantlet formation rosette-stape leafage, can divide high type and dwarf forms by height; Divide wrinkle leaf, do not wrinkle leaf and drastic crack leaf kind by the form of leaf; By color, that marginal convolution has is emerald green, bottle green, celadon, yellow green, and middle lobus cardiacus has the kinds such as pure white, yellowish, yellowish pink, rose-red, purplish red.Wherein calcic rate is 10%, retinol1 33%, vitamin C 134%.
Because its hybrid vigour is obvious, therefore heterosis breeding becomes the main path of kale breeding.Produce at present upper use good edible or view and admire kale kind almost entirely for utilizing the self incompatible line production of hybrid seeds or utilizing the half-blood of male sterile line preparation.But utilize the self incompatible line production of hybrid seeds, and spend a large amount of manpowers and time carries out parent's breeding by artificial bud pollination, and cost is very high, and popularizing area is restricted by production of hybrid seeds amount also.More disadvantageously, parent is long-term makes it produce vitality degeneration from transaction, and some good proterties are lost.In addition, utilize self incompatible line production of hybrid seeds hybrid rate to be difficult to reach 100%, can affect the purity of hybrid.Therefore, kale breeders are devoted to for a long time the seed selection of kale male sterile line always and utilize research, and have also obtained breakthrough progress.
At the beginning of 21 century, male sterile line preparation good edible or view and admire kale new varieties and start to appear on the market, the feature of these new varieties is that hybrid rate reaches 100%, regularity is good, is deeply subject to the welcome in the producer and market.Various places have selected many good kale new varieties that eat or view and admire at present, and pass through country or economize (district, city) level and authorize, in each department popularization, but fewer with the seed selection of the new mouth kind of hybridization kale as feed.Because kale blade is large, juice is many, delicious and loose leaf, not balling, the feature such as cold-resistant, along with the development of the emerging aquaculture such as poultry, milk cow, need new mouthful of seed selection of planting of increasing feed hybridization kale, particularly filter out this area and be applicable to winter growth, high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, used as fodder hybridization kale new varieties, fill up feed shortage, and for the development of the emerging aquaculture such as poultry, milk cow, to provide feed to ensure particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defect existing according to prior art, propose one and utilize the first preparing hybrid generation of cytoplasmic male sterile line, prepare again triple hybrid, cultivate the rapid breeding method of high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, used as fodder hybridization kale new varieties, the method can significantly save work and economize this, greatly shortens breeding time, and the kind high yield selecting, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, cultivation easily, is the high-quality feed of milk cow.
The present invention is technical solution problem by the following technical programs, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, using high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant head cabbage cytoplasmic male sterilty source " green ball " as maternal, with stable high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, shallowly split bright red kale inbred line 03-4 and first hybridize, after 5 generations that backcrossed, obtain high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, shallowly split bright red kale cytoplasm male sterility line CMS05;
Step 2, with stable high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, shallowly split bright red kale cytoplasm male sterility line CMS05 as female parent, hybridize with stable high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale inbred line of roundleaf 05-1, obtain high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale first-filial generation of roundleaf CMS061;
Step 3, be hybridized as male parent with high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, roundleaf dark red kale first-filial generation CMS061 and high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale inbred line of wrinkle leaf 05-7, obtain high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, cultivation is easy to the wrinkle dark red kale of leaf " Feng Yu ".
Step 4, in the time of early August, by dark red described roundleaf kale first-filial generation CMS061 for maternal with sow taking high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale inbred line of wrinkle leaf 05-7 as male parent.
Step 5, in the time of early September, the seedling of described female parent and male parent is pressed to 3:1 field planting to seed farm, the vernalization of surviving the winter under natural low temperature in the winter time;
Step 6, next spring when plant blossom after field planting, are let alone open pollination;
After step 5, florescence finish, pull out the paternal plant in seed farm;
Step 7, the seed gathering from maternal plant after seed maturity, be the seed of hybridizing kale " Feng Yu ".
The present invention is further technical solution problem by the following technical programs:
The cytoplasmic male sterilty of head cabbage described in step 1 source " green ball " is as maternal, with stable high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, shallowly split bright red kale inbred line 03-4 and first hybridize, after 5 generations that backcrossed, obtain high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, shallowly split bright red kale cytoplasm male sterility line CMS05; Male parent is at least five generations, to obtain the kale inbred line that botany proterties is stable, coordinate force is good, pollen amount is large by continuous selfing, directed selection.
Shallowly described in step 2 split bright red kale cytoplasm male sterility line CMS05 as female parent, hybridize with stable high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale inbred line of roundleaf 05-1, obtain high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale first-filial generation of roundleaf CMS061;
The dark red kale first-filial generation CMS061 of roundleaf described in step 3 and high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale inbred line of wrinkle leaf 05-7 are hybridized as male parent, obtain high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, cultivation is easy to the wrinkle dark red kale of leaf " Feng Yu ".
Step 6 in the time blooming by pinching, the mode of pinching regulates female parent and male parent florescence to be consistent, and in every mu of seed farm, puts into 1-2 case honeybee and carry out supplementary pollination.At least 1500m of the isolation distance of described seed farm.
Head cabbage cytoplasmic male sterilty source " green ball ", kale male sterile line CMS05, kale first-filial generation CMS061; Its Posterity phenotype: (1) sterile plant rate reaches 100%, the sterile degree of sterile strain is also 100%, and its heredity of male sterility is stable, is not subject to the impact of environmental condition.(2) flower bud development is normal, corolla and petal normal, and it is shrivelled, fine that Anther degeneration becomes, and stamen is significantly shorter than style.Nectary size, quantity and honey amount are physically well developed.Gynoecium structure is normal, can normally set seeds.
Its beneficial effect is: in having kept utilizing kale male sterile line preparation kale crossbreed, again with the formulated high yield of kale inbred line, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, cultivation easily, the rapid breeding method of used as fodder kale triple hybrid, the method can significantly save work and economize this, greatly shorten breeding time, and the kind selecting can remain into the hybrid vigour part of former Hybrid in new Hybrid, show as plant growing way strong, blade is abundant, color is gorgeous, juice is many, high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, more than individual plant net weight 8 ㎏, mu strain 3000 strains of planting, per mu yield reaches 24000 ㎏, the 10420 ㎏ volume increase 130.3% of more dreamlike (CK) per mu yield, it is the high-quality feed of milk cow.
In the present invention for the first time as maternal head cabbage cytoplasmic male sterilty source " green ball ", kale inbred line standard code 03-4, kale cytoplasm male sterility line standard code CMS05, kale inbred line standard code 05-1, hybridization kale standard code CMS061, kale inbred line standard code 05-7, kale " Feng Yu "; Can on market, buy as required (for example buying No. 112, Ningbo-Hangzhou road, Jurong City of address Jiangsu Province to Ruifan Agricultural Gardening Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang City), the present invention is practical.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Breeding Process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
First Year early April in spring using high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant head cabbage cytoplasmic male sterilty source " green ball " as maternal, with stable high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, shallowly split bright red kale inbred line 03-4 and first hybridize, obtain 82, seed mid-June; At the beginning of 8 months, together sow with kale inbred line 03-4, field planting, the approaching individual plant Second Year of progeny selection and the male parent that backcrosses continues to backcross with female parent April in spring, obtain 110, seed mid-June, at the beginning of 8 months, together sow with kale inbred line 03-4, field planting, the approaching individual plant of progeny selection and the male parent that backcrosses continues to backcross with female parent the 3rd year April in spring, in 5 generations successively, backcrossed, within the 6th year, obtain high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, shallowly split bright red kale cytoplasm male sterility line CMS05;
At the beginning of the 6th year 8 months, sow shallow bright red kale cytoplasm male sterility line CMS05 and the dark red kale inbred line of the roundleaf 05-1 of splitting; The 7th year mid-April in spring is with stable high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, shallowly split bright red kale cytoplasm male sterility line CMS05 as female parent, hybridize with stable high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale inbred line of roundleaf 05-1, obtain high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale first-filial generation of roundleaf CMS061 mid-June;
At the beginning of the 7th year 8 months, sow roundleaf dark red kale first-filial generation CMS061 and kale inbred line 05-7.Be hybridized as male parent with high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, roundleaf dark red kale first-filial generation CMS061 and high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale inbred line of wrinkle leaf 05-7 the 8th year mid-April in spring, obtain high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance mid-June, cultivation is easy to the wrinkle dark red kale of leaf " Feng Yu ".
Female parent and above-mentioned paternal hybrid are obtained hybridizing kale, and main process is shown in Fig. 1.
The feature of " Feng Yu ": this kind plant height 68.9 ㎝, degree of development 85.2～87.5 ㎝, 31.5 of the outer numbers of sheets, blade peony, wrinkle leaf, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, output are high, single-strain fresh weight 11.3 ㎏, every 667m
2output can reach 24000 ㎏.Sowing at the beginning of 8 months, 12～4 monthly results are applicable to the aquacultures such as milk cow and eat feed raw very much.
In the present invention, part mother plant is learned proterties in table 1～3.
Table 1 part mother plant is learned proterties
Table 2 part mother plant is learned proterties
Table 3 part mother plant is learned proterties
The dark red kale of wrinkle leaf " Feng Yu " making by the present invention (CK) contrasts with " illusion ", and comparing result is in Table.
Table 4 Feng Yu and the output contrasting, disease resistance contrast
Can learn from comparing result, kale " Feng Yu " output that the present invention makes increases greatly, and disease resistance also improves greatly.
Claims (4)
1. a selection for high yield, disease-resistant kale, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1, using high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant head cabbage cytoplasmic male sterilty source " green ball " as maternal, with stable high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, shallowly split bright red kale inbred line 03-4 and first hybridize, after 5 generations that backcrossed, obtain high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, shallowly split bright red kale cytoplasm male sterility line CMS05;
Step 2, using described cytoplasm male sterility line CMS05 as female parent, hybridize with stable high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale inbred line of roundleaf 05-1, obtain high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale first-filial generation of roundleaf CMS061;
The first-filial generation CMS061 of step 3, the dark red kale of described roundleaf and high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale inbred line of wrinkle leaf 05-7 are hybridized as male parent, obtain high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, cultivation is easy to the wrinkle dark red kale of leaf " Feng Yu ";
Step 4, in the time of early August, by dark red described roundleaf kale first-filial generation CMS061 for maternal with sow taking high yield, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, strong stress resistance, the dark red kale inbred line of wrinkle leaf 05-7 as male parent;
Step 5, in the time of early September, the seedling of maternal described in step 4 and male parent is pressed to 3:1 field planting to seed farm, the vernalization of surviving the winter under natural low temperature in the winter time;
Step 6, next spring when plant blossom after field planting, are let alone open pollination;
After step 5, florescence finish, pull out the paternal plant in seed farm;
Step 7, the seed gathering from maternal plant after seed maturity, be the seed of hybridizing kale " Feng Yu ".
2. the selection of a kind of high yield as claimed in claim 1, disease-resistant kale, it is characterized in that, shallow described in step (1) splits bright red kale cytoplasm male sterility line CMS05 and at least five generations, obtains the kale inbred line that botany proterties is stable, coordinate force is good, pollen amount is large by continuous selfing, directed selection.
3. the selection of a kind of high yield as claimed in claim 1, disease-resistant kale, it is characterized in that, step 6 in the time blooming by pinching, the mode of pinching regulates female parent and male parent florescence to be consistent, and in every mu of seed farm, put into 1-2 case honeybee and carry out supplementary pollination, at least 1500m of the isolation distance of described seed farm.
4. the selection of a kind of high yield as claimed in claim 1, disease-resistant kale, it is characterized in that, described kale male sterile line CMS05, its Posterity phenotype of kale first-filial generation CMS061 are that sterile plant rate is 100%, the sterile degree of sterile strain is also 100%, and its heredity of male sterility is stable, is not subject to the impact of environmental condition.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN104839011A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-19 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for obtaining purple cabbage mustard |
| CN105052735A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2015-11-18 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method for obtaining cold-resistant collard plant |
| CN107432243A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-05 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of selection of cold-resistant, resistance to bolting cabbage |
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| CN107432243A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-05 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of selection of cold-resistant, resistance to bolting cabbage |
| CN107432243B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-06-25 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of selection of cold-resistant, resistance to bolting cabbage |
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