CN103155772B - Propagation method of new sunflower number 19 restorer 654 R for oil - Google Patents
Propagation method of new sunflower number 19 restorer 654 R for oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103155772B CN103155772B CN201310081469.8A CN201310081469A CN103155772B CN 103155772 B CN103155772 B CN 103155772B CN 201310081469 A CN201310081469 A CN 201310081469A CN 103155772 B CN103155772 B CN 103155772B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a propagation method of a new sunflower number 19 restorer 654 R for oil. A nylon oil net house is isolated on a selected propagation field through isolation of a protective screen. The net house requires that the height is 2.5m, the length is 2000m, and the width is 9m. The net house is made of steel. A steel frame needs to be stably built and prevented from being blown down. A screen with 800 meshes is selected and used to manufacture a nylon net. Doors are reserved at two ends of the net cover for people to enter and sewed by using an about two-meter plastic zipper. People can conveniently go in and out. The problems of parent strain purity, yield and cost are solved through the method of net house isolation. Not only the purity is ensured, but also propagation yield is improved. Besides, the propagation method of the new sunflower number 19 restorer 654 R for the oil is low in cost and has an important application value.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to plant propagation technical field, specifically, the present invention is specifically related to a kind of propagation technique field of oil sunflower restorer.
Background technology
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is one of the world five large economic crops, there is Salt And Alkali Tolerance, drought-resistant, barren-resistant characteristic, also be the main oil crop of the northern area of China, it is subject to people's attention day by day as oil plant or protein resource.There are quite a few drought and barren low-yield land and saline land in China, thereby sunflower occupies critical role in agricultural production.Countries in the world are research generally carrying out three aspect the research of sunflower heterosis utilization, and China carries out the research of sunflower heterosis utilization from 20 century 70s, and in agricultural production, starts to utilize crossbreed.
The new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers No. 19, original name health ground 1064, late-maturing oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers crossbreed in being that output by the seed selection of Xinjiang Kang Di Zhong industry Science and Technology Co., Ltd. is higher, integral economic trait good, resistance is stronger, 2010 by Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions's crop varietal approval committee.Late-maturing crossbreed during the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers belongs to for No. 19,110d breeding time left and right, plant cane is sturdy, and seedling growth is strong, and plant strain growth is neat, drought resisting, grain test weight is high, anti-rust of sunflower, resistance to stalk break, anti-brown spot, downy mildew resistance, good stress resistance.And the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 19 restorer 654R Shi Yi U.S. introduction crossbreed of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers are that basic material continuous multi-generation selfed breeding forms, this restorer Salt And Alkali Tolerance, anti-Sunflower Downy Mildew, rust and brown spot.But, utilize the method for the breeding restorer of existing bagging artificial pollination, cannot overcome that restorer expands numerous output and people is the purity problem causing, also be difficult to control cost of labor simultaneously, there is many deficiencies and technological deficiency in the propagation method of No. 19 restorer 654R of these existing new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, needs badly and solve and overcome.
Summary of the invention
Seed purity for oil sunflower restorer breeding in prior art is not high, the present situation yielding poorly, the invention provides the propagation method of No. 19 restorer 654R of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of a kind of oil sunflower, utilize the method for net canopy isolation to solve greatly parental purity, the problem such as output and cost, can guarantee purity, be improved again reproductive output, and lower-cost a kind of breeding expanding propagation method.
Technical scheme of the present invention: expand numerous field by selection and be isolated into nylon wire canopy barrier and isolate, net canopy requires the high 2.5m of canopy, long 2000m, wide 9m, rack material is iron structure, steelframe must be pricked surely, avoid strong wind to blow to, nylon guard is selected 80 object gauzes, the door into people is left at guard two, with being about 2 meters of plastic fasteners, make, personnel's turnover when being convenient to pollinate, utilize like this method of net canopy isolation to solve greatly parental purity, the problem such as output and cost, can guarantee purity, be improved again reproductive output, and lower-cost a kind of breeding expanding propagation method.
The expanding propagation method that the invention provides No. 19 restorer 654R of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of a kind of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, concrete grammar step is as follows:
(1) selection of land: select not plant sunflower in nearly 4 years, also without the field of spontaneous sunflower; Continuous cropping plot disease is heavier, and self seedling is more, and the judgement to hybrid strain while affecting final singling, is unfavorable for that the expansion of parental seed is numerous;
(2) seed treatment: by No. 19 restorer 654R seed with medicament seed dressings of new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, prevent the soil insects such as cutworm, guarantee emergence rate;
(3) sowing: annual sowing in 10 to 25 June, optimum period late sowing, can regulate its flowering stage, suitably postponed its flowering stage, can escape high temperature or wet rainy season how, reach and keep away disease, improve pollination ripening rate, reach the object that expands numerous high yield;
(4) seedling stage: when seedling grows 1～2 pair of true leaf, according to the typical proterties of No. 19 restorer 654R of new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, find special-shaped seedling, bad seedling, sick seedling, growth outstanding especially high seedlings, suspicious seedling, should pull out in conjunction with thinning, retain plant size, leaf look, blade profile, Hypocotyl Color, seedling that appearance is consistent;
(5) pour water: within 7 days before sunflower certain herbaceous plants with big flowers buddings, fill with the first water, can impel No. 19 restorer 654R plant strain growths of new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers healthy and strongly, dish size spends number many, and maintainer pollen amount is large, high yield and high quality, again can later stage sunflower non-lodging in good time early;
(6) preparation of separation net canopy: select the numerous field of expansion to be isolated into the isolation of nylon wire canopy barrier, net canopy requires the high 2.5m of canopy, long 2000m, wide 9m, rack material is iron structure, steelframe must be pricked surely, avoid strong wind to blow down, nylon guard adopts 80 object gauzes, and the door into people is left at guard two, with being about 2 meters of plastic fasteners, make personnel's turnover when being convenient to pollinate;
(7) make fork: the oil sunflower restorer of ramiform, former cultivation management does not require makes fork, and the present invention is that plant bifurcated grows to 2cm, just start to make fork, make fork 3 times, can impel better No. 19 restorer 654R robust growth of new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, many of the large grains of dish are full, high yield and high quality.
(8) the flower bud phase: after the first water, carry out before blooming; According to plant height, plant type, leaf look, blade shape, petiole and vein color, fine hair be how many etc., proterties is differentiated.Difference in plant height is more than 5cm, and plant type can be determined according to compact, half compactness, loose concentrated type; Leaf look is generally divided into dark green, light green two kinds; Blade shape is the avette or oval of heart shape, tip mucro or gradually point, and petiole band fine hair, vein color is light green or dark green two kinds; Pull out in time variant;
(9) go up nylon guard in good time: before blooming 7 days, nylon guard cover is good, the sealing of four jiaos, real by soil pressure, prevent that strong wind from blowing;
(10) florescence: the repeatedly impurity elimination that comes into bloom, according to plant height, plant type, floral disc proterties and fertility; Floral disc proterties is according to bract size and shape, ligulate corolla size, shape and color, the color of column cap, the gradient of floral disc; Difference in plant height is more than 5cm, plant type can be determined according to compact, half compactness, loose concentrated type, floral disc is shaped as flat-shaped, dimpling or nick, and the repeatedly impurity elimination such as loose powder situation, extract in time the variant in No. 19 restorer 654R of new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, the sterile strain in dominant strain and new No. 19 restorer 654R of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers; The necessary card of floral disc of taking is downward, and button on the ground, is avoided pollen transmission;
(11) artificial pollination: every morning dew after dispersing, start pollination; Each floral disc can be every pollination in 3 days once, full phase pollination 3 times; Pollinating method adopts hand-held powder puff, or suede gloves are climbed over to band on hand, is stained with gently and flutters floral disc, and direct motion is pollinated by strain; During pollination, want light, can not break column cap;
(12) sterilization: there is special-purpose work clothes each solarium, must carry out disinfection the hand exposing with 75% alcohol before staff's network access chamber, and change solarium's special clothing; Guarantee that staff does not bring foreign pollen into;
(13) results in good time: carry out field test before results one time, remove diseased plant weak plant, generally, physiological ripening after date 5 days, seed water content is below 13%, and when floral disc becomes yellowish-brown, brown, results are best, manually gather in the crops immediately; Seed after results is packed, ventilated with 60 order gauzes, is beneficial to the storage of seed, all puts label well, easy-to-look-up seed inside and outside mesh bag simultaneously;
(14) separation net Winter safety is deposited: separation net is folding neat in time after results, is placed on unsettled place, prevents that mouse stings rotten.
Each technical step of new No. 19 restorer 654R propagation methods of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is an organic whole above, can not dismember and accept or reject any technical step, can realize and can guarantee purity like this, be improved again reproductive output, and lower-cost breeding expanding propagation method, obtains good technique effect of the present invention and can solve the deficiency of No. 19 restorer 654R methods of existing new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers and the technical problem of existence.
Simultaneously; well known; for different lines and for different oil sunflower strain and restorer; be applicable to different propagation methods; select different Isolation net covers; use different irrigation methods, configure different pollination systems, the acquisition oil sunflower yield and quality that its otherness and selectivity cause is completely different; No. 19 restorer 654R propagation methods of new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers provided by the invention, can either realize and can guarantee purity, are improved again reproductive output, and lower-cost breeding expanding propagation method, obtain good technique effect of the present invention.
Selecting the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 19 of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is by the applicant's Xinjiang Kang Di Zhong industry Science and Technology Co., Ltd. technical result in early stage, the output of seed selection is high, integral economic trait good, strong stress resistance in late-maturing oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers crossbreed, 2010 months by Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions's crop varietal approval committee.It is that basic material continuous multi-generation selfed breeding forms that the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of the oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 19 restorer 654R Shi Yi U.S. introduce crossbreed.Visible, new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 19 and restorer 654R have become prior art, but the new existing propagation technique Shortcomings of No. 19 restorer 654R of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is also that oil sunflower restorer is bred ubiquitous technical bottleneck.
In the present invention, the industry slang relating to: breeding field: the plot of breed good strains and hybrid parents; Breeding: restorer colony pollination self solid and procreation seed; Restorer: the proterties that individual continuous multi-generation selfing is selected is stable, and the male parent material that coordinate force is high, represents with R conventionally; Restorer is the male parent material of breeding crossbreed, and proterties is good, and the restorer that coordinate force is high can obtain the sunflower commodity of high yield and high quality.
By implementing technical scheme provided by the invention, can reach following beneficial effect:
(1) the high 2.5m of net canopy that the present invention adopts, long 2000m, wide 9m, is conducive to the farming of tractor field like this; The nylon guard adopting must be 80 object gauzes, and 60 order meshes are too large, do not reach the requirement of isolation, affect the purity of restorer seed; 100 order gauzes are too close, and in guard, the condition of restorer ventilation and penetrating light is poor, affects the growth of restorer, and ripening rate is low, easily falls ill; The present invention selects guard two to leave the door into people, with being about 2 meters of plastic fasteners, makes, and personnel's turnover when being convenient to pollinate, has avoided mixing because insect pollination makes parent completely.
(2) in prior art, sunflower cultivation mode is to fill with water evening, so that prevent later stage sunflower lodging, just all fill with the first water after sunflower buddings; The present invention, according in production practices, finds out best filling a water time: within 7 days before sunflower certain herbaceous plants with big flowers buddings, fill with the first water, can impel restorer robust growth, dish size spends number many, and pollen amount is large, and high yield and high quality again can later stage sunflower non-lodging.
(3) the invention provides and a kind ofly can guarantee purity, be improved again reproductive output, and the breeding expanding propagation method of lower-cost a kind of oil sunflower restorer; The present invention selects not plant sunflower in nearly 4 years, by production practices, only selects and more can alleviate disease in 4 years, increases output.
(4) the oil sunflower restorer of ramiform, former cultivation management does not require makes fork, and the present invention is that plant bifurcated grows to 2cm, just starts to make fork, makes fork 3 times, can impel better restorer robust growth, and many of the large grains of dish are full, high yield and high quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is shown as the breeding flow chart of No. 19 restorer 654R of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of oil sunflower.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, for embodiment, the present invention is described, still, the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
It is by the applicant's Xinjiang Kang Di Zhong industry Science and Technology Co., Ltd. technical result in early stage that the present invention selects the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 19 of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, the output of seed selection is high, integral economic trait good, strong stress resistance in late-maturing oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers crossbreed, 2010 by Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions's crop varietal approval committee.And the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 19 restorer 654R Shi Yi U.S. introduction crossbreed of the oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of selecting are that basic material continuous multi-generation selfed breeding forms, new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 19 and restorer 654R have become prior art, and existing technical staff can obtain by public's channel.
All raw and auxiliary materials, reagent and the instrument of selecting in the present invention, equipment are all well known selecting, but do not limit enforcement of the present invention, and other reagent more well known in the art and equipment are all applicable to the enforcement of the following embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment mono-: the breeding of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 19 restorer 654R of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers
(1) selection of land: select not plant sunflower in nearly 4 years, also without the field of spontaneous sunflower; Continuous cropping plot disease is heavier, and self seedling is more, is unfavorable for that the expansion of parental seed is numerous.
(2) seed treatment: by No. 19 restorer 654R seed with medicament seed dressings of new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, prevent the soil insects such as cutworm, guarantee emergence rate.
(3) sowing: annual sowing in 10 to 25 June, optimum period late sowing, can regulate its flowering stage, suitably postponed its flowering stage, can escape high temperature or many wet, rainy seasons, reach and keep away disease, improve pollination ripening rate, reach the object that expands numerous high yield.
(4) seedling stage: when seedling grows 1～2 pair of true leaf, according to the typical proterties of No. 19 restorer 654R of this new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, find special-shaped seedling, bad seedling, sick seedling, growth outstanding especially high seedlings, suspicious seedling, should pull out in conjunction with thinning, stay plant size, leaf look, blade profile, Hypocotyl Color, seedling that appearance is consistent.
(5) early pour water: within 7 days before sunflower certain herbaceous plants with big flowers buddings, fill with the first water, can impel No. 19 restorer 654R robust growth of new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, dish size spends number many, and maintainer pollen amount is large, and high yield and high quality again can later stage sunflower non-lodging in good time.
(6) preparation of separation net canopy: expand numerous field and be isolated into the isolation of nylon wire canopy barrier, net canopy requires high 2.5m, long 2000m, wide 9m, is conducive to the farming of tractor field like this; Rack material is iron structure, and steelframe must be pricked surely, avoids strong wind to blow to; Nylon guard must be 80 object gauzes, and 60 order meshes are too large, does not reach the requirement of isolation, affects the purity of restorer seed; 100 order gauzes are too close, and in guard, the condition of restorer ventilation and penetrating light is poor, affects the growth of restorer, and ripening rate is low, easily falls ill; The door into people is left at guard two, makes personnel's turnover when being convenient to pollinate with being about 2 meters of plastic fasteners.
(7) make fork: the oil sunflower restorer of ramiform, former cultivation management does not require makes fork, and the present invention is that plant bifurcated grows to 2cm, just start to make fork, make fork 3 times, can impel better No. 19 restorer 654R robust growth of new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, many of the large grains of dish are full, high yield and high quality.
(8) the flower bud phase: after the first water, carry out before blooming; According to plant height, plant type, leaf look, blade shape, petiole, vein color, fine hair be how many etc., proterties is differentiated; Difference in plant height is more than 5cm, and plant type can be determined according to compact, half compactness, loose concentrated type; Leaf look is generally divided into dark green, light green two kinds; Blade shape is the avette or oval of heart shape, tip mucro or gradually point, and petiole band fine hair, vein color is light green or dark green two kinds.Pull out in time variant.
(9) go up nylon guard in good time: before blooming 7 days, nylon guard cover is good, note the sealing of four jiaos, real by soil pressure, prevent that strong wind from blowing.
(10) florescence: the repeatedly impurity elimination that comes into bloom, according to plant height, plant type, floral disc proterties, floral disc proterties is according to bract size and shape, ligulate corolla size, shape and color, the color of column cap, the gradient of floral disc; Difference in plant height is more than 5cm, and plant type can determine according to compact, half compact, loose concentrated type, and floral disc is shaped as flat-shaped, dimpling or nick, and the repeatedly impurity elimination such as loose powder situation, extract in time the variant in restorer, the sterile strain in dominant strain and restorer; The necessary card of floral disc of taking is downward, and button on the ground, is avoided pollen transmission.
(11) artificial pollination: every morning dew after dispersing, start pollination; Each floral disc can be every pollination in 3 days once, full phase pollination 3 times; Pollinating method is hand-held powder puff, or suede gloves are climbed over to band on hand, is stained with gently and flutters floral disc, and direct motion is pollinated by strain; During pollination, want light, can not break column cap, otherwise it is solid to inseminate.
(12) sterilization: there is special-purpose work clothes each solarium, must carry out disinfection the hand exposing with 75% alcohol before staff's network access chamber, and change solarium's special clothing.Guarantee that staff does not bring foreign pollen into.
(13) gather in the crops: before results, carry out field test one time, remove diseased plant weak plant, while crossing early harvest, seed is dry, and seed is difficult for threshing in good time; While gathering in the crops too late, waste is too large and percentage of damage is high, and generally, physiological ripening after date 5 days, seed water content is below 13%, and when floral disc becomes yellowish-brown, brown, results are best, manually gather in the crops immediately; Seed after results is packed, ventilated with 60 order gauzes, is beneficial to the storage of seed, all puts label well, easy-to-look-up seed inside and outside mesh bag simultaneously.
(14) separation net Winter safety is deposited: separation net is folding neat in time after results, is placed on unsettled place, prevents that mouse stings rotten.
Each technical step of the propagation method of new No. 19 restorer 654R of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is an organic whole above, can not dismember and accept or reject any technical step, can realize and can guarantee purity like this, be improved again reproductive output, and lower-cost breeding expanding propagation method, obtain good technique effect of the present invention and can solve the deficiency of No. 19 restorer 654R methods of existing new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers and prior art in the seed purity of oil sunflower restorer breeding not high, the technical problem that the present situation yielding poorly exists.
Simultaneously, well known, for different lines and for different oil sunflower strain and restorer, be applicable to different propagation methods, select different breeding field partition methods, applicable different irrigation method, configures different pollination systems, and the acquisition oil sunflower yield and quality that its otherness and selectivity cause is completely different.
By the propagation method of No. 19 restorer 654R of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of the above-mentioned oil sunflower providing, there is real technical deficiency in the breeding that has solved No. 19 restorer 654R of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of existing new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, is also the ubiquitous technical bottleneck of propagation technique that has solved oil sunflower restorer.
Embodiment bis-: the verification the verifying results of the propagation method of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 19 restorer 654R of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers
By the propagation method of No. 19 restorers of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of oil sunflower that embodiment mono-provides repeatedly, and in conjunction with applicant, in production practices for many years, learn, the propagation method of No. 19 restorer 654R of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of oil sunflower that provide by enforcement the application obtains following scientific practice result:
The high 2.5m of net canopy adopting, long 2000m, wide 9m, is conducive to the farming of tractor field like this, and rack material is iron structure, and steelframe must be pricked surely, avoids strong wind to blow to.Nylon guard must be 80 object gauzes, and 60 order meshes are too large, does not reach the requirement of isolation, affects the purity of restorer seed; 100 order gauzes are too close, and in guard, the condition of restorer ventilation and penetrating light is poor, affects the growth of restorer, and ripening rate is low, easily falls ill; The door into people is left at guard two, makes personnel's turnover when being convenient to pollinate with being about 2 meters of plastic fasteners.
By production practices, draw, sunflower cultivation mode is to fill with water evening, so that prevent later stage sunflower lodging, just all fill with the first water after sunflower buddings.The present invention is based on production practices, find out best filling a water time: within 7 days before sunflower certain herbaceous plants with big flowers buddings, fill with the first water, can impel restorer robust growth, dish size spends number many, and pollen amount is large, and high yield and high quality again can later stage sunflower non-lodging.
Visible the application provides a kind of can guarantee purity, be improved again reproductive output, and the breeding expanding propagation method of lower-cost a kind of oil sunflower restorer, particularly the propagation method for No. 19 restorer 654R of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of oil sunflower has the technique effect highlighting.
Embodiment tri-: the verification the verifying results of the propagation method of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 19 restorer 654R of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers
For many years by the invention provides the propagation method of No. 19 restorer 654R of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of oil sunflower in ground utilizations such as Xinjiang agriculture 12 teachers, 5 mu of 654R of net canopy isolation breeding, adopt artificial powder puff pollination, treat that results are surveyed and find that its per mu yield is apparently higher than bagging artificial pollination breeding postpartum, and recruitment cost is less than half of bagging breeding.By its restorer being identified in Hainan: this parent's purity is 100%.Illustrate that the propagation method of No. 19 654R of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of oil sunflower provided by the invention is improving output, cost-saving, improve purity aspect and can not be substituted.
Claims (1)
1. an expanding propagation method of No. 19 restorer 654R of the new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, is characterized in that, concrete grammar step is as follows:
(1) selection of land: select not plant sunflower in nearly 4 years, also without the field of spontaneous sunflower; Continuous cropping plot disease is heavier, and self seedling is more, and the judgement to hybrid strain while affecting final singling, is unfavorable for that the expansion of parental seed is numerous;
(2) seed treatment: by No. 19 restorer 654R seed with medicament seed dressings of new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, prevent the soil insects such as cutworm, guarantee emergence rate;
(3) sowing: annual sowing in 10 to 25 June, optimum period late sowing, can regulate its flowering stage, suitably postponed its flowering stage, can escape high temperature or wet rainy season how, reach and keep away disease, improve pollination ripening rate, reach the object that expands numerous high yield;
(4) seedling stage: when seedling grows 1～2 pair of true leaf, according to the typical proterties of these new No. 19 restorer 654R of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, find special-shaped seedling, bad seedling, sick seedling, growth outstanding especially high seedlings, suspicious seedling, should pull out in conjunction with thinning, retain plant size, leaf look, blade profile, Hypocotyl Color, seedling that appearance is consistent;
(5) pour water: within 7 days before sunflower certain herbaceous plants with big flowers buddings, fill with the first water, can impel No. 19 restorer 654R plant strain growths of new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers healthy and strong, dish size spends number many, and pollen amount is large, high yield and high quality, again can later stage sunflower non-lodging in good time early;
(6) preparation of separation net canopy: select the numerous field of expansion to be isolated into the isolation of nylon wire canopy barrier, net canopy requires the high 2.5m of canopy, long 2000m, wide 9m, rack material is iron structure, steelframe must be pricked surely, avoid strong wind to blow down, nylon guard adopts 80 object gauzes, and the door into people is left at guard two, with being about 2 meters of plastic fasteners, make personnel's turnover when being convenient to pollinate;
(7) make fork: wait the plant bifurcated of the oil sunflower restorer of ramiform to grow to 2cm, just start to make fork, make fork 3 times, remove the plant after branch, master is large, and pollen is many, and output is high;
(8) the flower bud phase: after the first water, carry out before blooming; According to plant height, plant type, leaf look, blade shape, petiole and vein color, fine hair be how many etc., proterties is differentiated; Difference in plant height is more than 5cm, and plant type can be determined according to compact, half compactness, loose concentrated type; Leaf look is generally divided into dark green, light green two kinds; Blade shape is the avette or oval of heart shape, tip mucro or gradually point, and petiole band fine hair, vein color is light green or dark green two kinds; Pull out in time variant;
(9) go up nylon guard in good time: before blooming 7 days, nylon guard cover is good, by four jiaos of good seals, real by soil pressure, prevent that strong wind from blowing;
(10) florescence: the repeatedly impurity elimination that comes into bloom, according to plant height, plant type, floral disc proterties and fertility; Floral disc proterties is according to bract size and shape, ligulate corolla size, shape and color, the color of column cap, the gradient of floral disc; Difference in plant height is more than 5cm, and plant type can determine according to compact, half compact, loose concentrated type, and floral disc is shaped as flat-shaped, dimpling or nick, and the repeatedly impurity elimination such as loose powder situation, extract in time the variant in restorer, the sterile strain in dominant strain and restorer; The necessary card of floral disc of taking is downward, and button on the ground, is avoided pollen transmission;
(11) artificial pollination: every morning dew after dispersing, start pollination; Each floral disc can be every pollination in 3 days once, full phase pollination 3 times; Pollinating method adopts hand-held powder puff, or suede gloves are climbed over to band on hand, is stained with gently and flutters floral disc, and direct motion is pollinated by strain; During pollination, want light, can not break column cap;
(12) sterilization: there is special-purpose work clothes each solarium, must carry out disinfection the hand exposing with 75% alcohol before staff's network access chamber, and change solarium's special clothing; Guarantee that staff does not bring foreign pollen into;
(13) results in good time: carry out field test before results one time, remove diseased plant weak plant, generally, physiological ripening after date 5 days, seed water content is below 13%, and when floral disc becomes yellowish-brown, brown, results are best, manually gather in the crops immediately; Seed after results is packed, ventilated with 60 order gauzes, is beneficial to the storage of seed, all puts label well, easy-to-look-up seed inside and outside mesh bag simultaneously;
(14) separation net Winter safety is deposited: separation net is folding neat in time after results, is placed on unsettled place, prevents that mouse stings rotten.
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| CN104164513B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-03-16 | 新疆康地种业科技股份有限公司 | The test kit of a kind of Rapid identification oil new certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers No. 19 varieties |
| CN104642096B (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2017-03-01 | 新疆康地种业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of selection of the new No. 19 sterile line 1193A of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of oil sunflower |
| CN104642095B (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2017-02-22 | 新疆康地种业科技股份有限公司 | Breeding method for novel 19# restorer line 654R of oil sunflower |
| CN105532427A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-05-04 | 南京林业大学 | Net room apparatus and potting apparatus for preservation of woody fruit tree germplasm resources and preservation method |
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2013
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Non-Patent Citations (6)
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| 向日葵杂交制种技术;许艳丽;《现代农业科技》;20110102;全文 * |
| 李晓庆.酒泉向日葵网室杂交制种技术.《上海蔬菜》.2012,全文. |
| 田肉虎.食用向日葵繁殖制种技术要点.《种子科技》.2010,全文. |
| 许艳丽.向日葵杂交制种技术.《现代农业科技》.2011,全文. |
| 酒泉向日葵网室杂交制种技术;李晓庆;《上海蔬菜》;20120615;全文 * |
| 食用向日葵繁殖制种技术要点;田肉虎;《种子科技》;20100325;全文 * |
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