CN105638449B - A kind of high yield, long fruit pod, single pod seediness grain oil radish selection - Google Patents
A kind of high yield, long fruit pod, single pod seediness grain oil radish selection Download PDFInfo
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- CN105638449B CN105638449B CN201610006086.8A CN201610006086A CN105638449B CN 105638449 B CN105638449 B CN 105638449B CN 201610006086 A CN201610006086 A CN 201610006086A CN 105638449 B CN105638449 B CN 105638449B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to oil to use radish breeding field, be related to a kind of long fruit pod, the seediness grain oil selection of radish.Including：1) with radish " Oil radish " and it is interior sterile plant by mostly obtaining strong infertility, branch ability completely, nectary and solid normal cytoplasmic male sterile line for test cross and backcross transformation with high oil-producing；2) by long fruit pod, few seed oil radish " ox horn radish " emasculation after hybridized with radish " Gaozhou county white flower " with short fruit pod, seediness grain oil, obtain F1；3) divide single plant to sow F1, bloom and after pollination self, test single plant mature pod fruit pod length and single pod kernal number；4) fruit pod length ＞ 12cm are selected, are reserved seed for planting after the individual plant selfing of single pod kernal number ＞ 12；5) in selfing 5 generations of purifying, mature seed is harvested from single plant using cabage-type rape method, obtains long fruit pod and single pod seediness grain oil radish self-mating system；6) supple-mentary pollination under the conditions of the self-mating system isolation of high oily radish male sterile is obtained into F1 seeds, as target variety.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil field of plant breeding, and in particular to a kind of high yield, long fruit pod, single pod seediness grain oil use radish
Selection.
Background technology
Oil belongs to Cruciferae Rhaphanus corn radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.sp) with radish, is planted with common
It is very different to train radish, oil is annual herb with radish, and taproot is thin and delicate, is not in that meat is loose, florescence is early, and seed production is low.
Early in the Ming Dynasty《Tian Gong Kai Wu》Just describe Radish seed oil expression method and characteristic in one book in detail.Radish seed extracts oil, and oil product is good, wherein
Unsaturated fatty acid content reaches 89% or so, is rich in VC, VE, flavones, sterol, raphanin isoreactivity substance is a kind of great
The oil crops of development prospect.Oil radish varieties common at present are " 83-4 ", are ground for Yunnan Agriculatural Academy oil crops
Study carefully institute's nineteen eighty-three selection and breeding to form, this oil is shorter with radish pod, and fruit pod grain is small, grain number is few, plant type branch energy force difference, thus produces
Amount is not high, influences further to develop and use.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome defect of the existing technology, a kind of high yield, long fruit pod, single pod seediness grain are provided
Oil radish selection, to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.The present invention by cultivate male sterile line with oil with radish from
It hands over system and hybridizes to obtain a kind of long fruit pod, the high oil-producing radish new varieties of seediness grain with other oil radish varieties, hybridize one
For fruit pod is long, fruit pod grain is more, plant type branch power is strong, yield is high, purity is good.
The cultivation generally a length of 3-7cm of radish fruit pod at present, single pod kernal number are 4-6.Since long fruit pod is aobvious to short fruit pod
Property, and the long and single pod kernal number character of fruit pod is Inheritance of Quantitative Characters, meets the dominant two gene mutual assistance model of additivity, is existed significantly
Epistatic analysis.After long fruit pod and common fruit pod mixing breed, F1 fruit pods are long fruit pod type, single pod seed mostly with single pod seed
After few mixing breed, F1 is seediness grain shape.It is a kind of long fruit pod seediness that long fruit pod, which lacks the F1 that seed × short fruit pod seediness grain obtains,
Grain kind, with radish varieties fruit pod length between 12-18cm, single pod kernal number exists the long fruit pod seediness grain oil of selection and breeding of the present invention
Between 12-16, per 667m2 yield about 250kg, cultivation radish varieties hybrid seed yield at present is substantially exceeded.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of high yield, long fruit pod and single pod seediness grain oil selection of radish, include the following steps：
(1) with high oil-producing radish varieties " Oil radish " (be purchased from agricultural technology center of the counties Ning Lang of Lijiang County In Yunnan Province city) be
Interior sterile plant (identification method for being interior sterile plant is method commonly used in the art) obtains 100% by 5 generation test crosses and backcross transformation
Infertility, branch ability is strong, nectary is normal and solid normal oil radish cytoplasmic male sterility 2015ZA, Raphanus
Sativus L., China typical culture collection center is deposited on January 5th, 2016, and preserving number is CCTCC NO：
P201601；
(2) the oil radish varieties " ox horn radish " of long fruit pod and few seed (are had purchased from Zhangye City, Gansu Province Xingda seed
Limit responsible company) take after artificial emasculation pollen with short fruit pod and seediness grain oil radish varieties " Gaozhou county white flower " (purchased from Yunnan Province elder brother
Bright Seminis Vegetable Seeds Inc. of city) hybridization, obtain F1 seeds；
(3) divide single plant to sow in the F1 seeds of gained, bloomed in spring with after pollination self, observation, test single plant are ripe
The pod length of pod counts single pod kernal number；
(4) fruit pod length ＞ 12cm, the single plant of single pod kernal number ＞ 12 is selected to reserve seed for planting after selfing；
(5) it repeats the selection and breeding step of step (4) and standard carries out selfing 5 generations of purifying, using the artificial cabage-type rape method of single plant
Selection reserves seed for planting and harvests mature seed respectively on single plant, and the oil for obtaining long fruit pod, single pod seediness grain and high oil content is selfed with radish
High oil 1-5-1-7-9, Raphanus the sativus L. of system, are deposited in China typical culture collection center, preserving number is
CCTCC NO：P201602；
(6) oil of step (1) selection and breeding is utilized to be used with the oil that radish cytoplasmic male sterility 2015ZA and step (5) obtain
Radish self-mating system height oil 1-5-1-7-9 obtains F1 seeds under the conditions of greenhouse is isolated using honeybee supple-mentary pollination, and screening obtains being one
Grade branch is 12-14, and second branch is 22-28, and fruit pod length is 12-16cm, and single pod kernal number is 12-16, often
The oil radish varieties of high yield, long fruit pod and single pod seediness grain that 667m2 average products are 220-260kg；
Wherein：
Described in step (1) is that interior sterile plant derives from natural male sterile plant, is identified according to the following steps：
1) at least 5000 plants of radish varieties " Oil radish " material is planted, at 11 points in the fine day morning is selected, carries out field test；
2) identification method：Wide-open radish varieties " Oil radish " flower is taken first, whether just to visually observe its stamen
Often, it is found that staminody, shrivelled plant hang up number plate and number；
3) according to number plate sequential sampling, pollen is sowed at dissecting needle on glass slide, is then placed directly under microscope and sees
It examines, according to morphological feature, judges the viability situation of pollen, deformity, shrinkage, miniaturization pollen identification are spent for no viability
Glossy, full pollen identification with this Varieties in Pollen Morphology characteristic feature character is to have viability pollen, preserves identification by powder
As a result it and notes down；
4) field is pulled out through the unqualified i.e. no pollen of microscopy but viable plant, retain microscopy qualification have pollen without
The plant of vigor is natural male sterile plant.
Application of the high yield, long fruit pod, single pod seediness grain oil that the present invention prepares with radish in the cultivation of middle first-filial generation, tool
Body method is to obtain first-filial generation seed using honeybee supple-mentary pollination under greenhouse isolation environment.
High yield, long fruit pod, the single pod seediness grain oil of the present invention adapts to the cultivation in China different regions with radish, but plants
The time of plant, upper each department were different, such as the kind best planting time is in Northern Part of China (the Yellow River northern area)
Annual by the end of April-mid-May, and when southern area of China (such as the Yangtze river basin and areas to the south) kind is most preferably planted
Between be annual by the end of October-mid-November.
A kind of high yield of the present invention, long fruit pod, single pod seediness grain oil with radish China different regions planting type also
Difference, such as need before Northern Part of China (the Yellow River northern area) is planted to carry out three to field with large-scale rotary cultivator to plough three and harrow,
Gansu Province is played with machinery before sowing, applied down seed and fertilizer simultaneously using automatic sowing laminating machine when sowing and covers mulch.In
Large-scale rotary cultivator should be used to carry out three ploughs, three rake to field before the plantation of state southern area (Yangtze river basin and areas to the south), before sowing
Gansu Province is played with machinery, is applied down seed and fertilizer simultaneously using seeding plough when sowing, without covering mulch.
Sowing quantity and fertilizer application amount：Per 667m2With seed 2.5kg, every 667m2Ternary compound fertilizer (N：P：K=15：15：15)
Amount of application is 80kg.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1, oil has been limited to the low unfavorable factor of conventional oil radish varieties yield per unit area, this hair with the exploitation of radish
The bright high yield selected, long fruit pod, single pod seediness grain oil radish varieties compared with conventional oil radish varieties there is apparent volume increase to imitate
Fruit, it is average per 667m2Unit area volume increase is up to 50%~120%.
2, the long fruit pod of selection and breeding of the present invention, seediness grain characteristic are very beneficial to machine receipts, since its single pod seed is more, and fruit pod item
Shape is long, adapts to most of combine harvester and carries out mechanized harvest, threshing.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1：It is oil radish " ox horn radish " the shape characteristic pattern of parent's parental varieties oil in radish self-mating system of the present invention.Figure
In be shown as the few character of long fruit pod, single pod seed.
Fig. 2：It is oil radish " Gaozhou county white flower " morphological feature of parent's male parent varieties oil in radish self-mating system of the present invention.Figure
In be shown as short fruit pod, single pod seed multiple characters.
Fig. 3：It is the morphological feature figure for the oil high oil 1-5-1-7-9 of radish self-mating system that the present invention cultivates.
Fig. 4：It is the florescence morphological feature for the oil radish cytoplasmic male sterility 2015ZA that the present invention cultivates.
Fig. 5：It is the numerous situation of expansion (production of hybrid seeds) for the oil radish cytoplasmic male sterility 2015ZA that the present invention cultivates.
Fig. 6：It is the high oily radish cenospecies (2015ZA " × " 1-5- of high yield, long fruit pod, single pod seediness grain that the present invention cultivates
1-7-) the morphological feature of kinds.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is specifically illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The selection and breeding of 1. high oil-producing radish cytoplasmic male sterility 2015ZA of embodiment
Spring is by oily radish varieties " Oil radish " (coming from agricultural technology center of the counties Ning Lang of Lijiang County In Yunnan Province city) cultivation in steel
In the greenhouse separation net room of frame structure, the single plant of the staminody occurred in observation system when blooming is (i.e. usually said " no
Educate strain "), by itself and single plant (i.e. usually said " fertile plant ") the progress test cross for being interior normal stamen, 20 pairs of test crosses are prepared altogether
Sterile plant, fertile plant are respectively labeled as 1A/1B, 2A/2B, serial number by combo.It harvests time-division single plant and harvests seed.Summer
To such as 1A, 2A, 3A material of the sterile plant seed in 20 pairs of combos in 0 DEG C of refrigerator lower vernalization treatment 20 days, then cultivate in
Big Tanaka, after 30 days observe sterile plant bloom situation and nectary it is whether normal, record stamen still abortion, the normal strain of nectary
System.Next year retains abortion combination and continues pairing cultivation, repeats the above backcrossing, selfing step 5 generation, that is, selecting sterile rate is
100%, and nectary normally and solid normal oily radish cytoplasmic male sterility " 2015ZA "；Applicant orders the material
Entitled oil radish cytoplasmic male sterility 2015ZA, Raphanus sativus L., Chinese is delivered on January 5th, 2016
The China typical culture collection center preservation of Wuhan Wuhan Universitys, preserving number are CCTCC NO：P201601；
The selection and breeding of 2. long fruit pod of embodiment, the seediness grain oil high oil 1-5-1-7-9 of radish self-mating system
Steelframe booth isolation solarium is selected as artificial cabage-type rape is carried out and hybridizes place, at 11 points in the morning, first chooses long fruit
Pod, few seed oil shell flower bud with radish varieties " ox horn radish " (being purchased from seed Co., Ltd of Zhangye City, Gansu Province Xingda) with tweezers
Emasculation, then to short fruit pod, seediness grain radish varieties " Gaozhou county white flower " (be purchased from Yunnan Province Kunming Seminis Vegetable Seeds Inc.) into pedestrian
Work takes powder and stores into pollen storage box, then " Gaozhou county white flower " oil is authorized to " the ox horn trailing plants for having removed stamen with the pollen of radish
On the gynoecium of fore-telling ", completes sulfuric acid paper bag in hybridization rear enclosure and be isolated, and mark the flower of pollination time, personnel's name and pollination
Number.
It is carried out continuously artificial pollination to work 30 days, stops destroying plant after pollination and not pollinate side shoot, trim daily, and in time
Spraying microbial pesticide avermectin and imidacloprid prevents insect pest.
It after kind of pod maturation, gathered in, dried in fine day, waited and carry out conventional species test after drying up completely.
Single plant is divided to sow in the F1 generation seed of acquisition, after florescence in spring is using individual plant selfing pollination, observation is simultaneously
Single plant maturation fruit pod length is measured, and counts single pod kernal number.Screen fruit pod length ＞ 12cm, the list of single pod kernal number ＞ 12
Strain is reserved seed for planting
Above-mentioned selfed breeding need to pass through for 5 generations, until purity selects long fruit after reaching breeding target (as described above)
The oil radish self-mating system 1-5-1-7-9 of pod, single pod seediness.The material designation is the oil high oil 1- of radish self-mating system by applicant
5-1-7-9Raphanus sativus L. delivered the Chinese Wuhan Wuhan Universitys Chinese Typical Representative culture on January 5th, 2016
Collection preservation, preserving number are CCTCC NO：P201602.
The selection and breeding of radish cenospecies of 3. high yield of embodiment, long fruit pod, single pod seediness grain oil
With radish cytoplasmic male sterility 2015ZA it is maternal with the high oil-producing of the gained of embodiment 1, with 2 gained of embodiment
Long fruit pod, seediness grain oil with radish self-mating system height oil 1-5-1-7-9 carry out double-line hybrid as male parent, obtain the seed of cenospecies.
Cultural method：Fertile soil, smooth, the convenient seed farm of irrigation and drainage should be selected, there is security isolation (space isolation distance
It is 2 kilometers or more, does not allow to plant other Cruciferae Rhaphanus crops in isolated area).
By the cenospecies seed obtained by the present embodiment, with for example common radish varieties Duanye 13 of radish conventional cultivation variety seeds
Number, Zhejiang University head, the kinds such as continents Nan Pan carry out same period comparison sowing and plantation, planting conditions and management condition all same, be normal
Rule plantation, Routine Management obtain test result as shown in Table 1.
The oil that 1 present invention of table the cultivates comparison of radish cenospecies and conventional oil radish varieties morphological feature and yield
The oil that the present invention is cultivated is high yield, long fruit pod, single pod seediness grain oil radish new varieties, fruit pod with radish varieties
A length of 12-16cm, single pod kernal number is 12-16, per 667m2Yield is 220-260kg, realizes the expected effect of the present invention
Fruit, while for the oil in China new resource is provided with the development and utilization of radish.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of high yield, long fruit pod and single pod seediness grain oil selection of radish, it is characterised in that following steps：
(1) with preserving number for CCTCC NO:P201601 oil is CCTCC with radish cytoplasmic male sterility 2015ZA and preserving number
NO:The oil of the P201602 long fruit pods and single pod seediness grain high oil 1-5-1-7-9 hybridization of radish self-mating system, under the conditions of greenhouse is isolated
F1 seeds are obtained using honeybee supple-mentary pollination, are screened according to following standard：Level-one branch is 12-14, and second branch is
22-28, fruit pod length is 12-16cm, and single pod kernal number is 12-16, per 667m2Average product is 220-260kg, is obtained
High yield, long fruit pod and single pod seediness grain oil radish varieties；
Wherein：
Oil radish cytoplasmic male sterility is that interior sterile plant derives from natural male sterile plant, the natural male sterile plant
It is identified according to the following steps：
1) at least 5000 plants of plantation radish varieties " Oil radish " select at 11 points in the fine day morning, carry out field test；
2) flower for taking wide-open radish varieties " Oil radish ", it is whether normal to visually observe its stamen, it is moved back to discovery stamen
Change, shrivelled plant hangs up number plate；
3) according to number plate sequential sampling, pollen is sowed at dissecting needle on glass slide, microscopically observation, root are then placed directly on
According to morphological feature, the viability situation of pollen is judged, be no viability by the deformity detected, shrinkage, miniaturization pollen identification
Pollen；It is to have viability pollen by glossy, full pollen identification with this Varieties in Pollen Morphology characteristic feature character, preserves mirror
Determine result and notes down；
4) field is pulled out through the unqualified i.e. no pollen of microscopy but viable plant, and retain has pollen but nothing through microscopy qualification
The plant of viability, the plant are natural male sterile plant.
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| CN201610006086.8A CN105638449B (en) | 2016-01-07 | 2016-01-07 | A kind of high yield, long fruit pod, single pod seediness grain oil radish selection |
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| CN105638449B true CN105638449B (en) | 2018-09-11 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103098699A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2013-05-15 | 杜伟伟 | Breeding of new variety of disease-resistant green fruity radish with high yield |
| CN104719125A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-06-24 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Heat-resistant circular spherical white radish breeding selection method |
| CN105052728A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-11-18 | 武汉蔬博农业科技有限公司 | Method for breeding recessive cell nucleus male sterile line of radish and method for breeding heat-resistant radish variety |
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2016
- 2016-01-07 CN CN201610006086.8A patent/CN105638449B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103098699A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2013-05-15 | 杜伟伟 | Breeding of new variety of disease-resistant green fruity radish with high yield |
| CN104719125A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-06-24 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Heat-resistant circular spherical white radish breeding selection method |
| CN105052728A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-11-18 | 武汉蔬博农业科技有限公司 | Method for breeding recessive cell nucleus male sterile line of radish and method for breeding heat-resistant radish variety |
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