CN103733984A - Castration method for rice hyberdization - Google Patents
Castration method for rice hyberdization Download PDFInfo
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- CN103733984A CN103733984A CN201410028974.0A CN201410028974A CN103733984A CN 103733984 A CN103733984 A CN 103733984A CN 201410028974 A CN201410028974 A CN 201410028974A CN 103733984 A CN103733984 A CN 103733984A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a castration method for rice hyberdization, belongs to the technical field of crop breeding and particularly relates to a new castration method for rice hyberdization based on spikelet clipping and water spraying. The castration method for rice hyberdization comprises the following steps: 1, determining reasonable sowing time; 2, selecting rice plants; 3, pruning spikes of whole plants; 4, performing castration based on spikelet clipping and water spraying; and 5, performing pollination timely and efficiently. According to the castration method disclosed by the invention, the problems of high labor intensity, incomplete castration and hyberdization failure due to pistil damage in the past rice hyberdization work are solved, and the technology used in the castration method has the advantages of labor and cost economy, simplicity and convenience in operation, high hyberdization success rate, economy, environment friendliness and the like, and is highly popular among scientific research workers on breeding, and has a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field
A kind of paddy rice cross breeding emasculating method of the present invention belongs to crop breeding technical field, and what be specifically related to is the new method that a kind of paddy rice cross breeding is cut grain husk water spray emasculation method.
Background technology
Paddy rice cross breeding is in rice breeding work, to improve rice varieties proterties and create the indispensable important channel of source of variation.Existing paddy rice cross breeding method respectively has pluses and minuses: 1, manually cuts clever emasculating method and relatively takes a lot of work, and larger to the damage of grain husk flower, and unless you give your whole attention to it, will damage floral organ, reduce ripening rate; 2, lukewarm water gametocide method can be avoided selfing, and ripening rate is higher, but requires to grasp different rice varieties gametocides required preference temperature and time.Also will accomplish not only stamen is all killed but also column cap do not caused to damage, its method workload is large and more loaded down with trivial details; 3, vacuum gametocide method is to utilize the method for vavuum pump sucking-off paddy rice stamen, and its speed is fast, flower pesticide is sucked and do not damage column cap, but needing corollary equipment, is subject to condition element restriction larger.4, chemical emasculation method, emasculation is not thorough, and the residual height of medicament, and environmental pollution is heavier.
Rice breeding hybridization technique is anxious to be resolved cost-saving, efficient, is hybridized to the new method that power is high.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, for above-mentioned several paddy rice emasculating method weak points, provides a kind of paddy rice cross breeding emasculating method, technical solution of the present invention employing 1, reasonable date of seeding; 2, rice is selected good strains in the field for seed and selects; 3, fringe is repaiied in training; 4, cut the emasculation of grain husk water spray; 5, in good time efficient, pollination.This has solved paddy rice cross breeding work in the past, labour intensity is large, emasculation does not thoroughly cause hybridizing failed problem with injuring gynoecium, it is cost-saving that this technology has saving of labor, easy and simple to handle, be hybridized to the advantages such as power is high, economic environmental protection, welcome by scientific research breeding worker, have broad application prospects.
A kind of paddy rice cross breeding emasculating method of the present invention is to take following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of paddy rice cross breeding emasculating method is as follows:
(1) reasonable date of seeding: paddy rice female parent and the adjustment at male parent florescence, available interval sowing, the methods such as inclined to one side nitrogen fertilizer application, make the two flower synchronization.
(2) rice is selected good strains in the field for seed and selects: mainly refer to and select maternal plant.In conjunction with breeding objective, need, select to have this kind typicalness shape, robust growth and do not have the plant of damage by disease and insect to do maternal.
(3) fringe is repaiied in training: first with scissors, cut off the small ear on the branch stalk of spike of rice upper and lower, remove the small ear that has ended flower and gone back undeveloped mature, small ear on middle part branch stalk and that can bloom the same day is stayed.The sign that can bloom the same day is that filigree extends, and flower pesticide is about to top to glumelle upper end; The sign of blooming next day be stamen length reached length in bran 2/3rds.
(4) cut grain husk water spray, emasculation: the obvolvent before blooming of the flower glume of paddy rice little Hua is very tight, be difficult for extracing stamen.With scissors, cut off the 2/3-3/4 of paddy rice grain husk flower.To cut flower pesticide as standard.Wherein especially best to cut off 2/3 effect of flower pesticide, and not injure column cap as principle, can stop false knot real and improve ripening rate.Then with the watering can of filling water, to having cut the spike of rice of grain husk, carry out evenly water spray and process, make residual flower pesticide imbibition, treat that filigree extends, eject after flower pesticide, with pointing the object that flicks off gently residual flower pesticide and reach emasculation.After EO, spike of rice is put to kraft paper bag, and opening's edge fringe handle under paper bag is amounted to clip not good.Indicate maternal title and emasculation date etc. simultaneously, wait until next step pollination.
(5) in good time efficient pollination: the maternal spike of rice after emasculation, should carry out in the same day or next day artificial pollination.When male parent spike of rice enters the Sheng phase of blooming, choose pollen amount large, and without the spike of rice of damage by disease and insect.From its fringe neck, with scissors, cut gently, spike of rice is vertically put into maternal paper bag top down, and shake, can reach pollination object gently.
Paddy rice cross breeding emasculation method of the present invention has the following advantages compared with paddy rice emasculating method in the past:
(1) saving of labor, economize this, efficiency is high; The method has been saved a large amount of artificial, has saved cost, and operating efficiency improves greatly, compared with previous methods, compares, and can do for each person every day 30-150 hybrid combination more, has larger application prospect.
(2) crossbreed ripening rate is high, and false hybrid rate is low; The method more easily obtains a large amount of highly purified crossbreed, for later field plot test with prevent from falsely dropping offspring and lay the first stone.
(3) light-duty, convenient, practicality and environmental protection: emasculation cross method workload was large in the past, emasculation is not thorough, low and the contaminated environment of ripening rate, this method is used clear water spraying, flower pesticide imbibition loses vigor and reaches emasculation object, have light-dutyly, the feature of practical environmental protection, without being equipped with the feature such as other equipment.
Embodiment
Below with reference to embodiments of the invention, the invention will be further described:
A kind of paddy rice cross breeding emasculating method is as follows:
(1) reasonable date of seeding: paddy rice female parent and the adjustment at male parent florescence, available interval sowing, the methods such as inclined to one side nitrogen fertilizer application, make the two flower synchronization.
(2) rice is selected good strains in the field for seed and selects: mainly refer to and select maternal plant.In conjunction with breeding objective, need, select to have this kind typicalness shape, robust growth and do not have the plant of damage by disease and insect to do maternal.
(3) fringe is repaiied in training: first with scissors, cut off the small ear on the branch stalk of spike of rice upper and lower, remove the small ear that has ended flower and gone back undeveloped mature, small ear on middle part branch stalk and that can bloom the same day is stayed.The sign that can bloom the same day is that filigree extends, and flower pesticide is about to top to glumelle upper end; The sign of blooming next day be stamen length reached length in bran 2/3rds.
(4) cut grain husk water spray, emasculation: the obvolvent before blooming of the flower glume of paddy rice little Hua is very tight, be difficult for extracing stamen.With scissors, cut off the 2/3-3/4 of paddy rice grain husk flower.To cut flower pesticide as standard.Wherein especially best to cut off 2/3 effect of flower pesticide, and not injure column cap as principle, can stop false knot real and improve ripening rate.Then with the watering can of filling water, to having cut the spike of rice of grain husk, carry out evenly water spray and process, make residual flower pesticide imbibition, treat that filigree extends, eject after flower pesticide, with pointing the object that flicks off gently residual flower pesticide and reach emasculation.After EO, spike of rice is put to kraft paper bag, and opening's edge fringe handle under paper bag is amounted to clip not good.Indicate maternal title and emasculation date etc. simultaneously, wait until next step pollination.
(5) in good time efficient pollination: the maternal spike of rice after emasculation, should carry out in the same day or next day artificial pollination.When male parent spike of rice enters the Sheng phase of blooming, choose pollen amount large, and without the spike of rice of damage by disease and insect.From its fringe neck, with scissors, cut gently, spike of rice is vertically put into maternal paper bag top down, and shake, can reach pollination object gently.
When as little in paternal pollen amount, can get a few fringe father fringes more and pollinate, to guarantee ripening rate, and male parent fringe must award after taking off fast, otherwise affects Pollen Activity.
Embodiment:
1, materials and methods:
1,1 test material japonica rice variety " Huaihe River rice No. 5 "
1,2 experimental scheme
1,2,1 test one.Difference is cut the self-fertility of method on " Huaihe River rice No. 5 " and the impact of outcrossing, cuts grain husk and carries out in the noon before that day of pollination hybridization, selects the existing minority grain husk in top the flowers are in blossom mistake, and the spike of rice that full fringe is extracted out substantially, cuts off the young tender small ear of grain husk flower and fringe bottom of having opened.Part on the clever shell of the grain husk flower of reservation is cut off respectively to 1/4,1/3,1/2,2/3,3/4, more uniformly the grain husk of cutting is spent to spray clear water with watering can, make each glumous flower accept enough moisture, then bagging isolation.Within the 2nd day, with a part, process and do not pollinate in contrast, statistics self-fertility situation, the effect of check water spray gametocide: another part processing is pollinated, and adds up solid situation, the impact of check water spray gametocide on outcrossing, ripening rate.
2, results and analysis
2,1 difference is cut method to " Huaihe River rice No. 5 " self-fruitful impact." Huaihe River rice No. 5 " cut after grain husk water spray, and " Huaihe River rice No. 5 " self-fruitful rate is up to 12.5%, and minimum is 0, shows that water spray can reach the effect of gametocide.Along with cutting off the increase of clever shell part ratio, " Huaihe River rice No. 5 " self-fruitful rate declines gradually until be 0, shows suitably to cut a bit in the situation that not damaging column cap more, and gametocidal effect is better.Evidence cut off clever shell 3/4 and cut off 2/3 water spray gametocidal effect optimum of flower pesticide.
2,2 differences are cut the impact of method on " Huaihe River rice No. 5 " outcrossing.After cutting grain husk water spray, " Huaihe River rice No. 5 " outcrossing seed-setting rate is up to 94.5%, and minimum is 72.6%, and showing to cut grain husk water spray slightly affects the outcrossing of " Huaihe River rice No. 5 ".From the actual conditions of rice breeding work, consider, its impact can be accepted, and the method has certain feasibility.Under the condition that cuts off same ratio, the outcrossing seed-setting rate that cuts off flower pesticide is greater than cuts grain husk flower, shows take flower pesticide as standard, less on the outcrossing impact of " Huaihe River rice No. 5 ".
More than analyze and show, will stop the existence of pseudostationary in breeding work, from hybridization security consideration, to cut off 2/3 of flower pesticide, as standard can prevent vacation, hybridize, ripening rate can get both again.Therefore, to cut off 2/3 of flower pesticide, there is feasibility and operability most as standard.
Claims (2)
1. a paddy rice cross breeding emasculating method, is characterized in that:
(1) reasonable date of seeding: paddy rice female parent and the adjustment at male parent florescence, available interval sowing, nitrogen fertilizer application method, makes the two flower synchronization partially;
(2) rice is selected good strains in the field for seed and selects: mainly refer to and select maternal plant, in conjunction with breeding objective, need, select to have this kind typicalness shape, robust growth and do not have the plant of damage by disease and insect to do maternal;
(3) fringe is repaiied in training: first with scissors, cut off the small ear on the branch stalk of spike of rice upper and lower, remove the small ear that has ended flower and gone back undeveloped mature, small ear on middle part branch stalk and that can bloom the same day is stayed, the sign that can bloom the same day is that filigree extends, flower pesticide is about to top to glumelle upper end, the sign of blooming next day be stamen length reached length in bran 2/3rds;
(4) cut grain husk water spray, emasculation: the obvolvent before blooming of the flower glume of paddy rice little Hua is very tight, be difficult for extracing stamen, with scissors, cut off the 2/3-3/4 of paddy rice grain husk flower, to cut flower pesticide as standard, wherein especially best to cut off 2/3 effect of flower pesticide, and not injure column cap as principle, can stop false knot in fact and improve ripening rate; Then with the watering can of filling water, to having cut the spike of rice of grain husk, carry out evenly water spray processing, make residual flower pesticide imbibition, treat that filigree extends, eject after flower pesticide, the object that flicks off gently residual flower pesticide and reach emasculation with finger, puts kraft paper bag by spike of rice after EO, and opening's edge fringe handle under paper bag is amounted to clip not good, indicate maternal title and emasculation date simultaneously, wait until next step pollination;
(5) efficient pollination in good time: the maternal spike of rice after emasculation, should carry out in the same day or next day artificial pollination, when male parent spike of rice enters the Sheng phase of blooming, choose pollen amount large, and without the spike of rice of damage by disease and insect, from its fringe neck, with scissors, cut gently, spike of rice is vertically put into maternal paper bag top down, shake, can reach pollination object gently.
2. a kind of paddy rice cross breeding emasculating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when paternal pollen amount is little, can gets a few fringe father fringes more and pollinate, to guarantee ripening rate, and male parent fringe must award after taking off fast, otherwise affects Pollen Activity.
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103975850A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-13 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Cultivating method for hybrid rice |
| CN104221843A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-24 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Rice blooming promotion device and method for manual castration by promoting rice blooming through xylene |
| CN104885928A (en) * | 2015-06-14 | 2015-09-09 | 安徽徽大农业有限公司 | Rice hybridization and castration method |
| CN105123496A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-12-09 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Paddy rice hybridization method |
| CN105660363A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-15 | 安徽理想种业有限公司 | Rice hybridizing and detasseling method |
| CN105684801A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-22 | 安徽理想种业有限公司 | Paddy rice early flowering method |
| CN106106123A (en) * | 2016-06-26 | 2016-11-16 | 合肥慧谷农业科技有限公司 | A kind of castration method for rice hyberdization |
| CN106171945A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 合肥扬扬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of castration method for rice hyberdization |
| CN106386467A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏（武进）水稻研究所 | Efficient stamen killing method for japonica rice |
| CN106922522A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-07 | 南通季和米业有限责任公司 | Paddy rice castration hybrid seed production method |
| CN107494254A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-12-22 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of hybridizing method of wild rice |
| CN109769687A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-05-21 | 先正达参股股份有限公司 | Rice emasculation equipment and its suction nozzle and method |
| CN111657137A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2020-09-15 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Oat hybridization method |
| CN113692966A (en) * | 2021-09-19 | 2021-11-26 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所新洋试验站(盐城市新洋农业试验站) | Distant hybridization method for rice and sorghum |
| CN114027177A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-02-11 | 河北省农林科学院谷子研究所 | Castration hybridization method for sorghum |
| CN114097605A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-01 | 德宏州农业技术推广中心(德宏州农业科学研究所) | Cross breeding method for multi-spikelet rice |
| CN116439124A (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-07-18 | 永州市农业科学研究所 | Water-immersed glume Quan Ying emasculation method and application thereof in rice crossbreeding |
| CN116439124B (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2024-11-05 | 永州市农业科学研究所 | Water-immersed glume Quan Ying emasculation method and application thereof in rice crossbreeding |
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103975850A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-13 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Cultivating method for hybrid rice |
| CN104221843A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-24 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Rice blooming promotion device and method for manual castration by promoting rice blooming through xylene |
| CN104885928A (en) * | 2015-06-14 | 2015-09-09 | 安徽徽大农业有限公司 | Rice hybridization and castration method |
| CN105123496A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-12-09 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Paddy rice hybridization method |
| CN105660363A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-15 | 安徽理想种业有限公司 | Rice hybridizing and detasseling method |
| CN105684801A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-22 | 安徽理想种业有限公司 | Paddy rice early flowering method |
| CN106106123A (en) * | 2016-06-26 | 2016-11-16 | 合肥慧谷农业科技有限公司 | A kind of castration method for rice hyberdization |
| CN106171945A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 合肥扬扬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of castration method for rice hyberdization |
| CN106386467A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏（武进）水稻研究所 | Efficient stamen killing method for japonica rice |
| CN106922522A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-07 | 南通季和米业有限责任公司 | Paddy rice castration hybrid seed production method |
| CN107494254A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-12-22 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of hybridizing method of wild rice |
| CN107494254B (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2019-10-11 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of hybridizing method of wild rice |
| CN109769687A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-05-21 | 先正达参股股份有限公司 | Rice emasculation equipment and its suction nozzle and method |
| CN111657137A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2020-09-15 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Oat hybridization method |
| CN113692966A (en) * | 2021-09-19 | 2021-11-26 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所新洋试验站(盐城市新洋农业试验站) | Distant hybridization method for rice and sorghum |
| CN114097605A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-01 | 德宏州农业技术推广中心(德宏州农业科学研究所) | Cross breeding method for multi-spikelet rice |
| CN114027177A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-02-11 | 河北省农林科学院谷子研究所 | Castration hybridization method for sorghum |
| CN116439124A (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-07-18 | 永州市农业科学研究所 | Water-immersed glume Quan Ying emasculation method and application thereof in rice crossbreeding |
| CN116439124B (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2024-11-05 | 永州市农业科学研究所 | Water-immersed glume Quan Ying emasculation method and application thereof in rice crossbreeding |
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