CN100411507C

CN100411507C - Paddy rice hybridizing method

Info

Publication number: CN100411507C
Application number: CNB2005100948838A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周根友; 陈启康; 夏华; 沈锦根; 刘建
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2005-10-13
Filing date: 2005-10-13
Publication date: 2008-08-20
Anticipated expiration: 2025-10-13
Also published as: CN1775000A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a paddy rice hybridization method which comprises the steps of emasculation, pollination, return load of the field, etc. The present invention organically combines the methods of processing rice ears by CO2 gas and sucking pesticides by a vacuum pump, thereby, the processes of emasculation by warm soup and glume cutting of paddy rice hybridization are not needed, the technological content of the paddy rice hybridization is enhanced, and the difficulty of operation is reduced. The paddy rice hybridization is simple, convenient and easy to operate, and the work efficiency is enhanced. The bred hybridization seeds are paddy but not rice grains, the seeds have good enrichment degree, and thereby, the survival rate of sowing the seeds is greatly increased. The male parent has the advantages of rapid flowering and no need of processes of glume cutting and flower promotion after processed by CO2 gas, and thereby, a large amount of time is saved for breeding the hybridized combination.

Description

A kind of paddy rice cross breeding method

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of paddy rice cross breeding method.

Background technology:

Paddy rice cross breeding is one of indispensable important channel of creating in the rice breeding work source of variation, is bringing into play important effect in breeding work.Way at present commonly used is to adopt the operation sequence of " maternal fringe lukewarm water kills male--cutting grain husk castrates--bagging isolations--male parent fringe cut grain husk is short to be spent--hybridization pollination ".It is higher that wherein lukewarm water kills male technology, carelessness arranged slightly, or be exactly not reach gametocidal effect, be exactly that whole tassel all kills, to castrate workload very big and cut grain husk, need expend the plenty of time, influences hybridization speed and number of combinations, the pollination link is also cumbersome, can be difficult to bloom if the rice breed that has runs into adverse weather, even bloom, quantity also seldom, even can occur not having the situation that powder can be awarded, cause the hybridization failure.Carry out if hybridization is operated in the field, lukewarm water kills male and cuts the process that grain husk is castrated, and the very trouble that operates is particularly worked under the severe environmental conditions of high temperature Exposure to Sunlight, and it is very arduous that the people feels.If crossover process is moved on to indoor, though lukewarm water kills male with to cut clever castration work relative convenient, but, female parent do not have root owing to having only cane, be not with soil, after hybridization is finished, only cultivate as flower arrangement, after all the vitality limited duration at indoor clear water (or nutrient solution), usually can not receive full seed because of cane is early withered, the hybrid seed survival rate is lower.In addition, hybrid rice breeding is done paddy rice cross breeding except needs, cultivates outside the required breeding material, also needs big the measurement to join hybrid combination, and the hybridization workload is very big.Particularly some hybrid combination, in order to test its yield potential, hybrid seed needs bigger.Add rural laborer's situation in short supply in recent years, rely on conventional method to carry out the new demand that paddy rice cross breeding has been difficult to adapt to crossbreeding.

Summary of the invention:

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy to operately, workload is little, can effectively improve a kind of paddy rice cross breeding method of seed circularity and emergence rate.

Technical solution of the present invention is:

A kind of paddy rice cross breeding method is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

1. castrate: in the noon before that day of preparing hybridization, fetch the maternal plant that just enters full-bloom stage indoor with roots and soil, training, stay the spike of rice of preparing hybridization, remove the grain husk flower of having opened, put plastic sack and tying is preserved moisture, and the plant root is immersed in the water, second day before parent is bloomed, in plastic sack, charge into carbon dioxide, make a bag interior carbon dioxide content be 5%～30%, 10 minutes after, see in the plastic sack when spike of rice has a large amount of floret opening, just take out spike of rice one by one, exhaust the flower pesticide of having opened with the vavuum pump starch absorbing device immediately, cut off all grain husk of not opening flowers then, bagging is isolated, and waits for pollination;

2. pollination: before the hybridization that morning blooms, fetch just enter full-bloom stage spike of rice as male parent, put plastic sack, charging into 5%～30% carbon dioxide in plastic sack handled 1～2 minute, taking out the back from plastic sack inserts the bottle that fills clear water, placing temperature is 20～37 ℃ darkness, lee, wait to touch have pollen to shed the time, give the pollination of the female parent after castrating immediately;

3. after pollination finishes, big Tanaka is arrived in the maternal plant transfer.

Step 1. in, before in plastic sack, charging into carbon dioxide,, then remove the grain husk flower of having opened earlier if when having grain husk flower to open on the female parent.

The present invention adopts CO ₂Gas treatment spike of rice and vavuum pump are absorbed agricultural chemicals and are organically combined, and make paddy rice cross breeding not need lukewarm water to kill male and cut clever process, have improved the technology content of paddy rice cross breeding, have reduced operation easier, make paddy rice cross breeding simple and easy to do, and working efficiency improves; The hybrid seed of making is the paddy rather than the grain of rice, and the seed circularity is good, thereby has improved the survival rate of planting seed greatly, and male parent is through CO ₂After the gas treatment, it is fast to bloom, the process that does not need to cut the short flower of grain husk, thereby be that the time has been won in a large amount of preparing hybrid combinations.

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.

Embodiment:

A kind of paddy rice cross breeding method comprises the following steps:

1. castrate: in the noon before that day of preparing hybridization, fetch the maternal plant that just enters full-bloom stage indoor with roots and soil, training, stay the spike of rice of preparing hybridization, remove the grain husk flower of having opened, put plastic sack and tying is preserved moisture, and the plant root immersed in the water, if (morning 8～9 o'clock were when having the grain husk flower to open on the female parent before parent is bloomed in second day, then remove the grain husk flower of having opened earlier), charge into carbon dioxide in plastic sack, making a bag interior carbon dioxide content is 5%～30%, after about 10 minutes, see in the plastic sack when spike of rice has a large amount of floret opening, just take out spike of rice one by one, exhaust the flower pesticide of having opened with the vavuum pump starch absorbing device immediately, cut off all grain husk of not opening flowers then, bagging is isolated, and waits for pollination;

2. pollination: before the hybridization that morning blooms (about 8～9 o'clock), fetch the spike of rice that just enters full-bloom stage (fringe top has been opened the grain husk flower and has been about 1/3～1/4) as male parent, put plastic sack, charging into 5%～30% carbon dioxide in plastic sack handled 1～2 minute, taking out the back from plastic sack inserts in the bottle that fills clear water, placing temperature is 20～37 ℃ darkness, lee, wait to touch have pollen to shed the time, female parent pollination after give castrating immediately, pollination are adopted male parent tassel pollen are directly shaken off method on maternal tassel;

3. after pollination finishes, big Tanaka is arrived in the maternal plant transfer.After 20～25 days, during seed maturity, need results hybrid seed in time, prevent to go mouldy.

Claims

1. a paddy rice cross breeding method is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

2. a kind of paddy rice cross breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 1. in, before in plastic sack, charging into carbon dioxide,, then remove the grain husk flower of having opened earlier if when having grain husk flower to open on the female parent.