CN113748809B - Flue-cured tobacco seedling transplanting device and method under mulch - Google Patents
Flue-cured tobacco seedling transplanting device and method under mulch Download PDFInfo
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- CN113748809B CN113748809B CN202111242758.2A CN202111242758A CN113748809B CN 113748809 B CN113748809 B CN 113748809B CN 202111242758 A CN202111242758 A CN 202111242758A CN 113748809 B CN113748809 B CN 113748809B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
- A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
- A01M7/0042—Field sprayers, e.g. self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flue-cured tobacco seedling transplanting device under film, which comprises: the device comprises a fixed frame, a first hydraulic rod, a first hydraulic pump, a moving ring, a blade, a second hydraulic rod, a second hydraulic pump, a liquid outlet pipe, an atomizing nozzle, a hose, a control valve and a liquid storage tank; the fixed frame is of a cylindrical frame structure, a first hydraulic rod is arranged at the lower part of the fixed frame and connected with a first hydraulic pump, the first hydraulic rod is connected with the movable ring, and a blade is arranged on the inner wall of the movable ring; the fixed frame is provided with a second hydraulic rod, and the second hydraulic rod is connected with a second hydraulic pump; the lower part of the second hydraulic rod is provided with a liquid outlet pipe, the liquid outlet pipe is connected with an atomizing nozzle and a hose, the hose is provided with a control valve and is connected with a liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is arranged on the fixing frame. Is convenient for the growth of the seedlings after transplantation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue-cured tobacco planting, in particular to a device and a method for transplanting seedlings under a flue-cured tobacco film.
Background
The flue-cured tobacco seedlings are planted under the mulch, and the planting under the mulch can keep the moisture in the soil and is convenient for the growth of the seedlings. The plastic film mulching technology is easy to form high temperature and high humidity of crop rhizome environment, and creates a favorable environment for breeding germs of the rhizome diseases, so that the damage of the diseases is aggravated. In the aspect of flue-cured tobacco, the characteristic variety of the Honghua Dajinyuan is susceptible to various rhizome diseases. Therefore, the device and the method for transplanting the flue-cured tobacco seedlings under the film are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flue-cured tobacco seedling transplanting device under film and a method thereof, which solve the problems of seasonal drought in Yunnan, low survival rate of seedlings transplanted in advance, late burning of seedlings due to film breaking ventilation, high incidence rate of black shank and the like, realize film breaking of the seedlings after the flue-cured tobacco seedlings are transplanted, spray medicine after the film breaking, and cover soil after the medicine spraying, and are convenient for the growth of the seedlings.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a flue-cured tobacco seedling transplanting device under a film comprises a film breaking device;
the membrane breaking device comprises a fixed frame, a sliding groove is formed in the upper portion of the fixed frame, a moving block is arranged in the sliding groove and arranged on the soil storage box, an output port is formed in the lower portion of the soil storage box, and an output groove is formed in the lower portion of the soil storage box at the output port;
the soil storage box at the output port is movably connected with a baffle plate, the baffle plate is connected with a second hydraulic rod, the second hydraulic rod is connected with a second hydraulic pump, and the second hydraulic pump is connected with a second controller;
the top of the soil storage box is movably connected with a box cover, and the box cover is connected to the soil storage box through a lock catch structure;
a collecting frame is arranged on the side wall of the fixed frame;
the side wall of the soil storage box is provided with a movable rod, the lower part of the soil storage box is provided with a third hydraulic rod, the third hydraulic rod is connected with a third hydraulic pump, the third hydraulic pump is connected with a third controller, the third hydraulic rod is connected with a connecting rod, the connecting rod is connected with a movable connecting piece, and the movable connecting piece is connected with a scraping rod;
the side wall of the fixing frame is provided with a handle.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; a fifth hydraulic rod is arranged on the fixed frame and connected with a fifth hydraulic pump;
a liquid outlet pipe is arranged at the lower part of the fifth hydraulic rod, an atomizing nozzle is connected to the liquid outlet pipe, the liquid outlet pipe is connected with a hose, a control valve is arranged on the hose, the hose is connected with a liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is arranged on the side wall of the fixing frame;
the top of the liquid storage tank is connected with an adding pipe, and a pipe cover is arranged on the adding pipe;
a rotating shaft is arranged in the liquid storage tank, stirring blades are arranged on the rotating shaft, a scraping plate is arranged at the lower part of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected with a driving device;
a filter screen is arranged at the joint of the hose and the liquid storage tank;
further, the method comprises the following steps of; the fixing frame is of a cylindrical frame structure, a fixing rod is arranged on the lower portion of the fixing frame, one end of the fixing rod is arranged to be conical, a first hydraulic rod is arranged on the inner wall of the fixing frame and connected with a first hydraulic pump, the first hydraulic rod is connected with an annular plate, a groove is formed in the lower wall of the annular plate, a heating pipe is arranged in the groove of the annular plate and connected with a heating driving device, and the first hydraulic pump and the heating driving device are connected with a first controller.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the fixed frame is of a cylindrical frame structure, a fourth hydraulic rod is arranged at the lower part of the fixed frame and is connected with a fourth hydraulic pump, the fourth hydraulic rod is connected with the movable ring, and a blade is arranged on the inner wall of the movable ring;
the fourth hydraulic pump is connected with a fourth controller, and the fifth hydraulic pump is connected with a fifth controller to drive the driving device to be connected with a sixth controller.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the seedling transplanting method comprises the following steps:
a, managing soil moisture and digging a deep pond: raking fine soil, then carrying out soil moisture management and pond building, wherein the soil moisture management specification is that the row spacing is 110-130cm, the plant spacing is 60-70cm, the ridge height of the soil moisture management is 35-45cm, the furrow depth is 30-40cm, after ridging, the pond building is positioned according to a stay wire with the plant spacing of 60-70cm, the diameter of the pond is 35-45cm, and the depth of the pond is 20-30cm;
b, transplanting: in the middle ten days of 4 months to the last ten days of 5 months, selecting tobacco seedlings with the height of 5-6cm for transplanting, fixing 2-3kg of root water for each pond, planting tobacco in open water before the pond water is not dried, slightly pressing root soil, covering a 0.01mm black film, and keeping the distance between the top ends of the tobacco seedlings and the film surface to be more than 5cm;
c, management: breaking small holes, ventilating tobacco seedlings, transplanting flue-cured tobacco for 7-10 days, forming a small hole of 3cm on the film when water vapor in the film is much or the temperature exceeds 40 ℃, and ventilating the tobacco seedlings;
d, membrane rupture: when the film is broken, transplanting the flue-cured tobacco for 15-20d, and when the distance between the tobacco seedlings and the film surface is 2cm, the film can be broken by selecting a heating pipe or a blade of a film breaking device, the film is circular, the diameter of the film is 20-25cm, the tobacco seedlings are taken out, the film is broken, pesticide spraying is carried out after the film is broken, the thickness of soil for covering the soil after the pesticide spraying is 1-3cm, the film breaking device is used for covering the soil around the tobacco seedlings at the film breaking position of the tobacco seedlings, and the pond is filled with soil to a sealed film opening;
e, topping and smearing a bud inhibitor: when the tobacco is planted, the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor is applied in a spraying mode by using a flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor applying device, and the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor is applied in a spraying mode within 24 hours after the top of the flue-cured tobacco is cut.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; and in the step B, 30-40kg of the special compound fertilizer for tobacco and 28-32kg of calcium superphosphate are fully and uniformly mixed per mu and are annularly applied to the root of the tobacco plant at a distance of 8-12 cm.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; and in the step E, the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor spraying device is used for spraying a biological agent for preventing and treating 'two black diseases' and 'virus diseases' of the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; and E, regularly supplementing fertilizer and supplementing water for tobacco planting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. the transplanting method enables the seedlings to grow well, and the survival rate of the transplanted seedlings is submitted by controlling the conditions in transplanting.
2. Carry out the rupture of membranes after transplanting, rupture of membranes spouts medicine, earthing and is convenient for rupture of membranes back young seedling can better growth, and rupture of membranes spouts the medicine and improves the drug effect, saves labour, is convenient for carry out rupture of membranes device and operates.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the annular plate of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an output chute of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the liquid storage tank of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the moving ring of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a fixed frame 1, a fixed rod 2, a first hydraulic rod 3, a first hydraulic pump 4, an annular plate 5, a heating pipe 6, a heating driving device 7, a first controller 8, a chute 9, a moving block 10, a soil storage box 11, an output groove 12, a baffle 13, a second hydraulic rod 14, a second hydraulic pump 15, a second controller 16, a box cover 17, a collection frame 18, a moving rod 19, a third hydraulic rod 20, a third hydraulic pump 21, a third controller 22, a connecting rod 23, a movable connecting piece 24, a scraping rod 25, a handle 26, a fourth hydraulic rod 27, a fourth hydraulic pump 28, a moving ring 29, a blade 30, a fifth hydraulic rod 31, a fifth hydraulic pump 32, a liquid outlet pipe 33, an atomizing nozzle 34, a hose 35, a control valve 36, a liquid storage box 37, an adding pipe 38, a pipe cover 39, a rotating shaft 40, a stirring blade 41, a scraping plate 42, a driving device 43, a filter screen 44, a fourth controller 45, a fifth controller 46 and a sixth controller 47.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 5 illustrate the present invention, so that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
a flue-cured tobacco seedling transplanting device under a film comprises a film breaking device;
the membrane breaking device comprises a fixed frame 1, a sliding chute 9 is arranged at the upper part of the fixed frame 1, a moving block 10 is arranged in the sliding chute 9, the moving block 10 is arranged on a soil storage box 11, an output port is formed at the lower part of the soil storage box 11, and an output groove 12 is arranged at the lower part of the soil storage box 11 at the output port;
the soil storage box 11 at the output port is movably connected with a baffle 13, the baffle 13 is connected with a second hydraulic rod 14, the second hydraulic rod 14 is connected with a second hydraulic pump 15, and the second hydraulic pump 15 is connected with a second controller 16;
the top of the soil storage box 11 is movably connected with a box cover 17, and the box cover 17 is connected to the soil storage box 11 through a lock catch structure;
the side wall of the fixed frame 1 is provided with a collecting frame 18;
a movable rod 19 is arranged on the side wall of the soil storage tank 11, a third hydraulic rod 20 is arranged at the lower part of the soil storage tank 11, the third hydraulic rod 20 is connected with a third hydraulic pump 21, the third hydraulic pump 21 is connected with a third controller 22, the third hydraulic rod 20 is connected with a connecting rod 23, the connecting rod 23 is connected with a movable connecting piece 24, and the movable connecting piece 24 is connected with a scraping rod 25;
a handle 26 is arranged on the side wall of the fixed frame 1; soil of earthing has been placed in storing up soil box 11, after the membrane takes out, second hydraulic pump 15 work that second controller 16 connects, second hydraulic pump 15 makes second hydraulic stem 14 move, drive baffle 13 motion, baffle 13 downstream, the movable block 10 that stores up soil box 11 moves in spout 9, be convenient for carry out the soil that stores up in soil box 11 and pass through the delivery outlet, delivery chute 12 output, cover soil near the young seedling, be convenient for get near the membrane young seedling and carry out the earthing, play certain retaining action to humidity, it grows to get the membrane young seedling. The opening of the lid 17 allows the addition of the amount of soil. After soil covering, the third hydraulic pump 21 connected with the third controller 22 works, the third hydraulic pump 21 drives the third hydraulic rod 20 to grow, the connecting rod 23 connected with the third hydraulic rod 20 moves, the connecting rod 23 moves to the soil covering position, the scraping rod 25 connected with the movable connecting piece 24 moves, the scraping rod 25 moves from a vertical state to a horizontal state, and when the soil storage box 11 moves conveniently, the scraping rod 25 can scrape the soil covering uniformly.
Example 2:
on the basis of the embodiment 1, the fixing frame 1 is provided with a fifth hydraulic rod 31, and the fifth hydraulic rod 31 is connected with a fifth hydraulic pump 32;
a liquid outlet pipe 33 is arranged at the lower part of the fifth hydraulic rod 31, the liquid outlet pipe 33 is connected with an atomizing nozzle 34, the liquid outlet pipe 33 is connected with a hose 35, a control valve 36 is arranged on the hose 35, the hose 35 is connected with a liquid storage tank 37, and the liquid storage tank 37 is arranged on the side wall of the fixing frame 1;
the top of the liquid storage tank 37 is connected with an adding pipe 38, and a pipe cover 39 is arranged on the adding pipe 38;
a rotating shaft 40 is arranged in the liquid storage tank 37, a stirring blade 41 is arranged on the rotating shaft 40, a scraping plate 42 is arranged at the lower part of the rotating shaft 40, and the rotating shaft 40 is connected with a driving device 43;
a filter screen 44 is arranged at the joint of the hose 35 and the liquid storage tank 37; the membrane near the young seedling is broken, the broken membrane is taken down manually, when the membrane is taken down, the medicine needs to be sprayed near the young seedling, the plant diseases and insect pests are reduced, the fifth hydraulic pump 32 is connected with the fifth hydraulic rod 31 to move, the liquid outlet pipe 33 connected with the fifth hydraulic rod 31 also moves downwards, the hose 35 is made of hose materials, the hose 35 in the drawing is only a schematic diagram, the length of the hose 35 can be selected according to actual needs, the liquid outlet pipe 33 is arranged to be an annular pipe, and the medicine in the liquid storage tank 37 is sprayed through the hose 35, the liquid outlet pipe 33 and the atomizing nozzle 34. The orifice of the addition tube 38 may be used for adding reagents or water. Drive arrangement 43 is common drive arrangement, and the pivot 40 motion that drive arrangement 43 is connected, and the stirring leaf 41 motion that pivot 40 is connected is convenient for spout the medicine medicament in the liquid reserve tank 37 and is mixed, and the setting of scraper blade 42 subtracts filter screen 44 department of particulate matter etc. at hose 35 and liquid reserve tank 37 junction. The arrangement of the filter screen 44 reduces the blockage when the particles are sprayed through the hose 35, the liquid outlet pipe 33 and the atomizing nozzle 34.
Example 3:
on the basis of the embodiment 1-2, the fixing frame 1 is set to be a cylindrical frame structure, the lower part of the fixing frame 1 is provided with a fixed rod 2, one end of the fixed rod 2 is set to be conical, the inner wall of the fixing frame 1 is provided with a first hydraulic rod 3, the first hydraulic rod 3 is connected with a first hydraulic pump 4, the first hydraulic rod 3 is connected with an annular plate 5, the lower wall of the annular plate 5 is provided with a groove, a heating pipe 6 is arranged in the groove of the annular plate 5, the heating pipe 6 is connected with a heating driving device 7, and the first hydraulic pump 4 and the heating driving device 7 are both connected with a first controller 8; the fixed near young seedling that places need carry out the rupture of membranes of dead lever 2 of mount 1, the toper of dead lever 2 is convenient for enter into soil through the membrane, the section diameter of mount 1 is at 20-25cm, first controller 8 makes 4 work of first hydraulic pump, 4 drive first hydraulic stem 3 of first hydraulic pump extend the motion, annular plate 5 that 3 first hydraulic stem connects also carries out the downstream, there is heating tube 6 in the recess of annular plate 5, 6 one side settings of heating tube are outside at the recess of annular plate 5, heating tube 6 generates heat, heating tube 7 is broken with the membrane, 7 lateral walls settings are outside at arc 6 under the heating tube, the heating tube 7 of being convenient for carries out the rupture of membranes, the manual work is got the membrane.
Example 4:
on the basis of the embodiment 1-3, the fixing frame 1 is configured as a cylindrical frame structure, the lower part of the fixing frame 1 is provided with a fourth hydraulic rod 27, the fourth hydraulic rod 27 is connected with a fourth hydraulic pump 28, the fourth hydraulic rod 27 is connected with a movable ring 29, and the inner wall of the movable ring 29 is provided with a blade 30;
the fourth hydraulic pump 28 is connected with a fourth controller 45, the fifth hydraulic pump 32 is connected with a fifth controller 46, and the driving device 43 is driven to be connected with a sixth controller 47; the fixing frame 1 is manually driven to move to the position near the film covering seedling, the fourth hydraulic pump 28 on the fixing frame 1 drives the fourth hydraulic rod 27 to move, the moving ring 29 connected with the fourth hydraulic rod 27 moves downwards, the blade 30 on the moving ring 29 also moves downwards, the film near the seedling is conveniently broken, and the broken film is manually taken down.
Example 5:
on the basis of the embodiments 1 to 4, the seedling transplanting method comprises the following steps:
a, managing soil moisture and digging a deep pond: raking fine soil, then carrying out soil moisture management and pond digging, wherein the soil moisture management specification is that the row spacing is 110cm, the planting distance is 60cm, the ridge height of the soil moisture management is 35cm, the furrow depth is 30cm, and after ridging, the pond digging is positioned according to a pull line with the planting distance of 60cm, the diameter of the pond is 35cm, and the depth of the pond is 20-30cm; is convenient for transplanting flue-cured tobacco seedlings on ridges,
b, transplanting: selecting tobacco seedlings with the height of 5cm for transplanting from the middle ten days of 4 months to the last ten days of 5 months, fixing 2kg of root water in each pond, planting tobacco in the open water before the pond water is not dried, slightly pressing root soil, covering a black film with the thickness of 0.01mm, and keeping the top ends of the tobacco seedlings to be more than 5cm away from the film surface; selecting flue-cured tobacco seedlings with good growth vigor, watering root fixing water after planting, and covering a black film after transplanting;
c, management: breaking small holes, ventilating tobacco seedlings, transplanting flue-cured tobacco for 7d, forming a small hole of 3cm on the film when water vapor in the film is much or the temperature exceeds 40 ℃, and ventilating the tobacco seedlings; after the seedlings are transplanted for a period of time, holes are formed in the film, so that the transplanted seedlings in the film are better suitable for growth;
d, membrane rupture: the film breaking can be carried out by selecting a heating pipe 6 or a blade 30 of a film breaking device when the film is broken and the tobacco seedlings are 2cm away from the film surface for transplanting the flue-cured tobacco for 15d, the film breaking is circular, the diameter of the broken film is 20cm, the tobacco seedlings are taken out, the medicine is sprayed after the film is broken, the thickness of the soil for covering the soil after the medicine is sprayed is 1cm, the film breaking device is used for covering the soil around the tobacco seedlings at the film breaking position of the tobacco seedlings, and the pond is filled with the soil until the film opening is sealed; after transplanting for a period of time, when the more suitable soil of planting of young seedling, need carry out the rupture of membranes, rupture of membranes device lower part sets up to heat pipe 6 or blade 30 as required, when rupture of membranes device lower part sets up to heat pipe 6, fixed placing is near the young seedling that needs carry out the rupture of membranes in the dead lever 2, the toper of dead lever 2 is convenient for enter into soil through the membrane, the section diameter of mount 1 is at 20-25cm, first controller 8 makes first hydraulic pump 4 work, first hydraulic pump 4 drives first hydraulic stem 3 and extends the motion, annular plate 5 that first hydraulic stem 3 connects also carries out the downstream, there is heating tube 6 in the recess of annular plate 5, heating tube 6 one side sets up outside the recess of annular plate 5, heating tube 6 generates heat, heating tube 7 is broken the membrane, heating tube 7 lower side wall sets up outside arc-shaped groove 6, the heating tube 7 of being convenient for breaks the membrane, the manual work is got the membrane. When the lower part of the film breaking device is provided with the blade 30, the fixing frame 1 is manually driven to move to cover the film near the young seedling, the fourth hydraulic pump 28 on the fixing frame 1 drives the fourth hydraulic rod 27 to move, the moving ring 29 connected with the fourth hydraulic rod 27 moves downwards, the blade 30 on the moving ring 29 also moves downwards, the film near the young seedling is conveniently broken, and the broken film is manually taken down. The membrane rupture is spouting the medicine, carry out the rupture of membranes to near the young seedling, broken membrane is taken off through the manual work, when the membrane is taken off, need spout the medicine near the young seedling, reduce the plant diseases and insect pests, fifth hydraulic pump 32 connects the motion of fifth hydraulic stem 31, drain pipe 33 that five hydraulic stem 31 connect also moves down, hose 35 is hose material, hose 35 is the schematic diagram in the description drawing, hose 35 length can be selected according to the needs of reality, drain pipe 33 sets up to the annular pipe, the medicine in the liquid reserve tank 37 is sprayed through hose 35, drain pipe 33, atomizer 34. The orifice of the addition tube 38 may be used for adding reagents or water. Drive arrangement 43 is common drive arrangement, and the pivot 40 motion that drive arrangement 43 is connected, and the stirring leaf 41 motion that pivot 40 is connected is convenient for spout the medicine medicament in the liquid reserve tank 37 and is mixed, and the setting of scraper blade 42 subtracts filter screen 44 department of particulate matter etc. at hose 35 and liquid reserve tank 37 junction. The arrangement of the filter screen 44 reduces the blockage when the particles are sprayed through the hose 35, the liquid outlet pipe 33 and the atomizing nozzle 34. Then carry out the earthing again, the soil of earthing has been placed in storing up soil box 11, after the membrane takes out, second hydraulic pump 15 work that second controller 16 connects, second hydraulic pump 15 makes second hydraulic stem 14 move, drive baffle 13 motion, baffle 13 downstream, the movable block 10 that stores up soil box 11 moves in spout 9, be convenient for carry out the soil that stores up in soil box 11 and can pass through the delivery outlet, delivery chute 12 output, cover soil near the young seedling, be convenient for get near the young seedling after the membrane and carry out the earthing, play certain retaining action to humidity, it grows to get the young seedling after the membrane. The opening of the lid 17 allows the addition of the amount of soil. After the earthing, the third hydraulic pump 21 that the third controller 22 is connected works, the third hydraulic pump 21 drives the third hydraulic rod 20 to grow, the connecting rod 23 connected with the third hydraulic rod 20 moves, the connecting rod 23 moves to the earthing position, the scraping rod 25 connected with the movable connecting piece 24 moves, the scraping rod 25 moves to the horizontal state from the vertical state, and when the soil storage box 11 moves conveniently, the scraping rod 25 can scrape the earthing uniformly. And manually covering soil at the membrane rupture position.
E, topping and smearing a bud inhibitor: when the tobacco is planted, a flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor spraying device is used for spraying the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor, and the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor is sprayed within 24 hours after the top of the flue-cured tobacco is cut; capping when the flower blooms in the center when the flower blooms normally; bud capping is suitable for weak growth vigor, and capping is suitable for full bloom period; when the tobacco grows for a certain time, the apical dominance appears, topping is carried out to remove the apical dominance, and the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor needs to be applied in a spraying mode after topping.
Example 6:
on the basis of the embodiments 1 to 5, the seedling transplanting method comprises the following steps:
a, managing soil moisture and digging a deep pond: raking fine soil, then carrying out soil moisture management and pond digging, wherein the soil moisture management specification is 130cm in row spacing, 70cm in plant spacing, 45cm in ridge height of soil moisture management and 40cm in furrow depth, and after ridging, positioning and digging a pond according to a pull line with the plant spacing of 70cm, wherein the diameter of the pond is 45cm, and the depth of the pond is 30cm; is convenient for transplanting flue-cured tobacco seedlings on ridges,
b, transplanting: selecting tobacco seedlings with the height of 6cm for transplanting from the middle ten days of 4 months to the last ten days of 5 months, fixing 3kg of root water in each pond, planting tobacco in the open water before the pond water is not dried, slightly pressing root soil, covering a black film with the thickness of 0.01mm, and keeping the top ends of the tobacco seedlings to be more than 5cm away from the film surface; selecting flue-cured tobacco seedlings with good growth vigor, watering root fixing water after planting, and covering a black film after transplanting;
c, management: breaking small holes, ventilating tobacco seedlings, transplanting flue-cured tobacco for 10 days, forming a small hole of 3cm on the film when water vapor in the film is much or the temperature exceeds 40 ℃, and ventilating the tobacco seedlings; after the seedlings are transplanted for a period of time, holes are formed in the film, so that the transplanted seedlings in the film are better suitable for growth;
d, membrane rupture: the film breaking can be carried out by selecting a heating pipe 6 or a blade 30 of a film breaking device when the film is broken for 20d when the tobacco seedlings are 2cm away from the film surface, the film breaking is circular, the diameter of the broken film is 25cm, the tobacco seedlings are drawn out, the film is broken, the pesticide is sprayed, the thickness of soil for covering the soil after the pesticide is sprayed is 3cm, the film breaking device is used for covering the soil around the tobacco seedlings at the film breaking position, and the pond is filled with the soil to a sealed film opening; after transplanting a period of time, during the more suitable soil of planting of young seedling, need carry out the rupture of membranes, rupture of membranes device lower part sets up to heat pipe 6 or blade 30 as required, when rupture of membranes device lower part sets up to heat pipe 6, fixed near the young seedling that carries out the rupture of membranes of placing of dead lever 2 of mount 1, the toper of dead lever 2 is convenient for enter into soil through the membrane, the section diameter of mount 1 is at 25cm, first controller 8 makes first hydraulic pump 4 work, first hydraulic pump 4 drives first hydraulic stem 3 and carries out the extension motion, annular plate 5 that first hydraulic stem 3 is connected also carries out the downstream, there is heating tube 6 in the recess of annular plate 5, heating tube 6 one side sets up in the recess outside of annular plate 5, heating tube 6 generates heat, heating tube 7 is broken the membrane, heating tube 7 lower side wall sets up in the arc groove 6 outside, heating tube 7 of being convenient for carries out the rupture of membranes, the manual work is got the membrane. When the lower part of the film breaking device is provided with the blade 30, the fixing frame 1 is manually driven to move to cover the film near the young seedling, the fourth hydraulic pump 28 on the fixing frame 1 drives the fourth hydraulic rod 27 to move, the moving ring 29 connected with the fourth hydraulic rod 27 moves downwards, the blade 30 on the moving ring 29 also moves downwards, the film near the young seedling is conveniently broken, and the broken film is manually taken down. The membrane rupture is spouting the medicine, carry out the rupture of membranes to near the young seedling, broken membrane is taken off through the manual work, when the membrane is taken off, need spout the medicine near the young seedling, reduce the plant diseases and insect pests, fifth hydraulic pump 32 connects the motion of fifth hydraulic stem 31, drain pipe 33 that five hydraulic stem 31 connect also moves down, hose 35 is hose material, hose 35 is the schematic diagram in the description drawing, hose 35 length can be selected according to the needs of reality, drain pipe 33 sets up to the annular pipe, the medicine in the liquid reserve tank 37 is sprayed through hose 35, drain pipe 33, atomizer 34. The orifice of the addition tube 38 may be used for adding reagents or water. Drive arrangement 43 is common drive arrangement, and the pivot 40 motion that drive arrangement 43 is connected, and the stirring leaf 41 motion that pivot 40 is connected is convenient for spout the medicine medicament in the liquid reserve tank 37 and is mixed, and the setting of scraper blade 42 subtracts filter screen 44 department of particulate matter etc. at hose 35 and liquid reserve tank 37 junction. The arrangement of the filter screen 44 reduces the blockage when the particles are sprayed through the hose 35, the liquid outlet pipe 33 and the atomizing nozzle 34. Then earthing is carried out again, the soil of earthing is placed in the soil storage box 11, after the film is taken out, a second hydraulic pump 15 connected with a second controller 16 works, the second hydraulic pump 15 enables a second hydraulic rod 14 to move to drive a baffle 13 to move, the baffle 13 moves downwards, a moving block 10 of the soil storage box 11 moves in a sliding groove 9, the soil in the soil storage box 11 can be conveniently output through an output port and an output groove 12, soil is covered near the seedling, earthing is conveniently carried out near the seedling after the film is taken out, certain keeping effect is achieved on humidity, and the seedling after the film is taken out grows. The opening of the lid 17 allows the addition of the amount of soil. After the earthing, the third hydraulic pump 21 that the third controller 22 is connected works, the third hydraulic pump 21 drives the third hydraulic rod 20 to grow, the connecting rod 23 connected with the third hydraulic rod 20 moves, the connecting rod 23 moves to the earthing position, the scraping rod 25 connected with the movable connecting piece 24 moves, the scraping rod 25 moves to the horizontal state from the vertical state, and when the soil storage box 11 moves conveniently, the scraping rod 25 can scrape the earthing uniformly. And manually covering soil at the membrane rupture position.
E, topping and smearing a bud inhibitor: when the tobacco is planted, a flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor spraying device is used for spraying the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor, and the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor is sprayed within 24 hours after the top of the flue-cured tobacco is cut; when the flower grows normally, the flower is capped; bud capping is suitable for weak growth vigor, and capping is suitable for full bloom period; the tobacco grows to a certain time and then has apical dominance, topping is carried out to remove the apical dominance, and the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor needs to be applied in a spraying mode after topping.
Example 7:
on the basis of the embodiments 1 to 6, the seedling transplanting method comprises the following steps:
a, managing soil moisture and digging a deep pond: raking fine soil, then carrying out soil moisture management and pond digging, wherein the soil moisture management specification is that the row spacing is 120cm, the planting distance is 65cm, the ridge height of the soil moisture management is 40cm, the furrow depth is 35cm, and after ridging, the pond digging is positioned according to a pull line with the planting distance of 65cm, the diameter of the pond is 40cm, and the depth of the pond is 25cm; is convenient for transplanting flue-cured tobacco seedlings on ridges,
b, transplanting: selecting tobacco seedlings with the height of 5.5cm for transplanting from the middle ten days of 4 months to the last ten days of 5 months, fixing 2.5kg of root water in each pond, planting tobacco in the open water before the pond water is not dried, slightly pressing root soil, covering a 0.01mm black film, and keeping the top ends of the tobacco seedlings to be more than 5cm away from the film surface; selecting flue-cured tobacco plantlets with good growth vigor, watering rooting water after planting, and covering black films after transplanting;
c, management: breaking small holes, ventilating tobacco seedlings, transplanting flue-cured tobacco 8, making a small hole of 3cm on the film when the water vapor in the film is much or the temperature exceeds 40 ℃, and ventilating the tobacco seedlings; after the seedlings are transplanted for a period of time, holes are formed in the film, so that the transplanted seedlings in the film are better suitable for growth; d, membrane rupture: the film breaking can be carried out by selecting a heating pipe 6 or a blade 30 of a film breaking device when the film is broken and the tobacco seedlings are 2cm away from the film surface, the film breaking is circular, the diameter of the broken film is 22cm, the tobacco seedlings are taken out, the film is broken, the pesticide is sprayed, the thickness of soil for covering the soil after the pesticide is sprayed is 2cm, the film breaking device is used for covering the soil around the tobacco seedlings at the film breaking position, and the pond is filled with the soil until the film opening is sealed; after transplanting a period of time, during the more suitable soil of planting of young seedling, need carry out the rupture of membranes, rupture of membranes device lower part sets up to heat pipe 6 or blade 30 as required, when rupture of membranes device lower part sets up to heat pipe 6, fixed near the young seedling that needs carry out the rupture of membranes of placing of dead lever 2, the toper of dead lever 2 is convenient for enter into soil through the membrane, the section diameter of mount 1 is 22cm, first controller 8 makes first hydraulic pump 4 work, first hydraulic pump 4 drives first hydraulic stem 3 and carries out the extension motion, annular plate 5 that first hydraulic stem 3 connects also carries out the downstream, there is heating tube 6 in the recess of annular plate 5, heating tube 6 one side sets up in the recess outside of annular plate 5, heating tube 6 generates heat, heating tube 7 is broken the membrane, heating tube 7 lower side wall sets up in the outside of arc groove 6, heating tube 7 of being convenient for carries out the rupture of membranes, the manual work is got the membrane. When the lower part of the film breaking device is provided with the blade 30, the fixed frame 1 is manually driven to move to a position near the film covering seedling, the fourth hydraulic pump 28 on the fixed frame 1 drives the fourth hydraulic rod 27 to move, the moving ring 29 connected with the fourth hydraulic rod 27 moves downwards, the blade 30 on the moving ring 29 also moves downwards, the film near the seedling is conveniently broken, and the broken film is manually taken down. The membrane rupture is spouting the medicine, carry out the membrane rupture to near the film of young seedling, broken membrane is taken off through the manual work, when the membrane is taken off, need spout the medicine near the young seedling, reduce the plant diseases and insect pests, fifth hydraulic pump 32 connects the motion of fifth hydraulic stem 31, drain pipe 33 that five hydraulic stem 31 connect also moves down, hose 35 is the hose material, hose 35 is the schematic diagram in the description drawing, hose 35 length can be selected according to actual needs, drain pipe 33 sets up to the annular tube, the medicine in the liquid reserve tank 37 is sprayed through hose 35, drain pipe 33, atomizer 34. The orifice of the addition tube 38 may be used for adding reagents or water. Drive arrangement 43 is common drive arrangement, and the pivot 40 motion that drive arrangement 43 is connected, and the stirring leaf 41 motion that pivot 40 is connected is convenient for spout the medicine medicament in the liquid reserve tank 37 and is mixed, and the setting of scraper blade 42 subtracts filter screen 44 department of particulate matter etc. at hose 35 and liquid reserve tank 37 junction. The filter screen 44 is arranged to reduce the blockage when the particles are sprayed through the hose 35, the liquid outlet pipe 33 and the atomizing nozzle 34. Then carry out the earthing again, the soil of earthing has been placed in storing up soil box 11, after the membrane takes out, second hydraulic pump 15 work that second controller 16 connects, second hydraulic pump 15 makes second hydraulic stem 14 move, drive baffle 13 motion, baffle 13 downstream, the movable block 10 that stores up soil box 11 moves in spout 9, be convenient for carry out the soil that stores up in soil box 11 and can pass through the delivery outlet, delivery chute 12 output, cover soil near the young seedling, be convenient for get near the young seedling after the membrane and carry out the earthing, play certain retaining action to humidity, it grows to get the young seedling after the membrane. The opening of the lid 17 allows the addition of the amount of soil. After soil covering, the third hydraulic pump 21 connected with the third controller 22 works, the third hydraulic pump 21 drives the third hydraulic rod 20 to grow, the connecting rod 23 connected with the third hydraulic rod 20 moves, the connecting rod 23 moves to the soil covering position, the scraping rod 25 connected with the movable connecting piece 24 moves, the scraping rod 25 moves from a vertical state to a horizontal state, and when the soil storage box 11 moves conveniently, the scraping rod 25 can scrape the soil covering uniformly. And manually earthing the membrane at the membrane rupture position.
E, topping and smearing a bud inhibitor: when the tobacco is planted, a flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor spraying device is used for spraying the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor, and the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor is sprayed within 24 hours after the top of the flue-cured tobacco is cut; when the flower grows normally, the flower is capped; bud capping is suitable for weak growth vigor, and capping is suitable for full bloom period; the tobacco grows to a certain time and then has apical dominance, topping is carried out to remove the apical dominance, and the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor needs to be applied in a spraying mode after topping.
Example 8:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-7, in the step B, 30kg of the special compound fertilizer for tobacco and 28kg of calcium superphosphate are fully and uniformly mixed per mu and are annularly applied to the root of the tobacco plant in a distance of 8 cm; and fertilizer is applied, so that the growth of the transplanted plantlets is facilitated.
Example 9:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-8, in the step B, 40kg of the special compound fertilizer for tobacco and 232kg of calcium superphosphate are fully and uniformly mixed per mu and are annularly applied to the root of the tobacco plant in a distance of 12 cm; and fertilizer is applied, so that the growth of the transplanted plantlets is facilitated.
Example 10:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-9, in the step B, 35kg of the special compound fertilizer for tobacco and 30kg of calcium superphosphate are fully and uniformly mixed per mu and are annularly applied to the root of the tobacco plant by 10 cm; and fertilizer is applied, so that the growth of the transplanted plantlets is facilitated.
Example 11:
on the basis of the embodiments 1 to 10, in the step E, the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor spraying device carries out biological agents for preventing and treating 'two black diseases' and 'virus diseases' by spraying the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor; and meets the requirements.
Example 12:
on the basis of the embodiments 1 to 11, in the step E, the tobacco planting is periodically supplemented with fertilizer and supplemented with water; and meets the requirement.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a flue-cured tobacco young seedling transplanting device under membrane which characterized in that: the transplanting device comprises a membrane breaking device; the membrane breaking device can select the heating tube (6) or the blade (30) to break the membrane;
the membrane breaking device comprises a fixed frame (1), a sliding chute (9) is arranged at the upper part of the fixed frame (1), a moving block (10) is arranged in the sliding chute (9), the moving block (10) is arranged on a soil storage box (11), an output port is formed at the lower part of the soil storage box (11), and an output groove (12) is formed at the lower part of the soil storage box (11) at the output port;
the soil storage box (11) at the output port is movably connected with a baffle (13), the baffle (13) is connected with a second hydraulic rod (14), the second hydraulic rod (14) is connected with a second hydraulic pump (15), and the second hydraulic pump (15) is connected with a second controller (16);
the top of the soil storage box (11) is movably connected with a box cover (17), and the box cover (17) is connected to the soil storage box (11) through a lock catch structure;
a collecting frame (18) is arranged on the side wall of the fixed frame (1);
a movable rod (19) is arranged on the side wall of the soil storage box (11), a third hydraulic rod (20) is arranged at the lower part of the soil storage box (11), the third hydraulic rod (20) is connected with a third hydraulic pump (21), the third hydraulic pump (21) is connected with a third controller (22), the third hydraulic rod (20) is connected with a connecting rod (23), the connecting rod (23) is connected with a movable connecting piece (24), and the movable connecting piece (24) is connected with a scraping rod (25);
a handle (26) is arranged on the side wall of the fixed frame (1);
a fifth hydraulic rod (31) is arranged on the fixed frame (1), and the fifth hydraulic rod (31) is connected with a fifth hydraulic pump (32); a liquid outlet pipe (33) is arranged at the lower part of the fifth hydraulic rod (31), an atomizing nozzle (34) is connected to the liquid outlet pipe (33), a hose (35) is connected to the liquid outlet pipe (33), a control valve (36) is arranged on the hose (35), the hose (35) is connected with a liquid storage tank (37), and the liquid storage tank (37) is arranged on the side wall of the fixing frame (1);
the top of the liquid storage tank (37) is connected with an adding pipe (38), and a pipe cover (39) is arranged on the adding pipe (38);
a rotating shaft (40) is arranged in the liquid storage box (37), a stirring blade (41) is arranged on the rotating shaft (40), a scraping plate (42) is arranged at the lower part of the rotating shaft (40), and the rotating shaft (40) is connected with a driving device (43);
a filter screen (44) is arranged at the joint of the hose (35) and the liquid storage tank (37);
the use of the seedling transplanting device specifically comprises the following steps:
a, managing soil moisture and digging a deep pond: raking fine soil, then carrying out soil moisture management and pond building, wherein the soil moisture management specification is that the row spacing is 110-130cm, the plant spacing is 60-70cm, the ridge height of the soil moisture management is 35-45cm, the furrow depth is 30-40cm, after ridging, the pond building is positioned according to a stay wire with the plant spacing of 60-70cm, the diameter of the pond is 35-45cm, and the depth of the pond is 20-30cm;
b, transplanting: selecting tobacco seedlings with the height of 5-6cm for transplanting from the middle ten days of 4 months to the last ten days of 5 months, fixing 2-3kg of root water in each pond, planting tobacco in the open water before the pond water is not dried, slightly pressing root soil, covering a 0.01mm black film, and keeping the top end of the tobacco seedlings to be more than 5cm away from the film surface;
c, management: breaking small holes, ventilating tobacco seedlings, transplanting flue-cured tobacco for 7-10 days, and forming a small hole of 3cm on the film when water vapor in the film is much or the temperature exceeds 40 ℃;
d, membrane breaking by a membrane breaking device: transplanting flue-cured tobacco for 15-20 days, when the tobacco seedlings are 2cm away from the film surface, the film breaking holes are circular, the diameter of the film breaking holes is 20-25cm, picking out the tobacco seedlings, spraying the film, covering soil with the thickness of 1-3cm, covering the soil around the tobacco seedlings at the film breaking positions with a film breaking device, and filling the pond with soil to seal the film openings;
e, topping and smearing a bud inhibitor: when the tobacco is planted, the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor is applied in a spraying mode by using a flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor applying device, and after the top of the flue-cured tobacco is cut, the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor is applied in a spraying mode within 24 hours.
2. The cured tobacco sub-membrane seedling transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixing frame (1) is arranged to be a cylindrical frame structure, a fixing rod (2) is arranged on the lower portion of the fixing frame (1), one end of the fixing rod (2) is arranged to be a conical shape, a first hydraulic rod (3) is arranged on the inner wall of the fixing frame (1), the first hydraulic rod (3) is connected with a first hydraulic pump (4), a ring plate (5) is connected with the first hydraulic rod (3), a groove is formed in the lower wall of the ring plate (5), a heating tube (6) is arranged in the groove of the ring plate (5), the heating tube (6) is connected with a heating driving device (7), the first hydraulic pump (4) and the heating driving device (7) are connected with a first controller (8).
3. The cured tobacco sub-membrane seedling transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed frame (1) is of a cylindrical frame structure, a fourth hydraulic rod (27) is arranged at the lower part of the fixed frame (1), the fourth hydraulic rod (27) is connected with a fourth hydraulic pump (28), the fourth hydraulic rod (27) is connected with a movable ring (29), and a blade (30) is arranged on the inner wall of the movable ring (29);
the fourth hydraulic pump (28) is connected with a fourth controller (45), the fifth hydraulic pump (32) is connected with a fifth controller (46), and a driving device (43) is driven to be connected with a sixth controller (47).
4. The device for transplanting flue-cured tobacco seedlings under mulch film according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step B, 30-40kg of the special compound fertilizer for tobacco and 28-32kg of calcium superphosphate are fully and uniformly mixed per mu and are annularly applied to the root of the tobacco plant at a distance of 8-12 cm.
5. The cured tobacco sub-membrane seedling transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and E, performing biological agents for preventing and treating 'black disease' and 'virus disease' by using the flue-cured tobacco bud inhibitor spraying device.
6. The device for transplanting flue-cured tobacco seedlings under mulch film according to claim 1, characterized in that: and E, periodically supplementing fertilizer and supplementing water for tobacco planting.
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