CN113557886B - Seedling raising device and seedling raising method for tabebuia odorata container - Google Patents
Seedling raising device and seedling raising method for tabebuia odorata container Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/16—Dismountable or portable greenhouses ; Greenhouses with sliding roofs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0293—Seed or shoot receptacles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0295—Units comprising two or more connected receptacles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0297—Grids for supporting several receptacles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/245—Conduits for heating by means of liquids, e.g. used as frame members or for soil heating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a tabebuia hemlock container seedling raising device and a seedling raising method. According to the invention, the closed space is formed by arranging the bottom shell, the upper frame and the conical guide cylinder, the environment temperature and humidity in the seedling culture can be ensured to be in a relatively constant state, the synchronous completion of water spraying and ventilation is realized by arranging the conical guide cylinder, the automatic water spraying assembly and the ventilation assembly in a matched manner, the participation of external driving force is not required, the purpose of automation is achieved, and the labor amount of workers is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seedling raising of tabebuia chrysantha. In particular to a container seedling device and a seedling method for the tabebuia flavicana.
Background
The tabebuia avellanedae is a landscape tree introduced from abroad, when container seedling is carried out on the tabebuia avellanedae, a film is required to be covered at the initial stage so as to ensure the temperature and the humidity in a seedling tray, the covered film is required to be uncovered every day for ventilation and spraying water, in the traditional seedling work, the steps are usually manually completed, and when large-area seedling is carried out, a large amount of work is brought; when the seedlings are transplanted in the seedling tray, the stems of the seedlings are often lifted, the seedlings are lifted out of the seedling tray, the seedling stems are easily damaged, and the survival rate is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a container seedling raising device and a seedling raising method for the tabebuia flavicana, which can automatically spray water, preserve moisture and exchange air and are convenient to take out for raising seedlings.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the container nursery device for the tabebuia flavedo comprises a bottom shell, a nursery tray assembly, an upper frame and a conical guide cylinder, wherein the upper frame is arranged at the top of the bottom shell, bulges are arranged on the inner side wall of the periphery of the bottom shell, the bottom edge of the nursery tray assembly is lapped on the bulges on the inner side wall of the bottom shell, the edge of the conical guide cylinder is hermetically connected with the periphery of the top of the upper frame, the top point of the conical guide cylinder is arranged towards the bottom shell, an electric heater is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell, and water is filled in the bottom shell; the automatic water spraying device is characterized in that ventilation assemblies are arranged on two sides of the upper frame, automatic water spraying assemblies are arranged in the upper frame, and the automatic water spraying assemblies and the ventilation assemblies are arranged in a linkage mode.
According to the seedling raising device for the tabebuia flavedo containers, the ventilation assembly comprises a ventilation window, a connecting rod and an elastic band, ventilation openings are formed in two sides of the upper frame, the top of the ventilation window is hinged to the top of the ventilation openings, the ventilation windows are arranged in the ventilation openings in a sealing mode, the first end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the ventilation window, one end of the elastic band is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the upper frame, and the other end of the elastic band is fixedly connected with the middle of the connecting rod; the other end of the connecting rod is in lap joint with the bottom end of the automatic water spraying assembly.
Above-mentioned yellow flower windbell wood container device of growing seedlings, automatic water spraying subassembly includes first water tank, second water tank, communicating pipe, guide arm and stop collar, the second water tank is located the below of first water tank, equal fixedly connected with on the both sides wall of second water tank the guide arm, equal fixedly connected with on the both sides wall of first water tank the stop collar, the first end of guide arm with the lateral wall fixed connection of first water tank, the second end of guide arm passes stop collar and fixedly connected with fixed block, communicating pipe is located in the first water tank, the first end of communicating pipe runs through the diapire of first water tank, just the first end of communicating pipe is located directly over the second water tank, the second end of communicating pipe along its middle part to the first end of communicating pipe is buckled, the second end of communicating pipe is close to the inner wall bottom of first water tank, the distance between the bent point of the communicating pipe and the bottom of the inner wall of the first water tank is less than the depth of the first water tank, a water collecting tray is arranged right below the top point of the conical guide cylinder, a guide pipe is communicated with the bottom fluid of the water collecting tray, the other end of the guide pipe is communicated with the top fluid of the first water tank, and two or more drip irrigation pipes are communicated with the bottom fluid of the second water tank; the lateral wall of first water tank pass through the support with the inside wall fixed connection of upper ledge, ventilation assembly's power input end overlap joint is in the bottom of second water tank.
Above-mentioned daylily boll container device of growing seedlings, seted up sharp guiding gutter along its generating line on the lateral wall of toper draft tube, just the quantity of sharp guiding gutter is two or more than two, is provided with the circular arc guiding gutter between two adjacent sharp guiding gutters, the one end and one of circular arc guiding gutter the straight line guiding gutter fluid switches on, the other end and another of circular arc guiding gutter the circulation of straight line guiding gutter switches on, the centre of circle point of circular arc guiding gutter is located and is close to one side on toper draft tube summit.
Above-mentioned device of growing seedlings of daylily aeolian bellwood container, educate seedling tray subassembly and include the backup pad and educate seedling cup, two or more than placing the hole has been seted up at the top of backup pad, two or more than place the equidistant setting in hole, educate seedling cup and place downthehole, the through-hole has been seted up at the top of backup pad, electric heater adds the vapor that hot water produced and upwards passes the through-hole, the bottom edge of backup pad with the protruding overlap joint of upper ledge inner wall side.
According to the container seedling raising device for the tabebuia flavicana, the seedling raising cup comprises an upper conical barrel, a lower conical barrel and a bottom plate, the lower conical barrel is sleeved in the upper conical barrel, the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the lower conical barrel, a clamping ring is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the outer side wall of the lower conical barrel along the circumferential direction of the lower conical barrel, a lower arc bulge and an upper arc bulge are respectively arranged on the lower portion of the inner wall of the upper conical barrel along the circumferential direction of the upper conical barrel, the clamping ring is located between the lower arc bulge and the upper arc bulge, a retaining ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper conical barrel, the inner diameter of the retaining ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the clamping ring, and the diameter of the inner wall of the upper conical barrel is the same as that of the inner wall of the lower arc bulge to the bottom of the upper conical barrel and is the same as that of the clamping ring; the top of the lower cone barrel is uniformly provided with two or more than two pressing plates along the circumferential direction of the lower cone barrel, and the outer side wall of each pressing plate is attached to the inner side wall of the upper cone barrel; the side wall of the lower conical barrel is provided with a ventilating groove, and the bottom of the bottom plate is provided with a water permeable hole; the bottom of the edge of the top of the upper conical barrel is provided with a connecting pin, connecting holes are formed in the top of the supporting plate around the placing hole, and the connecting pin is inserted into the connecting holes.
Above-mentioned daylily aeolian bellwood container device of growing seedlings, ventilation assembly's connecting rod second end with the bottom overlap joint of automatic trickle subassembly's second water tank, the lateral wall upper portion intercommunication of drain pan has the inlet tube, the lateral wall lower part intercommunication of drain pan has the drain pipe.
The method for raising seedlings of tabebuia avellanedae in a container comprises the following steps:
step A: selecting nursery lands and treating seeds;
and B: accelerating germination of seeds, and then, carrying out sprout seedling cultivation on the seeds after the germination by using a sciaenopsis huashanensis container seedling cultivation device, wherein the sciaenopsis huashanensis container seedling cultivation device comprises a bottom shell, a seedling culture disc assembly, an upper frame and a conical guide cylinder, the upper frame is arranged at the top of the bottom shell, bulges are arranged on the peripheral inner side wall of the bottom shell, the bottom edge of the seedling culture disc assembly is lapped on the bulges on the inner side wall of the bottom shell, the edge of the conical guide cylinder is hermetically connected with the periphery of the top of the upper frame, the vertex of the conical guide cylinder faces the bottom shell, an electric heater is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell, and water is filled in the bottom shell; the automatic water spraying device comprises an upper frame, a lower frame, a water spraying device and a water spraying device, wherein the two sides of the upper frame are provided with ventilation assemblies respectively;
and C: transplanting seedlings and managing after transplanting;
step D: transplanting big seedlings and managing after transplanting;
step E: and (5) outplanting the nursery stock.
According to the container seedling raising method for the tabebuia flavicana, the garden plot is selected under the climatic conditions that the annual average temperature is 23-30 ℃, the annual precipitation is 1500-; selecting plants which are robust and have no plant diseases and insect pests as seed collecting stock plants, and collecting in 3-5 months; placing the harvested fruits in a windless place for insolation or stacking, and removing peels, residual seeds and rotten seeds; the seeds are picked and sowed at any time or stored in a refrigerator at the low temperature of 0-4 ℃ and taken at any time; b, soaking the dry seeds of the tabebuia flavedo in warm water at the temperature of 40-45 ℃ for 24 hours before sowing to accelerate germination of the seeds, filtering liquid by using a gauze, washing the seeds clean by using clear water, and placing the seeds in a tray for later use; the seedling culture substrate is a mixed substrate of river sand and peat soil, and the mass ratio of the river sand to the peat soil is 9: 1; KMnO with the mass fraction of 5 percent is used for seedling substrate4Sterilizing for 10min, and then loading the sterilized seedling substrate into a seedling tray assembly to make the thickness of the seedling substrate be 3.0-3.5 cm; sowing seeds in a greenhouse, covering a sunshade net with a shading rate of 75% on the roof of the greenhouse, uniformly scattering the seeds after germination on the soil surface of a seedling substrate in a seedling tray assembly when the height of a container seedling device of the tabebuia avellanedae from the ground is more than or equal to 30cm, and then covering the seeds with fine sand with a thickness of 0.5-1 cm; spraying clear water with spray watering pot after sowing, maintaining the humidity in the tray, removing the upper frame and the conical draft tube after 4-5 days, and maintainingSeedling raising matrix soil is warm and moist; sprouting in 5-6 days, sprouting in a large amount after 10-15 days, spraying water for 1-2 times every day, regularly observing the sprouting and growth conditions of seeds, and removing rotten seeds; after sowing, keeping the seedbed moist, and mainly spraying and irrigating; after sowing, the temperature in the greenhouse is required to be 20-28 ℃, and ventilation is carried out when the temperature reaches more than 30 ℃; the humidity in the greenhouse is required to be 75-95%.
In the step C, the mixture of peat, coconut chaff and carbonized rice hulls is selected as a plug seedling culture medium for seedling transplantation, the mass ratio of the peat, the coconut chaff and the carbonized rice hulls is 4:4:2, and then the medium is disinfected; the transplanting container is a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag with the height of 10cm and the diameter of 4cm for raising seedlings; putting the sterilized substrate into a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag for raising seedlings; transplanting the seedlings after sowing when the seedlings grow to 4-5 cm; transplanting the healthy seedlings into non-woven fabric seedling raising bags, placing the seedlings into a seedling raising tray with 1 plant per hole, and watering enough root fixing water after transplanting; after planting, seedling is cultivated in a greenhouse under natural conditions, and the greenhouse is properly shaded in summer; spraying water for 1 time 1-2 days after the seedlings are transplanted, and keeping the substrate water-wet; after 30d of transplanting, fertilizer application is started, compound fertilizer solution with the mass fraction of 0.05-0.1% is applied for 1 time every 15-20 days, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer or foliar nutrient solution is used as extra-root topdressing according to the growth condition of the nursery stock; and artificial weeding is carried out in time; watering is carried out once every other week by using 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim wettable powder in percentage by mass; in the step D, the mixture of carbonized rice hulls, peat soil and coconut coir is selected as a plug seedling culture medium for transplanting the large seedlings, and the mass ratio of the carbonized rice hulls to the peat soil to the coconut coir is 5:3: 2; the transplanting container is a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag with the height of 12.5cm and the diameter of 15 cm; transplanting seedlings when the height of the seedlings is 20-30cm, transplanting one strain in each non-woven fabric seedling raising bag, and watering root fixing water thoroughly after transplanting; culturing in the original greenhouse for 1 month after transplanting, transferring to a seedling training field for natural light seedling training, transferring to the seedling training field, spraying water for 1 time every day, applying compound fertilizer for 1 time in 1 month, and applying 50g fertilizer to each plant; seedling culture is carried out in a greenhouse under natural conditions after transplanting, and shading is carried out properly in summer; artificial weeding, and watering thoroughly after weeding; when leaf spot disease occurs: alternately spraying and preventing by using 800 times of solution of 70 percent thiophanate methyl powder and 15 g of water for each package of 15 g of yellow leaf-spraying green, or alternately spraying and preventing by using 600 times of solution of 80 percent mancozeb wettable powder and 15 g of water for each package of 15 g of yellow leaf-spraying green and 15-20 kg of water; when insect pest occurs: the pyrethroid pesticide is used for prevention and control, and the pesticide is sprayed for 1 time every 7 to 10 days and continuously sprayed for 3 to 4 times by using 2000-time liquid of 10 percent cypermethrin missible oil or 3000-time liquid of 90 percent warfarin wettable powder of 2000-; and E, the height of the seedlings is more than 100cm, the seedlings are robust, the root systems are developed, and the seedlings can reach the outplanting standard without diseases and insect pests.
The technical scheme of the invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the invention, the bottom shell, the upper frame and the conical guide cylinder are arranged to form the closed space, and after clear water is added into the bottom shell, the electric heater is used for heating water, so that the environment temperature and humidity during seedling culture can be kept in a relatively constant state, the seedling culture speed is improved, the seedling culture effect is ensured, and the moisture of the substrate in the seedling culture tray assembly penetrating through the ventilation groove can be humidified by water vapor, so that the substrate is ensured to be wet.
2. According to the invention, by arranging the conical guide cylinder, steam generated by heating water is diffused upwards, the steam is condensed into water drops on the surface of the conical guide cylinder and is collected to the vertex of the conical guide cylinder, the condensed water is collected into the first water tank through the water collecting disc and the guide pipe, when the water surface in the first water tank exceeds the vertex of the communicating pipe, the communicating pipe generates a siphoning effect, the water in the first water tank quickly flows into the second water tank, and after water enters the second water tank, the water drops under the action of gravity, the vent window is pushed to be opened at the same time, the synchronous completion of water spraying and air ventilation is realized, and no external driving force is needed to participate, so that the purpose of automation is achieved, and the labor amount of workers is reduced; because the temperature and the humidity of the whole seedling raising device are controlled by the electric heater and are in a constant state, the speed of condensing the water vapor into water is basically constant, so that the time intervals of water spraying and ventilation are basically the same, and the water spraying and ventilation regularity is realized; the surface of the conical guide cylinder is provided with a linear guide groove and an arc guide groove, and the condensed water is guided under the capillary action of the linear guide groove and the arc guide groove and the action of water drop gravity, so that the flow speed of the condensed water to the top point of the conical guide cylinder is promoted, and the water drops attached between the two guide grooves can be intercepted into the guide groove by matching with the arc groove, so that the flow speed of the condensed water to the top point of the conical guide cylinder is further improved; the conical guide cylinder inner wall is larger than the plane area, the area of heat exchange with external contact is increased, the temperature of the conical guide cylinder is favorably reduced, and steam is promoted to be condensed into water drops.
3. According to the seedling raising device, the seedling raising cup is arranged and is of an upper and lower split structure, the bottom supporting plate is pushed upwards, so that the seedlings can be pushed out of the upper conical barrel, the upper half parts of the roots of the seedlings are exposed, and users can take the roots of the seedlings for transplanting, so that the seedlings can be taken out of the seedling supporting plate conveniently, and the damage to the seedlings caused by the stalks of the seedlings can be avoided; by arranging the pressing plate, when the seedlings are taken out, the bottom supporting plate is pulled down, the pressing plate is driven by the lower conical barrel to contract inwards along the inner conical surface of the upper conical barrel, so that the matrix of the upper half part of the seedling cup is compressed, the matrix is firmer, the matrix is not easy to scatter and fall off during transplanting, the roots of the seedlings are not easy to damage, after the matrix is compressed, the pressing plate expands outwards under the self elasticity when the pressing plate is pressed, a certain gap is formed between the matrix and the pressing plate, the pressing plate is promoted to be separated from the matrix, and due to the existence of the pressing plate, the contact area between the matrix and the upper conical barrel is reduced, so that the resistance when the pressing plate is pressed upwards can be reduced, and the possibility that the matrix is rubbed and scattered by the inner wall of the upper conical barrel is reduced; each seedling cup can both be taken off alone from the backup pad, can be convenient for carry out the change of single seedling.
4. The seedling raising method can ensure that the seedling raising is not limited by seasons, save seeds, shorten the seedling raising period, realize the maximization of the utilization of the seeds and simultaneously be beneficial to improving the survival rate of the seedlings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the front cross-sectional structure of the automatic watering assembly and the vent assembly of the present invention after movement;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the front cross-sectional structure of the automatic water spraying assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a conical draft tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a nursery tray assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the support plate of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a front cross section of a seedling cup according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective sectional view showing a seedling cup according to the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures denote: 1-a bottom shell; 2-seedling tray assembly; 21-a support plate; 22-seedling cup; 23-placing holes; 24-a connection hole; 25-a through hole; 26-lower cone barrel; 27-upper cone barrel; 28-connecting pin; 29-bottom pallet; 30-a ventilation groove; 31-water permeable holes; 32-a snap ring; 33-a retainer ring; 34-lower arc bulge; 35-upper arc bulge; 36-a platen; 3, putting a frame; 4-a conical draft tube; 41-linear guide grooves; 42-arc diversion trench; 5, a water collecting disc; 6-a flow guide pipe; 7-a first water tank; 8-a second water tank; 9-a vent; 10-a louver; 11-a connecting rod; 12-an elastic band; 13-drip irrigation pipe; 14-a water inlet pipe; 15-a drain pipe; 16-an electric heater; 17-communicating tube; 18-a guide bar; 19-a stop collar.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-2, the sciaenopsis root container seedling raising device comprises a bottom shell 1, a seedling raising disc assembly 2, an upper frame 3 and a conical guide cylinder 4, wherein the upper frame 3 is arranged at the top of the bottom shell 1, bulges are arranged on the inner side wall of the periphery of the bottom shell 1, the bottom edge of the seedling raising disc assembly 2 is lapped on the bulges on the inner side wall of the bottom shell 1, the edge of the conical guide cylinder 4 is hermetically connected with the periphery of the top of the upper frame 3, the vertex of the conical guide cylinder 4 faces the bottom shell 1, an electric heater 16 is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell 1, and water is filled in the bottom shell 1; the both sides of upper ledge 3 all are provided with ventilation assembly, be provided with automatic trickle subassembly in the upper ledge 3, automatic trickle subassembly sets up with the linkage of ventilation assembly, through setting up drain pan 1, upper ledge 3 and toper draft tube 4, forms the enclosure space, after adding clear water in drain pan 1, utilizes electric heater 16 to water heating, and ambient temperature, humidity when can guaranteeing to grow seedlings are in the state of relatively invariable, improve the speed of growing seedlings, guarantee the effect of growing seedlings, and vapor can carry out the humidification to seeing through the matrix in the ventilative groove 30 nursery stock dish subassembly 2, guarantees that the matrix is moist.
As shown in fig. 2, the ventilation assembly includes a ventilation window 10, a connecting rod 11 and an elastic band 12, wherein ventilation ports 9 are opened on both sides of the upper frame 3, the top of the ventilation window 10 is hinged to the top of the ventilation ports 9, the ventilation window 10 is hermetically disposed in the ventilation ports 9, a first end of the connecting rod 11 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the ventilation window 10, one end of the elastic band 12 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the upper frame 3, and the other end of the elastic band 12 is fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting rod 11; the other end of the connecting rod 11 is in lap joint with the bottom end of the automatic water spraying assembly; because the temperature and the humidity of the whole seedling raising device are controlled by the electric heater 16 and are in a constant state, the speed of condensing the water vapor into water is basically constant, the time intervals of water spraying and ventilation are basically the same, and the water spraying and ventilation regularity is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the automatic water pouring assembly includes a first water tank 7, a second water tank 8, a communication pipe 17, a guide rod 18 and a stop collar 19, the second water tank 8 is located below the first water tank 7, the guide rod 18 is fixedly connected to both side walls of the second water tank 8, the stop collar 19 is fixedly connected to both side walls of the first water tank 7, a first end of the guide rod 18 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first water tank 7, a second end of the guide rod 18 passes through the stop collar 19 and is fixedly connected to a fixing block, the communication pipe 17 is located in the first water tank 7, a first end of the communication pipe 17 passes through the bottom wall of the first water tank 7, a first end of the communication pipe 17 is located right above the second water tank 8, a second end of the communication pipe 17 is bent toward the first end of the communication pipe 17 along the middle portion thereof, and a second end of the communication pipe 17 is close to the bottom of the inner wall of the first water tank 7, the distance between the bending point of the communicating pipe 17 and the bottom of the inner wall of the first water tank 7 is less than the depth of the first water tank 7, a water collecting tray 5 is arranged right below the vertex of the conical guide cylinder 4, a guide pipe 6 is communicated with the bottom fluid of the water collecting tray 5, the other end of the guide pipe 6 is communicated with the top fluid of the first water tank 7, and two or more drip irrigation pipes 13 are communicated with the bottom fluid of the second water tank 8; the side wall of the first water tank 7 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the upper frame 3 through a support, the power input end of the ventilation assembly is lapped at the bottom of the second water tank 8, the second end of a connecting rod 11 of the ventilation assembly is lapped with the bottom of the second water tank 8 of the automatic water spraying assembly, the upper part of the side wall of the bottom shell 1 is communicated with a water inlet pipe 14, and the lower part of the side wall of the bottom shell 1 is communicated with a water outlet pipe 15. in the invention, by arranging the conical guide cylinder 4, steam generated by heating water is upwards diffused, condensed into water drops on the surface of the conical guide cylinder 4 and collected to the vertex of the conical guide cylinder, the condensed water is collected into the first water tank 7 through the water collecting tray 5 and the guide pipe 6, when the water level in the first water tank 7 exceeds the vertex of the communication pipe 17, the communication pipe 17 generates siphon action, the water in the first water tank 7 rapidly flows into the second water tank 8, and after water enters the second water tank 8, descend under the action of gravity, promote the louver 10 simultaneously and open, realize the trickle and ventilate and accomplish in step to do not need external drive power to participate in, reach automatic purpose, alleviate staff's the amount of labour.
As shown in fig. 4, the outer side wall of the conical guide cylinder 4 is provided with two or more linear guide grooves 41 along the generatrix thereof, an arc guide groove 42 is provided between two adjacent linear guide grooves 41, one end of the arc guide groove 42 is in fluid communication with one linear guide groove 41, the other end of the arc guide groove 42 is in fluid communication with the other linear guide groove 41, the center point of the arc guide groove 42 is located at one side close to the vertex of the conical guide cylinder 4, the guide groove is provided on the surface of the conical guide cylinder 4, and the condensed water is guided by the capillary action and the gravity action of the guide groove, so as to promote the flow velocity of the condensed water to the vertex of the conical guide cylinder 4, and the water drops attached between the two guide grooves can be intercepted into the guide groove by matching with the arc groove, further improving the flowing speed of the condensed water to the top point of the conical guide shell 4; the inner wall of the conical guide cylinder 4 is larger than the plane area, the area of heat exchange with the outside is increased, the temperature of the conical guide cylinder 4 is favorably reduced, and steam is promoted to be condensed into water drops.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the tray assembly 2 includes a support plate 21 and a seedling cup 22, two or more placing holes 23 are formed at the top of the support plate 21, the two or more placing holes 23 are arranged at equal intervals, the seedling cup 22 is placed in the placing hole 23, a through hole 25 is formed at the top of the support plate 21, water vapor generated by heating water by the electric heater 16 passes through the through hole 25, and the bottom edge of the support plate 21 is overlapped with the protrusion on the inner wall side of the upper frame 3 in an overlapping manner
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the seedling cup 22 includes an upper conical barrel 27, a lower conical barrel 26 and a bottom plate, the lower conical barrel 26 is sleeved in the upper conical barrel 27, the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the lower conical barrel 26, a snap ring 32 is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the outer side wall of the lower conical barrel 26 along the circumferential direction thereof, a lower circular arc protrusion 34 and an upper circular arc protrusion 35 are respectively arranged on the lower portion of the inner wall of the upper conical barrel 27 along the circumferential direction thereof, the snap ring 32 is located between the lower circular arc protrusion 34 and the upper circular arc protrusion 35, a retaining ring 33 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper conical barrel 27, the inner diameter of the retaining ring 33 is smaller than the outer diameter of the snap ring 32, and the inner wall diameter of the upper conical barrel 27 is the same as the inner wall diameter of the upper conical barrel 27 from the lower circular arc protrusion 34 to the inner wall diameter of the bottom of the upper conical barrel 27 and is the same as the outer diameter of the retaining ring 32; two or more than two pressure plates 36 are uniformly arranged at the top of the lower cone barrel 26 along the circumferential direction, and the outer side wall of each pressure plate 36 is attached to the inner side wall of the upper cone barrel 27; the side wall of the lower cone barrel 26 is provided with a ventilation groove 30, and the bottom of the bottom plate is provided with a water permeable hole 31; a connecting pin 28 is arranged at the bottom of the edge of the top of the upper conical barrel 27, connecting holes 24 are formed in the top of the supporting plate 21 around the placing hole 23, the connecting pin 28 is inserted into the connecting holes 24, a seedling cup 22 is arranged, the seedling cup 22 is of a vertically split structure, the bottom supporting plate 29 is pushed upwards, seedlings can be pushed out of the upper conical barrel 27, the upper half of the roots of the seedlings are exposed, users can take the roots of the seedlings for transplanting, the seedlings can be taken out of the seedling supporting plate conveniently, and meanwhile, seedling stalks are prevented from being taken to cause seedling damage; by arranging the pressing plate 36, when the seedlings are taken out, the bottom supporting plate 29 is pulled down, the lower cone barrel 26 drives the pressing plate 36 to contract inwards along the inner conical surface of the upper cone barrel 27, so that the matrix at the upper half part of the seedling cup 22 is compressed, the matrix is firmer, the matrix is not easy to scatter and fall off during transplanting, the root of the seedlings is not easy to damage, after the matrix is compressed, the pressing plate 36 expands outwards under the self elasticity when the pressing plate 36 is pushed up, a certain gap is formed between the matrix and the pressing plate 36, the pressing plate 36 is promoted to be separated from the matrix, and due to the existence of the pressing plate 36, the contact area between the matrix and the upper cone barrel 27 is reduced, so that the resistance when the pressing plate 36 is pushed up can be reduced, and the possibility that the matrix is rubbed and scattered by the inner wall of the upper cone barrel 27 is reduced; each seedling raising cup 22 can be individually removed from the support plate 21, and replacement of individual seedlings can be facilitated.
The container seedling raising method for the tabebuia flavicana comprises the following steps:
step A: selecting nursery lands and treating seeds; selecting the climate conditions of 23-30 ℃ of the average annual temperature, 1500-year precipitation of 2000 mm, more than or equal to 60% of the average annual relative humidity, and selecting and executing the seedling culture technology of LY/T1000 container according to plots; selecting a plant which grows robustly and has no plant diseases and insect pests as a seed collecting parent plant, collecting in 3-5 months, and selecting seeds according to GB/T16619 forest seed collecting technology; placing the harvested fruits in a windless place for insolation or stacking, removing peels, residual seeds and rotted seeds, and inspecting the seeds, wherein the inspection is carried out according to GB 2772 forest seed inspection procedures; the seeds are picked and sowed at any time or stored in a refrigerator at the low temperature of 0-4 ℃ and taken at any time;
and B: accelerating germination of seeds, and then carrying out sprout cultivation on the germinated seeds by utilizing a sciaenopsis aegerita container seedling cultivation device, wherein the sciaenopsis aegerita container seedling cultivation device comprises a bottom shell 1, a seedling tray assembly 2, an upper frame 3 and a conical guide cylinder 4, the upper frame 3 is arranged at the top of the bottom shell 1, bulges are arranged on the peripheral inner side wall of the bottom shell 1, the bottom edge of the seedling tray assembly 2 is lapped on the bulges on the inner side wall of the bottom shell 1, the edge of the conical guide cylinder 4 is hermetically connected with the periphery of the top of the upper frame 3, the vertex of the conical guide cylinder 4 faces towards the bottom shell 1, an electric heater 16 is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell 1, and water is filled in the bottom shell 1; the two sides of the upper frame 3 are both provided with ventilation assemblies, an automatic water spraying assembly is arranged in the upper frame 3, and the automatic water spraying assembly and the ventilation assemblies are arranged in a linkage manner; soaking the dry seeds of the tabebuia flavedo in warm water at 40-45 ℃ for 24 hours before sowing for seed germination acceleration, filtering the liquid by using a gauze, and using clear waterWashing the seeds and placing the seeds in a tray for later use; the seedling culture substrate is a mixed substrate of river sand and peat soil, and the mass ratio of the river sand to the peat soil is 9: 1; KMnO with the mass fraction of 5 percent is used for seedling substrate4Sterilizing for 10min, and then loading the sterilized seedling substrate into the seedling tray assembly 2 to ensure that the thickness of the seedling substrate is 3.0-3.5 cm; sowing seeds in a greenhouse, covering a sunshade net with a shading rate of 75% on the roof of the greenhouse, uniformly scattering the seeds after germination on the soil surface of a seedling substrate in the seedling tray assembly 2 when the height of the container seedling device of the tabebuia avellanedae from the ground is more than or equal to 30cm, and then covering the seeds with fine sand with a thickness of 0.5-1 cm; spraying clear water through a spraying watering pot after sowing, keeping the humidity in the tray, removing the upper frame 3 and the conical guide cylinder 4 after 4-5 days, and keeping the seedling substrate soil warm and moist; sprouting in 5-6 days, sprouting in a large amount after 10-15 days, spraying water for 1-2 times every day, regularly observing the sprouting and growth conditions of seeds, and removing rotten seeds; after sowing, keeping the seedbed moist, and mainly spraying and irrigating; after sowing, the temperature in the greenhouse is required to be 20-28 ℃, and ventilation is carried out when the temperature reaches more than 30 ℃; the humidity in the greenhouse is 75-95%;
and C: transplanting seedlings and managing after transplanting; the method comprises the following steps of selecting a mixture of peat, coconut husk and carbonized rice husk as a plug seedling culture medium for seedling transplantation, wherein the mass ratio of the peat to the coconut husk to the carbonized rice husk is 4:4:2, and then sterilizing the medium, wherein the substrate sterilization is carried out according to LY/T1000 container seedling culture technology appendix C; the transplanting container is a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag with the height of 10cm and the diameter of 4cm for raising seedlings; putting the sterilized substrate into a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag for raising seedlings; transplanting the seedlings after sowing when the seedlings grow to 4-5 cm; transplanting the healthy seedlings into non-woven fabric seedling raising bags, placing the seedlings into a seedling raising tray with 1 plant per hole, and watering enough root fixing water after transplanting; after planting, seedling is cultivated in a greenhouse under natural conditions, and the greenhouse is properly shaded in summer; spraying water for 1 time 1-2 days after the seedlings are transplanted, and keeping the substrate water-wet; after 30d of transplanting, fertilizer application is started, compound fertilizer solution with the mass fraction of 0.05-0.1% is applied for 1 time every 15-20 days, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer or foliar nutrient solution is used as extra-root topdressing according to the growth condition of the nursery stock; and artificial weeding is carried out in time; watering is carried out once every other week by using 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim wettable powder in percentage by mass;
step D: transplanting big seedlings and managing after transplanting; the mixture of carbonized rice hulls, peat soil and coconut coir is selected as a plug seedling culture medium for transplanting the big seedlings, and the mass ratio of the carbonized rice hulls to the peat soil to the coconut coir is 5:3: 2; the transplanting container is a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag with the height of 12.5cm and the diameter of 15 cm; transplanting seedlings when the height of the seedlings is 20-30cm, transplanting one strain in each non-woven fabric seedling raising bag, and watering root fixing water thoroughly after transplanting; culturing in the original greenhouse for 1 month after transplanting, transferring to a seedling training field for natural light seedling training, transferring to the seedling training field, spraying water for 1 time every day, applying compound fertilizer for 1 time in 1 month, and applying 50g fertilizer to each plant; seedling culture is carried out in a greenhouse under natural conditions after transplanting, and shading is carried out properly in summer; artificial weeding, and watering thoroughly after weeding; when leaf spot disease occurs: alternately spraying and preventing by using 800 times of solution of 70 percent thiophanate methyl powder and 15 g of water for each package of 15 g of yellow leaf-spraying green, or alternately spraying and preventing by using 600 times of solution of 80 percent mancozeb wettable powder and 15 g of water for each package of 15 g of yellow leaf-spraying green and 15-20 kg of water; when insect pest occurs: the pyrethroid pesticide is used for prevention and control, and the pesticide is sprayed for 1 time every 7 to 10 days and continuously sprayed for 3 to 4 times by using 2000-time liquid of 10 percent cypermethrin missible oil or 3000-time liquid of 90 percent warfarin wettable powder of 2000-;
step E: the nursery stock is outplanted, the height of the nursery stock is more than 100cm, the nursery stock is strong, the root system is developed, and the standard that the nursery stock can be outplanted is achieved without diseases and insect pests; and finally, establishing a file, wherein the file establishment refers to LY/T2289 file execution of forest seedling production management.
The working process is as follows: during actual seedling raising, a seedling raising substrate is placed in a seedling raising cup 22, then a seedling raising disc assembly 2 is placed in a bottom shell 1, clear water is added into the bottom shell 1 through a water inlet pipe 14, the water level is lower than the lowest position of the seedling raising cup 22, then an upper frame 3 is buckled on the bottom shell 1, the upper frame 3 and the periphery of a conical guide cylinder 4 are integrally formed, an electric heater 16 is connected with a power supply and is set at a heating temperature, water is heated, water vapor is generated to diffuse upwards, part of the water vapor passes through holes 25 in the surface of a support plate 21 and upwards, and the other part of the water vapor enters the seedling raising substrate through a ventilation groove 30 in the side wall of the seedling raising cup 22, humidifies and diffuses upwards the substrate;
the water vapor is condensed into water after contacting the conical guide shell 4 and is attached to the wall surface of the conical guide shell 4, along with the continuous collection of water droplets, the water droplets fall and are collected to the top point of the conical guide shell 4 under the action of gravity, the linear guide groove 41 and the circular arc guide groove 42 can accelerate the falling of the water droplets, and the water droplets fall into the water collecting tray 5 and flow into the first water tank 7 through the guide pipe 6 after falling; the water level in the first water tank 7 continuously rises, and when the water level exceeds the bending point of the communicating pipe 17, the water in the first water tank 7 rapidly flows to the second water tank 8 through the communicating pipe 17 under the siphon action; in a normal state, under the pulling force of the elastic belt 12, the elastic belt 12 pulls the connecting rod 11 to close the ventilation window 10 and push the second water tank 8 upwards, the second water tank is in a balanced state, when the weight of the second water tank 8 is increased after water enters, the balanced state is broken, the second water tank 8 moves downwards, the end part of the connecting rod 11 is pressed downwards, the ventilation window 10 is pushed to open by the other end of the connecting rod 11 to realize ventilation, meanwhile, the water in the second water tank 8 drips downwards through the drip irrigation pipe 13 to water the matrix, and after the water in the second water tank 8 is emptied, the connecting rod 11 resets, the ventilation window 10 is closed, and the second water tank 8 is pushed to reset at the same time;
when seedlings need to be transplanted, firstly, the seedling cup 22 is taken out of the placing hole 23 of the supporting plate 21, then the upper conical barrel 27 is held between one hand, the bottom supporting plate 29 is held between the other hand, the bottom supporting plate 29 is slightly rotated, the bottom supporting plate 29 drives the lower conical barrel 26 and the pressing plate 36 to rotate, the matrix contacted with the inner wall of the upper conical barrel 27 is separated, then the bottom supporting plate 29 is pulled downwards to drive the lower conical barrel 26 and the pressing plate 36 to move downwards, the inner wall of the upper conical barrel 27 is matched with the pressing plate 36, the pressing plate 36 contracts inwards to press the matrix tightly, then the bottom supporting plate 29 is pushed upwards to drive the lower conical barrel 26 and the pressing plate 36 to move upwards, meanwhile, the pressing plate 36 opens outwards under the action of self elasticity, when the upper conical barrel 27 is overlapped with the lower conical barrel 26, the matrix is held upwards, seedlings are taken out together with the matrix, and the seedlings are taken out without damage and quickly taken out.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications are possible which remain within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The container nursery device for the tabebuia flavedo is characterized by comprising a bottom shell (1), a nursery site assembly (2), an upper frame (3) and a conical guide cylinder (4), wherein the upper frame (3) is arranged at the top of the bottom shell (1), bulges are arranged on the inner side wall of the periphery of the bottom shell (1), the bottom edge of the nursery site assembly (2) is lapped on the bulges on the inner side wall of the bottom shell (1), the edge of the conical guide cylinder (4) is hermetically connected with the periphery of the top of the upper frame (3), the vertex of the conical guide cylinder (4) faces towards the bottom shell (1), an electric heater (16) is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell (1), and water is filled in the bottom shell (1); the two sides of the upper frame (3) are respectively provided with a ventilation assembly, an automatic water spraying assembly is arranged in the upper frame (3), and the automatic water spraying assembly and the ventilation assemblies are arranged in a linkage manner;
the ventilation assembly comprises a ventilation window (10), a connecting rod (11) and an elastic band (12), wherein ventilation holes (9) are formed in two sides of the upper frame (3), the top of the ventilation window (10) is hinged to the top of the ventilation holes (9), the ventilation window (10) is hermetically arranged in the ventilation holes (9), the first end of the connecting rod (11) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the ventilation window (10), one end of the elastic band (12) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the upper frame (3), and the other end of the elastic band (12) is fixedly connected with the middle of the connecting rod (11); the other end of the connecting rod (11) is in lap joint with the bottom end of the automatic water spraying assembly;
the automatic water spraying assembly comprises a first water tank (7), a second water tank (8), a communicating pipe (17), a guide rod (18) and a limiting sleeve (19), wherein the second water tank (8) is positioned below the first water tank (7), the two side walls of the second water tank (8) are fixedly connected with the guide rod (18), the two side walls of the first water tank (7) are fixedly connected with the limiting sleeve (19), the first end of the guide rod (18) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the first water tank (7), the second end of the guide rod (18) penetrates through the limiting sleeve (19) and is fixedly connected with a fixing block, the communicating pipe (17) is positioned in the first water tank (7), the first end of the communicating pipe (17) penetrates through the bottom wall of the first water tank (7), and the first end of the communicating pipe (17) is positioned right above the second water tank (8), the second end of the communicating pipe (17) is bent towards the first end of the communicating pipe (17) along the middle part of the communicating pipe, the second end of the communicating pipe (17) is close to the bottom of the inner wall of the first water tank (7), the distance between the bent point of the communicating pipe (17) and the bottom of the inner wall of the first water tank (7) is smaller than the depth of the first water tank (7), a water collecting disc (5) is arranged right below the vertex of the conical guide cylinder (4), a guide pipe (6) is communicated with fluid at the bottom of the water collecting disc (5), the other end of the guide pipe (6) is communicated with fluid at the top of the first water tank (7), and two or more drip irrigation pipes (13) are communicated with fluid at the bottom of the second water tank (8); the side wall of the first water tank (7) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the upper frame (3) through a support, and the power input end of the ventilation assembly is lapped at the bottom of the second water tank (8);
linear guide grooves (41) are formed in the outer side wall of the conical guide cylinder (4) along the generatrix of the conical guide cylinder, the number of the linear guide grooves (41) is two or more, an arc guide groove (42) is formed between every two adjacent linear guide grooves (41), one end of each arc guide groove (42) is in fluid communication with one linear guide groove (41), the other end of each arc guide groove (42) is in fluid communication with the other linear guide groove (41), and the center point of each arc guide groove (42) is located on one side close to the vertex of the conical guide cylinder (4);
the seedling tray assembly (2) comprises a supporting plate (21) and seedling cups (22), two or more placing holes (23) are formed in the top of the supporting plate (21), the two or more placing holes (23) are arranged at equal intervals, the seedling cups (22) are placed in the placing holes (23), through holes (25) are formed in the top of the supporting plate (21), water vapor generated by heating water by the electric heater (16) upwards passes through the through holes (25), and the bottom edge of the supporting plate (21) is in lap joint with the bulges on the inner wall side of the upper frame (3);
the seedling cup (22) comprises an upper conical barrel (27), a lower conical barrel (26) and a bottom plate, the lower cone barrel (26) is sleeved in the upper cone barrel (27), the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the lower cone barrel (26), the upper part of the outer side wall of the lower cone barrel (26) is fixedly connected with a snap ring (32) along the circumferential direction, the lower part of the inner wall of the upper conical barrel (27) is respectively provided with a lower arc bulge (34) and an upper arc bulge (35) along the circumferential direction, the snap ring (32) is positioned between the lower arc bulge (34) and the upper arc bulge (35), the bottom of the upper cone barrel (27) is fixedly connected with a retainer ring (33), the inner diameter of the retainer ring (33) is smaller than the outer diameter of the retainer ring (32), the diameter of the inner wall of the upper conical barrel (27) is the same as that of the inner wall of the bottom of the upper conical barrel (27) from the lower arc bulge (34) and is the same as the outer diameter of the snap ring (32); the top of the lower cone barrel (26) is uniformly provided with two or more than two pressing plates (36) along the circumferential direction, and the outer side wall of each pressing plate (36) is attached to the inner side wall of the upper cone barrel (27); the side wall of the lower cone barrel (26) is provided with a ventilation groove (30), and the bottom of the bottom plate is provided with a water permeable hole (31); the bottom of the edge of the top of the upper conical barrel (27) is provided with a connecting pin (28), the top of the supporting plate (21) is provided with a connecting hole (24) around the placing hole (23), and the connecting pin (28) is inserted into the connecting hole (24).
2. The device for growing seedlings of tabebuia flavedo containers in claim 1, wherein the second end of the connecting rod (11) of the ventilation assembly is overlapped with the bottom of the second water tank (8) of the automatic water spraying assembly, the upper part of the side wall of the bottom shell (1) is communicated with a water inlet pipe (14), and the lower part of the side wall of the bottom shell (1) is communicated with a water outlet pipe (15).
3. The container seedling raising method of the tabebuia avellanedae is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step A: selecting nursery lands and treating seeds;
and B: accelerating germination of seeds, then culturing the seedlings of the seeds after accelerating germination by using the container seedling culture device of the tabebuia flavedo as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, the container seedling raising device for the tabebuia flavicana comprises a bottom shell (1), a seedling raising disk component (2), an upper frame (3) and a conical guide cylinder (4), the upper frame (3) is arranged at the top of the bottom shell (1), the inner side wall around the bottom shell (1) is provided with a bulge, the bottom edge of the seedling tray component (2) is lapped on the bulge of the inner side wall of the bottom shell (1), the edge of the conical guide shell (4) is hermetically connected with the periphery of the top of the upper frame (3), and the top point of the conical guide cylinder (4) is arranged towards the bottom shell (1), an electric heater (16) is installed on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell (1), and water is filled in the bottom shell (1); the two sides of the upper frame (3) are respectively provided with a ventilation assembly, an automatic water spraying assembly is arranged in the upper frame (3), and the automatic water spraying assembly and the ventilation assemblies are arranged in a linkage manner;
and C: transplanting seedlings and managing after transplanting;
step D: transplanting big seedlings and managing after transplanting;
step E: and (5) outplanting the nursery stock.
4. The container seedling method of claim 3, wherein in step A, the garden is selected under the climatic conditions of 23-30 ℃ average annual temperature, 1500-2000 mm annual precipitation and 60% or more average annual relative humidity; selecting plants which are robust and have no plant diseases and insect pests as seed collecting stock plants, and collecting in 3-5 months; placing the harvested fruits in a windless place for insolation or stacking, and removing peels, residual seeds and rotten seeds; the seeds are picked and sowed at any time or stored in a refrigerator at the low temperature of 0-4 ℃ and taken at any time; in step B, the tabebuia flavedo is planted before sowingSoaking the dry seeds in warm water at 40-45 ℃ for 24h for accelerating germination of the seeds, filtering liquid by using a gauze, washing the seeds clean by using clear water, and placing the seeds in a tray for later use; the seedling culture substrate is a mixed substrate of river sand and peat soil, and the mass ratio of the river sand to the peat soil is 9: 1; KMnO with the mass fraction of 5 percent is used for seedling substrate4Sterilizing for 10min, and then loading the sterilized seedling substrate into the seedling tray assembly (2) to ensure that the thickness of the seedling substrate is 3.0-3.5 cm; sowing seeds in a greenhouse, covering a sunshade net with a shading rate of 75% on the greenhouse roof, uniformly sowing the seeds subjected to germination acceleration on a seedling culture substrate soil surface in a seedling culture tray assembly (2) when the height of a container seedling culture device of the tabebuia avellanedae from the ground is more than or equal to 30cm, and then covering the seeds with fine sand with a thickness of 0.5-1 cm; spraying clear water through a spraying watering pot after sowing, keeping the humidity in the tray, removing the upper frame (3) and the conical guide cylinder (4) after 4-5 days, and keeping the seedling substrate soil warm and moist; sprouting in 5-6 days, sprouting in a large amount after 10-15 days, spraying water for 1-2 times every day, regularly observing the sprouting and growth conditions of seeds, and removing rotten seeds; after sowing, keeping the seedbed moist, and mainly spraying and irrigating; after sowing, the temperature in the greenhouse is required to be 20-28 ℃, and ventilation is carried out when the temperature reaches more than 30 ℃; the humidity in the greenhouse is required to be 75-95%.
5. The container seedling raising method of tabebuia ananatis as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step C, a mixture of peat, coconut husk and carbonized rice husk is selected as a plug seedling culture medium for seedling transplantation, the mass ratio of peat, coconut husk and carbonized rice husk is 4:4:2, and then the medium is sterilized; the transplanting container is a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag with the height of 10cm and the diameter of 4cm for raising seedlings; putting the sterilized substrate into a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag for raising seedlings; transplanting the seedlings after sowing when the seedlings grow to 4-5 cm; transplanting the healthy seedlings into non-woven fabric seedling raising bags, placing the seedlings into a seedling raising tray with 1 plant per hole, and watering enough root fixing water after transplanting; after planting, seedling is cultivated in a greenhouse under natural conditions, and the greenhouse is properly shaded in summer; spraying water for 1 time 1-2 days after the seedlings are transplanted, and keeping the substrate water-wet; after 30d of transplanting, fertilizer application is started, compound fertilizer solution with the mass fraction of 0.05-0.1% is applied for 1 time every 15-20 days, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer or foliar nutrient solution is used as extra-root topdressing according to the growth condition of the nursery stock; and artificial weeding is carried out in time; watering is carried out once every other week by using 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim wettable powder in percentage by mass; in the step D, the mixture of carbonized rice hulls, peat soil and coconut coir is selected as a plug seedling culture medium for transplanting the large seedlings, and the mass ratio of the carbonized rice hulls to the peat soil to the coconut coir is 5:3: 2; the transplanting container is a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag with the height of 12.5cm and the diameter of 15 cm; transplanting seedlings when the height of the seedlings is 20-30cm, transplanting one strain in each non-woven fabric seedling raising bag, and watering root fixing water thoroughly after transplanting; culturing in the original greenhouse for 1 month after transplanting, transferring to a seedling training field for natural light seedling training, transferring to the seedling training field, spraying water for 1 time every day, applying compound fertilizer for 1 time in 1 month, and applying 50g fertilizer to each plant; seedling culture is carried out in a greenhouse under natural conditions after transplanting, and shading is carried out properly in summer; artificial weeding, and watering thoroughly after weeding; when leaf spot disease occurs: alternately spraying and preventing by using 800 times of solution of 70 percent thiophanate methyl powder and 15 g of water added into each package of 15 g of yellow leaf one-spraying green, or alternately spraying and preventing by using 600 times of solution of 80 percent mancozeb wettable powder and 15 g of water added into each package of 15 g of yellow leaf one-spraying green; when insect pest occurs: the pyrethroid pesticide is used for prevention and control, and the pesticide is sprayed for 1 time every 7 to 10 days and continuously sprayed for 3 to 4 times by using 2000-time liquid of 10 percent cypermethrin missible oil or 3000-time liquid of 90 percent warfarin wettable powder of 2000-; and E, the height of the seedlings is more than 100cm, the seedlings are robust, the root systems are developed, and the seedlings can reach the outplanting standard without diseases and insect pests.
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| CN115812555A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-03-21 | 佛山市顺德区顺茵绿化设计工程有限公司 | Cultivation method for increasing planting survival rate of tabebuia avellanedae in yellow soil hills |
| CN115812486A (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-03-21 | 贵州省中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室(贵州医科大学天然产物化学重点实验室) | Spray fertilizer injection mechanism and epimedium planting and seedling raising device |
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