CN103340085A - Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with geographical characteristics of fen-flavor tobacco producing area - Google Patents
Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with geographical characteristics of fen-flavor tobacco producing area Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103340085A CN103340085A CN2013103107576A CN201310310757A CN103340085A CN 103340085 A CN103340085 A CN 103340085A CN 2013103107576 A CN2013103107576 A CN 2013103107576A CN 201310310757 A CN201310310757 A CN 201310310757A CN 103340085 A CN103340085 A CN 103340085A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- cigarette
- transplanting
- tobacco
- days
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention discloses a flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with the geographical characteristics of a fen-flavor tobacco producing area and belongs to the technical field of tobacco plant cultivation. The flue-cured tobacco cultivation method comprises the following steps of float breeding, soil preparation and ridging, transplanting under film, management in film covering period and field management. The seeding time is from mid December to mid March, the float disc floating seeding method is adopted, seeding hardening lasts for 8-14 days before transplanting; straws return the field, ridging is conducted after the soil is pulverized and moisture is stored, the soil is prepared and the filed is irrigated, and cake fertilizer and farmyard manure which are thoroughly decomposed are mixed to be used as base fertilizer and then applied to the field; the transplanting period is from mid March to mid April, each tobacco plant is irrigated with 1-2kg root water after punch transplanting, and mulching film is covered; nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are evenly mixed and then applied to the field 7-9 days and 15-25 days after transplanting, and seeding leading is conducted when the top of each tobacco seedling ejects the film 15-25 days after the transplanting; the mulching film is removed when the tobacco plants enter the mid of vigorous growth period 30-40 days after transplanting, earthing-up, weeding and watering are conducted in time, topping, and leaf reserving and bifurcation removing are conducted. Through the flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with the geographical characteristics of the fen-flavor tobacco producing area, the geological soil characteristics of the fen-flavor tobacco-growing area are fully and reasonably utilized, the yield and the quality of tobacco leaves are improved, and the aroma style of the fen-flavor tobacco leaves is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cigarette strain and cultivate technical field, be specifically related to a kind of adaptation delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf producing region geological characteristics, rationally utilize local soil resource, promote the flue-cured tobacco cultivation method of quality of tobacco.
Background technology
Soil is the material base of tobacco growing, ecological condition and the quality of tobacco of soil are closely related, within the specific limits, the ecological condition of soil is to the field appearance growing way of cigarette strain, the influence that the influence of quality causes greater than kind on the contrary of smokeing panel test of the yield and output value of tobacco leaf, chemical composition, flavor matter content and tobacco leaf.The soil forming rock type in China south delicate fragrance type cigarette district mainly comprises chip class sedimentary rock, acid magmatic rock, regional class metamorphic rock and paludal sediment, wherein the ratio of chip class sedimentary rock accounts for 79%, and growing the soil that forms by it is to influence cigarette strain growth and quality the most direct main factor.The soil body thickness in delicate fragrance type cigarette district mainly concentrates between 90 ~ 140cm, and the topsoil quality is mainly based on sandy loam, and permeability is good, drip washing intensity is big, and base cation is easy to run off, and the content of organic matter is general, and for a little less than the nitrogen ability, full potassium storage level deficiency, pH value acidity on the weak side.Subsoil structure body surface is also found a large amount of ferrimanganic speckles and tuberculosis, and the soil that iron-manganese concretion exists often physicochemical property and fertility is undesirable.In addition, there are some researches show, although the soil environment quality in China delicate fragrance type cigarette district is totally fair, still have the part block to have heavy metal pollution, especially serious slightly with cadmium pollution.
Except the geology formation characteristics in cigarette district self, in recent years, along with constantly continuing of tobacco continuous cropping trend, some tending management measures also produce certain influence to the soil quality of vega.As the excessive of fertilizer and improperly use the soil acidification that causes and the deterioration of soil physical chemistry performance, impel release and the increase of the hazardous contaminant in the soil, microbial activity is suppressed etc., has also greatly influenced the yield and quality of tobacco leaf.Therefore, the geological environment characteristics in further investigation producing region, examine or check its tobacco-growing soil ecological factor influence that strain is grown to cigarette, research and develop and a kind ofly can fully adapt to delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf producing region geological characteristics, rationally utilize local soil resource, promote the flue-cured tobacco cultivation method of quality of tobacco, for the output, the quality that improve China's tobacco leaf, enhancing one's market competitiveness has very significant meaning.
Summary of the invention
In order to remedy the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of adaptation delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf producing region geological characteristics, rationally utilize local soil resource, promote the flue-cured tobacco cultivation method of quality of tobacco.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of flue-cured tobacco cultivation method that adapts to delicate fragrance type producing region geological characteristics comprises transplanting under floating seedlings, whole ground ridging, the film, overlay film period management, field management operation, specifically comprises:
A, floating seedlings: the cigarette seedling be sowing time mid-December to mid-March, after cigarette seed was broadcast matrix and planted the hole, the floating plate of will growing seedlings placed nutritional bed pond face, fertilizer is cut off the water supply, is controlled in leaf-cutting when treating cigarette height of seedling 6 ~ 7cm before the transplanting, hardening 8 ~ 14 days, allow the cigarette seedling suction liquid manure again, prepare to transplant;
B, whole ground ridging: previous crop results back is shallow winter breaking in time, stalk goes back to the field, hack holds entropy before transplanting, and the whole ground of deep ploughing discharges water and irritates the field, press line-spacing 100 ~ 120cm ridging, high 20 ~ the 30cm in ridge, ridge bottom width 75 ~ 95cm executes pure nitrogen level 2.0 ~ 3.2kg by every mu and calculates the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 is calculated and is used phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, and will become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer and barnyard manure mix the back and applies as base fertilizer two bars when the ridging;
Transplant under C, the film: the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase is that mid-March is to mid-April, beat the cave by the spacing in the rows of 45 ~ 55cm before transplanting, wide 10 ~ the 15cm in cave, dark 15 ~ 20cm, the soil that digs out in the cave place the top, ridge, support mulch film, to strengthen the cigarette transplantation of seedlings then, every strain cigarette seedling waters 1 ~ 2kg normal root water, and covering film is planted cigarette seedling top, back apart from mulch film 10 ~ 15cm;
D, overlay film period management: transplanted the back 7 ~ 9 days, execute pure nitrogen level 1.4 ~ 1.8kg by every mu and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 is calculated and is used phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads fertilizer over the fields after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are mixed; Transplanted the back 15 ~ 25 days, during cigarette seedling top teleblem, in time draw seedling, earthing topdresses, executes pure nitrogen level 1.6 ~ 2.0kg by every mu before the envelope hole and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount are used in the weight ratio calculating of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5, spread manuer in holes into cigarette strain one side after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are mixed, transplant the back 30 ~ 40 days, and took off mulch film when the cigarette strain enters prosperous long mid-term;
E, field management: take off and earth up immediately behind the mulch film, weeding, water, the Liu Ye and smear wooden fork of pinching, accomplish not have weeds, no ponding, no fireworks, smokeless wooden fork, no diseased plant, do not have that weak strain, nothing are short of seedling, no fertilizer deficiency, nothing are taken off fertilizer, nothing hardens, cigarette strain regularity is good.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, because the humification degree of delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf producing region soil is low slightly, and soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is less relatively, and cultivation of the present invention has been adjusted the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer, is conducive to improve soil fertility, for cigarette strain growth provides sufficient nutrient.
2, at organic acid content phenomenons on the low side such as delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf producing region soil humic acid, humic acid, fulvic acid, cultivation of the present invention adopts chemical fertilizer and the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, barnyard manure to mix and execute, promote the accumulation of the easy oxidation organic matter of soil and active organic matter, improve the oxidation-stabilized coefficient of the soil organic matter, also help and regulate vega soil carbon/nitrogen ratio, promote the cigarette strain to the absorption of phosphorus, potassium.
3, cultivation of the present invention is by joining manuring, especially pig fertilizer, increased the adsorption capacity of soil colloid to heavy metal, for soil provides complexing, chelating agent, simultaneously these organic matters also are a kind of better reductant, are conducive to promote heavy metal ion, especially cadmium in the soil, form sulphide, effectively reduce its enrichment in the cigarette strain.
4, cultivation of the present invention is executed on the basis of bio-fertilizer mixed, go back to the field in conjunction with agricultural crop straw, effectively improved structure and the tilth of cigarette district soil, accelerate effective conversion of nutrient in the soil, improve the water retention capacity of soil simultaneously, satisfied the cigarette strain different bearing stage to the demand of moisture.
5, at the characteristics of cigarette district soil pH value acidity on the weak side, cultivation of the present invention preferably carries out agricultural crop straw going back to the field behind the imperfect combustion, not only can sweetening of the soil acidity, tobacco bacterial wilt there is certain prevention and control effect, can also improve soil physical properties, make sand increase cohesiveness, improve fertilizer-preserving ability.
6, the mixing of agricultural crop straw, the bio-fertilizers such as cake fertilizer and barnyard manure that become thoroughly decomposed is joined and is executed, can also increase in the soil Mn oxide to the absorption of heavy metal ion by the improvement to soil pH value, thereby further reduced the activity of heavy metal in soil ion, be conducive to improve quality and the safety of tobacco.
7, the amount of application of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer has been controlled in cultivation strictness of the present invention, prevents the excessive buildup of acid ion, causes Ca in the soil
2+, Mg
2+Loss, cause soil acidification and hardening, avoid the heavy metal ion in the soil to be activated simultaneously, reduce the content of exchange state heavy metal ion in the soil as far as possible.
8, at the characteristics a little less than the cigarette district Soil Potassium ability, in order to improve the content of potassium in the tobacco leaf, improve flammability and the fragrance of delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf, cultivation of the present invention is in the apolegamy of potash fertilizer, pay the utmost attention to the combination of potassium and organic anion, optimization citric acid potassium can obviously increase the potassium content in the tobacco leaf, and the nitrogen in the process of growth/carbon metabolism, resistance etc. are all had facilitation.
9, in the selection of fertilization mode, cultivation of the present invention is according to the characteristics of cigarette strain root system development, and apply bio-fertilizer the early stage that is chosen in grown in field, is conducive to promote the cigarette strain root system development in early stage, and in the choosing of the later stage of grown in field to fertilize, be conducive to improve the root system vigor of later stage cigarette strain.
10, cigarette district topsoil soils is sandy loam, is conducive to the rapid growth of tobacco leaf cell, chloroplast blastoprolepsis especially, and the cell function performance is early.Cultivation of the present invention has been adjusted Effects of Fertilization Frequency and the consumption in prosperous long early stage of cigarette strain, fully to satisfy the needs of Physiological and Biochemical Metabolism activity in cigarette strain growth and the cell, is conducive to the accumulation of tobacco leaf cell inclusion and the mass degradation in maturing stage.
11, because the water retention of mulch film, improved the relative water-holding capacity of cigarette district soil, especially in precipitation less season early summer in early spring, the water conservation effect of mulch film is especially remarkable, is conducive to improve cigarette strain growth subenvironment, improves cigarette transplantation of seedlings survival rate, promotes growth.
12, cultivation of the present invention is transplanted the characteristics of phase soil drought lack of water at southern cigarette district, discharges water before the transplanting and irritates the field, waters sufficient normal root water during transplanting, to the surviving and grow and play crucial facilitation of cigarette strain, has effectively ensured output and the quality of tobacco leaf.
In sum, cultivation of the present invention has taken into full account the geological environment characteristics in delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf producing region, China south, carried out fostering accordingly adjustment at its soil unique physical and chemical properties, in order to fully effectively utilize local soil resource, when promoting that the cigarette strain is grown, improve mode of appearance and the interior quality of tobacco leaf, strengthen the fragrance style of delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf, remarkable in economical benefits has good popularizing application prospect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that different transplanting method are handled the whole strain biomass of cigarette strain down;
Fig. 2 is that different transplanting method are handled the upperground part biomass of cigarette strain down;
Fig. 3 is that different transplanting method are handled the root biomass of cigarette strain down;
Fig. 4 is that different transplanting method are handled the root system accumulation rate of cigarette strain down;
Fig. 5 is that different transplanting method are handled the overground part accumulation rate of cigarette strain down;
Fig. 6 is that different transplanting method are handled the whole strain accumulation rate of cigarette strain down;
Fig. 7 is that average single leaf of different parts blade when end was gathered in the cigarette strain under different transplanting method were handled is heavy;
Fig. 8 is that different transplanting method are handled flue-cured tobacco chlorophyll content in leaf blades down;
Fig. 9 is that different transplanting method are handled flue-cured tobacco blade soluble protein content down;
Figure 10 is that different transplanting method are handled flue-cured tobacco blade pH value down.
Embodiment
Below the present invention is further illustrated, but never in any form the present invention is limited, based on any conversion that training centre of the present invention is done, the present invention all falls into protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of flue-cured tobacco cultivation method that adapts to delicate fragrance type producing region geological characteristics comprises transplanting under floating seedlings, whole ground ridging, the film, overlay film period management, field management operation, specifically comprises:
A, floating seedlings: the cigarette seedling be sowing time mid-December to mid-March, after cigarette seed was broadcast matrix and planted the hole, the floating plate of will growing seedlings placed nutritional bed pond face, fertilizer is cut off the water supply, is controlled in leaf-cutting when treating cigarette height of seedling 6 ~ 7cm before the transplanting, hardening 8 ~ 14 days, allow the cigarette seedling suction liquid manure again, prepare to transplant;
B, whole ground ridging: previous crop results back is shallow winter breaking in time, stalk goes back to the field, hack holds entropy before transplanting, and the whole ground of deep ploughing discharges water and irritates the field, press line-spacing 100 ~ 120cm ridging, high 20 ~ the 30cm in ridge, ridge bottom width 75 ~ 95cm executes pure nitrogen level 2.0 ~ 3.2kg by every mu and calculates the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 is calculated and is used phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, and will become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer and barnyard manure mix the back and applies as base fertilizer two bars when the ridging;
Transplant under C, the film: the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase is that mid-March is to mid-April, beat the cave by the spacing in the rows of 45 ~ 55cm before transplanting, wide 10 ~ the 15cm in cave, dark 15 ~ 20cm, the soil that digs out in the cave place the top, ridge, support mulch film, to strengthen the cigarette transplantation of seedlings then, every strain cigarette seedling waters 1 ~ 2kg normal root water, and covering film is planted cigarette seedling top, back apart from mulch film 10 ~ 15cm;
D, overlay film period management: transplanted the back 7 ~ 9 days, execute pure nitrogen level 1.4 ~ 1.8kg by every mu and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 is calculated and is used phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads fertilizer over the fields after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are mixed; Transplanted the back 15 ~ 25 days, during cigarette seedling top teleblem, in time draw seedling, earthing topdresses, executes pure nitrogen level 1.6 ~ 2.0kg by every mu before the envelope hole and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount are used in the weight ratio calculating of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5, spread manuer in holes into cigarette strain one side after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are mixed, transplant the back 30 ~ 40 days, and took off mulch film when the cigarette strain enters prosperous long mid-term;
E, field management: take off and earth up immediately behind the mulch film, weeding, water, the Liu Ye and smear wooden fork of pinching, accomplish not have weeds, no ponding, no fireworks, smokeless wooden fork, no diseased plant, do not have that weak strain, nothing are short of seedling, no fertilizer deficiency, nothing are taken off fertilizer, nothing hardens, cigarette strain regularity is good.
Leaf-cutting during described cigarette height of seedling 6 ~ 7cm, fertilizer is cut off the water supply, controlled in front and back 2 ~ 3 times before the transplanting, and hardening 10 ~ 12 days allows the cigarette seedling suction liquid manure again, after 2 ~ 3 days, prepares to transplant.
Described stalk goes back to the field, is the segment that the remaining agricultural crop straw in harvesting back is ground into 4 ~ 6cm, spreads fertilizer over the fields go back to the field.
Described stalk goes back to the field, is the segment that will the remaining agricultural crop straw in harvesting back be ground into 4 ~ 6cm, carry out imperfect combustion after, spread fertilizer over the fields go back to the field.
Described hack holds entropy, and deep ploughing wholely was preferably carried out before transplanting in 25 ~ 35 days.
Described hack holds moisture in the soil, behind the whole ground of deep ploughing, preferably discharges water in 10 ~ 20 days before transplanting and irritates the field.
Described cake fertilizer, preferred rapeseed cake fertilizer, sesame cake fertilizer or peanut cake fertilizer, described barnyard manure, preferred pig fertilizer.
Described phosphate fertilizer, preferred fused calcium magnesium phosphate, described potash fertilizer, the optimization citric acid potassium crossed.
Described pair of bar applies, and refers to transplanting the capable 8 ~ 12cm place, both sides of cigarette, opens the dark ditch of 10 ~ 15cm, will treat to apply after fertilising mixes.
Described strong cigarette seedling refers to 40 ~ 60 days cigarette seedling of seedling age.
Described 40 ~ 60 days strong cigarette seedling has 6 true leaves.
Described beat the cave after, can apply weed killer herbicide by the consumption of 130 ~ 260ml/ mu.
Described weed killer herbicide is napropamide.
After the described transplanting, can apply insecticide by the consumption of 275 ~ 330L/ mu.
Described insecticide is 2500 times of liquid medicines of 10% Permanone.
The transplanting density of described cigarette seedling is 1000 ~ 1200 strain/mus.
The preferred 1100 strain/mus of the transplanting density of described cigarette seedling.
After the described cigarette transplantation of seedlings, every strain cigarette seedling preferably waters 1.5kg normal root water.
Described mulch film is polyethylene film, polychloroethylene film or ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer membrane.
Described mulch film is any in colourless mulch film, coloured mulch film or the alternate mulch film with color band that do not have colour band.
The color of described mulch film or the color of color band are redness, blueness or purple.
Wide 90 ~ the 110cm of described mulch film, thick 0.003 ~ 0.005mm.
Described covering film, preferred while transplanting the mode of overlay film, mulch film requirement tensioning, peripheral compacting.
Rose in 8 ~ 12 days behind the described covering film, can beat the ventilation hole of at least one diameter 0.5 ~ 0.8cm at seedling cave sidepiece, after this take the circumstances into consideration to increase the quantity of ventilation hole according to the growing state of cigarette seedling.
Described earthing topdresses, and preferably will treat to apply cigarette strain one side after fertilising mixes, and from cigarette strain 6 ~ 8cm, earthing seals hole then.
The described seedling that draws, preferred morning 8 ~ 10 o'clock or afternoon 5 ~ 7 o'clock are advisable, and are advisable during the described film of taking off, preferred weather are sunny day after day.
Described total fertilization amount is executed pure nitrogen level by every mu and is counted 5 ~ 7kg/ mu.
Described total fertilization amount is executed purity nitrogen by every mu and is preferably 6kg/ mu.
---the experiment place is the official of tobacco agriculture Science Institute small stream base, Fujian Province
The experiment kind is dark green No. one.
A, floating seedlings: cigarette seedling sowing time is mid-November, and after cigarette seed was broadcast matrix and planted the hole, the floating plate of will growing seedlings placed nutritional bed pond face, leaf-cutting when treating cigarette height of seedling 6cm, front and back 2 times.Cut off the water supply, control fertilizer before the transplanting, hardening 8 days allows the cigarette seedling suction liquid manure again, prepares after 2 days to transplant.
B, whole ground ridging: previous crop results back is shallow winter breaking in time, and maize straw is ground into segment about 4cm, spreads fertilizer over the fields go back to the field behind the imperfect combustion, transplants preceding 25 days hacks and holds entropy, and the filling field that discharged water in preceding 10 days is transplanted on the whole ground of deep ploughing.Press line-spacing 100cm ridging, the high 20cm in ridge, ridge bottom width 75cm, execute pure nitrogen level 2.0kg by every mu and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: the weight ratio of phosphate fertilizer: potash fertilizer=1:1.5:2.5 is calculated phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer amount used, to become thoroughly decomposed rapeseed cake fertilizer and pig fertilizer mix the back as base fertilizer transplanting the capable 8cm place, both sides of cigarette, open the dark ditch of 10cm and apply.
Transplant under C, the film: the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase is January in next year, beats the cave by the spacing in the rows of 45cm before transplanting, the wide 10cm in cave, dark 15cm, the soil that digs out in the cave place the top, ridge, the support mulch film, beat the cave after, press? the consumption of kg/ mu applies napropamide.With 40 days strong cigarette transplantation of seedlings of seedling age, every strain cigarette seedling waters 1kg normal root water then, press again? the consumption of kg/ mu applies carbofuran.Then, be covered with wide 90cm then, the red film of the polyethylene of thick 0.003mm is planted cigarette seedling top, back apart from mulch film 10cm.The overlay film while transplanting, mulch film requires tensioning, peripheral compacting.
D, overlay film period management: transplanted the back the 7th day, execute pure nitrogen level 1.4kg by every mu and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: the weight ratio of phosphate fertilizer: potash fertilizer=1:1.5:2.5 is calculated and is used phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads fertilizer over the fields after sodium nitrate, superphosphate, potassium citrate are mixed.Rose in the 8th day behind the covering film, can beat the ventilation hole of at least one diameter 0.5cm at seedling cave sidepiece, after this take the circumstances into consideration to increase the quantity of ventilation hole according to the growing state of cigarette seedling.Transplanted the back the 15th day, during cigarette seedling top teleblem, select in about at 9 o'clock in the morning, to draw film in one day during fine and draw seedling, earthing topdresses, executes pure nitrogen level 1.6kg by every mu before the envelope hole and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount are used in the weight ratio calculating of phosphate fertilizer: potash fertilizer=1:1.5:2.5, spread manuer in holes into cigarette strain one side after sodium nitrate, superphosphate, potassium citrate are mixed, from cigarette strain 6cm, earthing seals hole then.Transplant the back the 30th day, and when the cigarette strain enters prosperous long mid-term, selected to take off in one day mulch film during fine.
E, field management: take off and earth up immediately behind the mulch film, weeding, water, the Liu Ye and smear wooden fork of pinching, accomplish not have weeds, no ponding, no fireworks, smokeless wooden fork, no diseased plant, do not have that weak strain, nothing are short of seedling, no fertilizer deficiency, nothing are taken off fertilizer, nothing hardens, cigarette strain regularity is good.
---the experiment place is that Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Science grinds and the base
The experiment kind is cloud and mist 87.
A, floating seedlings: cigarette seedling sowing time is mid-February, and after cigarette seed was broadcast matrix and planted the hole, the floating plate of will growing seedlings placed nutritional bed pond face, leaf-cutting when treating cigarette height of seedling 7cm, front and back 3 times.Cut off the water supply, control fertilizer before the transplanting, hardening 14 days allows the cigarette seedling suction liquid manure again, prepares after 3 days to transplant.
B, whole ground ridging: previous crop results back is shallow winter breaking in time, and straw is ground into segment about 6cm, spreads fertilizer over the fields go back to the field behind the imperfect combustion, transplants preceding 35 days hacks and holds entropy, and the filling field that discharged water in preceding 20 days is transplanted on the whole ground of deep ploughing.Press line-spacing 120cm ridging, the high 30cm in ridge, ridge bottom width 95cm, execute pure nitrogen level 3.2kg by every mu and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: the weight ratio of phosphate fertilizer: potash fertilizer=1.5:2.5:3.5 is calculated phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer amount used, to become thoroughly decomposed peanut cake fertilizer and chicken fertilizer mix the back as base fertilizer transplanting the capable 12cm place, both sides of cigarette, open the dark ditch of 15cm and apply.
Transplant under C, the film: the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase is mid-April, beats the cave by the spacing in the rows of 55cm before transplanting, the wide 15cm in cave, dark 20cm, the soil that digs out in the cave place the top, ridge, the support mulch film, beat the cave after, press? the consumption of kg/ mu applies napropamide.With 60 days strong cigarette transplantation of seedlings of seedling age, every strain cigarette seedling waters 2kg normal root water then, press again? the consumption of kg/ mu applies carbofuran.Then, be covered with wide 110cm then, the blue film of the polyvinyl chloride of thick 0.005mm is planted cigarette seedling top, back apart from mulch film 15cm.The overlay film while transplanting, mulch film requires tensioning, peripheral compacting.
D, overlay film period management: transplanted the back the 9th day, execute pure nitrogen level 1.8kg by every mu and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: the weight ratio of phosphate fertilizer: potash fertilizer=1.5:2.5:3.5 is calculated and is used phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, waters after nitrate of lime, superphosphate, potassium oxalate are mixed and executes.Rose in the 12nd day behind the covering film, can make a call to the ventilation hole of two diameter 0.8cm at seedling cave sidepiece, after this take the circumstances into consideration to increase the quantity of ventilation hole according to the growing state of cigarette seedling.Transplanted the back the 25th day, during cigarette seedling top teleblem, select in about at 10 o'clock in the morning, to draw film in one day during fine and draw seedling, earthing topdresses, executes pure nitrogen level 2.0kg by every mu before the envelope hole and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount are used in the weight ratio calculating of phosphate fertilizer: potash fertilizer=1.5:2.5:3.5, spread manuer in holes into cigarette strain one side after nitrate of lime, superphosphate, potassium oxalate are mixed, from cigarette strain 8cm, earthing seals hole then.Transplant the back the 40th day, and when the cigarette strain enters prosperous long mid-term, selected to take off in one day mulch film during fine.
E, field management: take off and earth up immediately behind the mulch film, weeding, water, the Liu Ye and smear wooden fork of pinching, accomplish not have weeds, no ponding, no fireworks, smokeless wooden fork, no diseased plant, do not have that weak strain, nothing are short of seedling, no fertilizer deficiency, nothing are taken off fertilizer, nothing hardens, cigarette strain regularity is good.
---brave first township, Puer City Ning Er county
The experiment kind is cloud and mist 87.
A, floating seedlings: cigarette seedling sowing time is late Febuary, and after cigarette seed was broadcast matrix and planted the hole, the floating plate of will growing seedlings placed nutritional bed pond face, leaf-cutting when treating cigarette height of seedling 6.5cm, front and back 2 times.Cut off the water supply, control fertilizer before the transplanting, hardening 10 days allows the cigarette seedling suction liquid manure again, prepares after 3 days to transplant.
B, whole ground ridging: previous crop results back is shallow winter breaking in time, and rice straw is ground into segment about 5cm, spreads fertilizer over the fields go back to the field behind the imperfect combustion, transplants preceding 30 days hacks and holds entropy, and the filling field that discharged water in preceding 15 days is transplanted on the whole ground of deep ploughing.Press line-spacing 110cm ridging, the high 25cm in ridge, ridge bottom width 85cm, execute pure nitrogen level 2.8kg by every mu and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: the weight ratio of phosphate fertilizer: potash fertilizer=1.2:2:3 is calculated phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer amount used, to become thoroughly decomposed sesame cake fertilizer and pig fertilizer mix the back as base fertilizer transplanting the capable 10cm place, both sides of cigarette, open the dark ditch of 12cm and apply.
Transplant under C, the film: the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase is late April, beats the cave by the spacing in the rows of 50cm before transplanting, the wide 12cm in cave, dark 18cm, the soil that digs out in the cave place the top, ridge, the support mulch film, beat the cave after, press? the consumption of kg/ mu applies napropamide.With 50 days strong cigarette transplantation of seedlings of seedling age, every strain cigarette seedling waters 1.5kg normal root water then, press again? the consumption of kg/ mu applies carbofuran.Then, be covered with wide 100cm then, the ethene-vinyl acetate copolymerization purple membrane of thick 0.004mm is planted cigarette seedling top, back apart from mulch film 12cm.The overlay film while transplanting, mulch film requires tensioning, peripheral compacting.
D, overlay film period management: transplanted the back the 8th day, execute pure nitrogen level 1.6kg by every mu and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: the weight ratio of phosphate fertilizer: potash fertilizer=1.2:2:3 is calculated and is used phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, waters after nitrate of lime, double superphosphate, potassium citrate are mixed and executes.Rose in the 10th day behind the covering film, can make a call to the ventilation hole of three diameter 0.6cm at seedling cave sidepiece, after this take the circumstances into consideration to increase the quantity of ventilation hole according to the growing state of cigarette seedling.Transplanted the back the 20th day, during cigarette seedling top teleblem, select in about at 6 o'clock in afternoon, to draw film in one day during fine and draw seedling, earthing topdresses, executes pure nitrogen level 1.8kg by every mu before the envelope hole and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount are used in the weight ratio calculating of phosphate fertilizer: potash fertilizer=1.2:2:3, spread manuer in holes into cigarette strain one side after nitrate of lime, double superphosphate, potassium citrate are mixed, from cigarette strain 7cm, earthing seals hole then.Transplant the back the 35th day, and when the cigarette strain enters prosperous long mid-term, selected to take off in one day mulch film during fine.
E, field management: take off and earth up immediately behind the mulch film, weeding, water, the Liu Ye and smear wooden fork of pinching, accomplish not have weeds, no ponding, no fireworks, smokeless wooden fork, no diseased plant, do not have that weak strain, nothing are short of seedling, no fertilizer deficiency, nothing are taken off fertilizer, nothing hardens, cigarette strain regularity is good.
---different cultivation methods to cigarette strain grow and the influence of quality of tobacco
Experimental technique: the experiment kind adopts local main breed " dark green No. 1 ", carries out in Fujian Province's tobacco agriculture official of Science Institute small stream base year July in October, 2010 ~ 2011.Experiment field soil pH 5.52, organic 16.6 mg/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content are 77.56 mg/kg, available phosphorus contents 22.83 mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content 64.65 mg/kg.2 processing are established in experiment altogether, repeat 4 times.
T
1---the transplanting method of embodiment 1.
T
2---method of contrast.Behind the whole furrow, cover mulch film earlier.Beat the cave with transplantation device by 50 cm spacing in the rows during transplanting, wide 10 cm in cave, dark 15 cm.After transplanting cigarette seedling was gone into the cave, the cigarette seedling degree of depth was identical with embodiment 1.
Sowing on October 19, transplant January 15 next year.40 strains are planted in every processing, repeat 3 times, and except difference was handled in experiment, all the other field management were with reference to high-quality cigarette production decision in the current year's production.
The observation project: before the transplanting, plum blossom point is got plow layer (about 0 ~ 30 cm) soil sample, and nutrient content is measured in air-dry back.Putting in order strain respectively when transplanting back 45 days, 68 days (cigarette strain opening quotation), 91 days (cigarette strain group), 121 days (the cigarette strain is buddingged), 174 days (adopting eventually) takes a sample; The group before, the cigarette strain is divided into root, stem, leaf, measure fresh weight respectively after, the oven dry, measure dry weight again; Sampling takes by weighing root, stem, top and each sheet leaf fresh weight when buddingging, and the oven dry back claims its dry weight; Take sample to decide strain earlier eventually and decide the leaf position, after determining the cigarette strain, cigarette strain blade is divided into upper leaf (top and last two canopy tobacco leaves), middle leaf (waist leaf), bottom leaf (two canopy leaves and pin leaf down), each cigarette strain tobacco leaf with ripe with adopting, gather simultaneously when top is ripe cigarette strain root system and cane, take by weighing fresh weight when gathering after, with its oven dry, claim its dry weight, at last the cigarette strain is combined into upper leaf, middle leaf, bottom leaf, tobacco rod and root, calculate the biological accumulation amount at these positions; Adopt roasting before, each handles each 6 tobacco leaf of cigarette strain upper, middle and lower, avoids master pulse and offshoot punches, mixing with the card punch of 0.45cm2.Measure chlorophyll, soluble protein, pH value, measure 3 times, average; Picking and roasting when each handles the flue-cured tobacco maturation, and gather the mensuration that first flue-cured tobacco sample carries out relevant chemical qualities such as starch, total reducing sugar, reducing sugar and nicotine.
Experimental result:
(1) different transplanting method are to the influence of cigarette strain different parts biomass accumulation
From Fig. 1 as seen, the cigarette strain root biomass of method for transplanting processing of the present invention is accumulated in the whole growth process all greater than contrast experiment's method.Method for transplanting of the present invention is when transplanting 45 days, and root biomass is 1.2 times of contrast experiment's method; Gap is further expanded as 2.17 times when transplanting 66 days, cigarette strain group and be respectively 1.97 times and 1.2 times when buddingging; When gathering end, the cigarette strain still has 1.15 times.
From Fig. 2 as seen, cigarette strain interior the upperground part biomass breeding time of method for transplanting processing of the present invention is accumulated in the whole growth process all greater than contrast experiment's method.Method for transplanting of the present invention is when transplanting 45 days, and the upperground part biomass is 1.5 times of contrast experiment's method; Gap is further expanded as 1.97 times when transplanting 66 days, cigarette strain group and be respectively 1.54 times and 1.17 times when buddingging; When gathering end to the cigarette strain, the upperground part biomass of two kinds of methods is similar.
From Fig. 3 as seen, the whole strain biomass accumulation of the cigarette strain of method for transplanting processing of the present invention all is higher than contrast experiment's method in whole growth process.Method for transplanting of the present invention is when transplanting 45 days, and whole strain biomass is 1.4 times of contrast experiment's method; Gap is further expanded as 2.0 times when transplanting 66 days, cigarette strain group and be respectively 1.6 times and 1.25 times when buddingging; When gathering end, the cigarette strain still has 1.04 times, still a little higher than contrast experiment's method.
(2) different transplanting method are to the influence of cigarette strain different parts accumulation rate
From Fig. 4 as seen, the cigarette strain root biomass accumulation rate handled of method for transplanting of the present invention in whole growing all greater than contrast experiment's method.Illustrate that method for transplanting of the present invention can effectively promote the quick accumulation of cigarette strain root biomass.
From Fig. 5 as seen, before the cigarette strain was buddingged, cigarette strain the upperground part biomass accumulation rate that method for transplanting of the present invention is handled was greater than contrast experiment's method, and after transplanting 120 days, its accumulation rate is gradually less than contrast experiment's method.This is because method for transplanting of the present invention has taken full advantage of ground temperature in transplanting early stage, has improved the temperature of cigarette strain growth subenvironment, and then has improved the growth rate in cigarette strain early stage; In the cigarette strain growth later stage, the cigarette strain comes to the ripening period, and cigarette strain biomass accumulation speed slows down, and the Huang Cheng that in good time falls who is conducive to tobacco leaf is ripe, be conducive to the formation of quality of tobacco, and contrast experiment's method also has more substance accumulation in the later stage, and the maturation of tobacco leaf is affected.
As can be seen from Figure 6, the whole strain cigarette strain biomass accumulation speed under different transplanting method are handled is similar to the upperground part biomass accumulation rate Changing Pattern.It is ripe that method for transplanting of the present invention is conducive to the Huang Cheng that in good time falls of tobacco leaf, makes the roasting time of adopting of tobacco leaf, rises batch time and all can effectively be regulated and control.
(3) different transplanting method are to the influence of cigarette strain different parts biomass
1. the influence of different transplanting method various position leaves biomass when strain is pinched to cigarette
As seen from Table 1, the 2nd leaf of cigarette strain that method for transplanting of the present invention is handled namely reaches more than 4 g, namely be effective leaf at last, and the cigarette strain that contrast experiment's method is handled just reaches more than 4 g at the 5th leaf, 4 of fronts are invalid leaf, illustrate when method for transplanting of the present invention has promoted cigarette strain early growth and quick tiller, also improved the identity of lower tobacco leaf, improved lower tobacco leaf quality and tobacco leaf usability; When promoting the various position leaves biomass accumulation, also promoted the increase of cigarette strain effective blade number.Take temperature from whole strain cigarette strain blade biology, contrast experiment's method is 76.62 g/ strains, and method for transplanting of the present invention is 84 g/ strains, is higher than the former 9.63%.
The different transplanting method of table 1 when pinching cigarette strain various position leaves biomass influence the g/ sheet
| The leaf position | Contrast experiment's method | Method for transplanting of the present invention | The leaf position | Contrast experiment's method | Method for transplanting of the |
| 1 | 2.150 | 2.827 | 13 | 4.820 | 4.970 |
| 2 | 2.407 | 4.460 | 14 | 5.523 | 4.157 |
| 3 | 2.423 | 4.303 | 15 | 4.350 | 4.543 |
| 4 | 3.233 | 4.810 | 16 | 4.183 | 3.060 |
| 5 | 4.190 | 5.130 | 17 | 3.780 | 3.093 |
| 6 | 4.417 | 5.327 | 18 | 2.537 | 2.437 |
| 7 | 4.120 | 5.407 | 19 | 2.073 | 1.767 |
| 8 | 4.450 | 4.893 | 20 | 1.330 | 1.850 |
| 9 | 4.613 | 4.630 | 21 | 1.040 | 0.980 |
| 10 | 4.143 | 5.783 | 22 | 0.773 | － |
| 11 | 5.073 | 4.870 | Summation | 76.623 | 84.000 |
| 12 | 4.993 | 4.703 | ? | ? | ? |
Annotate: the cigarette strain mean number of sheets that method for transplanting of the present invention is handled is 21.
2. different transplanting method strain heavy influence of the average single leaf of different parts blade when finishing of gathering to cigarette
From Fig. 7 as seen, the cigarette strain is gathered when finishing, and the cigarette strain different parts blade biomass that method for transplanting of the present invention is handled is all compared than experimental method height.Wherein, bottom Ye Tigao 24.74%, the middle part improves 10.2%, and upper leaf improves 18.94%.Illustrate that method for transplanting of the present invention is obvious to the heavy effect of single leaf that improves different parts, particularly more obvious to the heavy raising effect of bottom Ye Danye, be conducive to improve the lower tobacco leaf identity, have obvious effect to improving Quality of Lower Stalk Position.
(4) different transplanting method are to the influence of flue-cured tobacco different parts chlorophyll content in leaf blades (SPAD)
From Fig. 8 as seen, method for transplanting of the present invention is handled each position blade of flue-cured tobacco and is adopted SPAD value when roasting all less than contrast experiment's method.Chlorophyll is relevant with modulation back tobacco leaf color and luster, is one of main component that influences quality of tobacco and availability, and along with blade is tending towards proper mature (ripe), chlorophyll is continuous reduction trend, and the SPAD value is more little.This observed result shows that method for transplanting upper leaf blade SPAD value comparison of the present invention has reduced about 3 than test, and the comparison of middle leaf blade SPAD value has reduced about 6 than test, and leaf blade SPAD value comparison in bottom has reduced about 8 than test.
(5) different transplanting method are to the influence of flue-cured tobacco blade content of soluble protein
Protein be in the tobacco leaf with chemical composition jealous and the excitant significant positive correlation, tobacco leaf is in maturation, synthase activity scatters and disappears gradually and the catabolic enzyme activity is higher, will cause protein content to reduce.As seen from Figure 9, method for transplanting of the present invention is handled the content of soluble protein of each position blade of flue-cured tobacco all less than contrast experiment's method, and wherein, upper leaf content of soluble protein comparative trial has reduced by 18%, and middle leaf has reduced by 8%, and the bottom leaf has reduced by 19%.
(6) different transplanting method are to the influence of flue-cured tobacco blade pH
Tobacco leaf is in maturation, and dry matter decomposes a large amount of acidic materials of generation gradually, and alkaline matter then accumulates comparatively slow, makes the pH value reduce gradually.As seen from Figure 10, method for transplanting of the present invention is handled the pH value of each position blade of flue-cured tobacco all less than contrast experiment's method, and wherein, upper leaf and the comparison of middle leaf pH value have reduced about 0.1 than test, and the bottom leaf has reduced about 0.2.
(7) different transplanting method are to the influence of flue-cured tobacco blade conventional chemical quality
The different transplanting method flue-cured tobacco of table 2 blade routine chemical components content
| The position | Handle | Starch (%) | Total reducing sugar (%) | Reducing sugar (%) | Nicotine (%) | |
| | Handle | 1 | 6.6 | 29.7 | 27.1 | 3.2 |
| ? | |
7.2 | 31.1 | 26.7 | 3.4 | |
| | Handle | 1 | 6.8 | 35.3 | 32.6 | 2.9 |
| ? | |
8.1 | 33.8 | 30.1 | 2.6 | |
| The | Handle | 1 | 5.4 | 37.5 | 34.5 | 1.2 |
| ? | |
5.8 | 35.8 | 31.9 | 1.0 |
Studies show that flue-cured tobacco blade starch reduces along with the raising of maturity, nicotine content then is tending towards proper mature (ripe) along with blade and increases.Upper leaf total reducing sugar and reducing sugar reduce along with the raising of maturity, and bottom leaf total reducing sugar and reducing sugar are along with the raising of the maturity trend of strong-minded increase then.By table 2 as seen, method for transplanting of the present invention is handled the junior tobacco leaf content of starch and is compared with contrast experiment's method, and upper leaf, middle leaf and bottom leaf have descended 8%, 16% and 7% respectively; Method for transplanting of the present invention is handled the junior tobacco leaf total sugar content and is compared with contrast experiment's method, and upper leaf has descended 4%, and middle leaf and bottom leaf have improved 4% and 5% respectively; Method for transplanting of the present invention is handled the junior tobacco leaf content of reducing sugar and is compared with contrast experiment's method, and upper leaf, middle leaf and bottom leaf have improved 1%, 8% and 8% respectively; Method for transplanting of the present invention is handled the junior tobacco leaf nicotine content and is compared with contrast experiment's method, and upper leaf has reduced by 6%, and middle leaf and bottom leaf have improved 1%, 12% and 20% respectively.
In sum, method for transplanting of the present invention can take full advantage of the soil higher temperature in early stage, improve cigarette strain growth subenvironment, be conducive to elongation and the whole strain cigarette strain early growth of cigarette strain root system, improve biomass accumulation, the cigarette strain growth later stage then speed slow down, it is ripe to be conducive to the tobacco leaf Huang Cheng that in good time falls.When pinching, the average single leaf weight of the cigarette strain blade that method for transplanting of the present invention is handled and whole strain blade biomass are all apparently higher than contrast experiment's method.The cigarette strain is gathered when finishing, and the average single leaf weight average of cigarette strain different parts tobacco leaf that method for transplanting of the present invention is handled is apparently higher than contrast experiment's method, and particularly bottom leaf and difference are particularly evident, can significantly improve bottom blade part, effectively improve the quality of lower tobacco leaf.Method for transplanting flue-cured tobacco leaf chlorophyll of the present invention, soluble protein, pH value all decrease, and as seen it can ensure the grown in field time of delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf preferably, make that its tobacco leaf chemical composition is tending towards coordinating, and improve the inherent chemical quality of tobacco leaf.
Claims (9)
1. a flue-cured tobacco cultivation method that adapts to delicate fragrance type producing region geological characteristics is characterized in that comprising transplanting under floating seedlings, whole ground ridging, the film, overlay film period management, field management operation, specifically comprises:
A, floating seedlings: the cigarette seedling be sowing time mid-December to mid-March, after cigarette seed was broadcast matrix and planted the hole, the floating plate of will growing seedlings placed nutritional bed pond face, fertilizer is cut off the water supply, is controlled in leaf-cutting when treating cigarette height of seedling 6 ~ 7cm before the transplanting, hardening 8 ~ 14 days, allow the cigarette seedling suction liquid manure again, prepare to transplant;
B, whole ground ridging: previous crop results back is shallow winter breaking in time, stalk goes back to the field, hack holds entropy before transplanting, and the whole ground of deep ploughing discharges water and irritates the field, press line-spacing 100 ~ 120cm ridging, high 20 ~ the 30cm in ridge, ridge bottom width 75 ~ 95cm executes pure nitrogen level 2.0 ~ 3.2kg by every mu and calculates the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 is calculated and is used phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, and will become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer and barnyard manure mix the back and applies as base fertilizer two bars when the ridging;
Transplant under C, the film: the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase is that mid-March is to mid-April, beat the cave by the spacing in the rows of 45 ~ 55cm before transplanting, wide 10 ~ the 15cm in cave, dark 15 ~ 20cm, the soil that digs out in the cave place the top, ridge, support mulch film, to strengthen the cigarette transplantation of seedlings then, every strain cigarette seedling waters 1 ~ 2kg normal root water, and covering film is planted cigarette seedling top, back apart from mulch film 10 ~ 15cm;
D, overlay film period management: transplanted the back 7 ~ 9 days, execute pure nitrogen level 1.4 ~ 1.8kg by every mu and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: the weight ratio of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5 is calculated and is used phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount, spreads fertilizer over the fields after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are mixed; Transplanted the back 15 ~ 25 days, during cigarette seedling top teleblem, in time draw seedling, earthing topdresses, executes pure nitrogen level 1.6 ~ 2.0kg by every mu before the envelope hole and calculate the applied nitrogen amount, by nitrogenous fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer: phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount are used in the weight ratio calculating of potash fertilizer=1 ~ 1.5:1.5 ~ 2.5:2.5 ~ 3.5, spread manuer in holes into cigarette strain one side after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are mixed, transplant the back 30 ~ 40 days, and took off mulch film when the cigarette strain enters prosperous long mid-term;
E, field management: take off and earth up immediately behind the mulch film, weeding, water, the Liu Ye and smear wooden fork of pinching, accomplish not have weeds, no ponding, no fireworks, smokeless wooden fork, no diseased plant, do not have that weak strain, nothing are short of seedling, no fertilizer deficiency, nothing are taken off fertilizer, nothing hardens, cigarette strain regularity is good.
2. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, leaf-cutting when it is characterized in that described cigarette height of seedling 6 ~ 7cm, fertilizer is cut off the water supply, controlled in front and back 2 ~ 3 times before the transplanting, and hardening 10 ~ 12 days allows the cigarette seedling suction liquid manure again, after 2 ~ 3 days, prepares to transplant.
3. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that it is the segment that the remaining agricultural crop straw in harvesting back is ground into 4 ~ 6cm that described stalk goes back to the field, spreads fertilizer over the fields go back to the field.
4. as claim 1 or 3 each described cultivation methods, it is characterized in that it is the segment that will the remaining agricultural crop straw in harvesting back be ground into 4 ~ 6cm that described stalk goes back to the field, carry out imperfect combustion after, spread fertilizer over the fields go back to the field.
5. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described hack holds moisture in the soil, behind the whole ground of deep ploughing, and 10 ~ 20 days filling fields that discharge water before transplanting.
6. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described cake fertilizer is rapeseed cake fertilizer, sesame cake fertilizer or peanut cake fertilizer, and described barnyard manure is pig fertilizer.
7. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that stating phosphate fertilizer is fused calcium magnesium phosphate, described potash fertilizer is potassium citrate.
8. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, the transplanting density that it is characterized in that described cigarette seedling is 1000 ~ 1200 strain/mus.
9. cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described mulch film is polyethylene film, polychloroethylene film or ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer membrane, and described mulch film is any in colourless mulch film, coloured mulch film or the alternate mulch film with color band that do not have colour band.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310310757.6A CN103340085B (en) | 2013-07-23 | 2013-07-23 | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with geographical characteristics of fen-flavor tobacco producing area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310310757.6A CN103340085B (en) | 2013-07-23 | 2013-07-23 | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with geographical characteristics of fen-flavor tobacco producing area |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103340085A true CN103340085A (en) | 2013-10-09 |
| CN103340085B CN103340085B (en) | 2015-02-25 |
Family
ID=49274956
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310310757.6A Active CN103340085B (en) | 2013-07-23 | 2013-07-23 | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with geographical characteristics of fen-flavor tobacco producing area |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103340085B (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104718862A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-06-24 | 广东省烟草南雄科学研究所 | Method for improving utilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco nutrient resource in sandy-muddy field soil in South China |
| CN105340548A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-24 | 四川省烟草公司宜宾市公司 | Flue-cured tobacco seedling transplanting method |
| CN106613201A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-10 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Cultivation method of fragrance type flue-cured tobacco |
| CN106688566A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-24 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Method for promoting accumulation of dry matter in tobacco plants of flue-cured tobacco variety Yue tobacco 97 |
| CN107046904A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-18 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司原料供应中心 | It is a kind of to be suitable for the Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method that superelevation height above sea level plants cigarette district acid soil |
| CN108523201A (en) * | 2018-03-10 | 2018-09-14 | 湖南农业大学 | A method of improving 99 economic characters of cloud and mist and upper tobacco leaf quality |
| CN109328527A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-15 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of gradually Root growth method of high effect culture tobacco root |
| CN110907600A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-24 | 云南省烟草公司临沧市公司 | Method for measuring tobacco planting soil micro-ecological environment |
| CN111837860A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-30 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Production method for improving two-sugar coordination of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN113207601A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-06 | 云南省烟草公司文山州公司 | Method for improving tobacco nicotine yield per unit land area |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699954A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2010-05-05 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Culturing method of one-ridge double-row flue-cured tobacco dislocation |
| CN102630478A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-15 | 云南省烟草公司保山市公司 | Organic tobacco field planting and field managing method |
| CN102783348A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-21 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Laborsaving cost-reducing direct-seeding cultivation method for tobacco |
| CN102986355A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-27 | 华南农业大学 | Precise nitrogen application method aiming at flue-cured tobacco |
| CN103081710A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-05-08 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Tobacco half-film-covering cultivation method |
| CN103098645A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-05-15 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco small strong seedlings |
-
2013
- 2013-07-23 CN CN201310310757.6A patent/CN103340085B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699954A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2010-05-05 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Culturing method of one-ridge double-row flue-cured tobacco dislocation |
| CN102630478A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-15 | 云南省烟草公司保山市公司 | Organic tobacco field planting and field managing method |
| CN102783348A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-21 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Laborsaving cost-reducing direct-seeding cultivation method for tobacco |
| CN102986355A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-27 | 华南农业大学 | Precise nitrogen application method aiming at flue-cured tobacco |
| CN103081710A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-05-08 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Tobacco half-film-covering cultivation method |
| CN103098645A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-05-15 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco small strong seedlings |
Non-Patent Citations (10)
| Title |
|---|
| 夏海乾等: "不同起垄方式及覆膜对烤烟生长发育和产质的影响", 《贵州农业科学》 * |
| 徐照丽: "云南生态环境与云南烤烟香气品质关系的探讨", 《农艺科学》 * |
| 徐超华等: "延长光照时间对烟草叶片生长发育及光合特性的影响", 《西北植物学报》 * |
| 李应金等: "3种除草膜防除烟田杂草试验", 《烟草科技/栽培与调制》 * |
| 胡雪琼等: "云南烤烟气候类型及其适宜性研究", 《南京气象学院学报》 * |
| 胡雪琼等: "云南省与津巴布韦烤烟种植气候相似性的精细分析", 《中国农业气象》 * |
| 邬春芳等: "不同颜色薄膜遮光对烟草生长期质体色素含量的影响", 《中国烟草学报》 * |
| 邱学礼等: "云南曲靖烤烟坡耕地不同农作处理的水土流失特征", 《中国水土保持科学》 * |
| 马聪等: "气候过渡型烟区优质烤烟标准化生产关键技术", 《农业信心科学》 * |
| 黄中艳等: "云南烤烟大田期气候对烟叶品质的影响", 《中国农业气象》 * |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104718862A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-06-24 | 广东省烟草南雄科学研究所 | Method for improving utilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco nutrient resource in sandy-muddy field soil in South China |
| CN105340548A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-24 | 四川省烟草公司宜宾市公司 | Flue-cured tobacco seedling transplanting method |
| CN106613201A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-10 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Cultivation method of fragrance type flue-cured tobacco |
| CN106688566A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-24 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Method for promoting accumulation of dry matter in tobacco plants of flue-cured tobacco variety Yue tobacco 97 |
| CN107046904A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-18 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司原料供应中心 | It is a kind of to be suitable for the Fertilizer Application of Tobacco method that superelevation height above sea level plants cigarette district acid soil |
| CN108523201A (en) * | 2018-03-10 | 2018-09-14 | 湖南农业大学 | A method of improving 99 economic characters of cloud and mist and upper tobacco leaf quality |
| CN108523201B (en) * | 2018-03-10 | 2021-07-30 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for improving economic character of Yunyan 99 and quality of upper tobacco leaves |
| CN109328527A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-15 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of gradually Root growth method of high effect culture tobacco root |
| CN110907600A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-24 | 云南省烟草公司临沧市公司 | Method for measuring tobacco planting soil micro-ecological environment |
| CN111837860A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-30 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Production method for improving two-sugar coordination of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN113207601A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-06 | 云南省烟草公司文山州公司 | Method for improving tobacco nicotine yield per unit land area |
| CN113207601B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2023-08-29 | 云南省烟草公司文山州公司 | Method for improving nicotine yield of tobacco in unit land area |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103340085B (en) | 2015-02-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103340085B (en) | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with geographical characteristics of fen-flavor tobacco producing area | |
| CN101699961B (en) | Integrated fertilization method under condition of NPKS of double-cropping crops of wheat and corn | |
| CN103688704B (en) | Planting method of brassica oleracea L.var.capitata L. | |
| CN103340083B (en) | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with light environment of Yunnan tobacco-growing area | |
| CN103636397B (en) | Method for promoting high production and early-maturing of rapes | |
| CN104370623B (en) | A kind of potato special fertilizer and its manufacture, application method | |
| CN103238447A (en) | High-quality high-efficiency high-yield blueberry cultivation method | |
| CN103960098A (en) | Planting method capable of improving exterior quality and palatability of selenium-enriched rice | |
| CN107258300A (en) | A kind of green manure and the cultural method of konjaku interplanting | |
| Amiri | Impact of animal manures and chemical fertilizers on yield components of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) | |
| CN103891496B (en) | A kind of implantation methods of Fruit of Panax ginseng | |
| CN105493812B (en) | A kind of middle temperate zone spring wheat, winter rape, buckwheat 2 years three ripe cultural methods | |
| CN104230532B (en) | A kind of Controlled Release Fertilizer and its manufacture, application method | |
| CN106748416A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich navel orange | |
| CN106613270A (en) | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method | |
| CN103340084B (en) | Cultivation method ensuring field growth time of fen-flavor tobacco leaves | |
| CN105028123A (en) | Organic matter-enriched brackish water irrigation method for saline-alkali soil and application of irrigation method in planting of silphium perfoliatum | |
| CN108770617A (en) | Mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system is no-tillage and the method that Radish turns over returning to the field culture fertility | |
| CN104472058A (en) | Method for increasing alfalfa seed yield | |
| CN104365329B (en) | A kind of autumn sends out the plantation of the big gold dollar of safflower and field management method on mountain red earth | |
| CN106305016A (en) | A high yield cultivation technology for fagopyrum tataricum | |
| CN108156874A (en) | Plant naringi crenulata and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation in strand sandyization salt-soda soil | |
| CN109804765A (en) | A kind of fertilizing method of Queensland nut bio-bacterial manure | |
| CN108124566A (en) | Subtract the method for applying synergy in arrow Kuo peas in cigarette the crop rotation of Rhizobium Inoculation | |
| CN103609310B (en) | A kind of alternating method and a kind of tobacco planting method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |