CN103314743B

CN103314743B - Alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping method

Info

Publication number: CN103314743B
Application number: CN201310208110.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹世雄; 孙宇彤
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-05-30
Filing date: 2013-05-30
Publication date: 2015-09-16
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-30
Also published as: CN103314743A

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping method, first, the wide terraced fields of 4-5m released by every horizontal interval 4-5m bulldozer in hillside fields, build flash bank, hand compaction at terraced fields outward flange; Then, in terraced fields, the capable economic tree of 1-2 is planted, outer slope plantation leguminous forage; Finally, the herbage of harvesting is dug trench along tree crown periphery and places into the soil, complete alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping process.Its method effectively reduces Topographic factor, the herbage of harvesting also can be orchard provides organic green manure, reduce fertilizer cost of transportation, the burst plantation of herbage and fruit tree, also assures that fruit-bearing forest healthy growth, achieve pollution-free, continuable Green Development, be the direction of green agriculture development, be particularly suitable for promoting the use of in the green agriculture establishment of economic forest of soil property mountain area.

Description

Alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of hillside fields woods grass intercropping method, particularly a kind of environmental protection implantation methods utilizing alternation of slope and terrace to carry out the intercropping of woods grass, belongs to field of plant cultivation.

Background technology

Hillside orchard is one of main cause measure of Agricultural Economy of The Mountainous Regions development, is also the main channel that the vast farmers masses build up the family fortunes.But Sloping field in mountain area is subject to the impact of self geomorphologic conditions, severe water and soil erosion.Adopt fillet terraced fields, every slope counter-slope fillet terraced fields technology etc. in the culture technique of tradition orchard more, these technology due to design standard low, narrower terraced fields are difficult to the terraced fields damage keeping out precipitation initiation, make hillside orchard soil and water conservation effect not good, meanwhile, build fillet terraced fields and mainly rely on manual work, mechanization degree is low, engineering inefficiency, brings to the spread of narrow terraced fields and plantation use and has a strong impact on.Simultaneously, in the growth and development process of fruit tree, economic forest grows fast needs a large amount of organic manure, this proposes high requirement to again communications and transportation and fertilizer supply, transport and cultivation cost are significantly increased, and for reducing cost, numerous orchard workers mainly use chemical fertilizer to substitute organic manure, cause environmental pollution and fruit quality to decline serious, form the vicious circle of hillside orchard planting process.

For improving the soil and water conservation effect of hillside orchard, development green agriculture, scientists has carried out a series of research work, as Terrace Ridge gradient safety research, the technical research of wide bar terraced fields, the research of fruit tree interplanting green manure woods grass interplanting technique, Mechanism of Soil Erosion on Slope Land research etc.Although the research of this type of technology is very active, but research process with actual combine less, the significant cost built as wide bar terraced fields is beyond the economic input ability of local farmers, the strength that correlation technique has to rely on government promotes, and the native Mountainous Area that soil layer is thinner, the more difficult expansion of mechanized construction, the building of wide bar terraced fields, to use and promotion conference is had a strong impact on, and then has influence on the research in other direction based on wide bar terraced fields; Meanwhile, fruit tree interplanting green manure woods grass interplanting technique, ignore herbage and trees and strive water and strive and fertilely grows to arboreal growth the negative effect brought, cause fruits output and quality decline, correlation technique is attended to one thing and lose sight of another, to Production of economic forest generation harmful effect.

Summary of the invention

In view of the foregoing, the present invention aim to provide a kind of can effectively prevention soil and water loss, reduce environmental pollution and destruction, reduction production cost, ensure the hillside orchard environmental protection cultivation method with sustainable development of fruit quality.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping method, first, every horizontal interval 4-5m, release the wide terraced fields of 4-5m with bulldozer in hillside fields, terraced fields outward flange is built flash bank, hand compaction forms dash ridge bank; Then, in terraced fields, plant the capable economic tree of 1-2, the outer slope of the adjacent terraced fields of self-assembling formation plants leguminous forage; Finally, gather in herbage in rainy season, herbage is dug trench along tree crown periphery and places into the soil, complete alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping process.

Dash ridge bank after described hand compaction is of a size of 50 × 50cm.

Described terraced fields field is towards tilted 5-10 °.

Alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping method of the present invention, builds hillside fields terraced fields by mechanical work, adopts the form that outer slope kind is careless, terraced fields kind is set to complete alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping process.The terrace width built is in view of between wide bar and fillet terraced fields, and terraced fields field is towards tilted, is both conducive to do mechanization operation, improves engineering efficiency, can reduce again the terraced fields ridge slope avalanche risk that gravitational erosion causes; Meanwhile, every the method for hillside fields, slope kind grass, can effectively improve outer slope intensity, ensure outer slope quality, reduce Topographic factor.In herbage and terraced fields, fruit tree is distant, and prevent herbage and trees to strive water and strive fertile phenomenon, domatic herbage, constantly for fruit tree provides green manure, efficiently solves the demand of orchard to organic manure, reduces fertilizer cost of transportation, grows highly beneficial to arboreal growth.This technology improves orchard environment, achieves the object of pollution-free green ecological environmental protection, is the important directions of green agriculture development, has practical, the simple advantage of method, be particularly suitable for promoting the use of in the green agriculture establishment of economic forest of soil property mountain area.

Embodiment

The target of alternation of slope and terrace woods of the present invention grass intercropping method is: prevent terraced fields water and soil loss and improve terraced fields Construction State, ensures that the terraced fields orchard planting cultivation under pollution-free, sustainable development state reliably carries out.For this reason, the present invention has made corresponding change and perfect for terrace width, terraced fields outer slope angle and planting type three aspects especially, and specific implementation process is as follows:

First, according to hillside fields situation, every horizontal interval 4-5m, releases the wide terraced fields of 4-5m with bulldozer in hillside fields, and flash bank, towards tilted 5-10 °, is built at terraced fields outward flange in terraced fields field, and hand compaction forms dash ridge bank, and dash ridge bank is of a size of 50 × 50cm.

Wherein, terrace width, in view of between wide bar and fillet terraced fields, is conducive to do mechanization operation.Face, terraced fields field is designed to the 5-10 degree that slopes inwardly, and can effectively accumulate domatic water, improves the ability utilizing natural precipitation to water fruit tree.The terraced fields structure that the outer end formed is upturned, improves the stability of terraced fields structure, prevents flood to the destruction of terraced fields; Meanwhile, build flash bank at terraced fields edge, the flash bank after compacting is of a size of 50 × 50cm, has stronger erosion resistance, effectively can prevent formation and the generation of the slope water erosion of the terraced fields ridge, avoid water and soil loss.

Then, in terraced fields, plant the capable economic tree of 1-2, the outer slope of adjacent terraced fields plants leguminous forage.

The economic forest separately planted and herbage effectively can avoid the contention of mutual nutrient, make economic forest process of growth can not be subject to the impact of herbage; Meanwhile, herbage can improve outer slope roughness on the one hand, prevents erosion; Also for economic forest provides reliable organic manure after harvesting, fruit yield and quality can be ensured on the other hand, form benign ecological cycles.

Finally, gather in herbage in rainy season, herbage is dug trench along tree crown periphery and places into the soil, complete alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping process.

So far; As time goes on the change in season; herbage is constantly gathered in and is embedded to fruit tree periphery; form green manure; while preventing outer slope water and soil loss, for fruit tree provides sufficient organic manure, the cooperatively interacting of herbage and fruit-bearing forest, mutually harmonic growth; really achieve mountain region terraced fields green, sustainable development, protect ecotope.

Research shows, the engineering cost of this technology is only the 25-30% of wide bar terraced fields, and engineering efficiency is 15-16 times of fillet terraced fields; The average yield such as pear tree, jujube tree, mountain peach, plum, peach, Armeniaca vulgaris, ansu apricot, apple of plantation is than fillet terraced fields orchard height 20-25%, than loose bar terraced fields orchard height 13-17%.All high than the traditional orchard grade of the color and luster of fruit, outward appearance, mouthfeel.Its method is particularly suitable for promoting the use of in the construction of soil property mountain area green agriculture economic forest.

Claims

1. an alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping method, is characterized in that, first, every horizontal interval 4-5m, release the wide terraced fields of 4-5m with bulldozer in hillside fields, terraced fields outward flange is built flash bank, hand compaction forms dash ridge bank; Then, in terraced fields, plant the capable economic tree of 1-2, the outer slope of the adjacent terraced fields of self-assembling formation plants leguminous forage; Finally, gather in herbage in rainy season, herbage is dug trench along tree crown periphery and places into the soil, complete alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping process.

2. alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the dash ridge bank after described hand compaction is of a size of 50 × 50cm.

3. alternation of slope and terrace woods grass intercropping method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described terraced fields field is towards tilted 5-10 °.