CN106171788A - A kind of high-yield tea-oil cultivation technology method - Google Patents
A kind of high-yield tea-oil cultivation technology method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106171788A CN106171788A CN201610627742.6A CN201610627742A CN106171788A CN 106171788 A CN106171788 A CN 106171788A CN 201610627742 A CN201610627742 A CN 201610627742A CN 106171788 A CN106171788 A CN 106171788A
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- tea
- oil
- oil tea
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of high yield cultivating method of oil tea, select low mountains and hills area, Yuexi County, in the vertical direction of mountain region, mountain area or low mountains and hills, multiple oil tea growing area is marked off along equal pitch contour, each oil tea growing area excavates the horizontal ladder band for planting tea oil tree in massif, the biological hedge of prevention soil and water loss is planted in side slope between adjacent oil tea growing area, biological hedge in the ranks with the tea oil tree green manuring in the ranks of oil tea growing area or plant economic crops, the present invention selection by reproducing area, wholely, afforestation and tending management, prevention soil and water loss, reach to promote oil tea prematurity, many results, improve tea-oil tree yield and quality, reduce the input amount of chemical fertilizer, reduce the purpose that labour force puts into, and can the production practices of at home and abroad oil tea extensively be applied.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high yield cultivating method of a kind of oil tea.
Background technology
Oil tea is south China main woody oil plant seeds, generally plants in mountain region, mountain area and low mountains and hills area.Oil tea
The Oleum Camelliae that fruit squeezes is a kind of fully natural green edible health-care oil, local flavor good, oily good, be of high nutritive value, the most edible can
Reduce the cholesterol in blood, be referred to as " king in oil ".In recent years, country and governments at all levels pay much attention to sending out of camellia oleiferaindustry
Exhibition, using development camellia oleiferaindustry as improving people's edible oil structure and safeguarding the strategic measure of country's oil plant safety, therefore
Development oil tea plantation has broad prospects.
Oil tea wide adaptability, if but shallow at soil layer, fertility is relatively low, extensive management on the soil of severe water and soil erosion,
Though oil tea can growth promoter, but primiparity can be extended to abounding with transition time, cause oil tea senilism low yield and biennial bearing notable.And
Soil layer is deep, well-grown on loose sandy soil fertile, well-drained, solid plentiful, yield and oil yield are the highest.South
The mountain region low mountains and hills soil of plantation oil tea is based on red soil, red earth or yellow-red soil, relatively thin rich in organic topsoil,
The viscous weight of the usual consolidation of soil layer soil, easily hardens, and ventilation water flowing condition is bad, and fertility is poor, and air slaking and eluviation are strong, fertilizer conservation
Ability is weak；Additionally, claying of soil effect generally exists, the soil weight is big, and porosity is little, and crumb structure is poor, easy plate during arid
Knot, severe water and soil erosion of raining.
China oil tea area is constantly expanding in recent years, about more than 5,000 ten thousand mu of the existing oil tea of China, wherein, and middle low oil production
The ratio of tea woods accounts for more than half, and low production forest is huge through improved productive potentialities, and therefore, expanding cultivated area is not to improve
The unique channel of tea-oil tree yield.In the plantation of existing oil tea under severe water and soil erosion, soil layer " thin, plate, ", poor management, soil fertility
Fall, causes that tea-oil tree yield is low, deficiency in economic performance.Soil management and the rational application of fertilizer and catch cropping are that oil tea grows into forest the weight of large area high yield
Want measure.Oil tea fruitful branch is mainly the spring tip, and minority is summer shoot, and July is the cone volume growth peak phase.Therefore, enter in good time
Row chesson, by long-period of management fertilizing soil, improves soil moisture and nutriture, has the biggest to improving fruit quality
Effect.The present invention will loosen the soil, whole combine with green manure catch cropping, make full use of Green manuring and turning over and loosen the soil, it is achieved
The matching of organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer, reaches fertilizing soil, thickens and the purpose of the soil layer that loosens；Plant plant and biology hedge simultaneously, reduce nutrient and damage
Lose, conserve water and soil, increase soil fertility and the preservation capacity of water and fertility energy of soil, make the nutrient in soil can meet Growth of Camellia oleifera and grow
Required.By the application of this technology, the nitrogen that preserves in soil, phosphorus, potassium dramatically increase, than the camellia oleifera lam of low level management increase production up to
More than 50%, and biennial bearing is inconspicuous, has important promotional value in high-yield tea-oil plant development.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to the deficiencies in the prior art provide a kind of by the selection of reproducing area, whole, afforestation,
Prevention soil and water loss, reaches to promote oil tea prematurity, many results, improve tea-oil tree yield and quality, reduces the input amount of chemical fertilizer, subtracts
The high yield cultivating method of the purpose oil tea that few labour force puts into, this method can extensively should in the production practices of at home and abroad oil tea
With.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
The high yield cultivating method of a kind of oil tea, selects mountain region, mountain area or the low mountains and hills area of south oil tea growing area, along contour
Line marks off multiple oil tea growing area in the vertical direction of mountain region, mountain area or low mountains and hills, and each oil tea growing area is in massif
Excavation has the horizontal ladder band for planting tea oil tree, plants the life of prevention soil and water loss between adjacent oil tea growing area in side slope
Thing hedge, biological hedge in the ranks with the tea oil tree green manuring in the ranks of oil tea growing area or plant economic crops.
The selection of described reproducing area, in low mountain, the plains region, hills of height above sea level less than 500 meters, selects sunny, the gradient
Less than 25 °, soil layer dense, fertile, well-drained acid ground plantation oil tea.
Described wholely, cave earnestly, level surrounded by mountains by seeding row spacing fixed point dig cave, cave length 50 × deep 40；Density, general requirement
Every mu of 107-167 strain, i.e. seeding row spacing 2.3 × 2.7 meters (7 × 8 chi) or 2 × 2 meters (6 × 6 chi)；Basal dressing, after digging cave, suitably
Using garbage tankage, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, awn winnow basket, farm manure, every cave adds liming 0.5 jin, compound fertilizer's 0.5-1 jin, or phosphate fertilizer 0.5-1
Jin, 0.3 jin of potash fertilizer, 0.3 jin of nitrogenous fertilizer, then on backfill table, then fills up in steamed bread shape, during for afforestation by cave.
Described afforestation, seedling selects, general selection superior clone grafting；Seedling quality requirement, robust growth, anosis
Insect pest；Biennial height of seedling more than 30 centimetres, more than 0.3 centimetre of footpath, ground, annual height of seedling more than 15 centimetres, 0.15 centimetre of footpath, ground with
On；In the afforestation season, it is advisable during first arrival in February early March ground moistening；Method of forestation, planting by stock, cave one strain, during Seedling is planted,
Unfolding root system, plant and tightly tread, after cultivation, multiple one layer is loosened the soil, and the depth of planting is advisable with high 1-3 centimetre than nursery stock collar.
Use said method, present invention have the advantage that
1, the method for the plantation of tea oil tree is standardized, use equal pitch contour that planting area is divided so that tea oil tree is on mountain
Form the standardization oil tea growing area of terraced fields form on mountain region, district or low mountains and hills area, plant between every layer of oil tea growing area
Biological hedge, conserves water and soil, prevents water and soil nutrient loss, thus ensure the nutrient in soil, improves the yield and quality of oil tea.
2, by tea oil tree in the ranks, biological hedge catch cropping green manure in the ranks, play fertilizing soil, increase organic and nitrogen, phosphorus,
Potassium content, thickens root growth soil layer, thus reaches to improve the purpose of tea-oil tree yield.
3, by planting and turning over green manure scarifying soil, play chesson, improve soil physical properties, improvement soil knot
Structure, improves soil water storage ability and aeration status, improves soil porosity, promotes oil tea on the ground and the growth of under ground portion is sent out
Educate, strengthen the vigor of oil tea root system, increase young leaves, young sprout and flower bud number, improve yield and the quality of Semen Camelliae.
4, increase covering by catch cropping green manure and biological hedge, improve Soil structure, strengthen breathability and the water penetration of soil,
Increase soil moisture content, improve soil moisture content.Owing to soil in ditch adding a large amount of organic material, oil tea can be induced to absorb
Root mass grows in ditch, promotes that Growth of Camellia oleifera is grown.So through annual trench digging cultivate multiple with catch cropping green manure, turn over green manure and tie mutually
Close, both cultivated and answered soil, and added again the soil organism, and can preferably prevent erosion.In the summer of high temperature, can reflect
The directly radiation of the sun reduces the temperature of soil in summer, makes Growth of Camellia oleifera in suitable temperature, also can reduce the evaporation of moisture, anti-
Control the arid that Summer High Temperature brings.In low temperature season, regulation soil moisture, air and temperature, promote soil microorganism
Activity and organic matter decomposition, significantly improve the water and fertilizer condition of soil.
5, combined by green manure and chemical fertilizer, increase root growth soil layer nutrient stock, optimize fertilizer group in oil tea plantation
Close, reach to improve tea-oil tree yield and the purpose of quality.
6, utilize to plough and loosen the soil and catch cropping green manure, turn over green manure and combine, reduce labour force and put into, adapt to modern plant husbandry
Development trend.
7, cut blue or green biological hedge crop and biological hedge green manure in the ranks, by turning over green manure on the spot, the improving straw mulching of harvesting is existed
Between oil tea growing area and adjacent oil tea growing area in side slope, reduce camellia oleifera lam management cost and improve tea-oil tree yield, for oil tea
Growth provides nutrient, improves moisture stock, prevents water, soil, fertile loss, is conducive to improving the overall efficiency that oil tea produces；Optimize
Camellia oleifera lam entirety pattern of farming, extends the time limit in the best fruiting period of camellia oleifera lam, improves plantation economic benefit.
8, improve camellia oleifera lam open country coverage rate, increase camellia oleifera lam view and the ecological value.
In sum, severe water and soil erosion during the present invention will solve Yuexi oil tea plant development, soil layer " shallow, plate, " are led
The problems such as tea fruit yield is relatively low caused, improve tea-oil tree yield and quality, will play Yuexi oil tea plant production development and directly push away
Action is used.
Detailed description of the invention
Explanation specific implementation of the patent mode in detail further below.
1, the selection of reproducing area is in the low mountain of height above sea level less than 500 meters, plains region, hills, selects sunny, the gradient
Less than 25 °, soil layer dense, fertile, well-drained acid ground plantation oil tea.
2, wholely
(1) land preparation mode
Cave is earnestly: level surrounded by mountains digs cave, cave length 50 × deep 40 by seeding row spacing fixed point.
(2) density: typically require every mu of 107-167 strain, i.e. seeding row spacing 2.3 × 2.7 meters.
(3) basal dressing: after digging cave, suitably uses garbage tankage, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, awn winnow basket, farm manure, and every cave adds liming 0.5 jin, compound
Fertile 0.6 jin, or 0.6 jin of phosphate fertilizer, 0.3 jin of potash fertilizer, 0.3 jin of nitrogenous fertilizer, then on backfill table, then cave is filled up in steamed bread shape,
During for afforestation.
3, afforestation
(1) seedling selects: general selection superior clone grafting.Seedling quality requires: robust growth, without pest and disease damage.Two
Year life height of seedling more than 30 centimetres, more than 0.3 centimetre of footpath, ground, annual height of seedling more than 15 centimetres, more than 0.15 centimetre of footpath, ground.
(2) afforestation season: be advisable during ground moistening on the 20th in February.
(3) method of forestation: planting by stock, cave one strain, in being planted by Seedling, unfold root system, plant and tightly tread, multiple one layer of pine after cultivation
Soil, the depth of planting is advisable with high 2 centimetres than nursery stock collar.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope that the invention discloses, according to technical scheme and
Inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the high yield cultivating method of an oil tea, it is characterised in that select low mountains and hills area, Yuexi County, along equal pitch contour in mountain area
Marking off multiple oil tea growing area in the vertical direction of mountain region or low mountains and hills, each oil tea growing area excavates useful in massif
In the horizontal ladder band of plantation tea oil tree, between adjacent oil tea growing area, in side slope, plant the biological hedge of prevention soil and water loss, raw
Thing hedge in the ranks with the tea oil tree green manuring in the ranks of oil tea growing area or plant economic crops.
2. according to the high yield cultivating method of the oil tea described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the selection of described reproducing area,
The low mountain of height above sea level less than 500 meters, plains region, hills, select sunny, the gradient less than 25 °, soil layer are dense, fertile, draining
Good acid ground plantation oil tea.
The high yield cultivating method of oil tea the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described wholely, cave earnestly, water surrounded by mountains
Flat fixed point by seeding row spacing digs cave, cave length 50 × deep 40；Density, typically requires every mu of 107-167 strain, i.e. seeding row spacing 2.3 ×
2.7 meters (7 × 8 chis) or 2 × 2 meters (6 × 6 chi)；Basal dressing, after digging cave, suitably uses garbage tankage, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, awn winnow basket, farmers'
Fertilizer, every cave adds liming 0.5 jin, compound fertilizer's 0.5-1 jin, or phosphate fertilizer 0.5-1 jin, 0.3 jin of potash fertilizer, 0.3 jin of nitrogenous fertilizer, then
On backfill table, then cave is filled up in steamed bread shape, during for afforestation.
The high yield cultivating method of oil tea the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that afforestation, seedling selects, typically selects
Use superior clone grafting；Seedling quality requirement, robust growth, without pest and disease damage；Biennial height of seedling more than 30 centimetres, footpath, ground
More than 0.3 centimetre, annual height of seedling more than 15 centimetres, more than 0.15 centimetre of footpath, ground；Afforestation season, first arrival in February early March soil
It is advisable time moistening；Method of forestation, planting by stock, cave one strain, in being planted by Seedling, unfold root system, plant and tightly tread, multiple one layer of pine after cultivation
Soil, the depth of planting is advisable with high 1-3 centimetre than nursery stock collar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610627742.6A CN106171788A (en) | 2016-08-03 | 2016-08-03 | A kind of high-yield tea-oil cultivation technology method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610627742.6A CN106171788A (en) | 2016-08-03 | 2016-08-03 | A kind of high-yield tea-oil cultivation technology method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106171788A true CN106171788A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610627742.6A Pending CN106171788A (en) | 2016-08-03 | 2016-08-03 | A kind of high-yield tea-oil cultivation technology method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106508590A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-03-22 | 安徽潜山县美林生态农业开发有限公司 | High-yield planting method for camellia oleifera |
| CN107535274A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-05 | 太湖县纯野生态茶油有限责任公司 | High yield oil tea implantation methods |
-
2016
- 2016-08-03 CN CN201610627742.6A patent/CN106171788A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106508590A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-03-22 | 安徽潜山县美林生态农业开发有限公司 | High-yield planting method for camellia oleifera |
| CN107535274A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-05 | 太湖县纯野生态茶油有限责任公司 | High yield oil tea implantation methods |
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Legal Events
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20161207 |