CN102524014B - Water collection and retention method for rain harvesting and infiltration in woodlands on mountain slopes - Google Patents
Water collection and retention method for rain harvesting and infiltration in woodlands on mountain slopes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102524014B CN102524014B CN201210063054.3A CN201210063054A CN102524014B CN 102524014 B CN102524014 B CN 102524014B CN 201210063054 A CN201210063054 A CN 201210063054A CN 102524014 B CN102524014 B CN 102524014B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of forestry engineering, relates to a rain harvesting utilization technology for mountain lands, slopes, hilly orchards and forest land, and discloses a water collection and retention method for rain harvesting and infiltration in woodlands on mountain slopes. The method comprises the following steps of: transversely digging a water collection and retention ditch along a slope between two trees; and filling an organic plant material in the dug water collection and retention ditch, and compacting. By the method, harvested rain is utilized to increase the soil moisture content in artificial afforestation, gardens on the mountain lands and slops are subjected to rain-harvesting water retention preparation, and the method has the characteristics of simple operation, convenience for construction, low manufacturing cost, high durability and high utilization rate of water and fertilizers.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Forestry Engineering technical field, relate to mountain region, hillside fields, hilly orchard, forest land collection rain and utilize technology, be specifically related to the polywater method for preserving soil moisture that forest land, a kind of hillside collection rain infiltrates.
Background technology
China is a country that lack of water is serious.Arid and semi-arid area accounts for 2/3 of the gross area, and drought and water shortage has not only had a strong impact on the agricultural development of China, and affects the development of ecotope and forestry.China is the country on mountain more than, mountain region, hillside fields area be Plain plough more than 2 times, and mountain region, hillside fields rainwater shortage are the important channels of improving forest land production efficiency.Reasonably polywater soil moisture conservation technology in hillside fields is to improve the key link of forest land moisture efficiency, for the country of a water resource anxiety, water saving has been the inevitable choice of national sustainable development, and therefore, Society has become the current long-term target even later of China.It is main rainwater shortage technology that water and soil conservation is just being explored in the Agriculture developing history of several thousand always by China, there are a lot of collection rain achievements in China aspect rainwater utilization in recent ten years, and particularly the technology such as the Northwest's collection rain drinking-water, the irrigation of collection rain has been brought into play important function.
In Forestry Engineering, the collection rain measure in hillside jujube woods also has the conventional art measures such as fish dace hole, horizontal ditch, horizontal rank at present.These technical measures have good collection rain and infiltrate effect, still, have the short and serious problem of evaporation water loss effective time.Therefore, to enter to blend on the spot the function measure that soil moisture conservation possesses be simultaneously pursuing a goal of vast forestry technical personnel to collection rain always.
Summary of the invention
The polywater method for preserving soil moisture that the object of the present invention is to provide forest land, a kind of hillside collection rain to infiltrate, the method can utilize collection rain to increase soil water storage in artificial afforestration, the gardens that mountain region, hillside fields are planted collect the rain moisture whole ground, and there is simple to operate, easy construction, cheap, persistence strong, the efficient feature of liquid manure utilization.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of polywater method for preserving soil moisture infiltrating for forest land, the hillside collection rain of Chinese jujube garden.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical solution to be achieved.
(1) the polywater method for preserving soil moisture that forest land, hillside collection rain infiltrates, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: first, between two strain trees, along polywater soil moisture conservation ditch of domatic horizontal excavation; Then, in the polywater soil moisture conservation ditch having excavated, insert organic plant material, and compacting.
A more step of technique scheme is improved and is, utilizes machine vegetable material to mix topdress according to the arboreal growth phase.
The feature of technique scheme is:
Described organic plant material comprises difficult humus material, and difficult humus material is branch, and its average length is 1-5cm.
Described organic plant material comprises perishable vegetable material, and perishable vegetable material is the straw of leaf and/or pulverizing, and described perishable vegetable material weight content is less than 30%.
Described organic plant material comprises organic manure, and the weight content of organic manure is less than 15%.
The width of described polywater soil moisture conservation ditch is 30-40cm, degree of depth 30-40cm.
(2) the polywater method for preserving soil moisture that forest land, hillside collection rain infiltrates, for Chinese jujube garden, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: first, between two strain trees, along polywater soil moisture conservation ditch of domatic horizontal excavation; Then, in the polywater soil moisture conservation ditch having excavated, insert organic plant material, and compacting; Described organic plant material comprises difficult humus material, perishable vegetable material, organic manure; Described difficult humus material is branch, and its average length is 1-5cm; Described perishable vegetable material is the straw of leaf and/or pulverizing, and its weight content is less than 30%; Described machine weight of fertilizer content is less than 15%.
A more step of technique scheme is improved and is, and utilize machine vegetable material to mix according to the arboreal growth phase and topdress, wherein, and leaf renewal fertilising 1 time, the fertilizer that every strain jujube tree is used is: urea 1.0kg～2.0kg; Superphosphate 2.0kg～4.0kg, potassium sulfate 0.7kg～1.0kg; Apply fertilizer flowering stage 2 times, each every strain is set the fertilizer of using and is: urea 0.1kg～0.2kg, potassium sulfate 0.1kg～0.2kg; Fruiting period fertilising 2 times, urea 0.4kg～0.5kg is used in each every strain.
The feature of technique scheme is, the width of described polywater soil moisture conservation ditch is 30-40cm, degree of depth 30-40cm, and its bank is apart from trunk 30-50cm.
In the present invention, organic plant material mainly plays the evaporation loss that is greatly reduced moisture after good permeable effect and rain infiltration by covering effect; Compacting organic plant material in polywater soil moisture conservation ditch, to prevent that filler from passing and depression in time, forms larger pit.
The present invention is the feature that down produces runoff in conjunction with mountain region rainfall on slope land along slope, to have water penetration strong with organic plant material, suppress significantly effect of evaporation, by polywater preserve soil moisture ditch and the well combination of Material of preserving soil moisture (organic plant material) of infiltrating, the most effectively rainwash segmentation is retained, make rainwater can be good at herein savings good preservation, supply with slowly arboreal growth demand.
The straw of leaf or pulverizing itself is exactly a kind of material that nutrient is provided, can also mix use at this and fertilizer simultaneously, because polywater soil moisture conservation ditch has good moisture, fertilizer can be brought into play effect of water and fertilizer coupling herein, compared with traditional fertilizing method, to apply fertilizer easy to operate, fertilising effect improves 2-3 doubly, can make fertilizer slowly discharge, improve fertilizer efficiency availability 26%; Meanwhile, also conveniently topdress.
The present invention is not only applicable to Chinese jujube garden, is conducive to the high grade producing of jujube tree and adapts to mountain region, the variation of hillside fields jujube tree Orchard Soil fertility; Also be applicable to other mountain regions, gardens, hillside fields simultaneously.The present invention has very important practical significance and practical value to the fruit industry and the forestry that promote high-efficiency water-saving drip irrigation technique, development China commodity trees, particularly areas of serious, mountain area.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the domatic artwork of polywater soil moisture conservation ditch of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional schematic diagram of polywater soil moisture conservation ditch of the present invention;
Wherein, label 1 is polywater soil moisture conservation ditch.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail for the embodiment providing below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and inventor.
In June, 2011-October, in jujube forest land, Northern Shaanxi Meng Cha mountain region, the forest land gradient 32 is spent, between two date trees, along polywater of domatic horizontal excavation soil moisture conservation ditch, polywater soil moisture conservation ditch is that 30cm is wide, 30cm dark, is about the rectangle ditch of 140cm, and bank is apart from jujube tree mobile jib 30cm.
Embodiment 1:
In polywater soil moisture conservation ditch, fill homogenous material branch, branch is crushed to after 1-5cm length, directly filling and compacting.
Experiment effect: observation ditch inner storing water contrasts domatic raising 30%, around ditch, apart from the on average contrast raising 36% of furrow bank 10cm place soil moisture, after rainfall, the direct evaporation loss of soil moisture reduces 56%.
Embodiment 2:
Filled composite materials in polywater soil moisture conservation ditch, comprising: difficult humus material is the branch of length 1-5cm, weight content is 80%; Perishable vegetable material is the beanstalk stalk of leaf and pulverizing, and its weight content is 20%; After above-mentioned material mixes, directly fill and compacting.
Experiment effect: perishable material mixes use with branch, observation ditch inner storing water contrasts domatic raising 35%, and around ditch, apart from the on average contrast raising 40% of furrow bank 10cm place soil moisture, after rainfall, the direct evaporation loss of soil moisture reduces 56%.
Embodiment 3:
Filled composite materials in polywater soil moisture conservation ditch, comprising: difficult humus material is the branch of length 1-5cm, weight content is 70%; Perishable vegetable material is the beanstalk stalk of leaf and pulverizing, and its weight content is 20%; Organic manure weight content is 10%.After above-mentioned material mixes, directly fill and compacting.
Experiment effect: except polywater soil moisture conservation effect similar embodiment 2, the fertilising jujube tree newly slightly long 4cm-6cm of jujube tree that do not apply fertilizer in observation ditch, the thick 0.5-0.8mm of the more domatic jujube tree of vane thickness, flower bud differentiation rate raising 4.5%, fruit yield has increased by 40%.
In conjunction with the embodiments 2 and embodiment 3, it should be noted that, difficult humus material and perishable vegetable material mix while use, perishable vegetable material content is 20% left and right the best, do not exceed 30% at most, too much easily cause that packing material is at moldy metamorphism in rainy season, hinder the performance of liquid manure effect.If mix organic manure with 10% left and right the best, be no more than at most 15%, too much easily cause lack of water in ditch, support imbalance, to tree root, water suction has a negative impact.
Embodiment 4
On the basis of embodiment 2, use and topdress according to the jujube growth phase, wherein: leaf renewal fertilising 1 time, the fertilizer that every strain jujube tree is used is: urea 1.0kg, superphosphate 2.0kg, potassium sulfate 0.7kg; Apply fertilizer flowering stage 1 time, every strain is set the fertilizer of using and is: urea 0.1kg, potassium sulfate 0.1kg; Fruiting period fertilising 1 time, urea 0.4kg is used in every strain.
Experiment effect: except polywater soil moisture conservation effect similar embodiment 2, the interior spraying fertilizer jujube tree of observation ditch more not spraying fertilizer Chinese Jujube is carried out in advance for 2 days, and flowering rate has improved 33%, fruit-setting rate has improved 40%, chlorophyll content has improved 2%, and single fruit weight increases 2g, and out-of-date output has increased by 30%.
Embodiment 5
On the basis of embodiment 2, use and topdress according to the jujube growth phase, wherein: leaf renewal fertilising 1 time, the fertilizer that every strain jujube tree is used is: urea 2.0kg, superphosphate 4.0kg, potassium sulfate 1.0kg; Apply fertilizer flowering stage 1 time, every strain is set the fertilizer of using and is: urea 0.2kg, potassium sulfate 0.2kg; Fruiting period fertilising 1 time, urea 0.5kg is used in every strain.
Experiment effect: except polywater soil moisture conservation effect similar embodiment 2, the interior spraying fertilizer jujube tree of observation ditch more not spraying fertilizer Chinese Jujube is carried out in advance for 2 days, and flowering rate has improved 38%, fruit-setting rate has improved 45%, chlorophyll content has improved 2%, and single fruit weight increases 3g, and out-of-date output has increased by 34%.
Embodiment 6
On the basis of embodiment 2, use and topdress according to the jujube growth phase, wherein: leaf renewal fertilising 1 time, the fertilizer that every strain jujube tree is used is: urea 2.0kg, superphosphate 4.0kg, potassium sulfate 1.0kg; Apply fertilizer 2 times the whole story in flowering stage, each every strain is set the fertilizer of using and is: urea 0.1kg, potassium sulfate 0.1kg; Respectively apply fertilizer 1 time in result Sheng phase and fruit expanding period, urea 0.4kg is used in each every strain.
Experiment effect: except polywater soil moisture conservation effect similar embodiment 2, in observation ditch spraying fertilizer jujube tree more not spraying fertilizer Chinese Jujube shift to an earlier date 2-3 days and carry out, the fruit-setting rate of blooming has improved 68%, chlorophyll content has improved 2%, single fruit weight on average increases 5g, and fruit yield has increased by 45%.
Although below by reference to the accompanying drawings embodiment of the present invention are described, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiments, and above-mentioned specific embodiments is only schematic, guiding, instead of restrictive.Those of ordinary skill in the art, under the enlightenment of this specification, in the case of not departing from the scope that the claims in the present invention protect, can also make a variety of forms, and these all belong to the row of the present invention's protection.
Claims (1)
1. the polywater method for preserving soil moisture that forest land, hillside collection rain infiltrates, for Northern Shaanxi Meng Cha mountain region Chinese jujube garden, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: first, between domatic horizontal two strain trees, excavate a polywater soil moisture conservation ditch, the width of described polywater soil moisture conservation ditch is 30-40cm, degree of depth 30-40cm, and its bank is apart from trunk 30-50cm; Then, in the polywater soil moisture conservation ditch having excavated, insert organic plant material, and compacting; Described organic plant material comprises difficult humus material, perishable vegetable material, organic manure; Described difficult humus material is branch, and its average length is 1-5cm; Described perishable vegetable material is the straw of leaf and/or pulverizing, and its weight content is less than 30%; Described organic manure weight content is less than 15%; Utilize organic plant material to mix according to the arboreal growth phase and topdress, wherein, leaf renewal fertilising 1 time, the fertilizer that every strain jujube tree is used is: urea 1.0kg～2.0kg; Superphosphate 2.0kg～4.0kg, potassium sulfate 0.7kg～1.0kg; Apply fertilizer flowering stage 2 times, each every strain is set the fertilizer of using and is: urea 0.1kg～0.2kg, potassium sulfate 0.1kg～0.2kg; Fruiting period fertilising 2 times, urea 0.4kg～0.5kg is used in each every strain.
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| CN201210063054.3A CN102524014B (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2012-03-12 | Water collection and retention method for rain harvesting and infiltration in woodlands on mountain slopes |
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| CN201210063054.3A CN102524014B (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2012-03-12 | Water collection and retention method for rain harvesting and infiltration in woodlands on mountain slopes |
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| CN102524014B true CN102524014B (en) | 2014-11-19 |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN107148884A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-09-12 | 陈凤花 | Retain water and nutrients integration mountain region artificial forest implantation method |
| CN107173143A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-09-19 | 陈凤花 | Sloping field in mountain area ecology artificial forest implantation methods |
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| CN103988758A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-08-20 | 甘肃省林业科学研究院 | Method for improving afforestation survival rate by water collecting, water retention and water replenishing |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102246628A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2011-11-23 | 山西大学 | Rain collecting and fertilizer applying method for trees |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1820578A (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2006-08-23 | 兰州市南北两山环境绿化工程指挥部 | Method for anti-drought afforestation by collecting water, preserving water and supplementing water |
| CN101498126B (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2011-01-19 | 山东大学 | Method for protecting quasi ecological lake river bank inclined slope |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102246628A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2011-11-23 | 山西大学 | Rain collecting and fertilizer applying method for trees |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107148884A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-09-12 | 陈凤花 | Retain water and nutrients integration mountain region artificial forest implantation method |
| CN107173143A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-09-19 | 陈凤花 | Sloping field in mountain area ecology artificial forest implantation methods |
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