CN204762564U - Ecological orchard construction equipment of south red soil hills area soil and water conservation - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ecological orchard construction equipment of south red soil hills area soil and water conservation, the device group will include the counter -slope tableland, bamboo joint ditch under the bank, the low bank of earth between fields, original vegetation is domatic, earth steps, the fruit tree is applied the measure of lid and moves crosswise the soil shelves when the constitution, it is to one side interior that the counter -slope tableland is the mesa, bamboo joint ditch under the bank has been dug to the mesa inboard, the mesa outer fringe has the capable grass planting protection of going forward side by side of the low bank of earth between fields and artificial earth steps, it is domatic to remain between the tableland original vegetation, can plant each planting fruit -trees on the mesa, the fruit tree root carries out the fruit tree and applies the measure of lid, horizontal soil shelves set up bamboo joint ditch upper strata under the bank. Can be applied to the naturally domatic ecological orchard development usage of southern red soil hills area between 5-25, the utility model has the advantages that: it is mainly given first place to with small -size mechanical or artifical excavation, and domatic disturbance is little, and is with low costs, can play bao shui, protect soil, protect fertilely and multiple efficiency such as foster and apply fertilizer, increase production, increase income, can realize the two -win of economy and ecological benefits.

Description

A kind of steep hilly region in southern China soil and water conservation ecological orchard constructing device

Technical field

The utility model is a kind of constructing device about the exploitation of steep hilly region in southern China domatic Ecological Orchard, especially for current steep hilly region in southern China Dry Orchard exploitation actuality, be applicable to the use of the soil and water conservation ecological orchard exploitation of steep hilly region in southern China 5 ° ~ 25 ° of natural slopes, belong to farm irrigation facility development field.

Background technology

Steep hilly region in southern China is the second largest serious soil and water loss zone that China is only second to loess plateau, and because the many arable lands of people are few, large slope, mountain is steep, rainfall is abundant, and particularly heavy rain is many, and vegetation is once be destroyed, under the impact of high rainfall, be easy to produce serious water and soil loss.Although carried out a series of water and soil conservation Introduction of The Comprehensive Regulating Works in recent years, its status of soil erosion has been improved, along with various production and construction project implementation, the particularly exploitation in large area orchard, mountain and hill slope district, water and soil loss situation allows of no optimist.For Xiamen City, the water and soil loss area that Development in Mountain Region causes accounts for 1/2 of whole city's water and soil loss area, and wherein 99.7% is because slope garden exploitation causes.In order to the water and soil loss that the exploitation of prevention and corntrol slope garden is caused, expressly provide in the Law on Water and Soil Conservation that on March 1st, 2011 newly promulgates and " forbid that steep hillslope opens up wasteland Planting Crops more than 25 degree.More than 25 degree, steep hillslope plants economic forest, science should select seeds, rationally determine scale, take soil and water conservation measures, prevent from causing water and soil loss." but; orchard exploitation is at present main based on big machinery excavation; the amount of breaking ground is large; to build conventional levels terrace land, the often human and material resources of at substantial, especially orchard initial stage of development; because soil and water conservation measures is not in place; often cause very serious water and soil loss, to such an extent as to buries farmland, downstream, causes the harm such as channel aggradation.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the utility model is for the defect of current conventional orchard construction technology, take along contour direction, hillside fields, in the mode that artificial or small-sized machine excavate every slope, construct a kind of soil and water conservation ecological orchard constructing device as far as possible retaining the annular of original vegetation or the contour counter-slope tableland formula of band shape, solve traditional orchard construction technology amount of breaking ground large, at substantial manpower and materials, the defects such as the original vegetation of heavy damage.This constructing device, remains the natural vegetation in original hillside fields as much as possible, takes the form of the low bank of earth between fields and earth steps grass planting simultaneously, promotes the vegetation coverage of orchard initial stage of development further, from rainfall to the domatic soil erosion caused.Meanwhile, by changing original domatic geomorphic feature, the object of the domatic limited discharge resources of effective collection storage utilization can be played.Compare traditional orchard development technology, this technique remains original domatic natural vegetation to the full extent, and the discharge resources in hillside fields has been re-started distribute rationally, can play the effects such as water conservation, soil conservation and fertilizer conservation, be a kind of current steep hilly region in southern China soil and water conservation ecological orchard constructing device be worthy to be popularized simultaneously.

The utility model is achieved like this, a kind of steep hilly region in southern China soil and water conservation ecological orchard constructing device, mainly comprises: ring ditch under counter-slope tableland, bank, the low bank of earth between fields, original vegetation are domatic, earth steps, fruit tree mulching measure and horizontal stroke soil shelves; It is characterized in that: according to the mountain and hill actual landform condition in exploitation orchard, with hillside fields contour for reference, under being equipped with the low bank of earth between fields and bank along the build of contour direction, the counter-slope tableland, counter-slope tableland of ring ditch is oblique in table top, ring ditch under bank has been dug inside table top, table top outer rim has the low bank of earth between fields and artificial earth steps and carries out plant grass and protect, retain original vegetation between tableland domatic, table top can plant each planting fruit-trees, fruit tree root is coated with the fruit tree mulching measure of the litters such as rice straw, and horizontal native shelves are arranged on ring ditch upper strata under bank.

Described Ecological Orchard constructing device can be applied to the Ecological Orchard exploitation of the natural slope between steep hilly region in southern China 5 ° ~ 25 °.

Described according to different hillside fields slope requirement, its counter-slope tableland table top leaning angle scope is 3 ~ 5 °, and mesa width is between 1m-3m.

The described low bank of earth between fields and earth steps plant local suitable raw herbaceous plant.

The native shelves of described horizontal stroke stay every about 3-5m in ring ditch ditch and establish together under bank.

The utility model has the advantages that: by steep hilly region in southern China soil and water conservation ecological orchard constructing device, change original domatic landforms, by the original slope length of brachymemma, build the measures such as counter-slope tableland, change runoff and sediment transport pathway, effectively prevent the water and soil loss that rainfall causes; Remain original vegetation between counter-slope tableland, the microclimate conditions such as the recovery being more conducive to orchard environment and the photo-thermal improving endemic plant growth, meanwhile, can alleviate the slope soil erosion extent of injury; The design of ring ditch under counter-slope tableland and bank, can play the effect of well accumulation slope runoff; The rice straw covering of the herbaceous plant on the low bank of earth between fields, earth steps and fruit tree root, can effectively preventing surface soil from rainfall erosion, field is returned along with its corruption, effectively can also improve the content of organic matter of fruit tree growth soil, increase soil fertility, promote orchard soil productivity further.Compared with traditional orchard construction method, the method and saving of labor, laborsaving, can give full play to the effects such as its water conservation, soil conservation, fertilizer conservation and getting fat again, be a kind of steep hilly region in southern China soil and water conservation ecological orchard constructing device be worthy to be popularized.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is tableland of the present utility model constructing structure schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is tableland of the present utility model construction vertical view.

In the drawings, 1. counter-slope tableland, 2. ring ditch, the 3. low bank of earth between fields under bank, 4. original vegetation is domatic, 5. earth steps, 6. fruit tree mulching measure, 7. horizontal native shelves.

embodiment:

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the utility model this come work and enforcement like this, a kind of steep hilly region in southern China soil and water conservation ecological orchard constructing device, according to domatic landform actual conditions, building one on domatic along contour is class counter-slope tableland 1, original vegetation domatic 4 is retained between two counter-slope tablelands 1, ring ditch 2 under bank is built inside each counter-slope tableland 1, horizontal native shelves 7 are provided with every certain distance in ring ditch 2 under bank, the outer rim in each counter-slope tableland 1 builds the low bank of earth between fields 3, and on the low bank of earth between fields 3 with earth steps 5, plant suitable sward originally, tableland raise fruit trees after seedling, fruit tree mulching measure 6 need be carried out at fruit tree root, main based on litters such as rice straws.

First, with reference to exploitation mountain and hill hillside fields, orchard contour, build counter-slope tableland along contour direction, mesa width controls between 1 ~ 3m; Counter-slope tableland 1 is esotropia table top, and inner bevel controls between 3 ° ~ 5 °.

Dig ring ditch 2 under bank inside counter-slope tableland 1, and according to actual conditions, built horizontal native shelves 7 at a certain distance, be conducive to reasonable distribution slope runoff, the effects such as retaining, soil conservation, fertilizer conservation can have been played simultaneously.

Build the low bank of earth between fields 3 outside counter-slope tableland 1 and on the low bank of earth between fields 3 and earth steps 5, plant suitable sward originally, the object of protecting the ridge, the steady ridge and protecting bank and steady bank can be played, and the vegetation coverage in orchard can be promoted, avoid the erosion that rainfall causes the low bank of earth between fields and artificial earth steps.

Fruit tree root applies with litters such as rice straws, and can prevent the sputter that rainwater causes earth's surface, field is returned in the corrosion of simultaneous litter, can play certain to foster and apply fertilizer, getting fat effect.

In this construction method implementation process, according to actual landform condition, perpendicular to the original domatic length between design counter-slope tableland, contour direction, and original vegetation need be retained, and according to original vegetation growth situation, suitable artificial after-culture can be carried out.

By the enforcement of this construction method, final structure is formed a kind of along contour direction, be separated by certain retain original vegetation domatic in the form of a ring or a series of counter-slope tableland engineerings that can regulate and control slope runoff silt, conserve water and soil being equipped with ring ditch and the grass planting low bank of earth between fields under bank of band shape.

Claims (5)

1. a steep hilly region in southern China soil and water conservation ecological orchard constructing device, its structure mainly comprises: ring ditch under counter-slope tableland, bank, the low bank of earth between fields, original vegetation are domatic, earth steps, fruit tree mulching measure and horizontal stroke soil shelves; It is characterized in that: counter-slope tableland is oblique in table top, ring ditch under bank has been dug inside table top, table top outer rim has the low bank of earth between fields and artificial earth steps and carries out plant grass and protect, retain original vegetation between tableland domatic, table top is planted each planting fruit-trees, fruit tree root carries out fruit tree mulching measure, and horizontal native shelves are arranged on ring ditch upper strata under bank.

2. a kind of steep hilly region in southern China soil and water conservation ecological orchard according to claim 1 constructing device, is characterized in that: this Ecological Orchard constructing device can be applied to the Ecological Orchard exploitation of the natural slope between steep hilly region in southern China 5 ° ~ 25 °.

3. a kind of steep hilly region in southern China soil and water conservation ecological orchard according to claim 1 constructing device, is characterized in that: according to different hillside fields slope requirement, and its counter-slope tableland table top leaning angle scope is 3 ~ 5 °, and mesa width is between 1m-3m.

4. a kind of steep hilly region in southern China soil and water conservation ecological orchard according to claim 1 constructing device, is characterized in that: the described low bank of earth between fields and earth steps plant local suitable raw herbaceous plant.

5. a kind of steep hilly region in southern China soil and water conservation ecological orchard according to claim 1 constructing device, is characterized in that: the native shelves of described horizontal stroke stay every about 3-5m in ring ditch ditch and establish together under bank.