CN103274843B - A kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103274843B CN103274843B CN201310229049.XA CN201310229049A CN103274843B CN 103274843 B CN103274843 B CN 103274843B CN 201310229049 A CN201310229049 A CN 201310229049A CN 103274843 B CN103274843 B CN 103274843B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato and preparation method thereof, wherein a kind of polynary its raw material of microorganism special fertilizer preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus polymyxa 0.4-0.6 part, fertilizer starter 0.2-0.4 part, fertilizer 90-110 part, plant-growth regulator 0.5-0.8 part, tackiness agent 1-3 part, insecticidal synergist 2-4 part, inorganic fertilizer 30-60 part, Chinese drug-treated group are graded.The polynary microorganism special fertilizer of control bacterial soft rot of potato prepared by the present invention can make the soft rot sickness rate of potato greatly reduce, the bacterium in leaf portion and fungal disease are obviously reduced, plant strain growth is more vigorous, the output of potato is greatly enhanced, quality also improves, probiotic bacterium in soil also increases, and the situation of soil improves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polynary microbial fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato and preparation method thereof, belong to technical field of fertilizers.
Background technology
Potato, is commonly called as potato, is food indispensable in people's daily life, has antidotal effect.It contains the vitamin B group such as abundant VITMAIN B1, B2, B6 and pantothenic acid and a large amount of good fiber quality element, and also containing nutritive elements such as trace element, amino acid, protein, fat and high-quality starch, nutritive value is very abundant.
The fertilising of potato is generally be principle based on " fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary, heavy dressing base manure, early spraying fertilizer ".Because containing abundant organism in fertilizer, be conducive to fostering and apply fertilizer, chessom, increase soil fertility, be more conducive to potato tuber and expand and root growth.Need during potato growth liquid manure maximum be flowering period, and now also just temperature raise, rainfall season of increasing, be also the stage of fertilizer slaking gradually, decomposition Releasing nutrient simultaneously.Now, the organic fertilizer in base manure and the transformation benefit of mineral manure constantly expand, and to the demand of nutrient during meeting potato growth, facilitate vine growth and development.The object of Here it is heavy dressing base manure.Mainly to cause harm leaf, stem and stem tuber at season of growth bacterial soft rot of potato.The leaf Lao Ye near the ground that catches an illness first falls ill, and sick portion is irregular dun scab, rots during high humidity.Stem catches an illness and starts from wound more, then spreads to stem, and in rear stem, myeloid tissue is rotted, tool stench, and sick stem top branches and leaves are wilted sagging, and leaf turns yellow.How stem tuber is caused by thickness wound if being caught an illness, just in water soaking mode, the disintegration of Hou Shu block organization, gives out a foul smell, at storage period main harm potato tuber.Therefore bacterial soft rot of potato is prevented and treated very necessary.Conventional method is exactly that spraying pesticide solves, but this disease is once occur, and is just difficult to solve with medicine, so prevention is crucial.
Normally a kind of composite fertilizer of microbial fertilizer, polynary formulated by beneficial activity microorganism species, organic matter, inorganic fertilizer.Wherein conventional living microorganism bacterium has vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria etc.These useful living microorganism bacterium transform the indispensable active substance of soil fertility, and beneficial microorganism is added in fertilizer, reaches the object of prevention Plant diseases while fertilising.Also do not utilize microbial fertilizer to prevent the report of potato soft rot at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to present situation, a kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato and preparation method thereof is provided, effectively can prevent the generation of bacterial soft rot of potato, and improve its yield and quality, can also edaphic condition be improved.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
Prevent and treat a polynary microorganism special fertilizer for bacterial soft rot of potato, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus polymyxa 0.4-0.6 part, fertilizer starter 0.2-0.4 part, fertilizer 90-110 part, plant-growth regulator 0.5-0.8 part, tackiness agent 1-3 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, inorganic fertilizer 30-60 part.
Described fertilizer is that pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, the Oletum Columba livia become thoroughly decomposed mixes with the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2.
Described plant-growth regulator is ethrel pulvis, paclobutrazol pulvis, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins pulvis mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:2.
Described tackiness agent is a kind of or the two mixture mixed with any ratio in sodium alginate or wilkinite.
Described inorganic fertilizer is urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate mix with the weight ratio of 5-7:4-5:1-3:1-3.
The preparation method of the polynary microorganism special fertilizer of above-mentioned control bacterial soft rot of potato, comprises the following steps:
(1) decomposed manure that pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, Oletum Columba livia mix with the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2 is stirred
,adjustment water content is 55%-65%;
(2) join in pure water by fertilizer starter, the weight ratio of fertilizer starter and water is 1-2:50, after stirring, is namely obtain activation solution after placing 6-10 hour at the temperature of 20-30 DEG C in temperature;
(3) activation solution is put into the good fertilizer of pre-treatment, stir, then pile up in heaps, summer, heap highly controlled between 0.5 ~ 0.8 meter, when temperature is raised to more than 50 DEG C (winter temperature is raised to 55 DEG C), a turning is started between winter 0.8 ~ 1.2 meter, need turning be carried out later whenever piling temperature and reaching more than 65 DEG C, within 15 ~ 20 days, state of substantially becoming thoroughly decomposed can be reached.
(4) plant-growth regulator, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, inorganic fertilizer and tackiness agent add water mixing and stirring respectively according to the above ratio; And then the material obtained with step (3) mixes, and stirs;
(5) joined by bacillus polymyxa in above-mentioned material, dry through fluidized-bed, temperature controls below 80 DEG C of degree, and water content control, within the scope of 10-15%, pulverizes and sieves, and fineness reaches 80 orders; Then send into roller pelletizer after crushed with travelling belt, in cylinder, uperize makes heating material to 50-60 DEG C, makes material balling-up by cylinder not stall is dynamic; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, input hot-air seasoning, then cool, sieve, canned one-tenth finished product.
Described bacillus polymyxa is by the bacillus polymyxa DN50 of magnificent microorganism limited liability company production and sales, effective bacterium number >=5,000,000,000/gram.Bacillus polymyxa DN50 by the tool sp act be separated in soil bacillus polymyxa through domestication, cultivate, after fermentation, cryodrying forms, this bacterium can secrete multiple extracellular antiseptic material, multiple pathogenic bacteria can be suppressed active, significantly improve the disease resistance of plant, energy Promoting plant growth, improves the output of plant simultaneously, is a kind of well biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion Promoting bacteria.
Described fertilizer starter is by China micro-fertilizer starter R5002 of magnificent microorganism limited liability company production and sales, effective bacterium number >=5,000,000,000/gram.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) in fertilizer, there is bacillus polymyxa, can disease of agricultural plants be reduced, raising and prolongation fertilizer efficiency, the consumption reducing chemical fertilizer, promotion crop growth, improvement soil, recover the original ecological balance, raising quality of agricultural product.
(2) fertilizer starter is containing the ten multiple beneficial microorganisms such as fungi, yeast, actinomycetes and bacterium, each flora of its microorganism can harmonious coexistence, mutually promote, reach the effect of mutual supplement with each other's advantages.Fertilizer starter not only can the organism such as fermented stalk, ight soil, and contained probiotics Fast-propagation produce macrometabolic element in substrate fermentation process, can also effectively prevent and treat vegetative bacteria and fungoid soil-borne disease, the bacterium in leaf portion and fungal disease can be made obviously to reduce simultaneously; To plant, there is obvious growth promotion, production-increasing function.
(3) contain abundant dissolved organic carbon and organonitrogen in fertilizer product, very superior growing environment can be provided to function yeast, drastically increase function yeast determining in soil and grow and vigor.
(4) of the present inventionly can be used for broadcasting soil treatment before rear seedling, prevent and kill off the sterilization idiocratic of farmland weed and wide spectrum.Compared with prior art, it is good, environmentally safe that distinctive formula synergy formulation of the present invention has herbicidal effect, and weeds such as not easily to develop immunity to drugs at the feature, have a extensive future.To people and animals, relatively safety is to eyes, no skin irritation in bactericidal and herbicidal agent of the present invention, and be low toxicity through day skin test checking its acute toxicity bright, easily decompose in air and soil, non-poisonous material remains; The present invention's seed dressing is little on the impact of farmland natural enemy, contributes to keeping ecotope, more friendly to environment, meets the production requirement of crop.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1
Prevent and treat a polynary microorganism special fertilizer for bacterial soft rot of potato, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus polymyxa 0.4 part, fertilizer starter 0.2 part, fertilizer 90 parts, plant-growth regulator 0.5 part, 1 part, tackiness agent, insecticidal synergist 2 parts, inorganic fertilizer 30 parts, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55 parts, Root of Pubescent Holly 5 parts, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1 part, hops 5 parts, 25 parts, Chinese prickly ash, ginkgo seed coat 25 parts, Fructus Cnidii 26 parts, Cortex Meliae 17 parts, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16 parts, 1 part, Turkey-galls, matrine 5 parts.
Described fertilizer is that pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, the Oletum Columba livia become thoroughly decomposed mixes with the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2.
Described plant-growth regulator is ethrel pulvis, paclobutrazol pulvis, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins pulvis mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:2.
Described tackiness agent is sodium alginate.
Described insecticidal synergist is propylisome, Piperonyl Butoxide, synergy amine DA-6 mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:1.
Described inorganic fertilizer is urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate mix with the weight ratio of 5:4:1:1.
The preparation method of the polynary microorganism special fertilizer of above-mentioned control bacterial soft rot of potato, comprises the following steps:
(1) decomposed manure that pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, Oletum Columba livia mix with the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2 is stirred
,adjustment water content is 55%-65%;
(2) join in pure water by fertilizer starter, the weight ratio of fertilizer starter and water is 1-2:50, after stirring, is namely obtain activation solution after placing 6-10 hour at the temperature of 20-30 DEG C in temperature;
(3) activation solution is put into the good fertilizer of pre-treatment, stir, then pile up in heaps, summer, heap highly controlled between 0.5 ~ 0.8 meter, when temperature is raised to more than 50 DEG C (winter temperature is raised to 55 DEG C), a turning is started between winter 0.8 ~ 1.2 meter, need turning be carried out later whenever piling temperature and reaching more than 65 DEG C, within 15 ~ 20 days, state of substantially becoming thoroughly decomposed can be reached.
(4) plant-growth regulator, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55 parts, Root of Pubescent Holly 5 parts, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1 part, hops 5 parts, 25 parts, Chinese prickly ash, ginkgo seed coat 25 parts, Fructus Cnidii 26 parts, Cortex Meliae 17 parts, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16 parts, 1 part, Turkey-galls, matrine 5 parts, inorganic fertilizer and tackiness agent add water then mixing and stirring respectively in proportion; And then the material obtained with step (3) mixes, and stirs;
(5) joined by bacillus polymyxa in above-mentioned material, dry through fluidized-bed, temperature controls below 80 DEG C of degree, and water content control, within the scope of 10-15%, pulverizes and sieves, and fineness reaches 80 orders; Then send into roller pelletizer after crushed with travelling belt, in cylinder, uperize makes heating material to 50-60 DEG C, makes material balling-up by cylinder not stall is dynamic; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, input hot-air seasoning, then cool, sieve, canned one-tenth finished product.
embodiment 2
Prevent and treat a polynary microorganism special fertilizer for bacterial soft rot of potato, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus polymyxa 0.6 part, fertilizer starter 0.4 part, fertilizer 110 parts, plant-growth regulator 0.8 part, 3 parts, tackiness agent, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 60 parts, Root of Pubescent Holly 15 parts, Stellera chamaejasme L. 15 parts, hops 10 parts, 30 parts, Chinese prickly ash, ginkgo seed coat 30 parts, Fructus Cnidii 30 parts, Cortex Meliae 30 parts, Rangooncreeper Fruit 25 parts, 15 parts, Turkey-galls, matrine 10 parts, inorganic fertilizer 60 parts.
Described fertilizer is that pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, the Oletum Columba livia become thoroughly decomposed mixes with the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2.
Described plant-growth regulator is ethrel pulvis, paclobutrazol pulvis, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins pulvis mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:2.
Described tackiness agent is with the mixture of 1:1 ratio mixing in sodium alginate or wilkinite.
Described inorganic fertilizer is urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate mix with the weight ratio of 7:5:2:3.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
In potato planting base, two process are set, each process three repetition, each community 120m
2, potato is unified plantation, outdoor cropping, unified management; Polynary fertilizer (the contrast 1 of polynary microorganism special fertilizer of the present invention and the production of Qufu City Jin Shili science and technology Fei Ye company limited is used respectively with 45kg/ mu usage quantity, its total nutrient>=45%, N-P-K is 28-6-6), both rates of fertilizer application are identical, in vegetative period, field investigation is carried out to it, the situations such as the growth of investigation potato and soft rot generation, and after results, survey its output, comparative result is in table 1:
Polynary microbial fertilizer prepared by table 1 the present invention and contrast 1 are compared
| Soft rot reduction (%) | Output increases (%) | Soil probiotics increment (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 59 | 21 | 40 |
| Embodiment 2 | 64 | 22 | 42 |
Result shows, the polynary microorganism special fertilizer of control bacterial soft rot of potato prepared by the present invention can make the soft rot sickness rate of potato greatly reduce, the bacterium in leaf portion and fungal disease are obviously reduced, plant strain growth is more vigorous, the output of potato is greatly enhanced, quality also improves, and the probiotic bacterium in soil also increases, and the situation of soil is greatly improved.Test-results shows, after seed dressing of the present invention, seedling rate on average reaches 82.3%,
Of the present invention through field comparison test, all obtain positive effect, main manifestations is as follows: containing abundant organic and humic acid, can improve Soil structure, vegetable soil, promote that soil is built up fertility.With other fertilizer ratio such as nutrient such as grade, crop yield 21%.Formulate and coordinate farm crop and absorb nutrition, stimulate and regulation and control plant growth, reduce or reduce crop pest, affecting crop quality.Or fertilizer amount need not be reduced, be beneficial to protection of the environment
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. prevent and treat the polynary microorganism special fertilizer of bacterial soft rot of potato for one kind, it is characterized in that, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus polymyxa 0.4-0.6 part, fertilizer starter 0.2-0.4 part, fertilizer 90-110 part, plant-growth regulator 0.5-0.8 part, tackiness agent 1-3 part, inorganic fertilizer 30-60 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, described fertilizer is that pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, the Oletum Columba livia become thoroughly decomposed mixes with the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2, described plant-growth regulator is ethrel pulvis, paclobutrazol pulvis, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins pulvis mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:2, described tackiness agent is a kind of or the two mixture mixed with any ratio in sodium alginate or wilkinite, described inorganic fertilizer is urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate mix with the weight ratio of 5-7:4-5:1-3:1-3, the preparation method of the polynary microorganism special fertilizer of described control bacterial soft rot of potato, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) stirred by the decomposed manure that pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, Oletum Columba livia mix with the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2, adjustment water content is 55%-65%;
(2) join in pure water by fertilizer starter, the weight ratio of fertilizer starter and water is 1-2:50, after stirring, is namely obtain activation solution after placing 6-10 hour at the temperature of 20-30 DEG C in temperature;
(3) activation solution is put into the good fertilizer of pre-treatment, stir, then pile up in heaps, summer, heap highly controlled between 0.5 ~ 0.8 meter, between winter 0.8 ~ 1.2 meter, be raised to 50 DEG C until temperature, winter temperature starts a turning when being raised to more than 55 DEG C, need turning be carried out later whenever piling temperature and reaching more than 65 DEG C, within 15 ~ 20 days, state of substantially becoming thoroughly decomposed can be reached;
(4) plant-growth regulator, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, inorganic fertilizer and tackiness agent add water mixing and stirring respectively according to the above ratio; And then the material obtained with step (3) mixes, and stirs;
(5) joined by bacillus polymyxa in above-mentioned material, dry through fluidized-bed, temperature controls below 80 DEG C of degree, and water content control, within the scope of 10-15%, pulverizes and sieves, and fineness reaches 80 orders; Then send into roller pelletizer after crushed with travelling belt, in cylinder, uperize makes heating material to 50-60 DEG C, makes material balling-up by cylinder not stall is dynamic; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, input hot-air seasoning, then cool, sieve, canned one-tenth finished product.
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| CN103539577B (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-07-01 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Multi-component feed taking Chinese herbal medicine extracts as auxiliary materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN104273182A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-01-14 | 陈妍 | Application of multifunctional botanical fungiticide in prevention and treatment of iris soft rot |
| CN105130709A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-09 | 乔俊擎 | Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method of biological organic fertilizer |
| CN106187481A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 云南英纽生物科技有限公司 | A kind of pale reddish brown trident Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) special bio is fertile and its preparation method and application |
| CN106883051A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-23 | 临沂大学 | A kind of insecticidal organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108117462A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-06-05 | 合肥梵腾环保科技有限公司 | A kind of novel environment friendly durable composite fertilizer and preparation method |
| CN108530177A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-14 | 天津天丰泽田生物科技有限公司 | A kind of efficient and environment-friendly type fertilizer |
| CN114591116A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-06-07 | 贵州大学 | Fertilizer for inhibiting potato soil-borne diseases and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101928186A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-12-29 | 万光存 | Composite microbial fertilizer for controlling crop diseases and insect pests, and preparation method thereof |
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