CN103274832B - Special polyelement microorganism fertilizer for preventing cotton verticillium wilt and preparation method of special polyelement microorganism fertilizer - Google Patents

Special polyelement microorganism fertilizer for preventing cotton verticillium wilt and preparation method of special polyelement microorganism fertilizer Download PDF

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CN103274832B
CN103274832B CN201310228960.9A CN201310228960A CN103274832B CN 103274832 B CN103274832 B CN 103274832B CN 201310228960 A CN201310228960 A CN 201310228960A CN 103274832 B CN103274832 B CN 103274832B
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fertilizer
parts
verticillium wilt
straw
polyelement
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CN103274832A (en
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吴志刚
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Suzhou Rencheng Bio-Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Suzhou Rencheng Bio-Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a special polyelement microorganism fertilizer for preventing cotton verticillium wilt and a preparation method of the special polyelement microorganism fertilizer. The special polyelement microorganism fertilizer for preventing the cotton verticillium wilt comprises components of raw materials in parts by weight as follows: 2-6 parts of bacillus polymyxa, 3-5 parts of a fertilizer leavening agent, 800-1000 parts of an organic fertilizer, 400-600 parts of an inorganic fertilizer, 50-100 parts of a trace element, 4-8 parts of a plant growth regulator, 10-30 parts of an adhesion agent, Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients and the like. The special polyelement microorganism fertilizer comprises various fertilizers and trace elements which are required in the production period of cotton and comprises the Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients, so that aphids can be effectively prevented, the cotton verticillium wilt is reduced, the fertilizer efficiency can be improved and prolonged, the using amount of a chemical fertilizer is reduced, growth of crops is promoted, the soil is improved, ecological balance is restored, and qualities of agricultural products are improved.

Description

A kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer of preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polynary microbial fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer of preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt and preparation method thereof, belong to technical field of fertilizers.
Background technology
There is acute wilting symptom in cotton verticillium wilt, cotton plant withers suddenly vertical after Summer Heavy Rainfall, and blade comes off in a large number, the serious plot of falling ill is so tragic that one cannot bear to look at it, cause Severe Reduction, can cause heavy losses to the economy of peasant household, therefore active and effective prevention cotton verticillium wilt tool is of great significance.Be mainly to occur to carry out drug treating after disease to the control of cotton verticillium wilt at present, once in fact morbidity has just caused serious infringement to plant, and treat DeGrain, so prevention is crucial.
At present the environment of having thrown aside etc. not only severe contamination everywhere of the feces of livestock and poultry after crop material on-site incineration, the large-scale cultivation such as paddy rice, wheat, corn, rape, has also greatly wasted the raw material that can serve as fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer product; A large amount of nutrients resources (C, N, P, K, S and trace element) run off outside soil-plant system, have weakened significantly the ability of China's agricultural sustainable development.Therefore make full use of these resources also tool be of great significance.
To sum up, the nutrition vegetation period of utilizing bio-feritlizer prevention and elimination of disease and pests and increase is very necessary, at present a lot of to the research of microbial fertilizer, but does not also utilize microbial fertilizer to prevent the report of cotton verticillium wilt.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer of preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt and preparation method thereof, can effectively prevent the generation of cotton verticillium wilt, and improves its yield and quality, can also improve edaphic condition.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer of preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt, it is characterized in that, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus polymyxa 2-6 part, fertilizer starter 3-5 part, fertilizer 800-1000 part, inorganic fertilizer 400-600 part, trace element 50-100 part, plant-growth regulator 4-8 part, tackiness agent 10-30 part, sterilant 10-30 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 20-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 20-30 part, Cortex Meliae 10-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 15-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part.
Described fertilizer is the mixture of animal excrement and straw; Wherein animal excrement are that pig manure, chicken manure, the cow dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed mixes with the volume ratio of 2:2:1; Straw is to be mixed with arbitrary proportion by the cotton stalk becoming thoroughly decomposed, maize straw, Rape Straw, peanut seedling; Animal excrement and straw mix with described weight ratio.
Described inorganic fertilizer is that urea, primary ammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, boron mud, lime mix with the weight ratio of 9-11:6-8:8-10:2-4:2-4:1-3.
Described trace element comprises sulphur, magnesium, silicon, zinc, iron and molybdenum, and wherein the total amount of sulphur, magnesium, silicon, zinc, iron and molybdenum is counted 0.06kg with fertilizer per ton.
Described plant-growth regulator is that NAA pulvis, IAA pulvis, DPC pulvis mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:2.
Described tackiness agent is a kind of or the two mixture mixing with any ratio in sodium alginate or wilkinite.
The preparation method of the polynary microorganism special fertilizer of above-mentioned control cotton verticillium wilt, comprises the following steps:
(1) after the pig manure becoming thoroughly decomposed, chicken manure, cow dung are mixed with the volume ratio of 2:2:1, cotton stalk, maize straw, Rape Straw, peanut seedling are mixed with arbitrary proportion; Animal excrement and straw mix with the weight ratio of 3-4:2-3, stir, and add appropriate water, and adjustment water content is 55%-65%, obtains fertilizer;
(2) fertilizer starter is joined in pure water, the weight ratio of fertilizer starter and water is 1-2:50, after stirring, is to place after 6-10 hour and obtain activation solution at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ in temperature;
(3) activation solution is put into the fertilizer that pre-treatment is good, stir, then pile up in heaps, high being controlled between 0.5-0.8 rice of heap in summer, between winter 0.8-1.2 rice, be raised to 50 ℃ (winter temperature is raised to 55 ℃) until temperature and start a turning when above, in the time that heap temperature reaches more than 65 ℃, turning need be carried out later, within 15-20 days, the state that substantially becomes thoroughly decomposed can be reached.
(4) plant-growth regulator, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 20-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 20-30 part, Cortex Meliae 10-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 15-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, inorganic fertilizer and tackiness agent are dissolved in water respectively, then mixing and stirring; And then the material making with step (3) mixes, stir;
(5) bacillus polymyxa is joined in above-mentioned material, dry through fluidized-bed, temperature is controlled at 80 ℃ below degree, and water content is controlled within the scope of 10-15%, pulverizes and sieves, and fineness reaches 80 orders; Then send into after crushed roller pelletizer with travelling belt, in cylinder, uperize makes heating material to 50-60 ℃, is moved and is made material balling-up by not stall of cylinder; Then balling-up is sent into drying roller, input hot-air seasoning, more cooling, screening, canned one-tenth finished product.
Described bacillus polymyxa is produced by Lv Hui bio tech ltd, Guangzhou; Described fertilizer starter is the China micro-fertilizer starter R5002 by the production and sales of magnificent microorganism limited liability company, effectively bacterium number >=5,000,000,000/gram.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention contains needed various fertilizer of Cotton Production phase, trace element, and contains sterilant, can effectively prevent the generation of aphid, and plant-growth regulator has certain effect to growth, the Flowering and fruiting tool of controlling cotton.
(2) in fertilizer, there is bacillus polymyxa, can reduce the generation of cotton verticillium wilt, raising and prolongation fertilizer efficiency, the consumption that reduces chemical fertilizer, promotion crop growth, improvement soil, recover the original ecological balance, raising quality of agricultural product.
(3) carbon and the nitrogen in the inorganic fertilizer in fertilizer product, can provide very superior growing environment to function yeast, has greatly improved function yeast determining in soil and has grown and vigor.
(4) of the present inventionly can be used for broadcasting soil treatment before rear seedling, prevent and kill off the sterilization idiocratic of farmland weed and wide spectrum.Compared with prior art, it is good, environmentally safe that distinctive formula synergy formulation of the present invention has herbicidal effect, and the weeds feature such as be difficult for developing immunity to drugs, has a extensive future.Bactericidal and herbicidal agent of the present invention relatively safely to eyes, skin nonirritant, is low toxicity through its acute toxicity of day skin evidence to people and animals, in atmosphere and soil, easily decomposes, and non-poisonous material is residual; The present invention's seed dressing is little on the impact of farmland natural enemy, contributes to keep ecotope, more friendly to environment, meets the production requirement of crop.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, protection scope of the present invention is made to more explicit defining.
embodiment 1
A kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer of preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt, it is characterized in that, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: 2 parts of bacillus polymyxa, 3 parts of fertilizer starters, 800 parts of fertilizers, 400 parts of inorganic fertilizers, 50 parts of trace elements, 4 parts of plant-growth regulator, 10 parts, tackiness agent, 20 parts, Chinese prickly ash, 20 parts of ginkgo seed coats, 20 parts of Fructus Cnidiis, 10 parts of Cortex Meliaees, 15 parts of Rangooncreeper Fruit, 1 part, Turkey-galls, 5 parts of Root of Pubescent Holly, 5 parts of matrines, 55 parts of Seed of Chinese Soapberry exospers.
Described fertilizer is the mixture of animal excrement and straw; Wherein animal excrement are that pig manure, chicken manure, the cow dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed mixes with the volume ratio of 2:2:1; Straw is to be mixed with arbitrary proportion by the cotton stalk becoming thoroughly decomposed, maize straw, Rape Straw, peanut seedling; Animal excrement and straw mix with the weight ratio of 3:2.
Described inorganic fertilizer is that urea, primary ammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, boron mud, lime mix with the weight ratio of 9:6:8:2:2:1.
Described trace element comprises sulphur, magnesium, silicon, zinc, iron and molybdenum, and wherein the total amount of sulphur, magnesium, silicon, zinc, iron and molybdenum is counted 0.06kg with fertilizer per ton.
Described plant-growth regulator is that NAA pulvis, IAA pulvis, DPC pulvis mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:2.
Described tackiness agent is sodium alginate.
The preparation method of the polynary microorganism special fertilizer of above-mentioned control cotton verticillium wilt, comprises the following steps:
(1) after the pig manure becoming thoroughly decomposed, chicken manure, cow dung are mixed with the volume ratio of 2:2:1, cotton stalk, maize straw, Rape Straw, peanut seedling are mixed with arbitrary proportion; Animal excrement and straw mix with described weight ratio, stir, and add appropriate water, and adjusting water content is 55%, obtains fertilizer;
(2) fertilizer starter is joined in pure water, the weight ratio of fertilizer starter and water is 1:50, after stirring, is to place after 10 hours and obtain activation solution at the temperature of 20 ℃ in temperature;
(3) activation solution is put into the fertilizer that pre-treatment is good, stir, then pile up in heaps, high being controlled between 0.5-0.8 rice of heap in summer, between winter 0.8-1.2 rice, be raised to 50 ℃ (winter temperature is raised to 55 ℃) until temperature and start a turning when above, in the time that heap temperature reaches more than 65 ℃, turning need be carried out later, within 18 days, the state that substantially becomes thoroughly decomposed can be reached.
(4) plant-growth regulator, Chinese prickly ash, ginkgo seed coat, Fructus Cnidii, Cortex Meliae, Rangooncreeper Fruit, Turkey-galls, Root of Pubescent Holly, matrine, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper, inorganic fertilizer and the tackiness agent then mixing and stirring that proportionally adds water respectively; And then the material making with step (3) mixes, stir;
(5) bacillus polymyxa is joined in above-mentioned material, dry through fluidized-bed, temperature is controlled at 80 ℃ below degree, and water content is controlled within the scope of 10-15%, pulverizes and sieves, and fineness reaches 80 orders; Then send into after crushed roller pelletizer with travelling belt, in cylinder, uperize makes heating material to 60 ℃, is moved and is made material balling-up by not stall of cylinder; Then balling-up is sent into drying roller, input hot-air seasoning, more cooling, screening, canned one-tenth finished product.
embodiment 2
A kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer of preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt, it is characterized in that, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: 4 parts of bacillus polymyxa, 4 parts of fertilizer starters, 900 parts of fertilizers, 500 parts of inorganic fertilizers, 70 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant-growth regulator, 20 parts, tackiness agent, 30 parts, Chinese prickly ash, 30 parts of ginkgo seed coats, 30 parts of Fructus Cnidiis, 30 parts of Cortex Meliaees, 25 parts of Rangooncreeper Fruit, 15 parts, Turkey-galls, 15 parts of Root of Pubescent Holly, 10 parts of matrines, 60 parts of Seed of Chinese Soapberry exospers.
Described fertilizer is the mixture of animal excrement and straw; Wherein animal excrement are that pig manure, chicken manure, the cow dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed mixes with the volume ratio of 2:2:1; Straw is to be mixed with arbitrary proportion by the cotton stalk becoming thoroughly decomposed, maize straw, Rape Straw, peanut seedling; Animal excrement and straw mix with the weight ratio of 4:3.
Described inorganic fertilizer is that urea, primary ammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, boron mud, lime mix with the weight ratio of 10:7:9:3:3:2.
Described trace element comprises sulphur, magnesium, silicon, zinc, iron and molybdenum, and wherein the total amount of sulphur, magnesium, silicon, zinc, iron and molybdenum is counted 0.06kg with fertilizer per ton.
Described plant-growth regulator is that NAA pulvis, IAA pulvis, DPC pulvis mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:2.
Described tackiness agent is the mixture that sodium alginate and wilkinite mix take weight ratio as 1:1.
The preparation method of the polynary microorganism special fertilizer of above-mentioned control cotton verticillium wilt, comprises the following steps:
(1) after the pig manure becoming thoroughly decomposed, chicken manure, cow dung are mixed with the volume ratio of 2:2:1, cotton stalk, maize straw, Rape Straw, peanut seedling are mixed with arbitrary proportion; Animal excrement and straw with shown in weight ratio mix, stir, add appropriate water, adjust water content be 60%, obtain fertilizer;
(2) fertilizer starter is joined in pure water, the weight ratio of fertilizer starter and water is 1:30, after stirring, is to place after 8 hours and obtain activation solution at the temperature of 25 ℃ in temperature;
(3) activation solution is put into the fertilizer that pre-treatment is good, stir, then pile up in heaps, high being controlled between 0.5-0.8 rice of heap in summer, between winter 0.8-1.2 rice, be raised to 50 ℃ (winter temperature is raised to 55 ℃) until temperature and start a turning when above, in the time that heap temperature reaches more than 65 ℃, turning need be carried out later, within 16 days, the state that substantially becomes thoroughly decomposed can be reached.
(4) plant-growth regulator, 30 parts, Chinese prickly ash, 30 parts of ginkgo seed coats, 30 parts of Fructus Cnidiis, 30 parts of Cortex Meliaees, 25 parts of Rangooncreeper Fruit, 15 parts, Turkey-galls, 15 parts of Root of Pubescent Holly, 10 parts of matrines, 60 parts of Seed of Chinese Soapberry exospers, inorganic fertilizer and the tackiness agent mixing and stirring that adds water in proportion respectively; And then the material making with step (3) mixes, stir;
(5) bacillus polymyxa is joined in above-mentioned material, dry through fluidized-bed, temperature is controlled at 80 ℃ below degree, and water content is controlled within the scope of 10-15%, pulverizes and sieves, and fineness reaches 80 orders; Then send into after crushed roller pelletizer with travelling belt, in cylinder, uperize makes heating material to 55 ℃, is moved and is made material balling-up by not stall of cylinder; Then balling-up is sent into drying roller, input hot-air seasoning, more cooling, screening, canned one-tenth finished product.
In Jining of Shandong Province cotton planting base, three processing are set, three repetitions of each processing, each community 200m 2, cotton is unified plantation, outdoor cropping, unified management; Use respectively the common fertilizer of " field ma " board (contrast 1 of polynary microorganism special fertilizer of the present invention and Jiansu Tianniang Agriculture Technology Co., Ltd.'s production with 60kg/ mu usage quantity, N-P-K is 5-1-1), both rates of fertilizer application are identical, in vegetative period, it is carried out to field investigation, investigate the situation such as growth and verticillium generation of cotton, and after results, survey its output, comparative result is in table 1:
Polynary microbial fertilizer prepared by table 1 the present invention and contrast 1 are relatively
Figure 2013102289609100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Verticillium reduction (%) Output increment (%) Soil probiotics increment (%)
Embodiment 1 70 23 35
Embodiment 2 75 26 41
Result shows, the polynary microorganism special fertilizer of control cotton verticillium wilt prepared by the present invention can make the verticillium sickness rate of cotton greatly reduce, bacterium and the fungal disease of leaf portion are obviously reduced, plant strain growth is more vigorous, the output of cotton is greatly enhanced, quality also improves, and the probiotic bacterium in soil also increases, and the situation of soil is greatly improved.
Of the present invention through field comparison test, all obtain positive effect, main manifestations is as follows: contain and enrich organic matter and humic acid, can improve Soil structure, vegetable soil, promotes soil to build up fertility.With other fertilizer ratio such as nutrient such as grade, crop yield.Formulate and coordinate farm crop absorption nutrition, stimulating and regulation and control plant growth, reduce or reduce crop pest, affecting crop quality.Need not or reduce fertilizer amount, be beneficial to protection of the environment.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. prevent and treat the polynary microorganism special fertilizer of cotton verticillium wilt for one kind, it is characterized in that, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus polymyxa 2-6 part, fertilizer starter 3-5 part, fertilizer 800-1000 part, inorganic fertilizer 400-600 part, micro-50-100 part, plant-growth regulator 4-8 part, tackiness agent 10-30 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 20-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 20-30 part, Cortex Meliae 10-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 15-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part; Described fertilizer is the mixture of animal excrement and straw; Wherein animal excrement are that pig manure, chicken manure, the cow dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed mixes with the volume ratio of 2:2:1; Straw is to be mixed with arbitrary proportion by the cotton stalk becoming thoroughly decomposed, maize straw, Rape Straw, peanut seedling; Animal excrement and straw mix with the weight ratio of 3-4:2-3; Described inorganic fertilizer is that urea, primary ammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, boron mud, lime mix with the weight ratio of 9-11:6-8:8-10:2-4:2-4:1-3.
2. a kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer of preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described trace element comprises sulphur, magnesium, silicon, zinc, iron and molybdenum, and wherein the total amount of sulphur, magnesium, silicon, zinc, iron and molybdenum is counted 0.06kg with fertilizer per ton.
3. a kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer of preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described plant-growth regulator is that NAA pulvis, IAA pulvis, DPC pulvis mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:2.
4. a kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer of preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described tackiness agent is a kind of or the two mixture mixing with any ratio in sodium alginate or wilkinite.
5. according to the preparation method of a kind of polynary microorganism special fertilizer of preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt described in claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) after the pig manure becoming thoroughly decomposed, chicken manure, cow dung are mixed with the volume ratio of 2:2:1, cotton stalk, maize straw, Rape Straw, peanut seedling are mixed with arbitrary proportion; Animal excrement and straw mix with described weight ratio, stir, and add appropriate water, and adjustment water content is 55%-65%, obtains fertilizer;
(2) fertilizer starter is joined in pure water, the weight ratio of fertilizer starter and water is 1-2:50, after stirring, is to place after 6-10 hour and obtain activation solution at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ in temperature;
(3) activation solution is put into the fertilizer that pre-treatment is good, stir, then pile up in heaps, high being controlled between 0.5-0.8 rice of heap in summer, between winter 0.8-1.2 rice, be raised to 50 ℃, winter temperature until temperature and while being raised to more than 55 ℃, start a turning, in the time that heap temperature reaches more than 65 ℃, turning need be carried out later, within 15-20 days, the state that substantially becomes thoroughly decomposed can be reached;
(4) plant-growth regulator, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 20-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 20-30 part, Cortex Meliae 10-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 15-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, inorganic fertilizer and tackiness agent are dissolved in water respectively according to the above ratio, then mixing and stirring; And then the material making with step (3) mixes, stir;
(5) bacillus polymyxa is joined in above-mentioned material, dry through fluidized-bed, temperature is controlled at 80 ℃ below degree, and water content is controlled within the scope of 10-15%, pulverizes and sieves, and fineness reaches 80 orders; Then send into after crushed roller pelletizer with travelling belt, in cylinder, uperize makes heating material to 50-60 ℃, is moved and is made material balling-up by not stall of cylinder; Then balling-up is sent into drying roller, input hot-air seasoning, more cooling, screening, canned one-tenth finished product.
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CN103613442A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-03-05 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 Polyelement botanical bio-fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103613445A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-03-05 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 Granular bio-fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103613444A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-03-05 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 Agricultural microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN106070334A (en) * 2016-06-10 2016-11-09 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 The preparation method of Galla Chinensis source pesticide and the application in preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt thereof
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