CN105330423A - Microorganism organic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Microorganism organic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses microorganism organic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fertilizer. The microorganism organic compound fertilizer is prepared from a fermenting agent, a compound microorganism fertilizer agent, a compound microorganism pesticide agent, biochar, straw, rice husks, silkworm excrement, expanding chicken droppings, plant ash and vinasse. The microorganism fertilizer technology and the microorganism pesticide technology are adopted, the reasonable flora compound technology method and effective technological paths are adopted, the microorganism organic compound fertilizer with the high fertilizer effect and the anti-disease and insecticide functions is prepared, and the good application effect on rice, garden and orchard planting is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, be specifically related to a kind of microbial organic complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, the population in the Liao Zhan world 22% is brought up with the arable land accounting for the world 7% by China, and wherein the use of chemical fertilizer is performed meritorious deeds never to be obliterated.China is that big country cultivated by chemical fertilizer, is also to use big country.But due to long-term to the excessive of chemical fertilizer with unreasonablely to use, also bring the problem that can not be ignored: (1) chemical fertilizer destroys soil aggregate, change with causing soil compaction, soil alkaline, soil fertility decline, Soil degradation even desertification aggravate gradually; (2) under existence conditions, chemical fertilizer utilization ratio only has about 40%, and the chemical fertilizer of 60% has imported underground water with rain or flowed into lake, causes water eutrophication and waters functional deterioration." chemical farming " has almost gone to the end, and traditional agriculture transforms more and more faster to the ecological agriculture, the appearance of the ecological agriculture has expedited the emergence of the development & application of microbial fertilizer.Microbial fertilizer is nontoxic, free from environmental pollution, vital metabolic by microorganism is movable, increase the content of nitrogen in soil or available phosphorus, potassium, or adjustable crop hormone substance level, or the activity of Suppressing phytopathogens, thus increase soil fertility, improve crop alimentary condition and growing environment, improve crop yield.The usage quantity of chemical fertilizer can be reduced by the use of microbial fertilizer, thus effectively alleviate the deterioration of ecological environment of soil.
Application number be 200910201275.0 Chinese patent disclose a kind of biological organic fertilizer with high nitrogen content and preparation method thereof, adopt milk-acid bacteria, yeast and mould three kinds of microorganism compounds as fermented bacterium agent in this kind of method for preparing fertilizer; What organic materials adopted is one or more in powdered rice hulls, straw powder, peanut hull meal.Due to this three quasi-microorganisms huge number, and this patent the biology title of undeclared concrete bacterial classification and ratio shared in inoculum agent, if it is improper to select, antagonism may occur between each bacterial classification causes bacterial classification to coexist and the effect playing himself, the preparation of inoculum agent is comparatively complicated, synergetic property between bacterial classification is comparatively difficult to ensure card, is difficult to the effect reaching stable fixed nitrogen; The organic materials adopted is the organism of more difficult decomposition, and cause microorganism to be difficult to absorb, therefore effect is not ideal enough.Application number be 201010241113.1 Chinese patent disclose a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer and preparation method thereof, this fertilizer is mixed to get by raw materials such as yeast fermentation granulated slag, fertilizer, urea, potassium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, clay and complex micro organism fungicides, adds chemical fertilizer be physics blending method with this preparation method.The microbiobacterial agent adopted in this patent is the inoculation fermentation cultivation respectively of the various different bacterial classification such as bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium, bacillus cereus, bacillus thuringiensis, blown-ball Azotobacter, pichia farinose bacterium, streptomyces microflavus, then mixes by a certain percentage with physical method.Its preparation process more complicated, and the viable count that strictly will control each bacterial classification, likely produce antagonistic action between even each bacterial classification.Be difficult to the quantity and the activity that ensure each bacterial classification in this way.Patent CN1490280A discloses a kind of microorganism multi-antibacterial manure and its preparation method and application.This bacterial manure contains the mould four kinds of bacterial strains of bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, Bacillus licheniformis, Streptomyces jingyangensis and wood, although have fertile medicine dual function, in drug effect, effect is more weak, does not more possess the function of killing crop pests, is further improved.
Therefore, when the soil continuous cropping obstacle (continuous cropping disease) that current long-term excessive use chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals cause extremely general and serious, invent " triple effect unification " function of a kind of existing fertilizer efficiency, diseases prevention and desinsection, the efficacy microbial fertilizer of the wide spectrum effect that has immediate effect again is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem solved
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of microbial organic complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof, be intended to using microbe fertilizer technology and microbial pesticide technology, adopt rational flora compounded technology method and effective operational path, prepare the bioorganic compound fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency, diseases prevention and insecticidal function.
(2) technical scheme
For realizing above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of microbial organic complex fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: fermenting agent 15-25 part, composite microbial fertilizer bactericide 10-20 part, complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum 7-14 part, biological carbon 6-12 part, stalk 25-35 part, rice husk 20-40 part, silkworm excrement 20-30 part, expanded chicken manure 10-25 part, plant ash 11-23 part, vinasse 5-13 part.
Preferably, described microbial organic complex fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight part: fermenting agent 20 parts, composite microbial fertilizer bactericide 15 parts, complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum 10 parts, biological carbon 9 parts, stalk 30 parts, 30 parts, rice husk, silkworm excrement 25 parts, expanded chicken manure 18 parts, plant ash 18 parts, vinasse 9 parts.
Preferably, described fermenting agent is subtilis, and its living bacteria count is more than or equal to 3,000,000,000/ml.
Preferably, described composite microbial fertilizer bactericide by bacillus megaterium and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering formulated, the per-cent that these two kinds of microbial inoculums account for composite microbial fertilizer bactericide gross weight is: bacillus megaterium 60%, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering 40%.
Preferably, described complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum is configured in any proportion by bacillus thuringiensis and subtilis two kinds of microbial inoculums and forms.
Preferably, described biological carbon is one or more in saccharan, grease or Flavor Concentrate.
A preparation method for microbial organic complex fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: select the measured starting material of matter, take raw material according to weight part, for subsequent use;
(2) preparation of composite microbial fertilizer bactericide: bacillus megaterium pulvis and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering pulvis are pressed 60:40 gross weight proportioning, mix, stir after make composite microbial fertilizer bactericide, stand-by;
(3) preparation of complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum: after respectively bacillus thuringiensis, subtilis being carried out slant culture and shake-flask culture, cultured bacillus thuringiensis bacterium liquid and subtilis bacterium liquid are proceeded in fermentor tank in 1:1 ~ 1:1.5 ratio and carries out mixing fermentation culture, the tank of fermentor tank holds 4t, charging capacity 60%, culture temperature 30 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, operation tank pressure 0.3at, ventilating ratio 1 ﹕ 1.3, agitation revolution 230r/min, fermentation period 24 ~ 26 hours; The solid-state oxygenation agent of percarbonic acid sodium form is added after fermentation starts latter 4 hours, added once every 2 hours later, each addition 200g, stop adding after 20 hours to fermentation, the bacillus thuringiensis of preparation and subtilis mixed fermentation liquid are adsorbed in the ratio of the Fa Jiao Ye ︰ peat composed of rotten mosses=1 ﹕ 6, make the complex microorganism pesticide powder of powdery, for subsequent use;
(4) fermentation of organic substance: biological carbon, stalk, rice husk, silkworm excrement, expanded chicken manure, plant ash and vinasse are crushed to below 80 orders respectively, add in fermenting container and stir, add fermenting agent subtilis subsequently, fermentation 10-20 days, after having a large amount of gas to produce, after detection ammonium nitrogen weight percent concentration is less than 2%, adds potassium primary phosphate wherein, after mixing, make SOLID ORGANIC fertilizer;
(5) granulation: the component that step (2), (3), (4) obtain is pulverized with pulverizer respectively; garden dish tablets press is delivered to again after mixing; be processed into spherical particle; eventually passing temperature out is after the convection type hot blast roller dryer drying of 50 ~ 70 DEG C; sieve, make the granular microbial organic complex fertilizer that diameter is 2 ~ 5mm.
(3) beneficial effect
The invention provides a kind of microbial organic complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof, compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention does not add any chemical pesticide, but the allelochemical added after the two-way fermentation of microorganism and microorganism and organic substance and the collaborative plant nutrient that utilizes produce allelochemical to transfer in plant materials, thus make mentioned microorganism organic composite fertilizer can integrate fertilizer effect, the controlling disease effect of microorganism and kill insect pest effect, reach the Field information effect of a spray triple effect and quick-acting wide spectrum.
2, the present invention adopts bacillus megaterium and formulated composite microbial fertilizer bactericide not only has phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing can not will be absorbed by plants in soil invalid phosphorus, the potassium of bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, decomposition and inversion is the available phosphorus and potassium that can be absorbed by plants, for plant provides abundant nutrition, a large amount of Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins and chtokinin metabolic substd can be produced in the vital movements such as its fermentation, decomposition simultaneously, after these metabolic substds contact with the root system of plant, the growth of crop can be stimulated, the metabolism of adjustment and promotion crop, produces effect of increasing production.
3, bacillus thuringiensis and subtilis are carried out mixing fermentation culture by the present invention, and this complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum has desinsection strongly, kills the double effects of germ.
4, the biological carbon that the present invention adds effectively can improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, adds the nutrient uptake amount of plant, chlorophyll concentration, output and salt resistance.
Embodiment
For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment microbial organic complex fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: subtilis 15 parts, composite microbial fertilizer bactericide 10 parts, complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum 7 parts, saccharan 6 parts, stalk 25 parts, 20 parts, rice husk, silkworm excrement 20 parts, expanded chicken manure 10 parts, plant ash 11 parts, vinasse 5 parts.
Preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: select the measured starting material of matter, take raw material according to weight part, for subsequent use;
(2) preparation of composite microbial fertilizer bactericide: bacillus megaterium pulvis and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering pulvis are pressed 60:40 gross weight proportioning, mix, stir after make composite microbial fertilizer bactericide, stand-by;
(3) preparation of complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum: after respectively bacillus thuringiensis, subtilis being carried out slant culture and shake-flask culture, cultured bacillus thuringiensis bacterium liquid and subtilis bacterium liquid are proceeded in fermentor tank in 1:1 ratio and carries out mixing fermentation culture, the tank of fermentor tank holds 4t, charging capacity 60%, culture temperature 30 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, operation tank pressure 0.3at, ventilating ratio 1 ﹕ 1.3, agitation revolution 230r/min, fermentation period 24 ~ 26 hours; The solid-state oxygenation agent of percarbonic acid sodium form is added after fermentation starts latter 4 hours, added once every 2 hours later, each addition 200g, stop adding after 20 hours to fermentation, the bacillus thuringiensis of preparation and subtilis mixed fermentation liquid are adsorbed in the ratio of the Fa Jiao Ye ︰ peat composed of rotten mosses=1 ﹕ 6, make the complex microorganism pesticide powder of powdery, for subsequent use;
(4) fermentation of organic substance: biological carbon, stalk, rice husk, silkworm excrement, expanded chicken manure, plant ash and vinasse are crushed to below 80 orders respectively, add in fermenting container and stir, add fermenting agent subtilis subsequently, fermentation 10-20 days, after having a large amount of gas to produce, after detection ammonium nitrogen weight percent concentration is less than 2%, adds potassium primary phosphate wherein, after mixing, make SOLID ORGANIC fertilizer;
(5) granulation: the component that step (2), (3), (4) obtain is pulverized with pulverizer respectively; garden dish tablets press is delivered to again after mixing; be processed into spherical particle; eventually passing temperature out is after the convection type hot blast roller dryer drying of 50 ~ 70 DEG C; sieve, make the granular microbial organic complex fertilizer that diameter is 2 ~ 5mm.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment microbial organic complex fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: subtilis 20 parts, composite microbial fertilizer bactericide 15 parts, complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum 10 parts, grease 9 parts, stalk 30 parts, 30 parts, rice husk, silkworm excrement 25 parts, expanded chicken manure 18 parts, plant ash 18 parts, vinasse 9 parts.
Preparation method, comprises the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: select the measured starting material of matter, take raw material according to weight part, for subsequent use;
(2) preparation of composite microbial fertilizer bactericide: bacillus megaterium pulvis and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering pulvis are pressed 60:40 gross weight proportioning, mix, stir after make composite microbial fertilizer bactericide, stand-by;
(3) preparation of complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum: after respectively bacillus thuringiensis, subtilis being carried out slant culture and shake-flask culture, cultured bacillus thuringiensis bacterium liquid and subtilis bacterium liquid are proceeded in fermentor tank in 1:1.2 ratio and carries out mixing fermentation culture, the tank of fermentor tank holds 4t, charging capacity 60%, culture temperature 30 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, operation tank pressure 0.3at, ventilating ratio 1 ﹕ 1.3, agitation revolution 230r/min, fermentation period 24 ~ 26 hours; The solid-state oxygenation agent of percarbonic acid sodium form is added after fermentation starts latter 4 hours, added once every 2 hours later, each addition 200g, stop adding after 20 hours to fermentation, the bacillus thuringiensis of preparation and subtilis mixed fermentation liquid are adsorbed in the ratio of the Fa Jiao Ye ︰ peat composed of rotten mosses=1 ﹕ 6, make the complex microorganism pesticide powder of powdery, for subsequent use;
(4) fermentation of organic substance: biological carbon, stalk, rice husk, silkworm excrement, expanded chicken manure, plant ash and vinasse are crushed to below 80 orders respectively, add in fermenting container and stir, add fermenting agent subtilis subsequently, fermentation 10-20 days, after having a large amount of gas to produce, after detection ammonium nitrogen weight percent concentration is less than 2%, adds potassium primary phosphate wherein, after mixing, make SOLID ORGANIC fertilizer;
(5) granulation: the component that step (2), (3), (4) obtain is pulverized with pulverizer respectively; garden dish tablets press is delivered to again after mixing; be processed into spherical particle; eventually passing temperature out is after the convection type hot blast roller dryer drying of 50 ~ 70 DEG C; sieve, make the granular microbial organic complex fertilizer that diameter is 2 ~ 5mm.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment microbial organic complex fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: subtilis 25 parts, composite microbial fertilizer bactericide 20 parts, complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum 14 parts, Flavor Concentrate 12 parts, stalk 35 parts, 40 parts, rice husk, silkworm excrement 30 parts, expanded chicken manure 25 parts, plant ash 23 parts, vinasse 13 parts.
Preparation method, comprises the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: select the measured starting material of matter, take raw material according to weight part, for subsequent use;
(2) preparation of composite microbial fertilizer bactericide: bacillus megaterium pulvis and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering pulvis are pressed 60:40 gross weight proportioning, mix, stir after make composite microbial fertilizer bactericide, stand-by;
(3) preparation of complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum: after respectively bacillus thuringiensis, subtilis being carried out slant culture and shake-flask culture, cultured bacillus thuringiensis bacterium liquid and subtilis bacterium liquid are proceeded in fermentor tank in 1:1.5 ratio and carries out mixing fermentation culture, the tank of fermentor tank holds 4t, charging capacity 60%, culture temperature 30 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, operation tank pressure 0.3at, ventilating ratio 1 ﹕ 1.3, agitation revolution 230r/min, fermentation period 24 ~ 26 hours; The solid-state oxygenation agent of percarbonic acid sodium form is added after fermentation starts latter 4 hours, added once every 2 hours later, each addition 200g, stop adding after 20 hours to fermentation, the bacillus thuringiensis of preparation and subtilis mixed fermentation liquid are adsorbed in the ratio of the Fa Jiao Ye ︰ peat composed of rotten mosses=1 ﹕ 6, make the complex microorganism pesticide powder of powdery, for subsequent use;
(4) fermentation of organic substance: biological carbon, stalk, rice husk, silkworm excrement, expanded chicken manure, plant ash and vinasse are crushed to below 80 orders respectively, add in fermenting container and stir, add fermenting agent subtilis subsequently, fermentation 10-20 days, after having a large amount of gas to produce, after detection ammonium nitrogen weight percent concentration is less than 2%, adds potassium primary phosphate wherein, after mixing, make SOLID ORGANIC fertilizer;
(5) granulation: the component that step (2), (3), (4) obtain is pulverized with pulverizer respectively; garden dish tablets press is delivered to again after mixing; be processed into spherical particle; eventually passing temperature out is after the convection type hot blast roller dryer drying of 50 ~ 70 DEG C; sieve, make the granular microbial organic complex fertilizer that diameter is 2 ~ 5mm.
Application example
1, test the microbial organic complex fertilizer 3 kilograms that rice terrace (2 mu) adopts embodiment 1 to produce, output and blank increase production 16.4%.
2, test the microbial organic complex fertilizer 1.5 kilograms that gardens (1 mu) adopt embodiment 2 to produce, the grown situation of Gardens is obviously better than blank group.
3, test the microbial organic complex fertilizer 3 kilograms that orchard (2 mu) adopts embodiment 3 to produce, output and blank increase production 20.4%.
It should be noted that, in this article, the such as relational terms of first and second grades and so on is only used for an entity or operation to separate with another entity or operational zone, and not necessarily requires or imply the relation that there is any this reality between these entities or operation or sequentially.And, term " comprises ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to contain comprising of nonexcludability, thus make to comprise the process of a series of key element, method, article or equipment and not only comprise those key elements, but also comprise other key elements clearly do not listed, or also comprise by the intrinsic key element of this process, method, article or equipment.When not more restrictions, the key element limited by statement " comprising ... ", and be not precluded within process, method, article or the equipment comprising described key element and also there is other identical element.
Above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (7)
1. a microbial organic complex fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: fermenting agent 15-25 part, composite microbial fertilizer bactericide 10-20 part, complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum 7-14 part, biological carbon 6-12 part, stalk 25-35 part, rice husk 20-40 part, silkworm excrement 20-30 part, expanded chicken manure 10-25 part, plant ash 11-23 part, vinasse 5-13 part.
2. microbial organic complex fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: fermenting agent 20 parts, composite microbial fertilizer bactericide 15 parts, complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum 10 parts, biological carbon 9 parts, stalk 30 parts, 30 parts, rice husk, silkworm excrement 25 parts, expanded chicken manure 18 parts, plant ash 18 parts, vinasse 9 parts.
3. microbial organic complex fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fermenting agent is subtilis, and its living bacteria count is more than or equal to 3,000,000,000/ml.
4. microbial organic complex fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described composite microbial fertilizer bactericide by bacillus megaterium and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering formulated, the per-cent that these two kinds of microbial inoculums account for composite microbial fertilizer bactericide gross weight is: bacillus megaterium 60%, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering 40%.
5. microbial organic complex fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum is configured in any proportion by bacillus thuringiensis and subtilis two kinds of microbial inoculums and forms.
6. microbial organic complex fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described biological carbon is one or more in saccharan, grease or Flavor Concentrate.
7. a preparation method for the microbial organic complex fertilizer as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-6, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: select the measured starting material of matter, take raw material according to weight part, for subsequent use;
(2) preparation of composite microbial fertilizer bactericide: bacillus megaterium pulvis and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering pulvis are pressed 60:40 gross weight proportioning, mix, stir after make composite microbial fertilizer bactericide, stand-by;
(3) preparation of complex microorganism agricultural chemicals microbial inoculum: after respectively bacillus thuringiensis, subtilis being carried out slant culture and shake-flask culture, cultured bacillus thuringiensis bacterium liquid and subtilis bacterium liquid are proceeded in fermentor tank in 1:1 ~ 1:1.5 ratio and carries out mixing fermentation culture, the tank of fermentor tank holds 4t, charging capacity 60%, culture temperature 30 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, operation tank pressure 0.3at, ventilating ratio 1 ﹕ 1.3, agitation revolution 230r/min, fermentation period 24 ~ 26 hours; The solid-state oxygenation agent of percarbonic acid sodium form is added after fermentation starts latter 4 hours, added once every 2 hours later, each addition 200g, stop adding after 20 hours to fermentation, the bacillus thuringiensis of preparation and subtilis mixed fermentation liquid are adsorbed in the ratio of the Fa Jiao Ye ︰ peat composed of rotten mosses=1 ﹕ 6, make the complex microorganism pesticide powder of powdery, for subsequent use;
(4) fermentation of organic substance: biological carbon, stalk, rice husk, silkworm excrement, expanded chicken manure, plant ash and vinasse are crushed to below 80 orders respectively, add in fermenting container and stir, add fermenting agent subtilis subsequently, fermentation 10-20 days, after having a large amount of gas to produce, after detection ammonium nitrogen weight percent concentration is less than 2%, adds potassium primary phosphate wherein, after mixing, make SOLID ORGANIC fertilizer;
(5) granulation: the component that step (2), (3), (4) obtain is pulverized with pulverizer respectively; garden dish tablets press is delivered to again after mixing; be processed into spherical particle; eventually passing temperature out is after the convection type hot blast roller dryer drying of 50 ~ 70 DEG C; sieve, make the granular microbial organic complex fertilizer that diameter is 2 ~ 5mm.
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