CN107324954B - Flaky bacterial fertilizer granule taking chicken manure as carrier for controlling soil insects and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a flaky bacterial fertilizer granule taking chicken manure as a carrier for controlling soil insects and a preparation method thereof, wherein the flaky bacterial fertilizer granule is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 83.5% -80.5% of dried chicken manure; 12% -15% of chlorpyrifos; 2.5% of beta-cypermethrin; bacillus licheniformis 2%; the total composition is 100%. The flaky bacterial fertilizer granules obtained by the invention have good single granule stability, do not contain organic matters such as stabilizing agents, binders and the like, and reduce environmental burden. The preparation has low production cost, the preparation gradually absorbs water and expands in a moist environment to keep the moisture of soil after the seeds or seedlings are buried in the soil, the nutrient components in chicken manure are provided, the bacillus licheniformis in the chicken manure can be utilized to improve the soil structure, the using amount of chemical fertilizers is reduced, and the effective components of pesticides are slowly released. The long-term prevention effect on harmful pathogenic bacteria such as underground pests, root-knot nematodes and the like is achieved.

Description

Flaky bacterial fertilizer granule taking chicken manure as carrier for controlling soil insects and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a flaky bacterial fertilizer granule taking chicken manure as a carrier for controlling soil insects and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The chicken manure contains rich nutrition, wherein the crude protein is 18.7%, the fat is 2.5%, the ash content is 13%, the carbohydrate is 11%, the fiber is 7%, the nitrogen is 2.34%, the phosphorus is 2.32%, the potassium is 0.83%, and the nutrition is far higher than that of other manure. In addition, the chicken manure is low in price, and meanwhile, the fresh chicken manure contains about 50% of water, protein, fat, fiber and the like, and can be rapidly dehydrated and partially carbonized after high-temperature treatment, so that a micro porous structure is formed, and the chicken manure is easy to adsorb, and meanwhile, the chicken manure contains a large amount of organic matters, has certain viscosity, and can be pressed to form tablets with certain mechanical strength. Therefore, the chicken manure is processed, so that the chicken manure can be used as a pesticide carrier, the soil nutrient can be improved, and the chemical fertilizer consumption can be reduced.

Therefore, the invention aims to develop a fertilizer which has no pollution to the environment, low cost and certain prevention effect on underground pests. Soil-borne pests refer to omnivorous insects that live in soil for the life or at some stage of life to damage the soil-borne parts, seeds, seedlings, or the near-soil surface main stems of plants. Especially, the corn seedlings are damaged greatly, and a great amount of corn seedlings are lack. The traditional method is to dilute the emulsifiable concentrate pesticide with water and irrigate the root, or mix the toxic soil bait with the granule, or scatter the microcapsule. The methods not only bring the effective components of the pesticides into the soil, but also lead a large amount of chemical substances such as pesticide carriers, surfactants and the like which cannot be degraded in the environment to enter the soil, thereby aggravating the environmental pollution. Meanwhile, bacillus licheniformis is also added into the tablet, so that the tablet has the effects of resisting continuous cropping, treating root rot, breaking hardening, activating soil and cultivating soil fertility, decomposing residual pesticides and fertilizers, regulating the pH value of the soil, eliminating soil-borne diseases and inhibiting the growth of harmful pathogenic bacteria such as root knot nematodes.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a flaky bacterial fertilizer granule taking chicken manure as a carrier for controlling soil insects and a preparation method thereof, and develops a tablet bacterial fertilizer granule which not only can kill the soil insects but also can improve soil nutrients, improve soil environment, has good environmental compatibility and low cost, and takes chlorpyrifos, beta-cypermethrin and bacillus clarkii as active ingredients.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a flaky bacterial fertilizer granule taking chicken manure as a carrier for controlling soil insects is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass:

83.5% -80.5% of dried chicken manure; 12% -15% of chlorpyrifos; 2.5% of beta-cypermethrin; bacillus licheniformis 2%; the total composition is 100%.

Wherein, the oven dried chicken manure is prepared by the following steps:

and (3) placing the fresh chicken manure at 200 ℃ for baking for 45 minutes, rapidly dehydrating the chicken manure, reducing the water content to below 1%, killing harmful pathogenic bacteria and parasites, and carbonizing part of protein in the chicken manure for later use.

The preparation method of the flaky bacterial fertilizer granules for controlling soil insects by taking chicken manure as a carrier comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing the components according to the formula of claim 1;

s2, adding the weighed chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin into the dried chicken manure, and introducing the chicken manure into a planetary ball mill, wherein zircon is used as a grinding ball; revolution rotation speed is 200 rpm, ball milling is carried out for 60 minutes, and the mixture is fully mixed, so that the particle size is below 200 microns, and the powder is prepared;

s3, adding the weighed bacillus licheniformis powder into the obtained medicinal powder, and putting the medicinal powder into a drum type mixing stirrer for uniform mixing;

s4, weighing 0.08g of the medicinal powder, putting into a tablet press, tabletting, and finally preparing into tablet granules with the diameter of 6mm and the weight of 0.08 g.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the obtained flaky bacterial fertilizer granules have good single granule stability, have no organic matters such as stabilizing agent, binding agent and the like, and reduce environmental burden. The preparation has low production cost, the preparation gradually absorbs water and expands in a moist environment to keep the moisture of soil after the seeds or seedlings are buried in the soil, the nutrient components in chicken manure are provided, the bacillus licheniformis in the chicken manure can be utilized to improve the soil structure, the using amount of chemical fertilizers is reduced, and the effective components of pesticides are slowly released. The long-term prevention effect on harmful pathogenic bacteria such as underground pests, root-knot nematodes and the like is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a conventional chicken manure micro-porous structure.

FIG. 2 shows the micro-porous structure of the flaky bacterial fertilizer granules obtained by the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples in order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

Preparation of chlorpyrifos-efficient cypermethrin flaky bacterial fertilizer granule A taking chicken manure as carrier

The tablet granule comprises the following components in 100 weight percent: 83.5 parts of dry chicken manure, 12 parts of chlorpyrifos, 2.5 parts of beta-cypermethrin and 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

s1, drying fresh chicken manure at 250 ℃ for 45 minutes.

S2, taking 95g of dried chicken manure, adding 12g of chlorpyrifos and 2.5g of beta-cypermethrin, and putting into a planetary ball mill. Zircon is used as a grinding ball to revolve at 200 revolutions per minute, ball milling is carried out for 60 minutes, and the zircon is fully mixed to prepare medicinal powder with the particle size below 100 microns.

S3, adding 2g of bacillus licheniformis, and putting into a drum type mixing stirrer for uniformly mixing for 10 minutes.

S4, weighing 0.08g of the uniformly mixed medicinal powder, putting the medicinal powder into a tablet press of a 6mm die, and tabletting under the pressure of 400 kg. Finally, the finished flaky granules with the active ingredient of 14.5 percent of chlorpyrifos-beta-cypermethrin and the viable count of 0.6 hundred million/g are prepared.

Example 2

Preparation of chlorpyrifos-efficient cypermethrin flaky bacterial fertilizer granules B by taking chicken manure as carrier

The tablet granule comprises the following components in 100 weight percent: 83 parts of dry chicken manure, 12.5 parts of chlorpyrifos, 2.5 parts of beta-cypermethrin and 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

s1, drying fresh chicken manure at 250 ℃ for 45 minutes.

S2, taking 85g of dried chicken manure, 12.5g of chlorpyrifos and 2.5g of beta-cypermethrin, and putting the chicken manure into a planetary ball mill. Zircon is used as a grinding ball to revolve at 200 rpm, ball milling is carried out for 60 minutes, and the zircon is fully mixed to prepare medicinal powder with the grain diameter below 200 microns.

S3, adding 3g of bacillus licheniformis, and putting into a drum type mixing stirrer for uniformly mixing for 10 minutes.

S4, weighing 0.08g of the uniformly mixed medicinal powder, putting the medicinal powder into a tablet press of a 6mm die, and tabletting under the pressure of 400 kg. Finally, the finished tablet granules with the active ingredient of 15 percent chlorpyrifos-high-efficiency cypermethrin and the viable count of 0.6 hundred million/g are prepared.

Example 3

Preparation of chlorpyrifos-efficient cypermethrin flaky bacterial fertilizer granules C by taking chicken manure as carrier

The tablet granule comprises the following components in 100 weight percent: 77 parts of dry chicken manure, 15 parts of chlorpyrifos and 2.5 parts of beta-cypermethrin

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

s1, drying fresh chicken manure at 200 ℃ for 45 minutes.

S2, taking 90g of dried chicken manure, adding 15g of chlorpyrifos and 2.5g of beta-cypermethrin, and putting into a planetary ball mill. Zircon is used as a grinding ball to revolve at 200 revolutions per minute, ball milling is carried out for 60 minutes, and the zircon is fully mixed to prepare medicinal powder with the particle size below 100 microns.

S3, adding 3g of bacillus licheniformis, and putting into a drum type mixing stirrer for uniformly mixing for 10 minutes.

S4, weighing 0.08g of the uniformly mixed medicinal powder, putting the medicinal powder into a tablet press of a 6mm die, and tabletting under the pressure of 400 kg. Finally, the finished flaky granules with the active ingredient of 17.5 percent of chlorpyrifos-beta-cypermethrin and the viable count of 0.6 hundred million/g are prepared.

TABLE 1500 g Industrial analysis of chicken manure at 170℃

	Fresh chicken manure	15min	30min	45min	60min
						Water content	52.21	5.33	2.31	1.06	0.51
Volatile component	31.05	60.84	61.57	60.93	58.53
						Fixed carbon	6.32	11.89	13.26	14.47	16.14
Ash content	10.42	21.94	22.86	23.54	24.82

Through the process shown in Table 1, 500g of fresh chicken manure is dried at 170 ℃, and the water content is reduced to below 1% after 60min, so that the components in the chicken manure are not affected basically. The proportion of volatile components remains substantially unchanged. It is shown that at this temperature, the chicken manure does not pyrolyze.

TABLE 2 Industrial analysis of 500g chicken manure at 200℃for different times

	Fresh chicken manure	15min	30min	45min	60min
						Water content	52.21	3.13	1.24	0.73	0.21
Volatile component	31.05	61.52	56.14	50.27	43.21
						Fixed carbon	6.32	12.54	16.89	23.37	28.37
Ash content	10.42	22.81	25.73	25.63	26.21

Through Table 2, 500g of fresh chicken manure is dried at 200 ℃, the moisture content is reduced to below 1% after 45min, the proportion of volatile components is greatly reduced, and the content of fixed carbon is increased, which indicates that part of the chicken manure is pyrolyzed and carbonized at the moment, so that part of volatile components escape.

In order to ensure that the chicken manure has better adsorption effect on the effective components and shorten the drying time. The test was carried out at 200℃for 45 minutes.

Influence of the same pressure on the mechanical strength of the tablet formulation at different particle sizes of the powder

	100um	200um	300um	400um	500um
						Mechanical strength	50N	35N	20N	15N	10N

4 tablets were stacked, placed on a flat surface, and weights were applied continuously on top until tablets disintegrated.

Experiments show that the tablets pressed at the grain size of 200um can bear the weight of 35.14N, and the daily production, transportation and storage of medicines are completely satisfied. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the mechanical strength and saving the cost, the powder with the particle size of 200um is selected for tabletting.

Efficacy test:

the test was carried out by setting 15% chlorpyrifos-high-efficiency cypermethrin flaky bacterial fertilizer granules, namely the application rates A (150 g/mu), B (187.5 g/mu), C (225 g/mu), control agent D (15% chlorpyrifos granule 200g/mu, hexagon pharmaceutical Co., ltd.) and blank control 5 treatments, 4 replicates each, and arranging the treatments according to random granules. The test was performed on 1 peanut block of about 1500m, divided into 5 granules, each of which is divided into 4 cells, 20 cells total, each cell area 66.7m, and peripheral guard rows. The application times are 1 time compared with the period of sowing corn at the beginning of 4 months in 2016. The pesticide applying mode adopts a pesticide and fine soil mixing and scattering method, the pesticide dosage required by each treatment is added into the fine soil for mixing, the land is leveled before sowing, then the mixed pesticide soil is scattered into the field, sowing is carried out after the scattering, and 20 kg of pesticide soil is applied per mu. 2 kg of medicinal soil is applied to each cell.

Investigation mode:

1. investigation time and times

A total of 3 surveys:

(1) Emergence rate and safety investigation: when the emergence rate of the control area exceeds 90%, the emergence rate of each cell and the occurrence of phytotoxicity are investigated.

(2) Investigation of disease and pest control effect in seedling stage: the number of the above-ground pest plants and the number of the underground pest heads are respectively investigated in the 3-leaf period and the 5-leaf period of the corn. The overground harmful plants adopt a whole area investigation mode, the healthy seedlings and the harmful seedlings are recorded respectively, and the pest rate of underground pests is calculated. The number of underground insect heads is 4 points per cell, each point is 50cm multiplied by 100cm (0.5 m < 2 >) and the digging depth is about 20cm.

2. Investigation method

Emergence rate and safety investigation: when the emergence rate of the control area exceeds 90%, the emergence rate of each cell and the occurrence of phytotoxicity are investigated.

The drug effect calculation method comprises the following steps:

test result statistics table for preventing and controlling corn grubs by 15% chlorpyrifos efficient cyhalothrin flaky bacterial fertilizer granules

Note that: the control (%) in the above table is the average value of each repetition.

In the whole test, no phytotoxicity is generated. The table shows that on the basis of the dosage equivalent to that of the control medicament, the emergence rate and the control medicament control effect are over 80% in the 3-leaf period of corn and slightly higher than those of the control medicament, and the control effect of the treatment A, B, C in the 5-leaf period of corn is improved in the 3-leaf period, which indicates that the medicament has certain lasting effect.

The test shows that the 15% chlorpyrifos efficient cyhalothrin flaky bacterial fertilizer granules have good control effect on corn grubs.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. The flaky bacterial fertilizer granule taking chicken manure as a carrier for controlling soil insects is characterized by being prepared from the following components in percentage by mass:

80.5% -83.5% of dried chicken manure; 12% -15% of chlorpyrifos; 2.5% of beta-cypermethrin; 2% of bacillus licheniformis; the total composition is 100%;

the dried chicken manure is prepared by the following steps: baking fresh chicken manure at 200 ℃ for 45 minutes to rapidly dehydrate the chicken manure, reducing the water content to below 1%, killing harmful pathogenic bacteria and parasites, and carbonizing part of protein in the chicken manure for later use;

the preparation method of the flaky bacterial fertilizer granules for controlling soil insects by taking chicken manure as a carrier comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing the components according to the formula;

s2, adding the weighed chlorpyrifos and the beta-cypermethrin into the dried chicken manure, and introducing the chicken manure into a planetary ball mill, wherein zircon is used as a grinding ball; revolution rotation speed is 200 rpm, ball milling is carried out for 60 minutes, and the mixture is fully mixed, so that the particle size is below 200 microns, and the powder is prepared;

s3, adding the weighed bacillus licheniformis powder into the obtained medicinal powder, and putting the medicinal powder into a drum type mixing stirrer for uniform mixing;

s4, weighing 0.08g of the medicinal powder, putting into a tablet press, tabletting, and finally preparing into tablet granules with the diameter of 6mm and the weight of 0.08 g.