CN102190510A - Phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with sterilizing effect and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with sterilizing effect and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102190510A CN102190510A CN2010101225574A CN201010122557A CN102190510A CN 102190510 A CN102190510 A CN 102190510A CN 2010101225574 A CN2010101225574 A CN 2010101225574A CN 201010122557 A CN201010122557 A CN 201010122557A CN 102190510 A CN102190510 A CN 102190510A
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- release fertilizer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The invention relates to a phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with a sterilizing effect and a preparation method thereof. The fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials by molar percent: 30-60% of P2O5, 15-40% of K2O, 1-15% of CaO, 1-10% of MgO, 1-10% of Fe2O3, 1-10% of MnO2, 1-10% of CuO, 0.1-10% of Y2O3, 0.1-10% of Sm2O3 and 0.1-10% of La2O3, wherein the sum of P2O5 and K2O is 50%-80%, and the sum of Y2O3, Sm2O3 and La2O3 is 2%-7%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing, mixing, smelting, pouring, ball-milling and packaging. The fertilizer has the characteristics of less dosage and high and long fertilizer efficiency, is not easy to run off, cake and deteriorate, and is convenient for application, storage and transportation; and the required release amount is achieved through controlling the dissolution rate and granularity of a glass fertilizer.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to chemical field, specifically, is a kind of phosphoric acid salt slow release fertilizer with sterilization effect and preparation method thereof.
[background technology]
The most outstanding characteristics of phosphate controlled-release fertilizer are exactly long-acting slow-release, the chemical fertilizer of selling on the market now all is called quick-acting fertilizer, fertilizer efficiency is the longest also only has some months, this fertilizer of using in orchard and field is in rainfall and the process of pouring water, and quite major part enters in underground water, river and the lake, and so-called solution-off or loss take place, not only cause waste, and polluted water resources, cause eutrophication, NO
xThe generation of gas has increased again the greenhouse gases of the earth.Slow release fertilizer is that the needed nitrogen of plant, phosphorus, potassium and trace element are fused in the glass with suitable proportion, glass can be made into powder, particulate state, spherical, for keeping moisture to can be made into fibrous, hollow fiber and tubulose, after imposing on soil, because the dissolution rate of glass is slow, longer duration is so slow release fertilizer can provide needed some micronutrient element for plant for a long time.The composition of glass can be adjusted because of the needs of the content of soil difference and plant, thereby can promote crop growth, increase crop yield, fertilizer efficiency is long, be difficult for running off, and the main raw material of trace-element slow-release fertilizer is cheap, the source is abundant, production technique is simple, and general glasswork all can produce, so it is a kind of ideal slow release long-acting fertilizer.
At present, China is also less to the research and the report of slow release fertilizer, and the typing production of slow release fertilizer and application are in blank basically.The U.S. greatly develops the little fertilizer of liquid fertilizer, compound trace element fertilizer, organic complex and inner complex at present.Little fertilizer that Japan produces mainly is melting trace-element fertilizer and sintering trace-element fertilizer and compound fertilizer thereof except inorganic salts kind commonly used, so Japan is more about the research of slow release fertilizer aspect.
From present report both domestic and external, little from now on fertilizer will develop to following several types more: (1) slow release fertilizer; (2) compound manure; (3) organic complex, inner complex fertilizer; (4) quick-acting liquid fertilizers; (5) biologic compound fertilizer.Glass fertilizer had both belonged to slow release fertilizer, belonged to again compound fertilizer, so have more advantage.Glass fertilizer will come into one's own as a kind of slow release fertilizer.The advantage of slow release fertilizer is that dissolution velocity is slow,, imitate soft, use can avoid burning crop or the infringement seedling; Increase the absorptivity of plant, reduce the loss of fertilizer, reduce the pollution of water quality etc., fertilizer efficiency period is long, and it can even reach in several years lentamente releasing nutrients element in whole growth period of crop; Reduce fertilizer application frequency, reduce the fertilising cost, good stability is difficult for deliquescence, is convenient to store.Glass fertilizer is a kind ofly not only to contain major element, but also contains the slow release fertilizer of several trace elements, so have more advantage and vast potential for future development more.Glass fertilizer will further be developed as compound manure.Because the development of high-yield culture technique, problem in the soil crop alimentary equilibrium system is more, and the phenomenon of hidden hunger and several element overlapping deficiencies increases, therefore, various countries have begun to carry out the comprehensive diagnos Study on Technology in recent years, and little fertilizer is also more to the compound manure developing direction.The chemical constitution of glass fertilizer is very complicated, generally contain tens kinds of chemical elements, denitrogenate, outside the phosphorus, these major elements of potassium, to also have slightly secondary element be any crop finish by seed germination indispensable in the whole cycle of fruit maturation, mainly contain magnesium, manganese, iron, zinc, boron, copper, molybdenum etc., these elements can be as the compositions of glass and are fused in the glass, thereby make the compound manure that contains several trace elements.In addition, complementary element SeO and I can prevent people and animals' deficiency disease, are the necessary complementary elements of edible plant.
With phosphate glass, borate glass or silicate glass is host glass, just can make the different glass fertilizer of various compositions by adding the needed various different trace elements of plant, form the series of binary system, three-part system, phosphate glass, borate glass, silicate glass fertilizer down to multicomponent system.Can according to the needs of different soil properties and plant, select the different glass fertilizers that form on the agricultural.Therefore, glass fertilizer will be further developed as desirable compound fertilizer.
Slow release fertilizer developing direction from now on is: (1) analyzes situation according to micronutrient levels in the soil of various places, the slow release fertilizer of production different varieties, the department of research and production slow release fertilizer must be according to trace element analysis data in the soil of different areas, suit the remedy to the case, the trace-element slow-release fertilizer of preparation different varieties, different content, promptly different soils is used different slow release fertilizers, popularization that in advance will coaching property just can make the effect of slow release fertilizer appropriately bring into play; (2) greatly develop the slow release fertilizer fiber.Because the slow release fertilizer fiber is planted characteristic aspect the substratum such as thing, ornamental flower at soilless culture, water, water conservation not only, root system of plant can be attached to growing on the fiber, and this is that other fertilizer can't be accomplished; (3) development multifunctional novel kind slow release fertilizer, as composite slow release fertilizer (containing trace element and rare earth element), nitrogenous slow release fertilizer, mildew-resistant deodorizing slow release fertilizer etc., to meet the different needs, particularly can adapt to the growth of decorative indoor plants such as assembly hall, hotel, household, both beautified the environment, free from environmental pollution again.
Japan's stoneman nitre proposes a kind of basis composition in the fair 8-22761 patent of spy similar, but contain CuO or Ag
2O, dissolution rate is (0.001～0.1) mg/5cm
2H (20 ℃, water) and provide nutrition simultaneously and germ-resistant glass its objective is in order to eliminate algae, the mould that is produced in the ornamental plant cultivating soil and to prevent other microbial damage plant and emit stench.
Japan AGC company has disclosed a kind of phosphoric acid salt slow-release glass fertilizer that is applicable to that the hydroponics nutritive medium uses in the fair 6-36697 patent of spy.Usually hydroponics and soilless culture can realize artificial control nutritional condition in the greenhouse, and the method is controlled at 2～300mg/cm by forming design with dissolution velocity
2In the d scope, its burst size can meet the demands, and becomes nutrient solution in directly aborting, and does not need complicated process for preparation, and it is also convenient to change.
[summary of the invention]
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing slow release fertilizer, a kind of phosphoric acid salt slow release fertilizer with sterilization effect and preparation method thereof is provided, have the advantages that consumption is few, fertilizer efficiency is high, fertilizer efficiency is long, be difficult for loss.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with bactericidal effect, raw material is by mole% consisting of P
2O
5Be 30～60%, K
2O is that 15～40%, CaO is that 1～15%, MgO is 1～10%, Fe
2O
3Be 1～10%, MnO
2Be that 1～10%, CuO is 1～10%, Y
2O
3Be 0.1～10%, Sm
2O
3Be 0.1～10%, La
2O
3Be 0.1～10%;
Described P
2O
5Be preferably 35～55%, the best is 47%;
Described K
2O is preferably 20～30%, and the best is 26%;
Described CaO is preferably 3～10%, and the best is 6%;
Described MgO is preferably 2～7%, and the best is 5%;
Described Fe
2O
3Be preferably 2～7%, the best is 5%;
Described MnO
2Be preferably 1～5%, the best is 4%;
Described CuO is preferably 1～5%, and the best is 4%;
Described Y
2O
3Be preferably 0.5～3%, the best is 1%;
Described Sm
2O
3Be preferably 0.5～3%, the best is 1%;
Described La
2O
3Be preferably 0.5～3%, the best is 1%;
Described P
2O
5, K
2The summation of O is 50%～80%;
Described Y
2O
3, Sm
2O
3, La
2O
3Summation be 2%～7%.
A kind of phosphoric acid salt slow release fertilizer raw material sources with sterilization effect of the present invention enrich, and major part can choose ore or slag is a raw material.
Each components contents scope is limited at the statement of the reasons are as follows in the above-mentioned scope.
P
2O
5If content less than 30mol%, then can not generate metaphosphate and form good glassy state, can not obtain stable glass.If surpass 60mol%, then because the structural instability of glassy state, be placed in the air too easily deliquescence and be unwell to and do slow release fertilizer, K
2O is indispensable composition of the present invention, also is that plant growth is necessary, K
2If the content of O is less than 15mol%, then its content is too little, the advantageous effects deficiency that the growth of plant is produced, can not well play the purpose of promoting its growth, if surpass 40mol%, a large amount of increase of volatilization in the process of founding, thus increase cost, the slow release fertilizer dissolving that generates simultaneously is too fast, can not play suitably and slow release effect; The key component that the present invention plays bactericidal effect is Fe
2O
3, MnO
2And CuO, the suitable proportioning of three can play best bactericidal effect.Y
2O
3, Sm
2O
3And La
2O
3Be rare earth element, increase the necessary complement element of plant growth, promote the photosynthesis of plant, play simultaneously the effect of bacteria growing inhibiting.
A kind of preparation method with phosphoric acid salt slow release fertilizer of sterilization effect may further comprise the steps:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 900 ℃～1200 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 50～100min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
The positively effect of a kind of phosphoric acid salt slow release fertilizer with sterilization effect of the present invention and preparation method thereof is:
(1) the present invention can by the chemical composition of adjustment glass and the dissolution rate of particle size control fertilizer chemical element, be the necessary chemical element of crops supply growth;
(2) technology of production slow release fertilizer of the present invention is fairly simple, and the investment of equipment and production cost are all lower, and can utilize natural matter or industrial waste as raw materials for production;
(3) slow release fertilizer of the present invention can be the full effective fertilizer material, makes it contain the required whole fertilizer chemical elements of crop growth, and can adjust the ratio between the various chemical elements, makes it meet the needs of various farm crop;
(4) dissolution rate of slow release fertilizer of the present invention is slower, can avoid the soil property of soil to descend and polluted underground water;
(5) consumption of the present invention is few, fertilizer efficiency is high, fertilizer efficiency is long, be difficult for loss;
(6) fertilizer of the present invention use, take care of, convenient transportation, prevented from caking, not perishable.
Lead-free phosphate sealed glass powder of the present invention is on the basis of a large amount of experiments, with the theory is according to a kind of novel phosphate glass of creating, test result shows, not only has thermal expansivity suitable and that be easy to adjust, lower softening temperature, also have excellent chemical stability, be specially adapted to the high power valve sealing glass powder, aspect unleaded and low-cost, have very strong competitive power especially.
[embodiment]
The embodiment of a kind of phosphoric acid salt slow release fertilizer with sterilization effect of the present invention and preparation method thereof below is provided.
It is the 5mm particle that glass powder after founding is broken into median size, takes by weighing the 1Kg frit and adds in the 1t distilled water, tests its dissolution rate in distilled water.
Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Embodiment 1
One, raw material forms by mole% being:
P
2O
5Be 47%, K
2O is that 26%, CaO is that 6%, MgO is 5%, Fe
2O
3Be 5%, MnO
2Be that 4%, CuO is 4%, Y
2O
3Be 1%, Sm
2O
3Be 1%, La
2O
3Be 1%.
Two, preparation method:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 1000 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 60min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Three, test result:
| A situation arises for mould | The plant growth situation | Dissolution velocity | |
| Experiment | After one month | After one month | 20 ℃, water |
| Embodiment 1 | Do not have | Normally | 35mg/cm 2D |
Embodiment 2
One, raw material forms by mole% being:
P
2O
5Be 34%, K
2O is that 36%, CaO is that 7%, MgO is 5%, Fe
2O
3Be 6%, MnO
2Be that 4%, CuO is 3%, Y
2O
3Be 2%, Sm
2O
3Be 2%, La
2O
3Be 1%.
Two, preparation method:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 1100 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 70min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Three, test result:
| A situation arises for mould | The plant growth situation | Dissolution velocity | |
| Experiment | After one month | After one month | 20 ℃, water |
| Embodiment 1 | Do not have | Normally | 42mg/cm 2D |
Embodiment 3
One, raw material forms by mole% being:
P
2O
5Be 38%, K
2O is that 32%, CaO is that 7%, MgO is 4%, Fe
2O
3Be 8%, MnO
2Be that 3%, CuO is 4%, Y
2O
3Be 1%, Sm
2O
3Be 1%, La
2O
3Be 2%.
Two, preparation method:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 1200 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 50min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Three, test result:
| A situation arises for mould | The plant growth situation | Dissolution velocity | |
| Experiment | After one month | After one month | 20 ℃, water |
| Embodiment 1 | Do not have | Normally | 31mg/cm 2D |
Embodiment 4
One, raw material forms by mole% being:
P
2O
5Be 43%, K
2O is that 28%, CaO is that 9%, MgO is 5%, Fe
2O
3Be 5%, MnO
2Be that 2%, CuO is 5%, Y
2O
3Be 1%, Sm
2O
3Be 1%, La
2O
3Be 1%.
Two, preparation method:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 1150 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 7min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Three, test result:
| A situation arises for mould | The plant growth situation | Dissolution velocity |
| Experiment | After one month | After one month | 20 ℃, water |
| Embodiment 1 | Do not have | Normally | 43mg/cm 2D |
Embodiment 5
One, raw material forms by mole% being:
P
2O
5Be 54%, K
2O is that 22%, CaO is that 5%, MgO is 3%, Fe
2O
3Be 4%, MnO
2Be that 3%, CuO is 5%, Y
2O
3Be 1%, Sm
2O
3Be 2%, La
2O
3Be 1%.
Two, preparation method:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 1000 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 60min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Three, test result:
| A situation arises for mould | The plant growth situation | Dissolution velocity | |
| Experiment | After one month | After one month | 20 ℃, water |
| Embodiment 1 | Do not have | Normally | 64mg/cm 2D |
It should be noted last that: above embodiment only is illustrative rather than definitive thereof technical scheme of the present invention, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention, and not breaking away from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with bactericidal effect is characterized in that, raw material is by mole% consisting of P
2O
5Be 30～60%, K
2O is that 15～40%, CaO is that 1～15%, MgO is 1～10%, Fe
2O
3Be 1～10%, MnO
2Be that 1～10%, CuO is 1～10%, Y
2O
3Be 0.1～10%, Sm
2O
3Be 0.1～10%, La
2O
3Be 0.1～10%.
2. a kind of phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with bactericidal effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that described P
2O
5Be 35～55%, described K
2O is 20～30%, and described CaO is 3～10%, and described MgO is 2～7%.
3. a kind of phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with bactericidal effect according to claim 2 is characterized in that described P
2O
5Be 47%, described K
2O is 26%, and described CaO is 6%, and described MgO is 5%.
4. a kind of phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with bactericidal effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that described Fe
2O
3Be 2～7%, described MnO
2Be 1～5%, described CuO is 1～5%, described Y
2O
3Be 0.5～3%.
5. a kind of phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with bactericidal effect according to claim 4 is characterized in that described Fe
2O
3Be 5%, described MnO
2Be 4%, described CuO is 4%, described Y
2O
3Be 1%.
6. a kind of phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with bactericidal effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that described Sm
2O
3Be 0.5～3%, described La
2O
3Be 0.5～3%.
7. a kind of phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with bactericidal effect according to claim 6 is characterized in that described Sm
2O
3Be 1%, described La
2O
3Be 1%.
8. a kind of phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with bactericidal effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that described P
2O
5, K
2The summation of O is 50%～80%.
9. a kind of phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with bactericidal effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that described Y
2O
3, Sm
2O
3, La
2O
3Summation be 2%～7%.
10. a kind of preparation method with phosphoric acid salt slow release fertilizer of sterilization effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that concrete steps are:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 900 ℃～1200 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 50～100min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101225574A CN102190510A (en) | 2010-03-12 | 2010-03-12 | Phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with sterilizing effect and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101225574A CN102190510A (en) | 2010-03-12 | 2010-03-12 | Phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with sterilizing effect and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102190510A true CN102190510A (en) | 2011-09-21 |
Family
ID=44599477
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101225574A Pending CN102190510A (en) | 2010-03-12 | 2010-03-12 | Phosphate controlled-release fertilizer with sterilizing effect and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102190510A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107324954A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-11-07 | 山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of sheet bacterial manure granule that subterranean pest-insect is prevented and treated by carrier of chicken manure and preparation method thereof |
| WO2022235235A3 (en) * | 2021-05-05 | 2023-03-02 | Turkiye Sise Ve Cam Fabrikalari Anonim Sirketi | Controlled release fertilizer comprising phosphate based glass |
-
2010
- 2010-03-12 CN CN2010101225574A patent/CN102190510A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107324954A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-11-07 | 山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of sheet bacterial manure granule that subterranean pest-insect is prevented and treated by carrier of chicken manure and preparation method thereof |
| CN107324954B (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2023-10-03 | 山西农业大学 | Flaky bacterial fertilizer granule taking chicken manure as carrier for controlling soil insects and preparation method thereof |
| WO2022235235A3 (en) * | 2021-05-05 | 2023-03-02 | Turkiye Sise Ve Cam Fabrikalari Anonim Sirketi | Controlled release fertilizer comprising phosphate based glass |
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Application publication date: 20110921 |