CN102120708A - Rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102120708A CN102120708A CN2010100226194A CN201010022619A CN102120708A CN 102120708 A CN102120708 A CN 102120708A CN 2010100226194 A CN2010100226194 A CN 2010100226194A CN 201010022619 A CN201010022619 A CN 201010022619A CN 102120708 A CN102120708 A CN 102120708A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The are-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer and preparation method thereof comprises the following raw materials in molar ratio: 40-60% of P2O5, 5-30% of Na2O, 5-30% of K2O, 1-20% of CaO, 1-10% of Al2O3, 0.1-10% of La2O3, 0.1-10% of Sm2O3, 0.1-10% of Y2O3, and 0.1-10% of Gd2O3, wherein the sum of the P2O5, the Na2o and the K2O is 70-90%, and the sum of the La2O3, Sm2O3, Y2O3, and Gd2O3 is 0.5-5%; and the preparation method comprises the steps of: weighing, blending, melting, casting, ball-grinding, and packaging. The rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer provided by the invention has the advantages of less dosage, high and durable fertilizer efficiency, difficulty in running-off, caking and deterioration, convenience in application, storage and transportation, and capability of reaching a released quantity as required through being controlled in the dissolution rate and the granularity.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to chemical field, specifically, is a kind of rare earth element slow-release glass fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
[background technology]
The trace element glass fertilizer is take glass as carrier, and adding plants needs trace element and rare earth element, utilizes the slow release of glass ingredient, constantly discharges the necessary trace element of plant growth and rare earth element.The patent that U.S. Owens Corning company in 1940 has namely applied for glass fertilizer, nineteen forty-three, Walthall developed P
2O
5-CaO-MgO-SiO
2The glass fertilizer of system, purpose are to supply with plant phosphorus potash fertilizer.The 1950's, state such as USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), U.S., moral added trace elements such as Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, B in glass carrier, made glass fertilizer that basic improvement arranged, and became trace element fertilizer by major element and moderate-element.Ohio, USA Ferro company produces the glass fertilizer of the FTE trade mark, and tests the acquisition achievement with 5 years on different sorts soil.USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) nineteen fifty-five has also been succeeded in developing glass fertilizer, uses on the big area crop, and report can make crop yield 20%～50% at that time.
Since the eighties in 20th century, along with rare earth element applying in each field of China, the investigator introduces rare earth element mixing salt and trace element in the glass carrier together, be developed into the glass fertilizer that contains rare earth element and trace element, carry out application test at aspects such as paddy rice, vegetables, fruit, edible mushrooms, flowers, obtain better effects.China in 1992 publish " Chinese chemical fertilizer handbook is listed glass fertilizer in the trace element fertilizer in.Japan AGC in 1992 development is fit to the glass fertilizer that the deodorization and sterilization effect was cultivated and had to water, can prevent the murder by poisoning to plant of the pathogenic bacterias such as mould that breed in the nutritive medium.Enter 21 century, the patent that some companies of the China and the U.S., Russia, Korea S have applied for glass fertilizer, scholar such as Lee, Amin has studied the influence to environment of the relation, particularly glass fertilizer of glass fertilizer composition and solubleness again, and points out that the use of glass fertilizer is safe to environment.
Glass fertilizer developing direction from now on is: (1) analyzes situation according to micronutrient levels in the soil of various places, the glass fertilizer of production different varieties, the department of research and production glass fertilizer must be according to trace element analysis data in the soil of different areas, suit the remedy to the case, the micro-glass fertilizer of preparation different varieties, different content, promptly different soils is used different glass fertilizers, popularization that in advance will coaching property just can make the effect of glass fertilizer appropriately bring into play; (2) greatly develop the glass fertilizer fiber.Because the glass fertilizer fiber is planted characteristic aspect the substratum such as thing, ornamental flower at soilless culture, water, water conservation not only, root system of plant can be attached to growing on the fiber, and this is that other fertilizer can't be accomplished; (3) development multifunctional novel kind glass fertilizer, as compound glass fertilizer (containing trace element and rare earth element), Nitrogen Containing Glass fertilizer, mildew-resistant deodorizing glass fertilizer etc., to meet the different needs, particularly can adapt to the growth of decorative indoor plants such as assembly hall, hotel, household, both beautified the environment, free from environmental pollution again.
Japan AGC company has disclosed a kind of phosphoric acid salt slow-release glass fertilizer that is applicable to that the hydroponics nutritive medium uses in the fair 6-36697 patent of spy.Usually hydroponics and soilless culture can realize artificial control nutritional condition in the greenhouse, and the method is controlled at 2～300mg/cm by forming design with dissolution velocity
2In the d scope, its burst size can meet the demands, and becomes nutrient solution in directly aborting, and does not need complicated process for preparation, and it is also convenient to change.
Japan's stoneman nitre proposes a kind of basis composition in the fair 8-22761 patent of spy similar, but contain CuO or Ag
2O, dissolution rate is (0.001～0.1) mg/5cm
2H (20 ℃, water) and provide nutrition simultaneously and germ-resistant glass its objective is in order to eliminate algae, the mould that is produced in the ornamental plant cultivating soil and to prevent other microbial damage plant and emit stench.
[summary of the invention]
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing glass fertilizer, a kind of rare earth element slow-release glass fertilizer and preparation method thereof is provided, have the advantages that consumption is few, fertilizer efficiency is high, fertilizer efficiency is long, be difficult for loss.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer, raw material is by mole% consisting of P
2O
5Be 40～60%, Na
2O is 5～30%, K
2O is that 5～30%, CaO is 1～20%, Al
2O
3Be 1～10%, La
2O
3Be 0.1～10%, Sm
2O
3Be 0.1～10%, Y
2O
3Be 0.1～10%, Gd
2O
3Be 0.1～10%;
Described P
2O
5Be preferably 45～55%, the best is 47%;
Described Na
2O is preferably 10～25%, and the best is 24%;
Described K
2O is preferably 5～20%, and the best is 14%;
Described CaO is preferably 5～15%, and the best is 8%;
Described Al
2O
3Be preferably 1～5%, the best is 3%;
Described La
2O
3Be preferably 0.1～3%, the best is 1%;
Described Sm
2O
3Be preferably 0.1～3%, the best is 1%;
Described Y
2O
3Be preferably 0.1～3%, the best is 1%;
Described Gd
2O
3Be preferably 0.1～3%, the best is 1%;
Described P
2O
5, Na
2O, K
2The summation of O is 70%～90%;
Described La
2O
3, Sm
2O
3, Y
2O
3, Gd
2O
3Summation be 0.5%～5%.
A kind of rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer raw material sources of the present invention are abundant, and major part can choose ore or slag is raw material.
A kind of preparation method of rare earth element slow-release glass fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 900 ℃～1200 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 30～120min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
The positively effect of a kind of rare earth element slow-release glass fertilizer of the present invention and preparation method thereof is:
(1) the present invention supplies with plant with trace element and rare earth element equably, and is can the initial stage inexcessive, causes dunsiekte, also can not cause the deficiency of later stage trace element and rare earth element;
(2) the present invention can be according to different plants to trace element and the needs of rare earth element and the content distribution situation of Trace Elements in Soil and rare earth element, trace element and the rare earth element glass fertilizer of preparation variety classes and different content, also can according to the requirement of plant intake, meet the requirements of the release by rate of dissolution and the granularity of controlling glass fertilizer simultaneously;
(3) among the present invention the trace element and rare earth element hardly with other compound chemically reactives, can not generate the nonabsorbable noval chemical compound of plant, can not make soil compaction and salinization of soil yet, so can with the applications of mixed fertilizers such as nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer;
(4) consumption of the present invention is few, fertilizer efficiency is high, fertilizer efficiency is long, be difficult for loss;
(5) fertilizer of the present invention use, take care of, convenient transportation, prevented from caking, not perishable.
[embodiment]
The embodiment of a kind of rare earth element slow-release glass fertilizer of the present invention and preparation method thereof below is provided.
Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
In the initial stage of hydrolysis, existing metal ion R+ is displaced glass network, along with the further diffusion of H+ in network, some phosphoric acid salt chains disconnect, the polyphosphoric acid radical ion is dissolved in the aqueous solution with certain speed, simultaneously institute's carrying metal ion is also discharged Here it is the so-called slow-release function of phosphate glass.The speed of slowly-releasing depends on the kind and the quantity of metal oxide in the glass.The present invention is introducing the monoacidic base metal K
2O, Na
2During O, be to make the layer structure fracture basically, cause structure looser, chemical durability of glass reduces, thereby has increased its rate of dissolution in water, and the other metal oxide is (such as Al
2O
3, CaO etc.) introducing network strengthened and reduce sodium, potassium to the diffusion rate of the aqueous solution, thereby glass structure is more stable, rate of dissolution reduces.Therefore can according to the needs of practical use, regulate the rate of dissolution of phosphate glass in water by quantity and the kind of adjusting metal oxide in the glass.
It is the 5mm particle that glass powder after founding is broken into median size, takes by weighing the 1Kg frit and adds in the 1t distilled water, tests its dissolution rate in distilled water.
Embodiment 1
One, raw material forms by mole% being:
P
2O
5Be 47%, Na
2O is 24%, K
2O is that 14%, CaO is 8%, Al
2O
3Be 3%, La
2O
3Be 1%, Sm
2O
3Be 1%, Y
2O
3Be 1%, Gd
2O
3Be 1%.
Two, preparation method:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 1100 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 70min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Three, test result:
| A situation arises for mould | The plant growth situation | |
| Experiment | After one month | After one month |
| Embodiment 1 | Do not have | Normally |
Dissolution rate is 47mg/cm in the distilled water
2D (20 ℃, water)
Embodiment 2
One, raw material forms by mole% being:
P
2O
5Be 40%, Na
2O is 15%, K
2O is that 15%, CaO is 18%, Al
2O
3Be 5%, La
2O
3Be 3%, Sm
2O
3Be 2%, Y
2O
3Be 1%, Gd
2O
3Be 1%.
Two, preparation method:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 1200 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 110min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Three, test result:
| A situation arises for mould | The plant growth situation | |
| Experiment | After one month | After one month |
| Embodiment 2 | Do not have | Normally |
Dissolution rate is 23mg/cm in the distilled water
2D (20 ℃, water)
Embodiment 3
One, raw material forms by mole% being:
P
2O
5Be 60%, Na
2O is 10%, K
2O is that 9%, CaO is 13%, Al
2O
3Be 6%, La
2O
3Be 0.6%, Sm
2O
3Be 0.4%, Y
2O
3Be 0.6%, Gd
2O
3Be 0.4%.
Two, preparation method:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 900 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 50min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Three, test result:
| A situation arises for mould | The plant growth situation | |
| Experiment | After one month | After one month |
| Embodiment 3 | Do not have | Normally |
Dissolution rate is 77mg/cm in the distilled water
2D (20 ℃, water)
Embodiment 4
One, raw material forms by mole% being:
P
2O
5Be 44%, Na
2O is 22%, K
2O is that 21%, CaO is 10%, Al
2O
3Be 2%, La
2O
3Be 0.3%, Sm
2O
3Be 0.3%, Y
2O
3Be 0.2%, Gd
2O
3Be 0.2%.
Two, preparation method:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 900 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 50min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Three, test result:
| A situation arises for mould | The plant growth situation | |
| Experiment | After one month | After one month |
| Embodiment 4 | Do not have | Normally |
Dissolution rate is 129mg/cm in the distilled water
2D (20 ℃, water)
Embodiment 5
One, raw material forms by mole% being:
P
2O
5Be 56%, Na
2O is 20%, K
2O is that 11%, CaO is 6%, Al
2O
3Be 4%, La
2O
3Be 0.3%, Sm
2O
3Be 0.7%, Y
2O
3Be 1%, Gd
2O
3Be 1%.
Two, preparation method:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 950 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 80min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Three, test result:
| A situation arises for mould | The plant growth situation | |
| Experiment | After one month | After one month |
| Embodiment 5 | Do not have | Normally |
Dissolution rate is 63mg/cm in the distilled water
2D (20 ℃, water)
Embodiment 6
One, raw material forms by mole% being:
P
2O
5Be 50%, Na
2O is 25%, K
2O is that 16%, CaO is 5%, Al
2O
3Be 2%, La
2O
3Be 0.3%, Sm
2O
3Be 0.7%, Y
2O
3Be 0.5%, Gd
2O
3Be 0.5%.
Two, preparation method:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 1000 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 45min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Three, test result:
| A situation arises for mould | The plant growth situation | |
| Experiment | After one month | After one month |
| Embodiment 6 | Do not have | Normally |
Dissolution rate is 95mg/cm in the distilled water
2D (20 ℃, water)
It should be noted last that: above embodiment only is illustrative rather than definitive thereof technical scheme of the present invention, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention, and not breaking away from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer is characterized in that, raw material is by mole% consisting of P
2O
5Be 40～60%, Na
2O is 5～30%, K
2O is that 5～30%, CaO is 1～20%, Al
2O
3Be 1～10%, La
2O
3Be 0.1～10%, Sm
2O
3Be 0.1～10%, Y
2O
3Be 0.1～10%, Gd
2O
3Be 0.1～10%.
2. a kind of rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described P
2O
5Be 45～55%, described Na
2O is 10～25%, K
2O is 5～20%.
3. a kind of rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described P
2O
5Be 47%, described Na
2O is 24%, K
2O is 14%.
4. a kind of rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described CaO is 5～15%, described Al
2O
3Be 1～5%, described La
2O
3Be 0.1～3%.
5. a kind of rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described CaO is 8%, described Al
2O
3Be 3%, described La
2O
3Be 1%.
6. a kind of rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described Sm
2O
3Be 0.1～3%, described Y
2O
3Be 0.1～3%, described Gd
2O
3Be 0.1～3%.
7. a kind of rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described Sm
2O
3Be 1%, described Y
2O
3Be 1%, described Gd
2O
3Be 1%.
8. a kind of rare earth element slow-release glass fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described P
2O
5, Na
2O, K
2The summation of O is 70%～90%.
9. a kind of rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described La
2O
3, Sm
2O
3, Y
2O
3, Gd
2O
3Summation be 0.5%～5%.
10. the preparation method of a kind of rare earth element slow-release glass fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) molar percentage according to each component takes by weighing each raw material;
(2) with the raw material thorough mixing that is taken by weighing;
(3) mixed compound is put into crucible, put into furnace temperature then and be 900 ℃～1200 ℃ electric furnace, insulation 30～120min;
(4) glass metal after will melting is poured tabletting machine into and is pressed into thin slice or pours in the cold water;
(5) sheet or granular glass are put into the ball mill ball milling together;
(6) glass powder behind the ball milling is sieved, detects, packs.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010100226194A CN102120708A (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2010-01-11 | Rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010100226194A CN102120708A (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2010-01-11 | Rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102120708A true CN102120708A (en) | 2011-07-13 |
Family
ID=44249394
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010100226194A Pending CN102120708A (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2010-01-11 | Rare-earth element slow-release glass fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108976083A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-11 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of the liquid selenium-rich siliceous fertilizer rich in microelement |
| WO2022260628A3 (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2023-04-06 | Yildiz Teknik Universitesi | A controlled release glass fertilizer and a method for preparing the same |
-
2010
- 2010-01-11 CN CN2010100226194A patent/CN102120708A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108976083A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-11 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of the liquid selenium-rich siliceous fertilizer rich in microelement |
| WO2022260628A3 (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2023-04-06 | Yildiz Teknik Universitesi | A controlled release glass fertilizer and a method for preparing the same |
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Application publication date: 20110713 |