CN103274843A - Special polyelement microorganism fertilizer for preventing potato soft rot and preparation method of special polyelement microorganism fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a special polyelement microorganism fertilizer for preventing potato soft rot and a preparation method of the special polyelement microorganism fertilizer. The special polyelement microorganism fertilizer comprises components of raw materials in parts by weight as follows: 0.4-0.6 part of bacillus polymyxa, 0.2-0.4 part of a fertilizer leavening agent, 90-110 parts of an organic fertilizer, 0.5-0.8 part of a plant growth regulator, 1-3 parts of an adhesion agent, 2-4 parts of an insecticide synergist, 30-60 parts of an inorganic fertilizer, Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients and the like. The prepared special polyelement microorganism fertilizer for preventing the potato soft rot can reduce the morbidity of the potato soft rot greatly and reduce bacterial and fungal diseases of leaves of a plant obviously, the plant can grow more vigorously, the yield of potatoes is increased greatly, the quality is improved, probiotics in the soil are also increased, and the soil condition is improved.

Description

A kind of special-purpose fertilizer of polynary microorganism of preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of polynary microbial fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of special-purpose fertilizer of polynary microorganism of preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato and preparation method thereof, belong to technical field of fertilizers.

Background technology

Potato is commonly called as potato, is food indispensable in people's daily life, has antidotal effect.It contains vitamin B group and a large amount of high-quality Mierocrystalline celluloses such as abundant VITMAIN B1, B2, B6 and pantothenic acid, also contains nutritive elements such as trace element, amino acid, protein, fat and high-quality starch, and nutritive value is very abundant.

The fertilising of potato generally is to be principle based on " fertilizer, chemical fertilizer are auxilliary, heavy dressing base manure, early spraying fertilizer ".Because contain abundant organism in the fertilizer, be conducive to foster and apply fertilizer, chessom, increase soil fertility, be conducive to more that potato tuber expands and root growth.The potato growing period need liquid manure maximum be flowering period, and also be simultaneously the stage that fertilizer slaking gradually, decomposition discharge nutrient the season that also temperature raise just, rainfall increases this moment.At this moment, the organic fertilizer in the base manure and the transformation benefit of mineral manure constantly enlarge, and have satisfied the potato growing period to nutrient demand, have promoted vine growth and development.The purpose of Here it is heavy dressing base manure.At season of growth bacterial soft rot of potato mainly cause harm leaf, stem and stem tuber.Leaf is caught an illness, and Lao Ye near the ground is first to fall ill, and sick portion is irregular dun scab, rots during high humidity.Stem catches an illness and starts from wound more, spreads to stem again, and myeloid tissue is rotted in the back stem, the tool stench, and sick stem top branches and leaves are wilted sagging, the leaf flavescence.Stem tuber is caught an illness and many is caused by the cortex wound, just is water soaking mode, and the disintegration of back potato block organization gives out a foul smell, at storage period main harm potato tuber.Therefore it is very necessary to prevent and treat bacterial soft rot of potato.The method of routine is exactly that spraying pesticide solves, and still this disease is in case generation is just very difficult with the medicine solution, so prevention is key.

Normally a kind of composite fertilizer of microbial fertilizer, polynary formulated by useful living microorganism flora, organic matter, inorganic fertilizer.Wherein Chang Yong living microorganism bacterium has vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria etc.These useful living microorganism bacterium are to transform the indispensable active substance of soil fertility, and beneficial microorganism is added in the fertilizer, reach the purpose of prevention Plant diseases in fertilising.At present also do not utilize microbial fertilizer to prevent the report of potato soft rot.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to present situation, a kind of special-purpose fertilizer of polynary microorganism of preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato and preparation method thereof is provided, can effectively prevent the generation of bacterial soft rot of potato, and improve its yield and quality, can also improve edaphic condition.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:

A kind of special-purpose fertilizer of polynary microorganism of preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus polymyxa 0.4-0.6 part, fertilizer starter 0.2-0.4 part, fertilizer 90-110 part, plant-growth regulator 0.5-0.8 part, tackiness agent 1-3 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, inorganic fertilizer 30-60 part.

Described fertilizer is that the pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, the Oletum Columba livia that become thoroughly decomposed mix with the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2.

Described plant-growth regulator is that ethrel pulvis, paclobutrazol pulvis, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins pulvis mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:2.

Described tackiness agent is a kind of or the two mixture with any mixed in sodium alginate or the wilkinite.

Described inorganic fertilizer is that urea, diammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, ferrous sulfate mix with the weight ratio of 5-7:4-5:1-3:1-3.

The special-purpose fertile preparation method of the polynary microorganism of above-mentioned control bacterial soft rot of potato may further comprise the steps:

(1) pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, Oletum Columba livia are stirred with the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed that the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2 mixes ,The adjustment water content is 55%-65%;

(2) the fertilizer starter is joined in the pure water, the weight ratio of fertilizer starter and water is 1-2:50, after stirring, is to place after 6-10 hour under 20-30 ℃ the temperature namely to get activation solution in temperature;

(3) activation solution is put into the good fertilizer of pre-treatment, stir, pile up in heaps then, the high control of heap in summer is between 0.5～0.8 meter, treat between 0.8～1.2 meter of winter that temperature is raised to 50 ℃ (winter temperature is raised to 55 ℃) and begins a turning when above, when the heap temperature reaches more than 65 ℃, turning need be carried out later on, the state that becomes thoroughly decomposed substantially can be reached in 15～20 days.

(4) plant-growth regulator, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, inorganic fertilizer and tackiness agent add the water mixing and stirring respectively according to the above ratio; And then mix with material that step (3) makes, stir;

(5) bacillus polymyxa is joined in the above-mentioned material, through fluidized-bed oven dry, temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 80 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 50-60 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.

Described bacillus polymyxa is the bacillus polymyxa DN50 by the production and sales of magnificent microorganism limited liability company, effectively bacterium number 〉=5,000,000,000/gram.Bacillus polymyxa DN50 by the bacillus polymyxa of the tool sp act that separates in the soil through domestication, cultivate, fermentation back cryodrying forms, this bacterium can secrete multiple extracellular antiseptic material, can suppress multiple pathogenic bacteria activity, significantly improve the disease resistance of plant, simultaneously can promote plant-growth, improve the output of plant, be the short living bacterium of a kind of good biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion.

Described fertilizer starter is the magnificent little fertilizer starter R5002 by the production and sales of magnificent microorganism limited liability company, effectively bacterium number 〉=5,000,000,000/gram.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

(1) have bacillus polymyxa in the fertilizer, can reduce disease of agricultural plants, improve and prolong fertilizer efficiency, reduce chemical fertilizer consumption, promote crop growth, improve the soil, the ecology recovering balance, improve quality of agricultural product.

(2) the fertilizer starter contains ten multiple beneficial microorganisms such as fungi, yeast, actinomycetes and bacterium, and each flora of its microorganism can harmonious coexistence, mutually promote, and reaches the effect of mutual supplement with each other's advantages.Organism such as the fertilizer starter not only can fermented stalk, ight soil, and contained probiotics breeds and produces macrometabolic element fast in the substrate fermentation process, can also effectively prevent and treat vegetative bacteria and fungoid soil-borne disease, simultaneously the bacterium of leaf portion and fungal disease are obviously reduced; Plant had tangible promotes growth, production-increasing function.

(3) contain rich soluble organic carbon and organonitrogen in the fertilizer product, can provide very superior growing environment to function yeast, greatly improved function yeast deciding in soil and grown and vigor.

(4) of the present inventionly can be used for broadcasting soil treatment before the seedling of back, prevent and kill off the sterilization idiocratic of farmland weed and wide spectrum.Compared with prior art, it is good, environmentally safe that distinctive prescription synergy formulation of the present invention has a herbicidal effect, and weeds characteristics such as be difficult for developing immunity to drugs have a extensive future.Bactericidal and herbicidal agent of the present invention relatively safely to eyes, skin nonirritant, is low toxicity through bright its acute toxicity of day skin test checking to people and animals, easily decomposes in atmosphere and soil, and non-poisonous material is residual; The present invention's seed dressing is little to the influence of farmland natural enemy, helps to keep ecotope, and is more friendly to environment, satisfies the production requirement of crop.

Embodiment

Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that protection scope of the present invention is made more explicit defining.

Embodiment 1

A kind of special-purpose fertilizer of polynary microorganism of preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: 0.4 part of bacillus polymyxa, 0.2 part of fertilizer starter, 90 parts of fertilizers, 0.5 part of plant-growth regulator, 1 part in tackiness agent, 2 parts of insecticidal synergists, 30 parts of inorganic fertilizers, 55 parts of Seed of Chinese Soapberry exospers, 5 parts of Root of Pubescent Holly, 1 part of Stellera chamaejasme L., 5 parts of hops, 25 parts in Chinese prickly ash, 25 parts of ginkgo kind skins, 26 parts of Fructus Cnidiis, 17 parts of Cortex Meliaees, 16 parts of Rangooncreeper Fruit, 1 part in Turkey-galls, 5 parts of matrines.

Described fertilizer is that the pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, the Oletum Columba livia that become thoroughly decomposed mix with the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2.

Described plant-growth regulator is that ethrel pulvis, paclobutrazol pulvis, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins pulvis mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:2.

Described tackiness agent is sodium alginate.

Described insecticidal synergist is that propylisome, Piperonyl Butoxide, synergy amine DA-6 mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:1.

Described inorganic fertilizer is that urea, diammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, ferrous sulfate mix with the weight ratio of 5:4:1:1.

The special-purpose fertile preparation method of the polynary microorganism of above-mentioned control bacterial soft rot of potato may further comprise the steps:

(1) pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, Oletum Columba livia are stirred with the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed that the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2 mixes ,The adjustment water content is 55%-65%;

(2) the fertilizer starter is joined in the pure water, the weight ratio of fertilizer starter and water is 1-2:50, after stirring, is to place after 6-10 hour under 20-30 ℃ the temperature namely to get activation solution in temperature;

(3) activation solution is put into the good fertilizer of pre-treatment, stir, pile up in heaps then, the high control of heap in summer is between 0.5～0.8 meter, treat between 0.8～1.2 meter of winter that temperature is raised to 50 ℃ (winter temperature is raised to 55 ℃) and begins a turning when above, when the heap temperature reaches more than 65 ℃, turning need be carried out later on, the state that becomes thoroughly decomposed substantially can be reached in 15～20 days.

(4) plant-growth regulator, 55 parts of Seed of Chinese Soapberry exospers, 5 parts of Root of Pubescent Holly, 1 part of Stellera chamaejasme L., 5 parts of hops, 25 parts in Chinese prickly ash, 25 parts of ginkgo kind skins, 26 parts of Fructus Cnidiis, 17 parts of Cortex Meliaees, 16 parts of Rangooncreeper Fruit, 1 part in Turkey-galls, 5 parts of matrines, inorganic fertilizer and tackiness agent add water mixing and stirring then respectively in proportion; And then mix with material that step (3) makes, stir;

(5) bacillus polymyxa is joined in the above-mentioned material, through fluidized-bed oven dry, temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 80 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 50-60 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.

Embodiment 2

A kind of special-purpose fertilizer of polynary microorganism of preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: 0.6 part of bacillus polymyxa, 0.4 part of fertilizer starter, 110 parts of fertilizers, 0.8 part of plant-growth regulator, 3 parts in tackiness agent, 60 parts of Seed of Chinese Soapberry exospers, 15 parts of Root of Pubescent Holly, 15 parts of Stellera chamaejasme L.s, 10 parts of hops, 30 parts in Chinese prickly ash, 30 parts of ginkgo kind skins, 30 parts of Fructus Cnidiis, 30 parts of Cortex Meliaees, 25 parts of Rangooncreeper Fruit, 15 parts in Turkey-galls, 10 parts of matrines, 60 parts of inorganic fertilizers.

Described fertilizer is that the pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, the Oletum Columba livia that become thoroughly decomposed mix with the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2.

Described plant-growth regulator is that ethrel pulvis, paclobutrazol pulvis, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins pulvis mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:2.

Described tackiness agent is with the mixture of 1:1 mixed in sodium alginate or the wilkinite.

Described inorganic fertilizer is that urea, diammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, ferrous sulfate mix with the weight ratio of 7:5:2:3.

The preparation method is with embodiment 1.

In the potato planting base, two processing are set, each handles three repetitions, each residential quarter 120m ², potato is unified plantation, outdoor cropping, unified management; The polynary fertilizer of using polynary microorganism special use fertilizer of the present invention and the production of the fertile industry of Qufu City Jin Shili science and technology company limited with 45kg/ mu usage quantity respectively (contrasts 1, its total nutrient 〉=45%, N-P-K is 28-6-6), both rates of fertilizer application are identical, in vegetative period it is carried out field investigation, situations such as the growth of investigation potato and soft rot generation, and its output of results back survey, comparative result sees Table 1:

The polynary microbial fertilizer of table 1 the present invention preparation and contrast 1 are relatively

	Soft rot reduction (%)	Output increment (%)	Soil probiotics increment (%)
				Embodiment 1	59	21	40
Embodiment 2	64	22	42

The result shows, the special-purpose fertilizer of the polynary microorganism of the control bacterial soft rot of potato of the present invention's preparation can make the soft rot sickness rate of potato reduce greatly, bacterium and the fungal disease of leaf portion are obviously reduced, plant strain growth is more vigorous, the output of potato is greatly enhanced, quality also improves, and the probiotic bacterium in the soil also increases, and the situation of soil is greatly improved.Test-results shows that seed dressing of the present invention back seedling rate on average reaches 82.3%,

Of the present invention through the field simultaneous test, all obtain positive effect, mainly show as follows: contain and enrich organic matter and humic acid, can improve Soil structure, vegetable soil promotes soil to build up fertility.With other fertilizer ratio such as nutrient such as grade, crop yield 21%.Formulation and the nutrition of coordination crop absorption stimulate and the regulation and control plant growth, reduce or the reduction crop pest, influence crop quality.Need not or reduce fertilizer amount, be beneficial to the protection environment

The above only is embodiments of the invention; be not so limit claim of the present invention; every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a polynary microorganism that prevents and treats bacterial soft rot of potato is special-purpose fertile, it is characterized in that its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus polymyxa 0.4-0.6 part, fertilizer starter 0.2-0.4 part, fertilizer 90-110 part, plant-growth regulator 0.5-0.8 part, tackiness agent 1-3 part, inorganic fertilizer 30-60 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, matrine 5-10 part.

2. a kind of special-purpose fertilizer of polynary microorganism of preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato according to claim 1 is characterized in that described fertilizer is that the pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, the Oletum Columba livia that become thoroughly decomposed mix with the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2.

3. a kind of polynary microorganism that prevents and treats bacterial soft rot of potato according to claim 1 is special-purpose fertile, it is characterized in that, described plant-growth regulator is that ethrel pulvis, paclobutrazol pulvis, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins pulvis mix with the weight ratio of 1:1:2.

4. a kind of special-purpose fertilizer of polynary microorganism of preventing and treating bacterial soft rot of potato according to claim 1 is characterized in that described tackiness agent is a kind of or the two mixture with any mixed in sodium alginate or the wilkinite.

5. a kind of polynary microorganism that prevents and treats bacterial soft rot of potato according to claim 1 is special-purpose fertile, it is characterized in that, described inorganic fertilizer is that urea, diammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, ferrous sulfate mix with the weight ratio of 5-7:4-5:1-3:1-3.

6. according to any described a kind of special-purpose fertile preparation method of polynary microorganism who prevents and treats bacterial soft rot of potato of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

(1) pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, Oletum Columba livia are stirred with the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed that the volume ratio of 4:4:3:2 mixes ,The adjustment water content is 55%-65%;

(2) the fertilizer starter is joined in the pure water, the weight ratio of fertilizer starter and water is 1-2:50, after stirring, is to place after 6-10 hour under 20-30 ℃ the temperature namely to get activation solution in temperature;

(3) activation solution is put into the good fertilizer of pre-treatment, stir, pile up in heaps then, the high control of heap in summer is between 0.5～0.8 meter, treat between 0.8～1.2 meter of winter that temperature is raised to 50 ℃ (winter temperature is raised to 55 ℃) and begins a turning when above, when the heap temperature reaches more than 65 ℃, turning need be carried out later on, the state that becomes thoroughly decomposed substantially can be reached in 15～20 days.

7.(4) plant-growth regulator, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, inorganic fertilizer and tackiness agent add the water mixing and stirring respectively according to the above ratio; And then mix with material that step (3) makes, stir;

(5) bacillus polymyxa is joined in the above-mentioned material, through fluidized-bed oven dry, temperature control is at 80 ℃ below the degree, and water content is controlled in the 10-15% scope, crushing screening, and fineness reaches 80 orders; Send into the cylinder tablets press after crushed with travelling belt then, uperize makes material be heated to 50-60 ℃ in cylinder, moves by not stall of cylinder and makes the material balling-up; Then drying roller is sent in balling-up, the input hot-air seasoning cools off, screening, canned one-tenth finished product again.