CN103155780A - Peanut high-yield cultivation method in coastal heavy saline-alkali land - Google Patents
Peanut high-yield cultivation method in coastal heavy saline-alkali land Download PDFInfo
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- CN103155780A CN103155780A CN2013101165295A CN201310116529A CN103155780A CN 103155780 A CN103155780 A CN 103155780A CN 2013101165295 A CN2013101165295 A CN 2013101165295A CN 201310116529 A CN201310116529 A CN 201310116529A CN 103155780 A CN103155780 A CN 103155780A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production, in particular to a peanut high-yield cultivation method in a coastal heavy saline-alkali land. The technological means series of ditching, field raising, basin irrigation, organic fertilizer increasing, ridging, laminating, sowing, under-film drip irrigation and the like are adopted in the coastal heavy saline-alkali land to achieve high peanut yield in the coastal heavy saline-alkali land. The peanut high-yield cultivation method in the coastal heavy saline-alkali land has the advantages that an underground water level is lowered through the ditching and the field raising, salt in soil is eluted through the basin irrigation, soil fertility and microflora can be increased through the organic fertilizer increasing, and the slat in a ridge can be further eluted, evaporation can be reduced and the surface gathering property of the salt can be eliminated through the ridging, the laminating and the under-film drip irrigation. Accordingly, the peanut high yield in the coastal heavy saline-alkali land is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural production technologies, specifically a kind of heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore high yield cultivation method of peanut.
Background technology
The saline land is huge potential resource, and developing the saline land is to bring more land under cultivation, and further develops one of important measures of agricultural production.Approximately there are 1,500,000,000 mu of various saline soil in China, accounts for 26.3% of world's saline soil area, and strand and saline land, hinterland area are larger, and most of saline land all is in state to be developed always.Particularly the heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore subterranean water level is high, soil salt is high, soil compaction, soil fertility is low, gas permeability is poor, is difficult to produce various economic crops.Peanut is the main oil crop of China and economic crops, along with the increase of population, and the increase of demand, the continuous decline of arable area, grain and oil are striven the ground contradiction, and how the production of development and utilization saline land development peanut has great importance.But emerge lowly due to saline land cultivation peanut, the peanut plant undergrowth after emerging is difficult to obtain high yield.At present still do not solve the technical barrier of saline land peanut cultivation, yet there are no disclosing of saline land cultivation peanut technical scheme.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore high yield cultivation method of peanut.Adopt the trench digging raised fields at heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore, basin irrigation, a series of technological means such as applying organic manure, ridging, overlay film, sowing, under-film drip irrigation, solve the problem that the heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore peanut cultivation is emerged difficulty, hypoevolutism, yielded poorly, realize heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore peanut high yield, high-quality, efficient.
The method of the invention comprises the following steps: the trench digging raised fields, basin irrigation, applying organic manure, ridging, overlay film, sowing, under-film drip irrigation.
The method of the invention comprises the following steps specifically:
(a) trench digging raised fields: every salt discharge ditch of 10-30 m excavation, furrow width 3-5 m makes raised fields top and bottom of trench relative relief reach 1.5-2 m with smooth heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore;
(b) basin irrigation: at raised fields face surrounding box dam, irrigate raised fields with fresh water, irrigation volume is depth of water 60-300 mm;
(c) applying organic manure: when the raised fields surface basin irrigation ooze under the moisture nature after, spread fertilizer over the fields well-rotted farmyard manure on the raised fields surface;
(d) ridging: rotary tillage after fertilising, ridging, the high 10-12 cm in ridge, ridge face width 55-60 cm;
(e) overlay film: in the time of ridging, adopt plastic film to cover the surface, ridge, and lay the irrigate band under film;
(f) sowing: in cultivation sowing season, adopt card punch to punch on the ridge, with peanut seeding to the ridge, every ridge planting 2 row, line space 30-35cm, after planting in time earthing seals planting hole;
(g) under-film drip irrigation: utilize the irrigate band row under-film drip irrigation of having laid within whole breeding time during the soil lack of water.
On the basis of technique scheme, adopt the field management pattern consistent with the traditional cultivation method.
Adopt the method for the invention, compare with traditional bare area cultivation method, simple covering cultivation method, traditional bare area cultivation method can not obtain output on heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore, than simple covering cultivation method volume increase 304.5%-328.0%.Cultivation method provided by the invention has been realized the efficient utilization of heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore and peanut high yield, high-quality, unified efficiently.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 basins irrigation field arrangement structural representation in period;
Fig. 2 is peanut growth phase field arrangement structural representation.
In figure: 1 is raised fields, and 2 are the salt discharge ditch, and 3 is box dam, and 4 is fresh water, and 5 are washing water in the salt discharge ditch, and 6 is the ridge, and 7 is plastic film, and 8 is the irrigate band, and 9 is the peanut seedling.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
(a) trench digging raised fields: every salt discharge ditch 2 of 15 m excavations, furrow width 3 m make raised fields 1 top and bottom of trench relative relief reach 1.5 m with smooth heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore;
(b) basin irrigation: at raised fields face surrounding box dam 3, irrigate raised fields 1 with fresh water 4, irrigation volume is 150 mm;
(c) applying organic manure: when raised fields 1 surface basin irrigation ooze under the moisture nature after, spread fertilizer over the fields well-rotted farmyard manure on raised fields 1 surface;
(d) ridging: rotary tillage after fertilising, ridging 6, high 10 cm in ridge, ridge face width 58 cm;
(e) overlay film: in the time of ridging, adopt plastic film 7 to cover 6 surfaces, ridge, and lay irrigate band 8 under film;
(f) sowing: on May 2nd, 2011, adopt card punch punch on ridge 6, with peanut seeding to ridge 6, every ridge planting 2 row, line space 30cm, after planting timely earthing seals planting hole;
(g) under-film drip irrigation: utilize during the soil lack of water irrigate band 8 of having laid to carry out under-film drip irrigation within whole breeding time.
On the basis of technique scheme, adopt the field management pattern consistent with the traditional cultivation method.
Beneficial effect of the present invention can further embody by lower column data.
Table 1 adopts different culture technique heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore peanut emergence rates and output
| Culture technique | Emergence rate (%) | Output (t/hm 2） |
| Tradition bare area culture technique | 0.0 | 0.00 |
| Simple covering cultivation method | 16.7 | 0.88 |
| Cultivation method of the present invention | 97.2 | 3.56 |
Embodiment 2:
(a) trench digging raised fields: every salt discharge ditch 2 of 20 m excavations, furrow width 5 m make raised fields 1 top and bottom of trench relative relief reach 2 m with smooth heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore;
(b) basin irrigation: at raised fields face surrounding box dam 3, irrigate raised fields 1 with fresh water 4, irrigation volume is 200 mm;
(c) applying organic manure: when raised fields 1 surface basin irrigation ooze under the moisture nature after, spread fertilizer over the fields well-rotted farmyard manure on raised fields 1 surface;
(d) ridging: rotary tillage after fertilising, ridging 6, high 12 cm in ridge, ridge face width 60 cm;
(e) overlay film: in the time of ridging, adopt plastic film 7 to cover 6 surfaces, ridge, and lay irrigate band 8 under film;
(f) sowing: on May 4th, 2012, adopt card punch punch on ridge 6, with peanut seeding to ridge 6, every ridge planting 2 row, line space 32cm, after planting timely earthing seals planting hole;
(g) under-film drip irrigation: utilize during the soil lack of water irrigate band 8 of having laid to carry out under-film drip irrigation within whole breeding time.
On the basis of technique scheme, adopt the field management pattern consistent with the traditional cultivation method.
Beneficial effect of the present invention can further embody by lower column data.
Table 2 adopts different culture technique heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore peanut emergence rates and output
| Culture technique | Emergence rate (%) | Output (t/hm 2） |
| Tradition bare area culture technique | 0.0 | 0.00 |
| Simple covering cultivation method | 20.2 | 0. 93 |
| Cultivation method of the present invention | 98.8 | 3.98 |
By above data as can be known, adopt cultivation method of the present invention, can the utmost point significantly improve emergence rate and the output of peanut.Adopt traditional bare area culture technique almost can not obtain output at heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore cultivation peanut, adopt cultivation method of the present invention to increase production 304.5%-328.0% at heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore cultivation peanut than simple covering cultivation method.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in: can lowering of watertable by the trench digging raised fields, obtain drip washing by basining irrigation the salinity that can make in soil, can increase soil fertility and microbiologic population by applying organic manure, can make the further drip washing of salinity on the ridge, reduce evaporation, eliminate the poly-property of table of salinity by ridging, overlay film, under-film drip irrigation, thereby realize at heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore peanut high yield.
Claims (1)
1. heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore high yield cultivation method of peanut comprises the following steps:
(a) trench digging raised fields: every salt discharge ditch of 10-30 m excavation, furrow width 3-5 m makes raised fields top and bottom of trench relative relief reach 1.5-2 m with smooth heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore;
(b) basin irrigation: at raised fields face surrounding box dam, irrigate raised fields with fresh water, irrigation volume is depth of water 60-300 mm;
(c) applying organic manure: when the raised fields surface basin irrigation ooze under the moisture nature after, spread fertilizer over the fields well-rotted farmyard manure on the raised fields surface;
(d) ridging: rotary tillage after fertilising, ridging, the high 10-12 cm in ridge, ridge face width 55-60 cm;
(e) overlay film: in the time of ridging, adopt plastic film to cover the surface, ridge, and lay the irrigate band under film;
(f) sowing: in cultivation sowing season, adopt card punch to punch on the ridge, with peanut seeding to the ridge, every ridge planting 2 row, line space 30-35cm, after planting in time earthing seals planting hole;
(g) under-film drip irrigation: utilize the irrigate band row under-film drip irrigation of having laid within whole breeding time during the soil lack of water.
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| CN201310116529.5A CN103155780B (en) | 2013-04-06 | 2013-04-06 | Peanut high-yield cultivation method in coastal heavy saline-alkali land |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103299815A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-18 | 山东省花生研究所 | High-yield method for cultivating peanuts in saline-alkali land |
| CN103875405A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-25 | 山东省花生研究所 | Ridge planting film mulching planting method for increasing yield of peanuts in saline and alkaline land |
| CN103875404A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-25 | 山东省花生研究所 | Convention planting film mulching planting method for increasing yield of peanuts in saline and alkaline land |
| CN104160810A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-11-26 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Sowing method for traditional Chinese medicines in saline and alkaline land |
| CN104770097A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-15 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Original soil improvement and afforestation method for coastal heavy saline soil based on material mixing |
| CN105230306A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-13 | 山东省花生研究所 | High-yield water-saving cultivation method for drip irrigation under plastic film of peanuts |
| CN105684589A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-06-22 | 宁夏林业研究所股份有限公司 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil by means of tree branches |
| CN106342436A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for controlling salt up-going and soil surface accumulation of secondary salinization land |
| CN106358486A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Salt-avoiding cultivation method of irrigation area of Yellow River |
| CN106385845A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Root irrigation water-saving cultivation method for plants in secondary saline-alkali land |
| CN107087488A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-25 | 贵州务川八爷农场有限公司 | Implantation methods for wormwood |
| CN111034574A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-04-21 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Saline-alkali-tolerant peanut seedling stage management method for desertification region |
| CN113951076A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-01-21 | 柳延涛 | Method for improving yield of peanuts planted in saline-alkali soil |
| CN114303850A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-12 | 广西健美乐食品有限公司 | High-yield low-fertilizer peanut planting method |
| CN114568238A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2022-06-03 | 山东省花生研究所 | Cotton-oil intercropping seeding method and planting method for high yield of peanuts/cotton in saline-alkali soil |
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Cited By (20)
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| CN103299815B (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2016-05-04 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of salt-soda soil high yield cultivation method of peanut |
| CN103299815A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-18 | 山东省花生研究所 | High-yield method for cultivating peanuts in saline-alkali land |
| CN103875405A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-25 | 山东省花生研究所 | Ridge planting film mulching planting method for increasing yield of peanuts in saline and alkaline land |
| CN103875404A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-25 | 山东省花生研究所 | Convention planting film mulching planting method for increasing yield of peanuts in saline and alkaline land |
| CN103875405B (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2016-03-30 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of ridge culture film-covering planting mode improving saline land peanut yield |
| CN103875404B (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2016-09-07 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of the flat of salt-soda soil peanut yield that improve makees film-covering planting mode |
| CN104160810A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-11-26 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Sowing method for traditional Chinese medicines in saline and alkaline land |
| CN104770097A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-15 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Original soil improvement and afforestation method for coastal heavy saline soil based on material mixing |
| CN105230306B (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-12-28 | 山东省花生研究所 | One cultivates peanut under-film drip irrigation high yield water-saving cultivation method |
| CN105230306A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-13 | 山东省花生研究所 | High-yield water-saving cultivation method for drip irrigation under plastic film of peanuts |
| CN105684589A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-06-22 | 宁夏林业研究所股份有限公司 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil by means of tree branches |
| CN106342436A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for controlling salt up-going and soil surface accumulation of secondary salinization land |
| CN106385845A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Root irrigation water-saving cultivation method for plants in secondary saline-alkali land |
| CN106358486A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Salt-avoiding cultivation method of irrigation area of Yellow River |
| CN114568238A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2022-06-03 | 山东省花生研究所 | Cotton-oil intercropping seeding method and planting method for high yield of peanuts/cotton in saline-alkali soil |
| CN107087488A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-25 | 贵州务川八爷农场有限公司 | Implantation methods for wormwood |
| CN111034574A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-04-21 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Saline-alkali-tolerant peanut seedling stage management method for desertification region |
| CN113951076A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-01-21 | 柳延涛 | Method for improving yield of peanuts planted in saline-alkali soil |
| CN113951076B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-11-11 | 柳延涛 | Method for improving yield of peanuts planted in saline-alkali soil |
| CN114303850A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-12 | 广西健美乐食品有限公司 | High-yield low-fertilizer peanut planting method |
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