CN101946573A - Method for ameliorating saline and alkaline land - Google Patents
Method for ameliorating saline and alkaline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN101946573A CN101946573A CN 201010256362 CN201010256362A CN101946573A CN 101946573 A CN101946573 A CN 101946573A CN 201010256362 CN201010256362 CN 201010256362 CN 201010256362 A CN201010256362 A CN 201010256362A CN 101946573 A CN101946573 A CN 101946573A
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241001131796 Botaurus stellaris Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005442 atmospheric precipitation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for ameliorating a saline and alkaline land, in particular to a method for ameliorating a saline and alkaline land with heavily adhesive soil, which comprises: building raised fields to form a pattern of alternately distributed raised fields and shallow pools; preparing a raised field 1 to make a slope with two inclined sides, applying crushed straw and fermented cow dung on the surfaces of the raised fields, deeply plowing and raking the raised fields flat, wherein the vertical structure of each raised field comprises a bottom water isolating layer, bottom discharge pipes, a top water isolating layer and ridges from bottom up; and pilling sea ice or saline ice in the shallow pools on the surfaces of the raised fields, covering non-woven fabrics or crop straw on the surface of ice piles, and fixing covering materials on the surfaces of the raised fields. The method has the characteristics of high rate of desalination, soil fertility improvement, drought resistance and soil moisture conservation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of saline and alkali land improvement method, particularly relate to the improvement method in a kind of heavy clay loam saline land.
Background technology
Northern China coastal region saline land mainly is distributed in Bohai Rim, comprises the Huanghe delta of Laizhou Wan bank, the sediment of Bohai Sea Gulf bank, the alluvial plain, downstream, the Liaohe River of Liaodong Wan bank.These areas are subjected to the influence of seawater, and subterranean water level height, salinity are strong, and soil salt content can reach 1%-3%, as not transforming, and some salt-tolerant plants of can only growing, fluffy etc. as reed, alkali, can't be utilized by agricultural or forestry.
Through long-term production practice, the experience of China's accumulating and enriching aspect alkaline land improvement, the major technology measure has raised fields, improves the soil, draining, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching etc.Raised fields be meant from around the bed hedgehopping ground of cutting the earth, form the high platform of ribbon, thereby drain the water away, lowering of watertable, alleviate the soil salt accumulation; Improving the soil is meant displacement soil moved in to improve the original or applying organic manure, improves the physical property in saline land, plays the effect that presses down salt, pouring salt, presses alkali and increase soil fertility; Draining is meant drainage trenching, discharges the surface water, perhaps buries underground hidden pipe underground, discharges underground water; The desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is meant fresh water is poured onto in the ground, forms the water layer of certain depth on ground, and the salinity in the soil is fully dissolved, drain from the drain ditch the water seepage that has dissolved soil salt again, thus the salt content of reduction soil.But because China's saline land type complexity, improvement work is very difficult, and above-mentioned these technical measures are not to receive good effect.
In recent years, the method of building raised fields and hidden pipe row alkali has obtained good effect in the alkaline land improvement of area, the Huanghe delta, this mainly is because the saline soil silt content of the Huanghe delta is higher, oozes comparatively fast under the back of pouring water, and contains salinity in the soil and is taken away by irrigation water easily; And this area's river density is big, has more freshwater resources to can be used for irrigating the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching.And for the heavy clay loam saline land of Bohai Sea Gulf and Liaodong Wan bank, soil sticking heavy (mud matter), harden, bad hydraulic permeability, the surface water resources scarcity that can be used for the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, arid in spring soil evaporation power short of rain is strong, reasons such as the few and instability of atmospheric precipitation amount make traditional raised fields, pour water, method such as hidden pipe is difficult to receive desirable alkaline land improving effect.
Want to improve the improved effect in heavy clay loam saline land, must solve following technical problem:
1. cut-out or minimizing underground water (bitter) are to the influence of soil;
2. seek the fresh water that can be used for the soil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, and promote irrigation effect;
3. discharge the moisture of inside soil body;
4. suppress soil evaporation, reduce the enrichment of soil hollow billet soil salt.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve above-mentioned technical barrier, a kind of high desalination rate is provided, increases soil fertility, the saline and alkali land improvement method of drought-relief.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of carrying out the saline land icing desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching with raised fields.
The inventive method is as follows:
Shoveling is repaiied the pond and is built raised fields, forms the general layout that raised fields and shallow pond distribute alternately; With raised fields be trimmed to both sides tilt domatic, on domatic, lay layer of plastic film or fluid-tight nonwoven, above plastic film or nonwoven, lay webbed closed drain, and stretch out outside the raised fields, mound is placed on the closed drain, form trapezoidal raised fields, repair an inclined plane on the mound surface, and on the inclined plane, lay one deck crops straw, and stretch out outside the raised fields, above the crops straw layer, stack soil, form raised fields, and around raised fields, repaiied the low bank of earth between fields.Wherein, the degree of depth in shallow pond will be lower than groundwater level, and the crops straw layer should be on the raised fields surface below 30 centimetres.
Stalk of pulverizing and the cow dung that ferments are applied above-mentioned raised fields surface, deep plough, and raised fields is raked; Salt water embacle in sea ice or the shallow pond is placed on the raised fields surface, then at embacle surface coverage nonwoven or crops straw, and fixedly covering on the raised fields surface.
A kind of saline and alkali land improvement method that the present invention is concrete comprises following flow process:
Shoveling is repaiied the pond and is built raised fields (1), forms the general layout that raised fields (1) and shallow pond (2) distribute alternately; With raised fields (1) be trimmed to both sides tilt domatic, on domatic, lay one deck bottom water barrier, above the water barrier of bottom, lay the bottom discharge pipe, and stretch out outside the raised fields (1), mound is placed on the bottom discharge pipe, form trapezoidal raised fields, repair an inclined plane on the mound surface, and on the inclined plane, lay one deck top water barrier, and stretch out outside the raised fields, above the water barrier of top, stack soil, form raised fields, and around raised fields, repaiied the low bank of earth between fields (6); Stalk of pulverizing and the cow dung that ferments are applied above-mentioned raised fields surface, deep plough, and raised fields is raked; Salt water in sea ice or shallow pond ice (7) is deposited in the raised fields surface, then at embacle surface coverage nonwoven or crops straw (8), and fixedly covering on the raised fields surface;
Raised fields width of the present invention is 30-50 rice, highly is 1.3-1.8 rice that the degree of depth in shallow pond is lower than groundwater level, water barrier, bottom discharge pipe bottom the raised fields vertical stratification is divided into from bottom to top, the top water barrier and the low bank of earth between fields (6);
Bottom of the present invention water barrier is plastic film 3 or fluid-tight nonwoven, and water barrier is high, the low heeling condition in both sides in the middle of the raised fields bottom is, and the relative relief between centre and the both sides is 0-40 centimetre;
Bottom discharge pipe of the present invention constitutes by being responsible for the drainage system that (4-1) and arm (4-2) are interconnected and are constituted in the raised fields bottom, drainpipe diameter 90-120 millimeter, tube wall has the infiltration hole, drainpipe is laid on the top of bottom water barrier, the person in charge (4-1) is yi word pattern along the raised fields length direction and arranges, and the outlet of both sides will be stretched out outside 0.5 meter of raised fields; One end of arm (4-2) is connected with the person in charge in the middle of raised fields, and the other end is splayed to shallow pond, both sides respectively along the raised fields width and arranges, and stretches out outside 0.3 meter of raised fields, and the spacing that arm is laid is a 8-10 rice;
Closed drain of the present invention (4-1), (4-2) are the PVC double-wall corrugated pipes;
Top of the present invention water barrier is crops straw (5), crops straw (5) from raised fields bottom upwards (1) rice crops straw (5) forward spread out successively, laying depth is (4-6) centimetre, and is surperficial below 30 centimetres at raised fields; High, the low heeling condition in both sides in the middle of crops straw (5) is on raised fields top, the relative relief between centre and the both sides is 0-40 centimetre, and outside 10 centimetres of raised fields is stretched out in the outer end of crops straw or reed rod;
Salt water ice (7) size in sea ice of the present invention or the shallow pond is 10-20 centimetre, and heap ice thickness degree is 50-60 centimetre;
The cladding thickness of nonwoven of the present invention or crops straw (8) is not less than 10 centimetres, and the nonwoven specification is a 100-130 gram/square meter, and color is dark.
In the winter time, because the bittern born of the same parents salinity in sea ice and the salt water ice is very high, under general cryogenic conditions, still can not freeze for liquid, bittern born of the same parents gravitate can be discharged from from the ice body bottom, meeting be oozed down gradually and be discharged raised fields by drainage blanket in the raised fields or closed drain after it enters raised fields soil, remaining fresh water ice crystal then slowly melts along with the rise of temperature, formed fresh water can infiltrate raised fields soil lentamente, these fresh water can dissolve a part of soil salt and be discharged raised fields by drainage blanket or closed drain etc. in infitration process, can play to drench and melt the effect that the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is improved the soil; In spring, the nonwoven of raised fields surface coverage or crops straw can reduce soil water evaporation, the built-in stalk layer in raised fields top can intercept the motion of raised fields bottom soil capillary water to raised fields top, both combinations can suppress soil capillary water and rise the soil salt brought to the upper soll layer enrichment, can also play the effect of soil moisture conservation drought resisting.In summer and autumn, rainwater enters raised fields soil and to the deep subsoil infiltration, rainwater can dissolve a part of soil salt and be discharged raised fields by drainage blanket or closed drain etc. in infitration process, melt the effect that the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is improved the soil thereby play to drench.This raised fields, shallow pond, water proof, draining, icing, the combination of multiple measures such as temperature control soil moisture conservation, can intercept underground bitter, discharge soil gravitational water, suppress soil capillary water, reduce soil water evaporation, and by sea ice and the slowly thawing of salt water ice, the process of oozing down gradually, in conjunction with soil organisms ameliorative measure (applying stalk or compost), drip washing is also discharged soil salt, play the icing desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching in winter, spring, salt was pressed in soil moisture conservation, the effect of summer autumn rain washing salt, make coastal region can make full use of seawater to greatest extent, salt water, natural resourcess such as rainwater are implemented in the alkaline land improving purpose that does not have under the fresh water irrigation conditions of the face of land.
The present invention has following characteristics:
1. cut off or intercepted getting in touch between underground bitter and the raised fields soil, make the salinity in the raised fields soil lose supply, no longer increase;
2. because the degree of depth in shallow pond has been lower than subterranean water level (bitter), the water that flows out in underground water and rainwater and the raised fields can import shallow pond, is formed with the water body of certain depth (about 1.0-1.3 rice).Provide the water source for irrigating the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching;
The rainwater or the irrigation water that 3. will enter raised fields soil are discharged raised fields from the raised fields bottom, and rainwater or irrigation water can dissolve a part of soil salt and take it out of soil body in the decline process of raised fields soil, thereby reduce the salt content of raised fields soil;
4. accelerated the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching speed of raised fields topsoil under rainwater and irrigation water effect, reduced salinity in the raised fields deep soil to the enrichment on raised fields surface;
5. improve the physical arrangement of raised fields topsoil, strengthened the permeability of soil, improved soil fertility;
6. suit measures to local conditions to have found new water source for irrigating the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching,
7. the dense bittern in sea ice or the salt water ice still is liquid in the winter time, can be taken the lead in discharging by stalk cover layer or closed drain, and remaining ice body (fresh water) can slowly melt, frozen water can fully merge with soil salt after entering soil, and discharge the soil body gradually, it is irrigated desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching effect and will be greatly enhanced
8. suppress the soil evaporation in spring, guaranteed the irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching effect in winter, played the drought-relief effect again;
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is raised fields-shallow pool structure and icing desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching principle schematic
Wherein: 1. raised fields 2. shallow ponds 3. plastic film 4-1. closed drains are responsible for
4-2. closed drain arm 5. stalk layers 6. low banks of earth between fields
7. sea ice or salt water are iced ice cube 8. nonwoven or stalk
Fig. 2 is raised fields structure and the icing desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching schematic diagram of embodiment 1
Fig. 3 is raised fields structure and the icing desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching schematic diagram of embodiment 2
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Implement the place: 13 groups of saline-alkali wastelands in prompt friendship farm in the Huanghua City, Hebei province, soil types clay loam of attaching most importance to, the bulk density of soil is 1.40-1.68g/cm3, the soil initial salt content is at 8-9.2g/kg.
Shoveling is repaiied the pond and is built raised fields as stated above.The length and width of raised fields bottom is 41 meters * 41 meters, and the length and width at top is 37.5 meters * 37.5 meters, 1.60 meters of height; The length and width of the bottom in shallow pond is 37.5 meters * 37.5 meters, and the length and width at top is 41 meters * 41 meters, dark 1.65 meters of pond.Two insulating courses are arranged in the raised fields, and first insulating course is in the raised fields bottom, and the insulating course material is a plastic film, and second insulating course makes progress 1 meter highly from the raised fields bottom, and the insulating course material is a reed rod.Two drainage blankets are arranged in the raised fields, and the bottom discharge layer is PVC double-wall corrugated drain pipe (being laid on the plastic film), 110 millimeters of calibers, and tube wall has the infiltration hole, can discharge and infiltrate into bottom rainwater or irrigation water from raised fields top; The top drainage blanket just the reed rod of second insulating course (insulating course that reed rod constituted both can intercept deep subsoil water and move to the top layer, can also make the part of rainwater or irrigation water be gone out the raised fields soil body by transverse row along reed rod), can discharge from the raised fields surface seepage to this degree of depth rainwater or irrigation water.Repaiied the low bank of earth between fields of 50 centimetres of width, 40 centimetres of height along the raised fields edge on the raised fields surface.The raised fields build time is in October, 2008, and the raised fields structure as shown in Figure 2.
Stack sea ice on the raised fields surface 25 days-January 29 January in 2009, stacks 0.4 meter of thickness, and amounting to the water yield is 200mm, and the salt content of sea ice is about 5g/kg.Promptly be engraved in sea ice surface coverage nonwoven after heap ice finishes, the nonwoven specification is 120 gram/square meters.Sea ice begins to melt at the beginning of 2009 2 months, and all melt totally mid-February.Raised fields different depth of soil salinity is as shown in table 1, and 0-20 centimetre of soil salinity is reduced to 3.0g/kg from 8.2g/kg, and the soil salt rejection rate is 63.4%, and 20-40 centimetre of soil salinity is reduced to 5.5g/kg from 8.1g/kg, and the soil salt rejection rate is 32.1%.
Variation (the unit: g/kg) of soil salt content under the no coverage condition of table 1 raised fields heap ice
Embodiment 2:
Implement the place: 13 groups of saline-alkali wastelands in prompt friendship farm in the Huanghua City, Hebei province, soil types clay loam of attaching most importance to, the bulk density of soil is 1.40-1.68g/cm
3In October, 2009 raised fields soil salt content at 6-10g/kg.
The raised fields construction method is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and just (1 meter height makes progress from the raised fields bottom) lays the reed bundle that shallow pond direction is pointed at two ends on second insulating course height.Every 10-12 centimetre of reed beam diameter, length will be longer than 20 centimetres of raised fields width on this height, and each can stretch out outside 10 centimetres of raised fields thereby make its two ends.The reed bundle arranges successively along raised fields center line direction, lays 5 meters of spacings.The raised fields build time is in April, 2009, and the raised fields structure as shown in Figure 2.
Stack the salt water ice of taking from the contiguous shallow pond 1 day-January 9 January in 2010 on the raised fields surface, 0.7 meter of heap ice thickness degree, amounting to the water yield is 380mm, the salt content of salt water ice is about 3.3g/kg.Promptly be engraved in salt water ice surface coverage reed rod after heap ice finishes, the reed rod cladding thickness is 10 centimetres.In mid-February, 2010, salt water ice began to melt, and all melt totally mid-March.Raised fields different depth of soil salinity is as shown in table 2, and 0-20 centimetre of soil salinity is reduced to 1.5g/kg from 10g/kg, and the soil salt rejection rate is 85%, and 20-40 centimetre of soil salinity is reduced to 3.5g/kg from 4.5g/kg, and the soil salt rejection rate is 22.2%.
Table 2 raised fields heap ice has the variation (unit: g/kg) of soil salt content under the coverage condition
Embodiment 3
Level land, remove all foreign material on the ground, with the mid portion of raised fields along the raised fields length direction with 30-50 centimetre on soil pad, make it to form domatic to shallow pond, both sides direction slight inclination; On domatic, lay layer of plastic film or fluid-tight nonwoven 3, overlapped 15 centimetres of the seam crossing of film or nonwoven; Laying tube wall above plastic film, infiltration hole, caliber are arranged is 110 millimeters PVC double-wall corrugated pipe 4-1,4-2, bellows is divided into one and is responsible for 4-1 and Duo Gen arm 4-2, the person in charge is laid along the raised fields length direction by the highest point that soil has filled up in the middle of raised fields, be responsible for the outlet of both sides and will stretch out outside 0.5 meter of raised fields, one end of arm is connected with the person in charge in the middle of raised fields, the other end is laid to shallow pond, both sides direction respectively along the raised fields width, and stretch out outside 0.3 meter of raised fields, the spacing that arm is laid is a 8-10 rice, forms network-like; Be deposited in equably on plastic film and the PVC double-wall corrugated pipe digging the soil that takes out in shallow pond, form trapezoidal raised fields low wide and up narrow, when highly being 1.0 meters; The inclined plane of height, the shallow pond of two side direction direction in the middle of mound surface center line repairs one along the raised fields length direction, middle and both sides maximum relative altitude is 40 centimetres, and forward to lay a layer thickness on this inclined plane successively be 4-6 centimetre of crops straw 5, and crops straw 5 stretches out outside 10 centimetres of raised fields; Stacking above the crops straw layer highly is 30 centimetres of soil; With the primary table earthen backfill that separates in advance to the mound top 30 centimetres, forming highly be the raised fields of 1.5-1.7 rice, and has repaiied 50 centimetres of width, 40 centimetres the low bank of earth between fields 6 highly all around at raised fields.
Wherein, build the effect that raised fields can play relative lowering of watertable, re-lay layer of plastic film, can intercept underground water and rise to the top layer soil body by capillarity in the raised fields bottom.Imbedding closed drain in the soil body is the salt water that has in the mud matter saline soil in order to discharge as early as possible, and washing salinity by irrigation can be carried out swimmingly.
During autumn stalk of pulverizing and the cow dung that ferments are applied on the raised fields surface, sowing amount is 0.25 ton/mu of stalk, 0.5 ton/mu of cow dung compost, deep ploughs then to 30 centimetres, and raised fields is raked; After entering winter, will be deposited in the raised fields surface in sea ice (or the ice of the salt water in the shallow pond) 7 collections, the ice cube size is advisable with about 10-20 centimetre, and heap ice thickness degree is 50-60 centimetre; At embacle surface coverage nonwoven (or woven straw or crops straw or reed rod) 8, and with these coverings it is fixed on the raised fields surface, prevent to be swept, be scattered by wind.The cladding thickness of woven straw, crops straw, reed rod is not less than 10 centimetres, and the nonwoven specification is a 100-130 gram/square meter, and color is advisable with dark color, as green, yellow or black.Before spring sowing, again coverings such as woven straw or crops straw or reed rod or nonwoven were started in 3-5 days, can sow after ploughing deeply whole ground.
Wherein, the salt water ice in raised fields surface coverage sea ice or shallow pond is that its salinity only is the 1/10-1/3 of former water (seawater or face of land salt water) salinity, is roughly 3 ‰-11 ‰ because sea ice or salt water ice are made up of fresh water ice crystal and bittern born of the same parents.Moreover, among the ice body of sea ice or salt water ice, also have many slits, if sea ice or salt water ice gathered disembarkation and stack, after after a while, slit in the ice body can be strengthened gradually along with the variation of outside air temperature, (salinity can be up to 50 ‰-70 ‰ for bittern born of the same parents in the ice body, liquid, do not freeze, account for the 10%-20% of ice body volume) can under the effect of gravity, be discharged to outside the ice body along the slit, sea ice or salt water ice will be converted into fresh water by brackish water, and available its irrigated the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching to the saline land.That is to say that in the winter time sea ice or salt water ice is gathered to come up and be deposited on the saline land, these ice just can transform into the fresh water that the irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is used.At ground surface cover crop stalk, lay nonwoven or plastic film, can play the effect that suppresses soil water evaporation, reduce the loss of soil moisture, can also reduce salinity in the soil to the enrichment of the top layer soil body.
Claims (8)
1. saline and alkali land improvement method is characterized in that comprising following flow process:
Shoveling is repaiied the pond and is built raised fields (1), forms the general layout that raised fields (1) and shallow pond (2) distribute alternately; With raised fields (1) be trimmed to both sides tilt domatic, on domatic, lay one deck bottom water barrier, above the water barrier of bottom, lay the bottom discharge pipe, and stretch out outside the raised fields (1), mound is placed on the bottom discharge pipe, form trapezoidal raised fields, repair an inclined plane on the mound surface, and on the inclined plane, lay one deck top water barrier, and stretch out outside the raised fields, above the water barrier of top, stack soil, form raised fields, and around raised fields, repaiied the low bank of earth between fields (6); Stalk of pulverizing and the cow dung that ferments are applied above-mentioned raised fields surface, deep plough, and raised fields is raked; Salt water in sea ice or shallow pond ice (7) is deposited in the raised fields surface, then at embacle surface coverage nonwoven or crops straw (8), and fixedly covering on the raised fields surface.
2. saline and alkali land improvement method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the raised fields width be 30-50 rice, highly for 1.3-1.8 rice, the degree of depth in shallow pond is lower than groundwater level, and the raised fields vertical stratification is divided into bottom water barrier, bottom discharge pipe, the top water barrier and the low bank of earth between fields (6) from bottom to top.
3. saline and alkali land improvement method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the bottom water barrier is plastic film (3) or fluid-tight nonwoven, water barrier is high, the low heeling condition in both sides in the middle of the raised fields bottom is, and the relative relief between centre and the both sides is 0-40 centimetre.
4. saline and alkali land improvement method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the bottom discharge pipe constitutes by being responsible for the drainage system that (4-1) and arm (4-2) are interconnected and are constituted in the raised fields bottom, drainpipe diameter 90-120 millimeter, tube wall has the infiltration hole, drainpipe is laid on the top of bottom water barrier, the person in charge (4-1) is yi word pattern along the raised fields length direction and arranges, and the outlet of both sides will be stretched out outside 0.5 meter of raised fields; One end of arm (4-2) is connected with the person in charge in the middle of raised fields, and the other end is splayed to shallow pond, both sides respectively along the raised fields width and arranges, and stretches out outside 0.3 meter of raised fields, and the spacing that arm is laid is a 8-10 rice.
5. saline and alkali land improvement method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that closed drain (4-1), (4-2) are the PVC double-wall corrugated pipes.
6. saline and alkali land improvement method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the top water barrier is crops straw (5), crops straw (5) from raised fields bottom upwards (1) rice crops straw (5) forward spread out successively, laying depth is (4-6) centimetre, and is surperficial below 30 centimetres at raised fields; High, the low heeling condition in both sides in the middle of crops straw (5) is on raised fields top, the relative relief between centre and the both sides is 0-40 centimetre, and outside 10 centimetres of raised fields is stretched out in the outer end of crops straw or reed rod.
7. saline and alkali land improvement method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that salt water ice (7) size in sea ice or the shallow pond is 10-20 centimetre, and heap ice thickness degree is 50-60 centimetre.
8. saline and alkali land improvement method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the cladding thickness of nonwoven or crops straw (8) is not less than 10 centimetres, and the nonwoven specification is a 100-130 gram/square meter, and color is dark.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102563629A CN101946573B (en) | 2010-08-17 | 2010-08-17 | Method for ameliorating saline and alkaline land |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102563629A CN101946573B (en) | 2010-08-17 | 2010-08-17 | Method for ameliorating saline and alkaline land |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101946573A true CN101946573A (en) | 2011-01-19 |
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| CN102405746A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-04-11 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Planting method of sweet sorghum in coastal server saline-alkali soil |
| CN102498779A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-06-20 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Combined cultivation method for water and soil conservation for sloping farmlands |
| CN102612883A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-08-01 | 福建省景观园林建筑发展有限公司 | Saline discharge and alkali reduction concealed conduit device for saline-alkali soil |
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| CN103141292A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-06-12 | 北京师范大学 | Double-cropping planting method for oil sunflowers in coast heavy saline soil |
| CN103155780A (en) * | 2013-04-06 | 2013-06-19 | 青岛农业大学 | Peanut high-yield cultivation method in coastal heavy saline-alkali land |
| CN103262689A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-08-28 | 天津天一景观规划设计有限公司 | Coastal saline-alkali soil terrace type afforesting method for improvement of dredger fill |
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| CN103430654A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2013-12-11 | 天津泰达园林建设有限公司 | Method for increasing natural desalting speed of coastal dredger fill and improving soil quality |
| CN103621209A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-12 | 苏州金螳螂园林绿化景观有限公司 | Method for treating and improving saline and alkaline land |
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| CN103999739A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-08-27 | 北京师范大学 | North coastal region saline soil irrigation method and system in winter |
| CN104206065A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-12-17 | 扬州大学 | Device for improving farmland soil of coastal mud flat reclamation areas by combining short-term rapid drainage desalination with long-term control accumulation of salt, and drainage method thereof |
| CN105432178A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-03-30 | 北京碧青园园林绿化工程有限公司 | Salt elimination and construction method of seriously saline-alkali land |
| CN105432177A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-30 | 江苏津启沿海生态环境研发有限公司 | Rapid treatment method for coastal salt marsh |
| CN105684826A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-22 | 南通鑫稻育种科技有限公司 | Method applicable to saline-alkali soil planting afforestation |
| CN106105452A (en) * | 2016-07-30 | 2016-11-16 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of method using erosion-resisting hidden pipe to carry out salt discharge and the application in alkaline land improving thereof |
| CN106358479A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Open trench-concealed conduit combined water discharging and salt reducing method |
| CN106612691A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 北京师范大学 | Northern coastal saline and alkaline land rapid fertilizing method |
| JP2017100074A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-08 | 五洋建設株式会社 | Desalting method and improvement method for cohesive soil |
| CN107114152A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-09-01 | 北京师范大学 | A kind of regional shallow pond Greenhouse System of raised fields of beach salty soil and its application |
| CN107371436A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-24 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of method that severe Saline-Sodic establishes reed vegetation on the ground |
| CN107743746A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-02 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of strand hydraulic reclamation geavy salt alkali open ground vegetation fast construction method |
| CN108496453A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-07 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of salt-soda soil agricultural crop straw bilayer returning to the field modification method |
| CN108781576A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-13 | 河海大学 | A kind of beach desalination process of coupling water cycle |
| CN109618591A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-04-16 | 袁彩霞 | Ridge slope type soil improvement method |
| CN109673197A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-04-26 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of heavy salinized ground space-time divergence type three dimensional-planting-breeding method |
| CN110313262A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-11 | 浙江东润建设有限公司 | A kind of surface soil alkalinity modification method |
| CN110431949A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-12 | 张钗 | A kind of administering method in salt-soda soil |
| CN112602396A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 宁夏大学 | Saline-alkali soil salt-reducing and yield-increasing cultivation method |
| CN112673744A (en) * | 2021-01-16 | 2021-04-20 | 苏州山河水生态建设有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil greening planting method |
| CN112931120A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method for planting fenugreek in saline-alkali soil |
| CN114097549A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-01 | 衡水学院 | Efficient utilization production method of wheat field evaporation-reducing salt-inhibiting straw in saline-alkali double cropping area |
| CN116368984A (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-07-04 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for cooperatively solving water shortage and salinization of oasis irrigation in arid region |
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| CN101293253A (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2008-10-29 | 北京师范大学 | Salt eluting method for surface layer soil of alkaline land |
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| CN1765169A (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2006-05-03 | 东营金川水土环境工程有限公司 | System engineering technology for modifying alkaline land by use of pipe drainage method |
| CN101045237A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2007-10-03 | 薄学锋 | Method for improving medium or serious saline and alkaline land by the sea, and comprehensive utilization of the same |
| CN101293253A (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2008-10-29 | 北京师范大学 | Salt eluting method for surface layer soil of alkaline land |
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| CN102405746A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-04-11 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Planting method of sweet sorghum in coastal server saline-alkali soil |
| CN102498779A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-06-20 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Combined cultivation method for water and soil conservation for sloping farmlands |
| CN102498779B (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-06-19 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Combined cultivation method for water and soil conservation for sloping farmlands |
| CN102612883B (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2014-08-13 | 福建省景观园林建筑发展有限公司 | Saline discharge and alkali reduction concealed conduit device for saline-alkali soil |
| CN102612883A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-08-01 | 福建省景观园林建筑发展有限公司 | Saline discharge and alkali reduction concealed conduit device for saline-alkali soil |
| CN102939806A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-27 | 清华大学 | Method and system for desalting soil of coastal saline and alkaline land |
| CN102939806B (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2014-11-26 | 清华大学 | Method and system for desalting soil of coastal saline and alkaline land |
| CN103141292A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-06-12 | 北京师范大学 | Double-cropping planting method for oil sunflowers in coast heavy saline soil |
| CN103141292B (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2015-03-04 | 北京师范大学 | Double-cropping planting method for oil sunflowers in coast heavy saline soil |
| CN103155780A (en) * | 2013-04-06 | 2013-06-19 | 青岛农业大学 | Peanut high-yield cultivation method in coastal heavy saline-alkali land |
| CN103155780B (en) * | 2013-04-06 | 2014-09-10 | 青岛农业大学 | Peanut high-yield cultivation method in coastal heavy saline-alkali land |
| CN103270831A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-09-04 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Method for regulating and controlling sunflower water-fertilizer salt in slight alkaline land |
| CN103270831B (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2016-03-09 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A kind of slight alkaline land sunflower liquid manure salt regulate and control method |
| CN103262689A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-08-28 | 天津天一景观规划设计有限公司 | Coastal saline-alkali soil terrace type afforesting method for improvement of dredger fill |
| CN103430654A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2013-12-11 | 天津泰达园林建设有限公司 | Method for increasing natural desalting speed of coastal dredger fill and improving soil quality |
| CN103621209A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-12 | 苏州金螳螂园林绿化景观有限公司 | Method for treating and improving saline and alkaline land |
| CN103959952B (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2016-01-06 | 河海大学 | A kind of method of fast preventing soil in protected field continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN103959952A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-08-06 | 河海大学 | Method for rapidly preventing and treating successive cropping obstacles of greenhouse soil |
| CN103999739A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-08-27 | 北京师范大学 | North coastal region saline soil irrigation method and system in winter |
| CN103999739B (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-08-10 | 北京师范大学 | A kind of winter irrigation method and system in coastal region salt-soda soil, the north |
| CN105432178A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-03-30 | 北京碧青园园林绿化工程有限公司 | Salt elimination and construction method of seriously saline-alkali land |
| CN104206065A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-12-17 | 扬州大学 | Device for improving farmland soil of coastal mud flat reclamation areas by combining short-term rapid drainage desalination with long-term control accumulation of salt, and drainage method thereof |
| JP2017100074A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-08 | 五洋建設株式会社 | Desalting method and improvement method for cohesive soil |
| CN105432177A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-30 | 江苏津启沿海生态环境研发有限公司 | Rapid treatment method for coastal salt marsh |
| CN105684826A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-22 | 南通鑫稻育种科技有限公司 | Method applicable to saline-alkali soil planting afforestation |
| CN106105452A (en) * | 2016-07-30 | 2016-11-16 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of method using erosion-resisting hidden pipe to carry out salt discharge and the application in alkaline land improving thereof |
| CN106358479A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Open trench-concealed conduit combined water discharging and salt reducing method |
| CN106612691A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 北京师范大学 | Northern coastal saline and alkaline land rapid fertilizing method |
| CN107114152A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-09-01 | 北京师范大学 | A kind of regional shallow pond Greenhouse System of raised fields of beach salty soil and its application |
| CN107371436A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-24 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of method that severe Saline-Sodic establishes reed vegetation on the ground |
| CN107743746A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-02 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of strand hydraulic reclamation geavy salt alkali open ground vegetation fast construction method |
| CN108496453A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-07 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of salt-soda soil agricultural crop straw bilayer returning to the field modification method |
| CN108781576A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-13 | 河海大学 | A kind of beach desalination process of coupling water cycle |
| CN109618591A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-04-16 | 袁彩霞 | Ridge slope type soil improvement method |
| CN109673197B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2021-10-29 | 山东农业大学 | Space-time separation type three-dimensional planting and breeding method for severe saline-alkali soil |
| CN109673197A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-04-26 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of heavy salinized ground space-time divergence type three dimensional-planting-breeding method |
| CN110313262A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-11 | 浙江东润建设有限公司 | A kind of surface soil alkalinity modification method |
| CN110431949A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-12 | 张钗 | A kind of administering method in salt-soda soil |
| CN112602396A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 宁夏大学 | Saline-alkali soil salt-reducing and yield-increasing cultivation method |
| CN112673744A (en) * | 2021-01-16 | 2021-04-20 | 苏州山河水生态建设有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil greening planting method |
| CN112931120A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method for planting fenugreek in saline-alkali soil |
| CN114097549A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-01 | 衡水学院 | Efficient utilization production method of wheat field evaporation-reducing salt-inhibiting straw in saline-alkali double cropping area |
| CN114097549B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-10-04 | 衡水学院 | Efficient utilization production method of evaporation-reducing salt-inhibiting straw in wheat field of saline-alkali double cropping area |
| CN116368984A (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-07-04 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for cooperatively solving water shortage and salinization of oasis irrigation in arid region |
| CN116368984B (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-11-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for cooperatively solving water shortage and salinization of oasis irrigation in arid region |
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