CN103999739A - North coastal region saline soil irrigation method and system in winter - Google Patents
North coastal region saline soil irrigation method and system in winter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a north coastal region saline soil irrigation method and system in winter. The north coastal region saline soil irrigation method in winter comprises the following steps of 1) digging a well; 2) pumping saline groundwater from the well and storing the pumped saline groundwater through a storage reservoir; 3) freezing the pumped saline groundwater in the step 2) into ice under the natural condition; 4) covering the frozen ice blocks in the step 3) on the surface of the soil to form into an ice coating irrigation layer; 5) pumping unfrozen saline water under the ice layer in the step 4) from the storage reservoir; 6) pumping the saline groundwater from the well and storing the saline groundwater into the storage reservoir when the natural condition changes and the ice coating irrigation layer starts melting; 7) repeating the step 2) to the step 6) and achieving north coastal region saline soil irrigation in winter. The north coastal region saline soil irrigation method in winter has the advantages of fully utilizing saline water sources, reducing exploitation of deep fresh groundwater and being benefited to reduction of the underground water level and restriction of accumulation of salt in the surface deep soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to irrigation technique.More specifically, relate to a kind of irrigation method and system that is applicable to the deep soil Leaching and desalinization of northern China beach saline land.
Background technology
Soil salt is northern China coastal region main ecological limiting factor, is also to cause Eco-Environment System fragility and the low restraining factors of environmental carrying capacity, and it is the serious development that restricts agricultural growth and rural economy also.North coastal region subterranean water level is high, salinity is strong, topsoil soils salt accumulation, and agricultural irrigation freshwater resources lack.In recent years, the icing irrigation method of salt water is irrigated in improvement and has been obtained good effect in coastal region saline land, Bohai Sea Gulf.Salt water freezes and irrigates, and is referring to extract irrigation with saline water saline land, earth's surface winter, and salt water is subject to cold service to form certain thickness salt water ice sheet on surface, saline land.After strong brine melts formerly in salt water ice sheet when melt spring, brackish water is melted in, so just formed dense saline and slight saline water and melted and infiltrate.This echelon is infiltrated has fine irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching effect to marine solonchak, can keep soil moisture content, for plant growth provides suitable Soil Moisture.But it is more that this irrigation salt water icing (salt content is in 15g/L left and right) thawing enters soil salt, may raise subterranean water level and produce potential salt accumulation in soil layer, the potential salinization risk of increase soil.Also there is researcher to adopt the brackish water ice that salinity is lower to carry out alkaline land soil covering irrigation, this irrigation method has reduced salinity with respect to the icing irrigation of salt water and has entered soil, the increase thawing later stage enters soil fresh water amount, is conducive to the improvement of Soil leaching desalination and spring sowing soil moisture content.Dan Yan branch is accumulated in deep soil (60-100cm), and topsoil exists accumulation of salt in the surface soil risk.Therefore, the coastal region high in underground water salinity, water level is more shallow, if control or lowering of watertable are not combined with irrigation practice, rises no matter which kind of irrigation practice all unavoidably causes subterranean water level, deep soil salification, the topsoil accumulation of salt in the surface soil.Therefore, need a kind of irrigation method and system of new beach saline land to solve the problems referred to above.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide the irrigation method in winter in a kind of northern coastal region saline land, the method takes full advantage of salt water resources, reduce the exploitation to deep fresh groundwater, be conducive to lowering of watertable, suppressed the deep soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
Second technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide the irrigation system in winter in a kind of northern coastal region saline land.
For solving above-mentioned first technical problem, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
The irrigation method in winter in northern coastal region saline land, the method comprises the steps:
1) dig a well;
2) from well, extract saline groundwater, and with storage reservoir, accumulate the salt water of extraction;
3) the salt water glaciation under field conditions (factors) of extracting out step 2); Because be the cause of salt water, the salt solution of accumulating can freeze over, only can be in surperficial part glaciation;
4) by step 3) ice cube that is frozen into covers soil surface and forms icing and irrigate layer;
5) by step 4) in the salt water that do not freeze of ice sheet below in storage reservoir, extract out; This salt water further prior art for processing, with the present invention without relating to;
6) in natural conditions, change, when icing irrigation layer starts to melt, again from well, extract saline groundwater, and salt water is accumulated in storage reservoir; By this step, the thawing that makes icing irrigate layer does not cause subterranean water level to raise, thereby causes deep soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon; This is that subterranean water level has had reduction because again extract after salt water, and icing is irrigated the unlikely lifting subterranean water level of water after melting layer, thereby has suppressed the deep soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil;
7) repeat implementation step 2)-6), can realize the winter in northern coastal region saline land and irrigate.
Above-mentioned steps can realize the icing irrigation to soil, takes full advantage of salt water resources, has reduced the exploitation to deep fresh groundwater; And be conducive to suppress the deep soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
Preferably, if while once freezing the icing irrigation layer quantity not sufficient obtaining, repeating step 2)-5).
Preferably, step 1) degree of depth of described well is 15-20 rice, and well head diameter is 0.4-0.6 rice.
Preferably, step 2) at least 1.5 meters, salt water in described storage reservoir is dark, and the salinity of described salt water is 15-20g/L.
Preferably, step 4) ice layer thickness that described icing is irrigated layer is 40-60cm, and ice sheet salinity is 2-4g/L.In reality covers, the soil salt content of cultivating layer according to saline land arranges the different icing irrigation volumes of soil surface, and the layer thickness of cultivating in saline land is 0-40cm.
Irrigation method of the present invention, to beat pumped well on coastal region saline land, extract saline groundwater with water pump and be accumulated in storage reservoir winter, forming subterranean water level on space-time declines, get the brackish water ice freezing in storage reservoir and be covered to alkaline land soil surface, form certain thickness icing and irrigate layer, the salt water that salinity not icing in storage reservoir is higher is drained, and then from well, take out saline groundwater, further lowering of watertable, salt water in storage reservoir is frozen into brackish water ice, brackish water ice is covered to soil surface, so circulation, by lowering of watertable and the thawing in spring of brackish water ice, saline land deep soil is irrigated to the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching.
For solving above-mentioned second technical problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The irrigation system in winter in northern coastal region saline land, this system comprises pumped well, immersible pump, pipeline, storage reservoir and salt water;
The degree of depth of described pumped well is 15-20 rice, well head diameter is 0.4-0.6 rice, the borehole wall of described pumped well is fixed with marine riser and filter pipe, described marine riser and filter pipe join and perpendicular to shaft bottom, described marine riser is packed in 2 meters of following tube walls of well depth, and described filter pipe is packed in ground to 2 meters of of well depth;
Described immersible pump is placed in pumped well, by device for cleaning pipeline to storage reservoir; For the salt water of well is evacuated to storage reservoir.
Preferably, described pumped well is provided with many mouthfuls, between every mouthful of well, at a distance of 50-60 rice, presses square arrangement between described many mouthfuls of pumped wells.
At northern beach saline land, beat pumped well, pumped well is installed marine riser and filter pipe at the borehole wall, and the marine riser of locating to install at well depth below 2 meters is to prevent that deep subsoil water from infiltrating pumped well; The filter pipe of installing to underground 2 meters (being 2 meters of of well depth) from ground is for allowing 2 meters of dark above soil water infiltration pumped wells.While entering the winter, extract saline groundwater to storage reservoir, not only lowering of watertable reduces deep soil salinity, provides salt water resources for freezing to form brackish water ice winter simultaneously.Winter low temperature effect makes the salt water in storage reservoir start to freeze, and at salt water face formation thickness, is the salt water ice sheet of 10-15 centimetre, and its salinity is 2-4g/L; Brackish water ice in storage reservoir is gathered, be covered to alkaline land soil surface, formation thickness is that the icing of 40-60 centimetre is irrigated layer, for alkaline land soil irrigation in winter provides water source.In the winter time, because the bittern born of the same parents salinity in brackish water ice is very high, under general cryogenic conditions, still for liquid, can not freeze, bittern born of the same parents gravitate can be discharged from from ice body bottom remaining fresh water ice crystal.Highrank fuel salinity water enters after soil, and soil salt branch increases, and soil permeability improves.Along with spring temperature rises, fresh water ice crystal slowly melts, and the salt water from pumped well is accumulated in cistern again simultaneously, lowering of watertable; Fresh water ice crystal melts formed fresh water can infiltrate alkaline land soil lentamente, these fresh water can dissolve a part of soil salt drip washing to deep soil in infitration process, coordinate pumped well groundwater abstraction, further lowering of watertable, makes deep soil desalination again.Meanwhile, spring, fresh water entered soil, improved soil moisture content, for spring sown crop germinates and seedling growth provides good soil to desalinate and moisture condition.
Thisly dig pumped well, take out underground water, the combination of the many kinds of measures such as salt water glaciation, icing irrigation, can lowering of watertable, reduce deep soil salinity, the process that soil surface icing is irrigated, slowly melted, oozed down gradually by brackish water ice, reduce topsoil soils salinity, increase soil moisture, make coastal region can make full use of to greatest extent saline groundwater resource, realize and do not having alkaline land soil under the fresh water irrigation conditions of earth's surface to irrigate object.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, make full use of salt water resources.The present invention makes full use of the abundant saline groundwater resource in beach saline land area, reduces deep fresh groundwater is exploited;
2, make full use of the low temperature resource of northern coastal region, make the salt water in the shallow pond of retaining freeze to form brackish water ice winter, for providing alkaline land soil to irrigate, provide water source;
3, on alkaline land soil, beat pumped well, groundwater abstraction, lowering of watertable, suppresses the deep soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil;
4, extract Underground Water in Salinization Area, the underground reservoir that soars, the ice-melt water that increases icing irrigation in winter infiltrates the degree of depth of soil, makes saline land deep soil desalination;
5, a large amount of fresh water of ice-melt later stage infiltrates soil, increases soil moisture content, improves soil moisture content, for spring sown crop germinates or seedling growth provides favourable moisture condition;
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 illustrates the principle schematic of saline land of the present invention irrigation method and system;
Fig. 2 illustrates the profile of pumped well of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention, below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and drawings, the present invention is described further.Parts similar in accompanying drawing represent with identical Reference numeral.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that specifically described content is illustrative and nonrestrictive below, should not limit the scope of the invention with this.
In figure, 1 is pumped well, and 2 is immersible pump, and 3 is aqueduct, and 4 is storage reservoir, and 5 is salt water, and 6 is brackish water ice, and 7 irrigate layer for icing, and 8 is marine riser, and 9 is filter pipe.
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, coastal saline-alkali arranges pumped well 1 on the ground, while entering the winter, with immersible pump 2, connect aqueducts 3 and extract in pumped wells 1 saline groundwater to storage reservoir 4, in storage reservoir 4, salt water 5 forms and has certain thickness brackish water ice 6 under cold service in the winter time, these brackish water ice 6 are taken out and are accumulated to alkaline land soil surface, and the icing that forms 40-60cm is irrigated layer 7.
The tubing string that the borehole wall of pumped well 1 adopts marine riser 8 and filter pipe 9 to combine, is vertically mounted in the wellhole of accomplishing fluently in advance, at the bottom of pipe peupendicular hole.Marine riser is arranged on underground 2 meters of following places, and filter pipe is arranged on ground to underground 2 meters of.
In Huanghua City, Hebei province, irrigation method in winter of the present invention is tested in 13Dui saline land, prompt friendship farm, comprises the steps:
1,2012 spring, (soil salinity is 2.5g/kg) made a call to 3 pumped wells on saline-alkali wasteland, and the pumped well degree of depth is 20 meters, and well head diameter is 0.4 meter, between pumped well at a distance of 60 meters; The borehole wall adopts marine riser and filter pipe to think the tubing string of combination, is vertically mounted in the wellhole of accomplishing fluently in advance; Marine riser is arranged on underground 2 meters of following places, and filter pipe is arranged on ground to underground 2 meters of with nonwoven parcel;
While 2, entering the winter, with immersible pump continuous drawing underground water, enter to storage reservoir, the water level in pumped well is reduced to below 2 meters; In storage reservoir, form 1.7 meters of dark salt water layers, salt water salinity is 15g/L;
3, winter low temperature freezes salt water in storage reservoir, and salt water on December 20th, 2012 surface forms salt water ice sheet; During on December 30th, 2012, salt water ice thickness is 15 centimetres, and its salinity is 2.5g/L;
4, repeating step 1-3.
5, the salt water ice of multi collect storage reservoir is covered to alkaline land soil surface, and the icing that finally forms thickness and be 40 centimetres on alkaline land soil is irrigated layer;
6, in storage reservoir, extract the salt water that in step 5, does not freeze ice sheet below out processing;
7, spring natural conditions change, icing is irrigated layer while starting to melt, and again from well, extracts saline groundwater, and salt water is accumulated in storage reservoir; By this step, the thawing that makes icing irrigate layer does not cause subterranean water level to raise, thereby causes deep soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon; This is that subterranean water level has had reduction because again extract after salt water, and icing is irrigated the unlikely lifting subterranean water level of water after melting layer, thereby has suppressed the deep soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
Saline-land salt-water ice irrigate before and after each layer of soil salt and salt rejection rate as following table:
Table 1 saline land icing is irrigated the variation of lower soil moisture content and salt content
After the icing of the present invention and prior art is irrigated, saline land 0-20cm and 20-40cm layer soil salt drop to 1.50g/kg and 2.50g/kg from 3.50g/kg and 3.70g/kg respectively.Prior art icing is irrigated saline land 60-80cm and 80-100cm layer soil salt is increased, and forms deep soil salt accumulation layer, has the risk of the 0-40cm layer soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil; And icing of the present invention is irrigated rear saline land 60-80cm and 80-100cm layer soil salt all reduces, and does not form deep soil salt accumulation layer, reduce the risk of the 0-40cm layer soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
Obviously; the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described; and be not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention; for those of ordinary skill in the field; can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description; here cannot give all embodiments exhaustive, every still row in protection scope of the present invention of apparent variation that technical scheme of the present invention extends out or change that belong to.
Claims (8)
1. the irrigation method in winter in northern coastal region saline land, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1) dig a well;
2) from well, extract saline groundwater, and with storage reservoir, accumulate the salt water of extraction;
3) the salt water glaciation under field conditions (factors) of extracting out step 2);
4) by step 3) ice cube that is frozen into covers soil surface and forms icing and irrigate layer;
5) by step 4) in the salt water that do not freeze of ice sheet below in storage reservoir, extract out;
6) in natural conditions, change, when icing irrigation layer starts to melt, again from well, extract saline groundwater, and salt water is accumulated in storage reservoir;
7) repeat implementation step 2)-6), can realize the winter in northern coastal region saline land and irrigate.
2. the irrigation method in winter in northern coastal region saline land according to claim 1, is characterized in that: preferably, if when the icing that obtains of once freezing is irrigated layer quantity not sufficient, repeating step 2)-5).
3. the irrigation method in winter in northern coastal region saline land according to claim 1, is characterized in that: preferably, step 1) degree of depth of described well is 15-20 rice, well head diameter is 0.4-0.6 rice.
4. the irrigation method in winter in northern coastal region saline land according to claim 1, is characterized in that: preferably, step 2) at least 1.5 meters, salt water in described storage reservoir is dark, and the salinity of described salt water is 15-20g/L.
5. the irrigation method in winter in northern coastal region saline land according to claim 1, is characterized in that: preferably, step 4) the described icing ice layer thickness of irrigating layer is 40-60cm, ice sheet salinity is 2-4g/L.
6. the irrigation system in winter in northern coastal region saline land, is characterized in that: this system comprises pumped well (1), immersible pump (2), pipeline (3), storage reservoir (4) and salt water (5);
The degree of depth of described pumped well (1) is 15-20 rice, well head diameter is 0.4-0.6 rice, the borehole wall of described pumped well is fixed with marine riser (8) and filter pipe (9), described marine riser (8) and filter pipe (9) join and perpendicular to shaft bottom, described marine riser (8) is packed in 2 meters of following tube walls of well depth, and described filter pipe (9) is packed in ground to 2 meters of of well depth.
Described immersible pump (2) is placed in pumped well (1), by pipeline (3), leads to storage reservoir (4).
Winter according to claim 6 irrigation system, it is characterized in that: described pumped well (1) is provided with many mouthfuls, between every mouthful of well at a distance of 50-60 rice, between described many mouthfuls of pumped wells by square arrangement.
Winter according to claim 6 irrigation system, it is characterized in that: at least 1.5 meters of salt water (5) degree of depth in described storage reservoir (4), the salinity of described salt water is 15-20g/L; The ice layer thickness that described salt water is frozen into ice is 15-20cm, and ice sheet salinity is 2-4g/L.
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| CN106171094A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 莆田秀屿区群韬农业技术开发有限公司 | A kind of modification method in salt-soda soil, sea area |
| CN106665218A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-17 | 大连理工常州研究院有限公司 | Device and method for supplying water and adjusting air temperature by means of ice water morphologic changes |
| CN109205787A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-01-15 | 安徽工业大学 | Shift operation method sewage freezes purification system and purification method |
| CN110896694A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-24 | 清华大学 | Method and matched facility for preventing and treating salinization of surface soil of underground reservoir |
| CN111395253A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-10 | 河海大学 | Method for preventing reservoir salinization in coastal region by setting brackish water level |
| CN112703851A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-27 | 魏永阳 | Ecological restoration method for saline-alkali soil |
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| CN104620939B (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2017-04-05 | 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 | A kind of water-saving irrigation method of the quick Leaching and desalinization of strand barged-in fill |
| CN105756124A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-07-13 | 浙江省水利水电勘测设计院 | Bank-dam combined bowl type water distribution well |
| CN106171094A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 莆田秀屿区群韬农业技术开发有限公司 | A kind of modification method in salt-soda soil, sea area |
| CN106665218A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-17 | 大连理工常州研究院有限公司 | Device and method for supplying water and adjusting air temperature by means of ice water morphologic changes |
| CN109205787A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-01-15 | 安徽工业大学 | Shift operation method sewage freezes purification system and purification method |
| CN110896694A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-24 | 清华大学 | Method and matched facility for preventing and treating salinization of surface soil of underground reservoir |
| CN110896694B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2023-05-19 | 清华大学 | Method for preventing and controlling surface soil salinization of underground reservoir and supporting facilities |
| CN111395253A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-10 | 河海大学 | Method for preventing reservoir salinization in coastal region by setting brackish water level |
| CN111395253B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-07-09 | 河海大学 | Method for preventing reservoir salinization in coastal region by setting brackish water level |
| CN112703851A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-27 | 魏永阳 | Ecological restoration method for saline-alkali soil |
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