CN103460843B - Quick saline-alkali land desalting system method by means of concealed-tube irrigation and drainage - Google Patents
Quick saline-alkali land desalting system method by means of concealed-tube irrigation and drainage Download PDFInfo
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- CN103460843B CN103460843B CN201310382371.6A CN201310382371A CN103460843B CN 103460843 B CN103460843 B CN 103460843B CN 201310382371 A CN201310382371 A CN 201310382371A CN 103460843 B CN103460843 B CN 103460843B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of land improvement, in particular to a quick saline-alkali land desalting system method by means of concealed-tube irrigation and drainage. The method includes adopting a series of technical measures including ditching and dike enclosing, salt-drainage concealed-tube laying, irrigation concealed-tube laying, deep scarification and cracking, fresh-water basin irrigation, salt-water forced drainage, continuous irrigation and drainage, annual salt drainage and the like in heavy saline-alkali land near seashores to realize quick saline-alkali land desalting. The quick saline-alkali land desalting system method has the advantages that underground water level can be lowered through ditching and field raising, salt in the land can be washed through basin irrigation, the saline-alkali land can be desalted quickly through salt-water forced drainage, and annual salt drainage is realized and salt accumulation in the land is avoided by keeping lower water levels of salt drainage ditches, so that one-step quick desalting is realized, desalting effect is maintained for a long time, and improvement of the saline-alkali land is realized quickly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of land improvement, be specifically related to a kind of hidden pipe and fill with row saline land quick desalination systems approach.
Background technology
Saline land is huge potential resource, and developing saline land is bring more land under cultivation, one of important measures further developing agricultural production.About there are 1,500,000,000 mu of various saline soil in China, accounts for 26.3% of world's saline soil area, and strand and saline land, hinterland area are comparatively large, and most of saline land is in state to be developed all always.Particularly heavy saline-alkali area at seashore subterranean water level is high, soil salt is high, soil compaction, soil fertility are low, poor air permeability, is difficult to produce various economic crops.How making saline land quick desalination, is the technical bottleneck of alkaline land improving.In the experience on transformation salinity ground, vertical drainage, horizontal drainage have successful techniques and methods.In the sixties in last century to the nineties, the method of " shallow group wells; forced-ventilated is filled with by force " is generally adopted to carry out desalting salinized soil, the method can realize saline land quick desalination, but adopts vertical drainage need beat a large amount of vertical shaft, and arranges pumping plant, build drainage pipeline networks, not only up-front investment is high, and wants constantly draining from vertical shaft, and operational and administrative expenses is very large.Zhang Wanjun etc. disclose a kind of underground pipe salt drainage method in shallow groundwater littoral saline soil area, limit the method for embedding of hidden pipe; Peng Chengshan discloses a kind of systematic approach utilizing closed drainage to improve saline land, limits the construction method of closed drainage; Chen Rongmao etc. disclose the salt discharge of a kind of saline land and fall alkali hidden pipe device, limit hidden pipe specification and laying specification; But above-mentioned several hidden pipe salt discharge method is not the systems approach of saline land quick desalination, cannot realize saline land quick desalination.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of hidden pipe and filling with row saline land quick desalination systems approach.Adopt trench digging box dam at heavy saline-alkali area at seashore, salt discharge hidden pipe is laid, irrigate a series of technological means such as hidden pipe is laid, the broken knot of subsoiling, fresh water are basined irrigation, salt water forced-ventilated, continuous irrigation row, anniversary salt discharge, realize saline land quick desalination.
The method of the invention comprises the following steps.
(a) trench digging box dam: a salt discharge ditch is excavated every 100-200 m in smooth saline land, and furrow width 2-3 m, ditching depth 1.5-2 m, salt discharge ditch is connected with arterial drainage.Trench digging produce the earthwork at earth's surface box dam, box dam height 0.3-0.5 m.
B () salt discharge hidden pipe is laid: perpendicular to salt discharge ditch direction, and parallel laid has the salt discharge hidden pipe of infiltration micropore, lays degree of depth 1-1.5 m, Lay interval 10-50 m, and ensures and lay the degree of depth higher than bottom salt discharge ditch, and the two ends of salt discharge hidden pipe enter salt discharge ditch.
C () is irrigated hidden pipe and is laid: lay after having laid salt discharge hidden pipe and irrigate hidden pipe, lay degree of depth 0.8-1.3 m, ensures and lays the degree of depth higher than salt discharge hidden pipe, and is provided with the delivery port of irrigating hidden pipe on raised fields surface.
The broken knot of (d) subsoiling: adopt subsoiling machinery to carry out subsoiling on raised fields surface to soil, abolish soil compaction.The subsoiling degree of depth is 0.5-0.8 m, ensures that the subsoiling degree of depth lays the degree of depth higher than irrigation hidden pipe.
E () fresh water is basined irrigation: utilize the irrigation hidden pipe laid to irrigate raised fields, fresh water irrigation degree of depth 0.1-0.3 m, is no more than box dam height.
(f) salt water forced-ventilated: carrying out while fresh water basins irrigation, with sealing-plug shutoff salt discharge hidden pipe one end, the other end is connected with water pump, carries out forced-ventilated to drip washing to the salt water in salt discharge hidden pipe.Drip washing salt water enters salt discharge ditch.
G () continuous irrigation is arranged: fresh water is basined irrigation and repeatedly carried out with salt water forced-ventilated simultaneously, makes the quick drip washing of the salinity in soil, stops when soil salt is reduced to re-set target the row of filling.
H () anniversary salt discharge: after soil salt is reduced to re-set target and stops salt water forced-ventilated, dismantles water pump, opens sealing-plug, flow into salt discharge ditch after making the drip washing of soil salt nature by salt discharge hidden pipe.Ensure that the water level of salt discharge ditch is lower than salt discharge hidden pipe the anniversary.
Described salt discharge hidden pipe is tube wall is dispersed with many micropore pressure-resistant plastic bellowss, and two is connected to the long waterproof pressure-resistant plastic pipe of 2-3 m.Around tube wall, permeable filtering material is filled when salt discharge hidden pipe is laid.
Adopt the method for the invention, soil quick desalination can be made in a short time.As compared to the vertical salt discharge method such as " shallow group wells, forced-ventilated is filled with by force ", desalting effect is suitable, but up-front investment reduces, after a desalination without the need to extracting salt water for a long time, operational management cost reduces.Compared with other hidden pipe salt discharge methods disclosed, the desalination period of other hidden pipe salt discharge methods is at 3-5, and the method for the invention can quick desalination, and desalination period was at 1-3 month, and desalting effect is significantly better than additive method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that row saline land quick desalination field arrangement structural representation filled with by hidden pipe;
Fig. 2 is salt discharge hidden pipe structural representation.
In figure: 1 is raised fields, 2 is salt discharge ditch, and 3 is box dam, and 4 for irrigating hidden pipe, and 5 is delivery port, 6 is fresh water, and 7 is salt discharge hidden pipe, and 8 is sealing-plug, and 9 is water pump, and 10 is drainpipe, 11 is drip washing salt water, and 71 is band cellular plastic bellows, and 72 is pressure-resistant plastic pipe, and 73 is infiltration micropore.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1.
(a) trench digging box dam: a salt discharge ditch 2 is excavated every 100 m in smooth saline land, furrow width 2.5 m, ditching depth 1.8 m, salt discharge ditch 2 is connected with arterial drainage.Trench digging institute produces the earthwork at earth's surface box dam 3, box dam 3 highly 0.4 m.
B () salt discharge hidden pipe is laid: perpendicular to salt discharge ditch 2 direction, and parallel laid has the salt discharge hidden pipe 7 of infiltration micropore 73, and lay the degree of depth 1.2 m, Lay interval 30 m, the two ends of salt discharge hidden pipe 7 enter salt discharge ditch 2.
C () is irrigated hidden pipe and is laid: lay after having laid salt discharge hidden pipe 7 and irrigate hidden pipe 4, lay the degree of depth 1 m, be provided with delivery port 5 on raised fields 1 surface.Irrigate hidden pipe 4 to be connected with irrigation pipe network.
The broken knot of (d) subsoiling: adopt subsoiling machinery to carry out subsoiling on raised fields 1 surface to soil, the subsoiling degree of depth is 0.8 m., be beneficial to Infiltration.
E () fresh water is basined irrigation: utilize the irrigation hidden pipe 4 pairs of raised fields 1 laid to irrigate, fresh water 6 irrigates the degree of depth 0.3 m.
(f) salt water forced-ventilated: carrying out while fresh water basins irrigation, with sealing-plug 8 shutoff salt discharge hidden pipe 7 one end, the other end is connected with water pump 9, carries out forced-ventilated to drip washing to the salt water in salt discharge hidden pipe 7, accelerate the drip washing speed of salt water, drip washing salt water 11 enters salt discharge ditch 2.
G () continuous irrigation is arranged: fresh water is basined irrigation and carried out with salt water forced-ventilated simultaneously, repeatedly carries out fresh water continuously and basins irrigation and salt water forced-ventilated, make the quick drip washing of the salinity in soil, stops when soil salt is reduced to 0.15% the row of filling.
H () anniversary salt discharge: after stopping salt water forced-ventilated, dismantles water pump 9, opens sealing-plug 8, flow into salt discharge ditch 2 after making the drip washing of soil salt nature by salt discharge hidden pipe 7.Ensure that the water level of salt discharge ditch 2 is lower than salt discharge hidden pipe 7 anniversary.
Described salt discharge hidden pipe 7 is the plastic film capicitor 71 tube wall being dispersed with many micropores 73, and two is connected to the long waterproof pressure-resistant plastic pipe 72 of 2 m, and internal diameter is 100 mm.Around tube wall, permeable filtering material is filled when salt discharge hidden pipe is laid.
Described plastic film capicitor is pressure-resistant plastic pipe, and internal diameter is 150 mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention, can be embodied further by following test data.Be the heavy saline of 1.82% in initial salt content, carry out desalting effect test, 3 process are set: untreated saline land, disclosed in do not carry out basining irrigation simple hidden pipe salt discharge method, the method for the invention with forced-ventilated, after adopting the process of different technologies scheme, 0-40 cm topsoil soils salt content (%) is as shown in table 1 over time.
After table 1 adopts the process of different technologies scheme, 0-40 cm topsoil soils salt content (%) over time
| Number of days after process | 0 | 5 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 50 | 100 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 500 |
| Untreated saline land | 1.82 | 1.80 | 1.81 | 1.84 | 1.80 | 1.82 | 1.81 | 1.80 | 1.80 | 1.81 | 1.81 |
| Simple hidden pipe salt discharge method | 1.82 | 1.77 | 1.69 | 1.61 | 1.57 | 1.49 | 1.40 | 1.26 | 1.15 | 1.02 | 0.92 |
| The method of the invention | 1.82 | 1.17 | 0.76 | 0.40 | 0.29 | 0.21 | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.14 |
From above data, the method for the invention, can realize Soil Desalting in a short period of time, complete soil melioration then, the soil not accumulation of salt in the surface soil after desalination; And when not carrying out basining irrigation with forced-ventilated, the salt discharge effect of simple hidden pipe salt discharge method is slow, disclosed data show that its desalination time is 3-5.
In such scheme, specification, size, quantity all can change.A kind of embodiment that the description of above-mentioned embodiment only fills with row saline land quick desalination systems approach technical scheme as a kind of hidden pipe of the present invention proposes, not as the single restrictive condition to method, 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in: can lowering of watertable by trench digging raised fields, the salinity in soil can be made to obtain drip washing by basining irrigation, saline land quick desalination can be made by salt water forced-ventilated, realize anniversary salt discharge by keeping salt discharge ditch low water level, prevent the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil, thus realize a quick desalination, long-term maintenance, realizes alkaline land improving fast.
Claims (3)
1. a row saline land quick desalination method filled with by hidden pipe, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(a) trench digging box dam: a salt discharge ditch is excavated every 100-200 m in smooth saline land, furrow width 2-3 m, ditching depth 1.5-2 m, salt discharge ditch is connected with arterial drainage; Trench digging produce the earthwork at earth's surface box dam, box dam height 0.3-0.5 m;
B () salt discharge hidden pipe is laid: perpendicular to salt discharge ditch direction, and parallel laid has the salt discharge hidden pipe of infiltration micropore, lays degree of depth 1-1.5 m, Lay interval 10-50 m, and ensures and lay the degree of depth higher than bottom salt discharge ditch, and the two ends of salt discharge hidden pipe enter salt discharge ditch;
C () is irrigated hidden pipe and is laid: lay after having laid salt discharge hidden pipe and irrigate hidden pipe, lay degree of depth 0.8-1.3 m, ensures and lays the degree of depth higher than salt discharge hidden pipe, and is provided with the delivery port of irrigating hidden pipe on raised fields surface;
The broken knot of (d) subsoiling: adopt subsoiling machinery to carry out subsoiling on raised fields surface to soil, abolish soil compaction; The subsoiling degree of depth is 0.5-0.8 m, ensures that the subsoiling degree of depth lays the degree of depth higher than irrigation hidden pipe;
E () fresh water is basined irrigation: utilize the irrigation hidden pipe laid to irrigate raised fields, fresh water irrigation degree of depth 0.1-0.3 m, is no more than box dam height;
(f) salt water forced-ventilated: carrying out while fresh water basins irrigation, with sealing-plug shutoff salt discharge hidden pipe one end, the other end is connected with water pump, carries out forced-ventilated to drip washing to the salt water in salt discharge hidden pipe; Drip washing salt water enters salt discharge ditch;
G () continuous irrigation is arranged: fresh water is basined irrigation and repeatedly carried out with salt water forced-ventilated simultaneously, makes the quick drip washing of the salinity in soil, stops when soil salt is reduced to re-set target the row of filling.
2. method as claimed in claim 1, characterized by further comprising, and after soil salt is reduced to re-set target and stops salt water forced-ventilated, dismounting water pump, opens sealing-plug, flows into salt discharge ditch after making the drip washing of soil salt nature by salt discharge hidden pipe; Ensure that the water level of salt discharge ditch is lower than salt discharge hidden pipe the anniversary.
3. method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described salt discharge hidden pipe is tube wall is dispersed with all microporous pressure-resistant plastic bellowss, and two is connected to the long waterproof pressure-resistant plastic pipe of 2-3 m; Around tube wall, permeable filtering material is filled when salt discharge hidden pipe is laid.
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Inventor after: Wang Jianlin Inventor after: Sun Zhaopeng Inventor after: Chen Fusheng Inventor after: Yu Zhanxiang Inventor after: Yang Xinmin Inventor after: Lu Yunhui Inventor after: Qi Yong Inventor after: Wang Binbin Inventor after: He Jiubo Inventor after: Gen Min Inventor after: Fan Meijun Inventor after: Cao Yun Inventor before: Wang Jianlin Inventor before: Yang Xinmin |
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Effective date of registration: 20160824 Address after: 300384 the Binhai New Area of Tianjin Huayuan Industrial Zone, Road No. 20 Nankai main building 1508 Patentee after: TIANJIN LVYIN LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGY CONSTRUCTION CO., LTD. Address before: 266109 College of Agronomy and plant protection, Qingdao Agricultural University, Chengyang the Great Wall, Qingdao, Shandong Patentee before: Qingdao Agricultural University |