CN106342436A - Method for controlling salt up-going and soil surface accumulation of secondary salinization land - Google Patents
Method for controlling salt up-going and soil surface accumulation of secondary salinization land Download PDFInfo
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- CN106342436A CN106342436A CN201610769715.2A CN201610769715A CN106342436A CN 106342436 A CN106342436 A CN 106342436A CN 201610769715 A CN201610769715 A CN 201610769715A CN 106342436 A CN106342436 A CN 106342436A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling salt up-going and soil surface accumulation of a secondary salinization land, and belongs to the technical field of improvement of soil of saline-alkali lands. The method comprises the following steps: selecting land and burying salt discharging tubes; applying composting animal manure, sawmilling powder and desulfurized gypsum powder on earth's surface; turning over and irrigating the earth's surface of a saline-alkali land; applying a base fertilizer; trimming cofferdams, trapezoidal mounds and inverted-trapezoid-shaped furrows; forming holes and applying soil fertility fertilizers; covering the land with films; covering, seeding in a good time and irrigating; and managing the salt discharging tube. The method is simple to operate, water storage capability of soil can be improved, nutrient is maintained, loosenness of the soil is improved, hardening degree of the soil is also improved, water retention, fertilizer retention and warming are facilitated, soluble salt ions can be quickly leached below a plough layer, so that irrigation water becomes clear, and the soil and the nutrient of a surface layer cannot be alluvial easily; and by total film covering, soil salinity can be stopped from being accumulated to the surface layer of the soil, the salt ions which are leached to the deep layer of the soil cannot be transferred to the soil of the surface layer along with water, and salt soil surface accumulation of the saline-alkali land is controlled effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather, belong to alkaline land soil improving technology
Field.
Background technology
The existing 100,000,000 hectares of salt-soda soils of China, major part is distributed in the arids such as North China, northwest and northeast, semiarid zone, main
Xinjiang to be included, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, the Inner Mongol, the northeast of Shanxi Province, above-mentioned salt-soda soil hydrological geological conditions are complicated,
Belonging to Yellow River System water system, level of ground water is affected especially pronounced, level of ground water height by Yellow River System, and local beverage well typically exists more
20m, in 2m, In The Soils are solonchak and aeolian sandy soil to phreatic line, be develop in the drift-sand matrix and
The young soil becoming, soil is contained within great amount of soluble salt, and rainfall is low, whole year about average 180mm, and the sufficient evaporation of illumination is fast,
Form salt-soda soil, earth's surface forms hardening salt knot layer, and, how based on Saline-Sodic, salinity is high, alkali for the saline and alkaline type in above-mentioned salt-soda soil
Property strong, topsoil soils salinity is typically in 3～5g/kg, the up to 10g/kg having；Ph value typically 8.3～9.2, have up to
More than 10；Typically 10～30%, high reaches 50～70% to basicity, due to the more sodium ion of soil colloid absorption, leads to
Gas, water permeability are poor, and soil property glues weight, hardened, contraction earth's surface cracking when dry, miriness, tilth extreme difference when wet.
At present, to the ameliorative measure in salt-soda soil mainly based on chemical, water resources industry improved soil, agronomic measures master
Will with overlay film covering, straw-returning, applying organic manure and Salt And Alkali Tolerance crop species screening based on although there being certain effect, but
Improved effect to salt-soda soil inconspicuous, not application, saline Land not only makes the agricultural of China a large amount of
The underproduction, causes very big loss, due also to salinization and alkalization be on the rise so that tract has been increasingly becoming uselessly,
Not even a blade of grass grows, and No kernels or seeds are gathered, as in a year of scarcity, transforms salt-soda soil and improves the agricultural production amount of Saline, is important of China's agricultural development
One of business, causing soil salt table to gather in the loss of arid varieties in saline-alkali areas soil water evaporation is a weight of Pedotransfer function
Want reason, and at present about alkaline land soil research mostly be research for salt-soda soil topsoil quick desalination, great majority
The engineering measure salt discharges such as salt discharge, fresh water pressure salt are blocked and using the chemical salt discharge such as soil conditioner using hidden pipe salt discharge, underground,
These measures to the effect of salt-soda soil salt discharge, salt reduction be not it is obvious that and in the summer high temperature time, alkaline land soil moisture steams
Send out loss, cause soil salt table to gather and lead to Pedotransfer function, therefore, work out control secondary salinization of land salinity up
Table gather method to reduce Pedotransfer function, reduce salt surfactant content it is ensured that crop normal growth have more important
Meaning.
Content of the invention
The main object of the present invention is to cause soil salt table to gather to solve current alkaline land soil moisture evaporation loss
And lead to the problem of Pedotransfer function, a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather is provided.
The purpose of the present invention can be reached by adopting the following technical scheme that:
A kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather, comprises the steps:
Step 1: selection of land is simultaneously buried and put salt discharging pipe
Select the secondary salinization of land of prepartion of land, secondary salinization of land is divided into several latticed plot, and to latticed
Plot carries out cofferdam, buries and put salt discharging pipe in the soil in cofferdam, and salt discharging pipe is connected with tank, and salt discharging pipe buries to be put depth and be
50～60cm, described salt discharging pipe can absorb unnecessary moisture content in soil, and every meter of salt discharging pipe effectively water absorption area is more than 70 squares lis
Rice, if salt discharging pipe is provided with dry hole, salt discharging pipe is provided with non-woven fabrics filtrate；
Step 2: ground top application animal is become thoroughly decomposed excrement, sawdust, desulfurization gypsum powder
Sow first 8～12 days in crop, applying become thoroughly decomposed excrement 1900～2100kg, granularity of animal in every mu of saline and alkaline the earth's surface is
Sawdust 800～the 900kg of 1.5～2.5mm, granularity are 10～20 μm of desulfurization gypsum powder 200～300kg and slight binding agent
The mixture of 11～13kg；
Step 3: salt-soda soil earth's surface is turned over and irrigates
Turn over to applying the animal salt-soda soil after excrement, sawdust, desulfurization gypsum powder and slight binder combination of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Plough, so that the become thoroughly decomposed mixture of excrement, sawdust and slight binding agent of animal is mixed homogeneously with the topsoil of salt-soda soil 30～40cm；
Consumption by every cube of water 20～30g polyacrylamide is soluble in water, then with the water dissolved with polyacrylamide with every mu 40～50
The irrigation quantity of cubic meter is irrigated；
Step 4: basal dressing
Basal dressing after soil dry after irrigating, every mu apply be equivalent to 16～20kg nitrogen, 12～15kg phosphorus pentoxide, 12
The base manure of～15kg titanium dioxide potassium, uses rotary cultivator shallow rotation 5～10cm after spreading fertilizer over the fields；
Step 5: finishing cofferdam, trapezoidal mound, inverted trapezoidal ditch
To the topsoil soils having applied base manure shallow supination, using automatization plow equipment by topsoil soils plough into some wide
Spend equal, equally spaced trapezoidal mound, form between two adjacent described trapezoidal mounds that width is equal, depth identical falls ladder
Shape ditch, described trapezoidal mound is located at the top of described salt discharging pipe, and trapezoidal mound is consistent with the trend of salt discharging pipe；
Step 6: punch, apply soil fertility fertilizer
Every inverted trapezoidal ditch is drilled with multiple catchment infiltration holes by rig, on a plurality of adjacent inverted trapezoidal ditch
Catchment infiltration hole is in quincuncial arrangement, fertilizer, fine sand and the polyacrylamide increase soil fertility in the filling of catchment infiltration in the hole；
Step 7: overlay film
To the inverted trapezoidal ditch having openning hole and trapezoidal mound, carry out overlay film, using plastic sheeting full-film covering, every plastics are thin
Film covers a trapezoidal mound and an inverted trapezoidal ditch, and film side carries out earthing, earthing width 10～15cm, and thickness of earth covering 3～
5cm；
Step 8: cover
Inverted trapezoidal ditch after overlay film and trapezoidal mound adopt Straw covering, and the overlay capacity of every mu of arable land wheat straw is 210～
220kg, or covered using sand, sand cladding thickness is 2～3cm；
Step 9: sowing of selecting a time
Select crop-planting season to be planted, during plantation, the wheat straw covering or sand are removed；
Step 10: irrigate
Periodically using the water containing polyacrylamide, inverted trapezoidal ditch and trapezoidal mound are irrigated, by every cube of water 10～
The consumption of 15g polyacrylamide is soluble in water, then with the water dissolved with polyacrylamide with 20～30 cubic metres every mu of irrigation quantity
Irrigated；
Step 11: salt discharging pipe management
Periodically make regular check on to burying the salt discharging pipe put well, check the displacement of salt discharging pipe, and salt discharging pipe whether by
Blocking.
Further, in described step 1, described salt discharging pipe is embedded in soil at equal intervals, described salt discharging pipe and water storage
Pass through water pump, the connection of automatic valve member, salt discharging pipe buries that to put depth be 55cm, and described burying is put salt discharging pipe and can be absorbed in soil between pond
Unnecessary moisture content, unnecessary moisture content is delivered to tank, and the water that tank discharges to salt discharging pipe stores, every meter of salt discharging pipe
Effectively water absorption area is more than 70 square centimeters.
Further, in described step 1, the hole on described salt discharging pipe is arranged on the middle and upper part of salt discharging pipe, and in quincunx
Arrangement, the caliber of described salt discharging pipe is 40～60mm, and described salt discharging pipe is managed for pvc.
Further, in described step 2, sow first 10 days in crop, apply animal in every mu of saline and alkaline the earth's surface and become thoroughly decomposed excrement
2000kg, granularity are the sawdust 850kg of 2.0mm, granularity is 15 μm desulfurization gypsum powder 250kg and slight binding agent 12kg
Mixture, sawdust is first mixed by described slight binding agent with desulfurization gypsum powder, when preventing fertilising, sawdust and desulfurization gypsum powder
Fly away everywhere with the wind, described slight binding agent is mucilage of starch.
Further, the salt in described step 3, after applying animal is become thoroughly decomposed excrement, sawdust and slight binder combination
The depth turned over is 35cm alkali, so that animal is become thoroughly decomposed the mixture of excrement, sawdust and slight binding agent and the table of salt-soda soil 35cm
Sawdust uniformly, is first mixed by slight binding agent by layer mixing with soil with desulfurization gypsum powder, then it is rotten with animal to be mixed thing
The mixing of ripe excrement, after mixing, is uniformly sprinkling upon on soil, and the described animal excrement that becomes thoroughly decomposed includes cattle manure, chicken manure, pig manure.
Further, in described step 4, basal dressing after the soil dry after irrigating, apply for every mu and be equivalent to 18kg nitrogen, 13kg
Phosphorus pentoxide, the base manure of 13kg titanium dioxide potassium, use rotary cultivator shallow rotation 8cm after spreading fertilizer over the fields.
Further, in described step 5, the upper width of described trapezoidal mound is 1.0～1.4m, lower width is 1.1
～1.5m, it is highly 15～25cm, the upper width of described inverted trapezoidal ditch is 0.8～1.0m, lower width is 0.5～0.8m,
Depth is 15～25cm.
Further, the upper width of described trapezoidal mound be 1.2m, lower width be 1.3m, highly be 20cm, described
The upper width of inverted trapezoidal ditch is 0.8m, lower width is 0.7m, depth is 20cm.
Further, in described step 6, the aperture in described catchment infiltration hole is 40mm, 55mm, 70mm or 85mm, described
The hole depth in catchment infiltration hole is 0.4m, and described fertilizer is 1:30 with the mass ratio of described fine sand, every mu of fertilising doses 10kg, fertilizer
Formula adopts microbial organic fertilizer and plant growth regulator, and its volume ratio is 90:10, every mu of described polyacrylamide consumption
0.3～0.5kg.
Further, in described step 7, plastic sheeting width is 190～210cm, and every plastic sheeting film side is covered
Soil, earthing width 12cm, thickness of earth covering 4cm；In described step 8, the inverted trapezoidal ditch after overlay film and trapezoidal mound are covered using wheat straw
Lid, the overlay capacity of every mu of arable land wheat straw is 215kg, or is covered using sand, and sand cladding thickness is 3cm；In described step 11,
Pass through weekly salt discharging pipe and press 20 cubes of moisture content containing polyacrylamide of every mu of irrigation in soil, every cube of water contains polyacrylamide
Amine consumption 0.1～0.15kg.
The method have the benefit that: what the present invention provided controls the poly- method of the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity,
Method is simple to operate, and by selection of land and bury and put salt discharging pipe, ground top application animal is become thoroughly decomposed excrement, sawdust, desulfurization gypsum powder, to salt-soda soil
Earth's surface is turned over and is irrigated, basal dressing, finishing cofferdam, trapezoidal mound, inverted trapezoidal ditch, punches, applies soil fertility fertilizer, overlay film, covers
Lid, sowing of selecting a time, irrigate, salt discharging pipe manages, and periodically irrigates polyacrylamide by salt discharging pipe in soil, can not only be effective
Improve the water-holding capacity of soil, keep nutrient additionally it is possible to improve the shatter value of soil, improve the hardened degree of soil, strengthen and collect
Rainwater and the ability of irrigation water, and be conducive to water conservation, fertilizer conservation, heat, become thoroughly decomposed excrement, sawdust of salt-soda soil ground top application animal is used in combination
Irrigate dissolved with polyacrylamide, the Soluble salt ions direction quick leaching in alkaline land soil can be made to below topsoil, can make
Irrigation water is rapid to become clear, makes topsoil and nutrient be difficult alluviation, finishing cofferdam, trapezoidal mound, inverted trapezoidal ditch, could also function as
The preserving soil moisture effect to before sowing, thus ensureing emergence rate, reaches suppression soil salt to soil table by earth's surface covering with ground sheeting
Strata collection, and the present invention irrigated using polyacrylamide in different times, and the salt of leaching to deep subsoil can be made to separate
Son is not easy to move on to topsoil with water transport again, the generation that effective control salt-soda soil salinity table gathers, long-time it can be avoided that salinity
Table gathers, thus playing the effect making surface soil salinity reduce, so that crop topsoil soils salinity is declined to a great extent, and thin using plastics
Film, wheat straw and sand cover saline and alkaline ground surface, and result shows, have the effect preferably improveing salt-soda soil, and plastic sheeting is preferably adopted
Use full covered ground, after covering to the inhibitory action order of ion each in soil be: potassium ion, sodium ion, chloride ion, sulfate radical
Ion, manganese ion, bicarbonate ion, calcium ion.
Specific embodiment
For making those skilled in the art more understand and clear and definite technical scheme, with reference to specific embodiment pair
The present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention not limited to this.
The present embodiment provides a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather, and comprises the steps:
Step 1: selection of land is simultaneously buried and put salt discharging pipe
Select the secondary salinization of land of prepartion of land, secondary salinization of land is divided into several latticed plot, and to latticed
Plot carries out cofferdam, buries and put salt discharging pipe in the soil in cofferdam, and salt discharging pipe is connected with tank, and salt discharging pipe buries to be put depth and be
50～60cm, described salt discharging pipe can absorb unnecessary moisture content in soil, and every meter of salt discharging pipe effectively water absorption area is more than 70 squares lis
Rice, if salt discharging pipe is provided with dry hole, salt discharging pipe is provided with non-woven fabrics filtrate；
Step 2: ground top application animal is become thoroughly decomposed excrement, sawdust, desulfurization gypsum powder
Sow first 10 days in crop, applying become thoroughly decomposed excrement 2000kg, granularity of animal in every mu of saline and alkaline the earth's surface is the saw of 2.0mm
Wood powder 850kg, granularity are the mixture of 15 μm of desulfurization gypsum powder 250kg and slight binding agent 12kg, described slight binding agent
First sawdust is mixed with desulfurization gypsum powder, when preventing fertilising, sawdust and desulfurization gypsum powder fly away with the wind everywhere, described slight
Binding agent is mucilage of starch；
Step 3: salt-soda soil earth's surface is turned over and irrigates
Turn over to applying the animal salt-soda soil after excrement, sawdust, desulfurization gypsum powder and slight binder combination of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Plough, so that the become thoroughly decomposed mixture of excrement, sawdust and slight binding agent of animal is mixed homogeneously with the topsoil of salt-soda soil 30～40cm；
Consumption by every cube of water 20～30g polyacrylamide is soluble in water, then with the water dissolved with polyacrylamide with every mu 40～50
The irrigation quantity of cubic meter is irrigated；
Step 4: basal dressing
Basal dressing after soil dry after irrigating, applies for every mu and is equivalent to 18kg nitrogen, 13kg phosphorus pentoxide, 13kg titanium dioxide
The base manure of potassium, uses rotary cultivator shallow rotation 8cm after spreading fertilizer over the fields；
Step 5: finishing cofferdam, trapezoidal mound, inverted trapezoidal ditch
To the topsoil soils having applied base manure shallow supination, using automatization plow equipment by topsoil soils plough into some wide
Spend equal, equally spaced trapezoidal mound, form between two adjacent described trapezoidal mounds that width is equal, depth identical falls ladder
Shape ditch, described trapezoidal mound is located at the top of described salt discharging pipe, and trapezoidal mound is consistent with the trend of salt discharging pipe, described trapezoidal soil
The upper width of heap be 1.0～1.4m, lower width be 1.1～1.5m, highly be 15～25cm, the top of described inverted trapezoidal ditch
Width is 0.8～1.0m, lower width is 0.5～0.8m, depth is 15～25cm；
Step 6: punch, apply soil fertility fertilizer
Every inverted trapezoidal ditch is drilled with multiple catchment infiltration holes by rig, on a plurality of adjacent inverted trapezoidal ditch
Catchment infiltration hole is in quincuncial arrangement, fertilizer, fine sand and the polyacrylamide increase soil fertility in the filling of catchment infiltration in the hole,
The aperture in described catchment infiltration hole is 40mm, 55mm, 70mm or 85mm, and the hole depth in described catchment infiltration hole is 0.4m, described fertilizer
Material is 1:30 with the mass ratio of described fine sand, every mu of fertilising doses 10kg, and fertilizer formula adopts microbial organic fertilizer and plant life
Long regulator, its volume ratio is 90:10, every mu of described polyacrylamide consumption 0.3～0.5kg；
Step 7: overlay film
To the inverted trapezoidal ditch having openning hole and trapezoidal mound, carry out overlay film, using plastic sheeting full-film covering, plastic sheeting width
Spend for 190～210cm, one trapezoidal mound of every covered rearing with plastic film and an inverted trapezoidal ditch, film side carries out earthing, earthing width
Degree 12cm, thickness of earth covering 4cm；
Step 8: cover
Inverted trapezoidal ditch after overlay film and trapezoidal mound adopt Straw covering, and the overlay capacity of every mu of arable land wheat straw is 215kg, or
Covered using sand, sand cladding thickness is 3cm；
Step 9: sowing of selecting a time
Select crop-planting season to be planted, during plantation, the wheat straw covering or sand are removed；
Step 10: irrigate
Periodically using the water containing polyacrylamide, inverted trapezoidal ditch and trapezoidal mound are irrigated, by every cube of water 10～
The consumption of 15g polyacrylamide is soluble in water, then with the water dissolved with polyacrylamide with 20～30 cubic metres every mu of irrigation quantity
Irrigated；
Step 11: salt discharging pipe management
Periodically make regular check on to burying the salt discharging pipe put well, check the displacement of salt discharging pipe, and salt discharging pipe whether by
Blocking, passes through weekly salt discharging pipe and presses 20 cubes of moisture content containing polyacrylamide of every mu of irrigation in soil, every cube of water is containing poly-
Acrylamide consumption 0.1～0.15kg.
Further, in described step 1, described salt discharging pipe is embedded in soil at equal intervals, described salt discharging pipe and water storage
Pass through water pump, the connection of automatic valve member, salt discharging pipe buries that to put depth be 55cm, and described burying is put salt discharging pipe and can be absorbed in soil between pond
Unnecessary moisture content, unnecessary moisture content is delivered to tank, and the water that tank discharges to salt discharging pipe stores, every meter of salt discharging pipe
Effectively water absorption area is more than 70 square centimeters；Hole on described salt discharging pipe is arranged on the middle and upper part of salt discharging pipe, and is in quincunx cloth
Put, the caliber of described salt discharging pipe is 40～60mm, and described salt discharging pipe is managed for pvc.
Further, the salt in described step 3, after applying animal is become thoroughly decomposed excrement, sawdust and slight binder combination
The depth turned over is 35cm alkali, so that animal is become thoroughly decomposed the mixture of excrement, sawdust and slight binding agent and the table of salt-soda soil 35cm
Sawdust uniformly, is first mixed by slight binding agent by layer mixing with soil with desulfurization gypsum powder, then it is rotten with animal to be mixed thing
The mixing of ripe excrement, after mixing, is uniformly sprinkling upon on soil, and the described animal excrement that becomes thoroughly decomposed includes cattle manure, chicken manure, pig manure.
Further, in described step 5, the upper width of described trapezoidal mound is 1.2m, lower width is 1.3m, highly
For 20cm, the upper width of described inverted trapezoidal ditch is 0.8m, lower width is 0.7m, depth is 20cm.
In sum, the present invention controls the method that the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity gathers, and method is simple to operate, by selection of land
And bury and put salt discharging pipe, ground top application animal is become thoroughly decomposed excrement, sawdust, desulfurization gypsum powder, salt-soda soil earth's surface is turned over and irrigates, Shi Ji
Fertilizer, finishing cofferdam, trapezoidal mound, inverted trapezoidal ditch, punch, apply soil fertility fertilizer, overlay film, cover, sowing of selecting a time, irrigate, row
Salt pipe manages, and periodically irrigates polyacrylamide by salt discharging pipe in soil, can not only effectively improve the water-holding capacity of soil,
Keep nutrient additionally it is possible to improve the shatter value of soil, improve the hardened degree of soil, strengthen the ability collecting rainwater and irrigation water,
And be conducive to water conservation, fertilizer conservation, heat, ground top application animal in salt-soda soil is become thoroughly decomposed excrement, sawdust with irrigating dissolved with polyacrylamide,
The Soluble salt ions direction quick leaching in alkaline land soil can be made to below topsoil, the rapid change of irrigation water can be made clear, make table
Layer soil and nutrient are difficult alluviation, finishing cofferdam, trapezoidal mound, inverted trapezoidal ditch, may also operate as sowing front preserving soil moisture work
With thus ensureing emergence rate, suppression soil salt being reached by earth's surface covering with ground sheeting and assembles to upper soll layer, and the present invention is not
Same time is irrigated using polyacrylamide, and the salt ion of leaching to deep subsoil can be made to be not easy to move on to water transport again
Topsoil, the generation that effective control salt-soda soil salinity table gathers, for a long time it can be avoided that salinity table gathers, thus play making topsoil
The effect that earth salinity reduces, makes crop topsoil soils salinity decline to a great extent, and is covered saline and alkaline using plastic sheeting, wheat straw and sand
Ground surface, result shows, has the effect preferably improveing salt-soda soil, plastic sheeting preferably adopts full covered ground, right after covering
In soil, the inhibitory action order of each ion is: potassium ion, sodium ion, chloride ion, sulfate ion, manganese ion, bicarbonate radical
Ion, calcium ion.
The above, patent preferred embodiment only of the present invention, but the protection domain of patent of the present invention is not limited to
This, in scope disclosed in patent of the present invention for any those familiar with the art, according to the skill of patent of the present invention
Art scheme and its design in addition equivalent or change, broadly fall into the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather is it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step 1: selection of land is simultaneously buried and put salt discharging pipe
Select the secondary salinization of land of prepartion of land, secondary salinization of land is divided into several latticed plot, and to latticed plot
Carry out cofferdam, bury in the soil in cofferdam and put salt discharging pipe, salt discharging pipe is connected with tank, salt discharging pipe bury put depth be 50～
60cm, described salt discharging pipe can absorb unnecessary moisture content in soil, and every meter of salt discharging pipe effectively water absorption area is more than 70 square centimeters, row
If salt pipe is provided with dry hole, salt discharging pipe is provided with non-woven fabrics filtrate；
Step 2: ground top application animal is become thoroughly decomposed excrement, sawdust, desulfurization gypsum powder
Sow front 8～12 days in crop, applying become thoroughly decomposed excrement 1900～2100kg, granularity of animal in every mu of saline and alkaline the earth's surface is 1.5
Sawdust 800～the 900kg of～2.5mm, granularity are 10～20 μm of desulfurization gypsum powder 200～300kg and slight binding agent 11
The mixture of～13kg；
Step 3: salt-soda soil earth's surface is turned over and irrigates
Turn over to applying the animal salt-soda soil after excrement, sawdust, desulfurization gypsum powder and slight binder combination of becoming thoroughly decomposed, make
The become thoroughly decomposed mixture of excrement, sawdust and slight binding agent of animal is mixed homogeneously with the topsoil of salt-soda soil 30～40cm；By every
The consumption of cube water 20～30g polyacrylamide is soluble in water, then with the water dissolved with polyacrylamide with 40～50 cubes every mu
The irrigation quantity of rice is irrigated；
Step 4: basal dressing
Basal dressing after soil dry after irrigating, every mu apply be equivalent to 16～20kg nitrogen, 12～15kg phosphorus pentoxide, 12～
The base manure of 15kg titanium dioxide potassium, uses rotary cultivator shallow rotation 5～10cm after spreading fertilizer over the fields；
Step 5: finishing cofferdam, trapezoidal mound, inverted trapezoidal ditch
To the topsoil soils having applied base manure shallow supination, topsoil soils are ploughed into by some width phases using automatization's equipment that plows
Deng, equally spaced trapezoidal mound, between two adjacent described trapezoidal mounds, form that width is equal, depth identical inverted trapezoidal
Ditch, described trapezoidal mound is located at the top of described salt discharging pipe, and trapezoidal mound is consistent with the trend of salt discharging pipe；
Step 6: punch, apply soil fertility fertilizer
Every inverted trapezoidal ditch is drilled with multiple catchment infiltration holes, catchmenting on a plurality of adjacent inverted trapezoidal ditch by rig
Permeability hole is in quincuncial arrangement, fertilizer, fine sand and the polyacrylamide increase soil fertility in the filling of catchment infiltration in the hole；
Step 7: overlay film
To the inverted trapezoidal ditch having openning hole and trapezoidal mound, carry out overlay film, using plastic sheeting full-film covering, every plastic sheeting covers
One trapezoidal mound of lid and an inverted trapezoidal ditch, film side carries out earthing, earthing width 10～15cm, thickness of earth covering 3～5cm；
Step 8: cover
Inverted trapezoidal ditch after overlay film and trapezoidal mound adopt Straw covering, and the overlay capacity of every mu of arable land wheat straw is 210～220kg,
Or covered using sand, sand cladding thickness is 2～3cm；
Step 9: sowing of selecting a time
Select crop-planting season to be planted, during plantation, the wheat straw covering or sand are removed；
Step 10: irrigate
Periodically inverted trapezoidal ditch and trapezoidal mound are irrigated, by every cube of water 10～15g using the water containing polyacrylamide
The consumption of polyacrylamide is soluble in water, then is carried out with 20～30 cubic metres every mu of irrigation quantity with the water dissolved with polyacrylamide
Irrigate；
Step 11: salt discharging pipe management
Periodically make regular check on to burying the salt discharging pipe put well, check the displacement of salt discharging pipe, and whether salt discharging pipe is blocked.
2. a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described
In step 1, described salt discharging pipe is embedded in soil at equal intervals, passes through water pump, automatic valve between described salt discharging pipe and tank
Part connects, and salt discharging pipe buries that to put depth be 55cm, and described burying is put salt discharging pipe and can be absorbed unnecessary moisture content in soil, by unnecessary water
Part is delivered to tank, and the water that tank discharges to salt discharging pipe stores, and it is flat that every meter of salt discharging pipe effectively water absorption area is more than 70
Square centimetre.
3. a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described
In step 1, the hole on described salt discharging pipe is arranged on the middle and upper part of salt discharging pipe, and is in quincuncial arrangement, the caliber of described salt discharging pipe
For 40～60mm, described salt discharging pipe is pvc pipe.
4. a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described
In step 2, sow first 10 days in crop, applying become thoroughly decomposed excrement 2000kg, granularity of animal in every mu of saline and alkaline the earth's surface is the saw of 2.0mm
Wood powder 850kg, granularity are the mixture of 15 μm of desulfurization gypsum powder 250kg and slight binding agent 12kg, described slight binding agent
First sawdust is mixed with desulfurization gypsum powder, when preventing fertilising, sawdust and desulfurization gypsum powder fly away with the wind everywhere, described slight
Binding agent is mucilage of starch.
5. a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described
In step 3, the depth turned in the salt-soda soil after applying animal is become thoroughly decomposed excrement, sawdust and slight binder combination is 35cm,
So that the become thoroughly decomposed mixture of excrement, sawdust and slight binding agent of animal is mixed homogeneously with the topsoil of salt-soda soil 35cm, first will saw
Wood powder is mixed by slight binding agent with desulfurization gypsum powder, then is mixed the thing and animal excrement that becomes thoroughly decomposed and mixes, after mixing, uniformly
It is sprinkling upon on soil, the described animal excrement that becomes thoroughly decomposed includes cattle manure, chicken manure, pig manure.
6. a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described
In step 4, basal dressing after the soil dry after irrigating, apply for every mu and be equivalent to 18kg nitrogen, 13kg phosphorus pentoxide, 13kg titanium dioxide
The base manure of potassium, uses rotary cultivator shallow rotation 8cm after spreading fertilizer over the fields.
7. a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described
In step 5, the upper width of described trapezoidal mound is 1.0～1.4m, lower width is 1.1～1.5m, be highly 15～25cm,
The upper width of described inverted trapezoidal ditch is 0.8～1.0m, lower width is 0.5～0.8m, depth is 15～25cm.
8. a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that described
The upper width of trapezoidal mound is 1.2m, lower width is 1.3m, be highly 20cm, the upper width of described inverted trapezoidal ditch is
0.8m, lower width are 0.7m, depth is 20cm.
9. a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described
In step 6, the aperture in described catchment infiltration hole is 40mm, 55mm, 70mm or 85mm, and the hole depth in described catchment infiltration hole is
0.4m, described fertilizer is 1:30 with the mass ratio of described fine sand, every mu of fertilising doses 10kg, and fertilizer formula adopts microorganism organic
Fertilizer and plant growth regulator, its volume ratio is 90:10, every mu of described polyacrylamide consumption 0.3～0.5kg.
10. a kind of method controlling the up table of secondary salinization of land salinity to gather according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that institute
State in step 7, plastic sheeting width is 190～210cm, and every plastic sheeting film side carries out earthing, earthing width 12cm, earthing
Thickness 4cm；In described step 8, the inverted trapezoidal ditch after overlay film and trapezoidal mound adopt Straw covering, the covering of every mu of arable land wheat straw
Measure as 215kg, or covered using sand, sand cladding thickness is 3cm；In described step 11, pass through weekly salt discharging pipe to soil
In by every mu irrigation 20 cubes of moisture content containing polyacrylamide, every cube of water 0.1～0.15kg of consumption containing polyacrylamide.
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| CN107889573A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-10 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | The economical vegetation fast construction method of shale strand heavy salinized ground salt tolerant based on hidden pipe salt discharge |
| CN109156108A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-08 | 浙江普天园林建筑发展有限公司 | A kind of soil alkaline ground comprehensive processing method |
| CN109354546A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-19 | 兴安盟博川农业科技有限公司 | A kind of conditioning fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof for improveing alkaline land soil |
| CN109369298A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-22 | 兴安盟博川农业科技有限公司 | A kind of modification method of alkaline land soil |
| CN109601050A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-12 | 石河子大学 | Level for administering the poly- phenomenon of soil salt table turns over technology |
| CN114402734A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-04-29 | 新疆水利水电科学研究院 | Water-saving and salt-controlling method for interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil |
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| CN109369298A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-22 | 兴安盟博川农业科技有限公司 | A kind of modification method of alkaline land soil |
| CN109601050A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-12 | 石河子大学 | Level for administering the poly- phenomenon of soil salt table turns over technology |
| CN109601050B (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2022-01-25 | 石河子大学 | Horizontal ploughing method for treating soil salt surface-to-surface accumulation phenomenon |
| CN114402734A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-04-29 | 新疆水利水电科学研究院 | Water-saving and salt-controlling method for interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil |
| CN114731917A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-07-12 | 塔里木大学 | Method for planting cyperus esculentus in saline-alkali soil in micro-furrow manner |
| CN114731917B (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-03-28 | 塔里木大学 | Method for planting cyperus esculentus in saline-alkali soil in micro-furrow manner |
| CN116368984A (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-07-04 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for cooperatively solving water shortage and salinization of oasis irrigation in arid region |
| CN116368984B (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-11-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for cooperatively solving water shortage and salinization of oasis irrigation in arid region |
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