CN109354546A - A kind of conditioning fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof for improveing alkaline land soil - Google Patents
A kind of conditioning fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof for improveing alkaline land soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109354546A CN109354546A CN201811482794.4A CN201811482794A CN109354546A CN 109354546 A CN109354546 A CN 109354546A CN 201811482794 A CN201811482794 A CN 201811482794A CN 109354546 A CN109354546 A CN 109354546A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of conditioning fertilizers and the preparation method and application thereof for improveing alkaline land soil, it is related to alkaline land soil conditioning and multifunctional fertilizers preparation technical field, the conditioning fertilizer includes aluminum sulfate, urea, polyacrylamide, wood vinegar, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), bio-bacterial manure, potassium sulfate, charcoal and mushroom bran, utilize the conditioning fertilizer of improvement alkaline land soil provided by the present application, it can be with the various ion concentrations in well-balanced adjustment soil, increase the water-retaining property of the soil body, soil body good permeability, it is not hardened, soil hardness is low, and soil body density is low；And play the role of soil insect-killing.The alkaline land soil improved using this conditioning fertilizer, it is suitable for the various plants of plantation that except being a little that basicity is reduced with above-mentioned, nutrient is sufficient and balanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to alkaline land soil conditioning and multifunctional fertilizers preparation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of improvement is saline and alkaline
The conditioning fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof of ground soil.
Background technique
China salt-soda soil saline-alkali soil is formed under certain natural conditions, and the essence formed is mainly various easy
Dissolubility salt makees redistributing for horizontal direction and vertical direction on ground, thus make salinity collection salt area upper soll layer by
Gradually accumulate.Influencing the principal element that saline-alkali soil is formed has: weather conditions, geographical conditions, the soil texture and underground water, river
Influence, cultivation management with seawater it is improper etc..In China northeast, northwest, the arid in North China, semiarid zone, precipitation is small,
Evaporation capacity is big, and the salinity being dissolved in water is easy to gather in upper soll layer.Landform positions height influences very the formation of saline-alkali soil
Greatly, landform height directly affects the movement of surface water and groundwater, also just moves and accumulate substantial connection with salinity, from big
Landform sees that water soluble salt is moved from high to lower with water, gathers in low lying areas.Quality thickness can influence soil capillary water fortune
Dynamic speed and height, in general, the loamy soil capillary rate of climb is very fast, and height is also high, and sand and clay salification are slow
A bit.The critical issue of influence on groundwater soil alkaline is the height of level of ground water and the size of the degree of mineralization of ground water, level of ground water
Height, salinity is big, is easy salification.The soil of river and channel both sides raises level of ground water because river water side is seeped, promotes to accumulate
Salt.Coastal area can form coastal saline-alkali soil because of Seawater immersion.In addition, broad irrigation or low laying areas when some place waterings
Only fill and do not arrange so that level of ground water rises and salification quickly, make it is original become salt-soda soil well, this process is secondary salt
Stain.Salt affected soil caused by any of the above reason can all cause crop emergence rate, survival rate, yield to be greatly lowered, very
It can hardly survive to serious salt affected soil regional plant.Currently, the major measure in improvement salt-soda soil includes physical method, chemistry
Method and biological method, wherein it is low using the method cost of labor in soil conditioner improvement salt-soda soil, spend the time few, it is quick
And it is obvious, but the generally existing conditioning ion of this method is unbalanced, causes soil hardening, influences the problems such as subsequent fertilizing operation.
Summary of the invention
For solve it is above-mentioned using soil conditioner improve salt-soda soil existing for conditioning ion it is unbalanced, cause soil hardening,
The problems such as influencing subsequent fertilizing operation, the present invention provide a kind of conditioning fertilizer for improveing alkaline land soil, which had both played tune
The effect of reason, and play the role of fertilizer, while improveing soil, do not influence to apply fertilizer, the specific scheme is that conditioning fertilizer includes sulfuric acid
Aluminium, urea, polyacrylamide, wood vinegar, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), bio-bacterial manure, potassium sulfate, charcoal and mushroom bran.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, aluminum sulfate, urea, polyacrylamide, wood vinegar, ardealite, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Ammonium, bio-bacterial manure, potassium sulfate, charcoal and mushroom bran mass ratio be (1-2): (1-2): (1-2): (5-10): (4-12): (2-
3):(4-11):(2-3):(10-15):(10-15)。
In certain embodiments of the present invention, Molecular Weight for Polyacrylamide is 100-400 ten thousand.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, mushroom bran matrix is stalk, sawdust, straw, corncob, bagasse or cottonseed
Shell, the mushroom of production are needle mushroom, mushroom, oyster mushroom, black fungus or Pleurotus nebrodensis；Charcoal be straw, kind shell or excrement processing and
At.
In addition, the present invention also provides the preparation method of the conditioning fertilizer of above-mentioned improvement alkaline land soil, step are as follows: take wood vinegar
Dilution, aluminum sulfate, urea, polyacrylamide, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate are added in wood vinegar dilution, are mixed
Uniformly, mixture A is obtained；Bio-bacterial manure, charcoal, mushroom bran are crushed, is uniformly mixed, obtains mixture B；By mixture A with
Mixture B is uniformly mixed, and places 12-24h, is thoroughly stirred primary, then place 12-24h.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, it crushes as 80-120 mesh；Wood vinegar extension rate is 700-1000 (V/V)
Times.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, aluminum sulfate, urea, polyacrylamide, wood vinegar, ardealite, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Ammonium, bio-bacterial manure, potassium sulfate, charcoal and mushroom bran mass ratio be (1-2): (1-2): (1-2): (5-10): (4-12): (2-
3):(4-11):(2-3):(10-15):(10-15)。
In certain embodiments of the present invention, placing temperature is 4-30 DEG C.
The present invention also provides application of the conditioning fertilizer of above-mentioned improvement alkaline land soil in improvement alkaline land soil, steps
Are as follows: it applies or is uniformly sprinkling upon conditioning fertilizer to turn over after soil surface and bury in cave.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, conditioning fertilizer dosage is 0.8-1.2Kg/m2；Turning over buried depth degree is 15-20cm.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, bio-bacterial manure is microorganism Bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, wherein withered grass bud
Spore bacillus content is 30,000,000,000 cfu/g.
Beneficial effect
It, can be balanced under the comprehensive function of each component using the conditioning fertilizer of improvement alkaline land soil provided by the present application
The various ion concentrations in soil are adjusted, and by the effect of polyacrylamide, increase the water-retaining property of the soil body, but be added poly- third
Acrylamide be easy to cause soil to glue, gas permeability is bad, and bulky grain bacteria agent and mushroom bran, biology is added in the application formula simultaneously
Charcoal, with polyacrylamide collective effect, soil body good permeability, not hardened, soil hardness is low, and soil body density is low；And pass through the wooden vinegar
With the comprehensive function of bacteria agent, charcoal, play the role of soil insect-killing.The alkaline land soil improved using this conditioning fertilizer, is removed
Have the above advantages outer, basicity reduction, nutrient abundance and balanced, the suitable various plants of plantation.
Specific embodiment
Bio-bacterial manure involved in following embodiment is microorganism Bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, wherein bacillus subtilis
Content is 30,000,000,000 cfu/g, is bought from Wo Bao Biotechnology Co., Ltd of Henan Province.Related mushroom bran is that the production of purchase is useless
Material.
Embodiment 1
Improve the preparation method of the conditioning fertilizer of alkaline land soil, step are as follows: take wood vinegar to dilute, by aluminum sulfate, urea, gather
Acrylamide, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate are added in wood vinegar dilution, are uniformly mixed, are obtained mixture A；It will give birth to
Object bacterial manure, charcoal, mushroom bran crush, and are uniformly mixed, obtain mixture B；Mixture A is uniformly mixed with mixture B, is placed
12h thoroughly stirs primary, then places 12h.
Crushing is 80 mesh；Wood vinegar extension rate is 700 (V/V) times.
Aluminum sulfate, urea, polyacrylamide, wood vinegar, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), bio-bacterial manure, potassium sulfate, charcoal
Mass ratio with mushroom bran is 1:1:1:5:4:2:4:2:10:10.
Placing temperature is 4 DEG C, places compost having a size of 1.2m × 1.2m × 1.2m, temperature does not surpass during compost 12-24h
45 DEG C are crossed, additional turning is not needed.
Molecular Weight for Polyacrylamide is 100-400 ten thousand.
Mushroom bran matrix is that stalk and cotton seed hulls are mixed with mass ratio 1:1, and the mushroom of production is needle mushroom；Charcoal is
The charcoal that straw is process with rice husk is mixed according to mass ratio 1:1.
Embodiment 2
Improve the preparation method of the conditioning fertilizer of alkaline land soil, step are as follows: take wood vinegar to dilute, by aluminum sulfate, urea, gather
Acrylamide, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate are added in wood vinegar dilution, are uniformly mixed, are obtained mixture A；It will give birth to
Object bacterial manure, charcoal, mushroom bran crush, and are uniformly mixed, obtain mixture B；Mixture A is uniformly mixed with mixture B, is placed
18h thoroughly stirs primary, then places 18h.
Crushing is 120 mesh；Wood vinegar extension rate is 900 (V/V) times.
Aluminum sulfate, urea, polyacrylamide, wood vinegar, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), bio-bacterial manure, potassium sulfate, charcoal
Mass ratio with mushroom bran is 1.5:1.5:1.5:10:12:2:11:2:15:15.
Placing temperature is 20 DEG C, places compost having a size of 1.2m × 1.2m × 1.2m, and temperature is not during compost 12-24h
More than 45 DEG C, additional turning is not needed.
Molecular Weight for Polyacrylamide is 100-400 ten thousand.
Mushroom bran matrix is stalk, sawdust, straw, corncob, bagasse and cotton seed hulls according to mass ratio 1:1:1:1:1:1,
The mushroom of production is oyster mushroom；Charcoal is process for cow dung.
Embodiment 3
Improve the preparation method of the conditioning fertilizer of alkaline land soil, step are as follows: take wood vinegar to dilute, by aluminum sulfate, urea, gather
Acrylamide, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate are added in wood vinegar dilution, are uniformly mixed, are obtained mixture A；It will give birth to
Object bacterial manure, charcoal, mushroom bran crush, and are uniformly mixed, obtain mixture B；Mixture A is uniformly mixed with mixture B, is placed
For 24 hours, it thoroughly stirs primary, then places for 24 hours.
Crushing is 80 mesh；Wood vinegar extension rate is 1000 (V/V) times.
Aluminum sulfate, urea, polyacrylamide, wood vinegar, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), bio-bacterial manure, potassium sulfate, charcoal
Mass ratio with mushroom bran is 2:2:2:5:4:3:4:3:10:10.
Placing temperature is 30 DEG C, places compost having a size of 1.2m × 1.2m × 1.2m, and temperature is not during compost 12-24h
More than 45 DEG C, additional turning is not needed.
Molecular Weight for Polyacrylamide is 100-400 ten thousand.
Mushroom bran matrix is that sawdust is mixed with corncob, cotton seed hulls according to mass ratio 5:1:2, and the mushroom of production is black wood
Ear；Charcoal is process for straw.
Embodiment 4
Improve the preparation method of the conditioning fertilizer of alkaline land soil, step are as follows: take wood vinegar to dilute, by aluminum sulfate, urea, gather
Acrylamide, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate are added in wood vinegar dilution, are uniformly mixed, are obtained mixture A；It will give birth to
Object bacterial manure, charcoal, mushroom bran crush, and are uniformly mixed, obtain mixture B；Mixture A is uniformly mixed with mixture B, is placed
For 24 hours, it thoroughly stirs primary, then places for 24 hours.
Crushing is 80 mesh；Wood vinegar extension rate is 700 (V/V) times.
Aluminum sulfate, urea, polyacrylamide, wood vinegar, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), bio-bacterial manure, potassium sulfate, charcoal
Mass ratio with mushroom bran is 1:2:1:10:10:2:11:2:10:15.
Placing temperature is 30 DEG C, places compost having a size of 1.2m × 1.2m × 1.2m, and temperature is not during compost 12-24h
More than 45 DEG C, additional turning is not needed.
Molecular Weight for Polyacrylamide is 100-400 ten thousand.
Mushroom bran matrix is corncob, bagasse is mixed according to mass ratio 1:2, and the mushroom of production is mushroom；Charcoal
It is process for rice husk.
Embodiment 5
The embodiment 1-3 conditioning fertilizer prepared is applied to salt-soda soil respectively, watering is primary daily, and irrigation amount is with moisture penetration
To subject to the 35cm of underground, every group of experiment irrigation amount is identical, is taken after application respectively 15 days, the soil sample of 30cm depth, and use is identical
Method prepares leaching liquor and measures wherein various index substance contents, the results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
To " Shi Dijia " soil tune of the identical salt-soda soil of embodiment 5 application Chengdu Hua Hong agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd production
Agent product is managed, is uniformly sprayed on alkaline land soil surface, dosage after 150 times of volumes are diluted with water in product according to product description
By the research on maximum utilized quantity 40mL/m in product description2, watering is primary daily, and irrigation amount is subject to moisture penetration to underground 35cm,
Irrigation amount is same as Example 5, takes after application 15 days, the soil sample of 25cm depth, prepares leaching with method same as Example 5
Extract simultaneously measures wherein various index substance contents, the results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
To the Stanley compound fertilizer of the identical salt-soda soil of embodiment 5 application Stanley farm bloc limited liability company production
Expect (N P and K type) universal water-soluble fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O, 15-15-15), total nutrient >=48%, dosage is 10/m2,
Even distribution is buried in the soil, depth 10cm, and watering is primary daily, and irrigation amount is subject to moisture penetration to underground 35cm, is watered
Measure it is same as Example 5, take application after 15 days, the soil sample of 25cm depth prepares leaching liquor with method same as Example 5
And wherein various index substance contents are measured, it the results are shown in Table 1.
1 conditioning fertilizer of table application front and back soil root system content of material
As can be seen that 1 conditioner of comparative example has no cations and is obviously improved, to total alkali from data
(HCO3 -With CO3 2-Summation) there is apparent reduction to act on, but its effect is greatly reduced compared with embodiment, and it adjusts HCO3 -With
CO3 2-The effect of content is unbalanced, to HCO3 -The corrective action of content is smaller, to CO3 2-The corrective action of content is more significant, this
It is unbalance that sample will lead to the anion-content in soil, integrally causes adverse effect to soil environment, and cause to Soil ventilation degree
Certain negative effect；Comparative example 2 does not have the pH value of soil from data using general NpK complex fertilizer
It influences, nitrogen element content greatly promotes, but Soil ventilation degree is substantially reduced.And the soil after being improved with conditioning fertilizer prepared by the present invention
Earth, Soil ventilation degree obviously increase, and calcium ion and the magnesium ion content for being conducive to salinity discharge are significantly raised, and total alkali
(HCO3 -With CO3 2-Summation) it is substantially reduced and two kinds of particle reduction amounts are average, nitrogen element content is significantly raised, likewise, often
In group experiment, phosphorus potassium element content increases percentage and differ with nitrogen element content is no more than 1%.Soil moisture whole embodiments group
It is differed than the high 20-37% of blank group.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of conditioning fertilizer for improveing alkaline land soil, it is characterised in that: including aluminum sulfate, urea, polyacrylamide, the wooden vinegar
Liquid, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), bio-bacterial manure, potassium sulfate, charcoal and mushroom bran.
2. the conditioning fertilizer of improvement alkaline land soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the aluminum sulfate, gathers urea
Acrylamide, wood vinegar, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), bio-bacterial manure, potassium sulfate, charcoal and mushroom bran mass ratio be (1-2):
(1-2):(1-2):(5-10):(4-12):(2-3):(4-11):(2-3):(10-15):(10-15)。
3. the conditioning fertilizer of improvement alkaline land soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the polyacrylamide, point
Son amount is 100-400 ten thousand.
4. the conditioning fertilizer of improvement alkaline land soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mushroom bran, matrix are straw
Stalk, sawdust, straw, corncob, bagasse or cotton seed hulls, the mushroom of production are needle mushroom, mushroom, oyster mushroom, black fungus or white spirit
Mushroom；The charcoal is that straw, kind shell or excrement are process.
5. a kind of preparation method of the conditioning fertilizer of any one of claim 1-4 improvement alkaline land soil, it is characterised in that: step
Suddenly are as follows: take wood vinegar to dilute, aluminum sulfate, urea, polyacrylamide, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate are added to wood vinegar
In dilution, it is uniformly mixed, obtains mixture A；Bio-bacterial manure, charcoal, mushroom bran are crushed, is uniformly mixed, obtains mixture
B；Mixture A is uniformly mixed with mixture B, places 12-24h, is thoroughly stirred primary, then place 12-24h.
6. the preparation method of the conditioning fertilizer of improvement alkaline land soil according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the powder
It is broken, it crushes as 80-120 mesh；The wood vinegar, extension rate are 700-1000 (V/V) times.
7. the preparation method of the conditioning fertilizer of improvement alkaline land soil according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the sulfuric acid
Aluminium, urea, polyacrylamide, wood vinegar, ardealite, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), bio-bacterial manure, potassium sulfate, charcoal and mushroom bran quality
Than for (1-2): (1-2): (1-2): (5-10): (4-12): (2-3): (4-11): (2-3): (10-15): (10-15).
8. the preparation method of the conditioning fertilizer of improvement alkaline land soil according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described to put
It sets, temperature is 4-30 DEG C.
9. a kind of conditioning fertilizer the answering in improvement alkaline land soil of any one of claim 1-4 improvement alkaline land soil
With, it is characterised in that: step are as follows: apply or be uniformly sprinkling upon conditioning fertilizer to turn over after soil surface and bury in cave.
10. application of the conditioning fertilizer of improvement alkaline land soil according to claim 9 in improvement alkaline land soil, special
Sign is: the conditioning fertilizer dosage is 0.8-1.2Kg/m2；The buried depth degree that turns over is 15-20cm.
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| US11124461B2 (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2021-09-21 | Incitec Pivot Limited | Fertilizer |
| US11691929B2 (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2023-07-04 | Incitec Fertilizers Pty Limited | Fertiliser |
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| CN111205873A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-29 | 中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心 | Saline-alkali soil improver and application thereof in improvement of saline-alkali soil for cotton planting |
| CN111205873B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-04-06 | 中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心 | Saline-alkali soil improver and application thereof in improvement of saline-alkali soil for cotton planting |
| CN111357421A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-07-03 | 山东胜伟盐碱地科技有限公司 | Soil improvement method combining oyster mushroom planting and saline-alkali soil |
| CN113287385A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-24 | 北京化工大学 | Method for improving soda saline-alkali soil by forming hydrotalcite-like compound in soil |
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