CN103238431B - Method for salt controlling and fertilizing of coastal dry-farming saline-alkali soil barley-corn rotation system - Google Patents
Method for salt controlling and fertilizing of coastal dry-farming saline-alkali soil barley-corn rotation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclosed is a method for salt controlling and fertilizing of a coastal dry-farming saline-alkali soil barley-corn rotation system. The method includes: determining a soil salt-controlling target according to local soil salt content and salt-tolerant threshold value of planted crops in the seedling stage, irrigating soil water and spraying salt for soil moisture after rotary tillage of soil, discharging accumulated water on the soil surface until the soil salt content at a specific depth reaches the salt-controlling target, applying farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer at a certain ratio according to types of the crops, and starting to plough, covering films and sowing after being well mixed through rotary tillage, namely directly covering the films and hole sowing or punching sowing after covering the films on the soil surface. The method is reusable and capable of being circularly applied to the crops of each season, the farm organic fertilizer and base fertilizer need to be applied in each season independently in crop rotation, and the more the method is applied, the better the soil-improvement and fertilizing effects are.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for control soil salt that a kind of beach saline land dry farming system is suitable for and culture fertility, belong to Coastal beach using land and agricultural use technical field.
Background technology
Water resource wanes and has become with area distribution inequality the principal element restricting coastal area and even China's economic society, industrial and agricultural development, especially plays conclusive restrictive function to the agricultural that water consumption accounts for total water consumption 80%.Current, water quantity for irrigating agricultural field accounts for 90% of Water Consumption in Agriculture, and wherein 75% ~ 80% is the water loss that can not reuse.Along with the development of China's economic society, limited water resources situation determines the development that water-saving agriculture must be walked by China.
With regard to China's coastal region, although rainwater resource is relatively plentiful, Seasonal Distribution is uneven, and the rainwater resource in rainy season lacks regulates and stores, and causes dry season water resource comparatively to lack.Meanwhile, coastal region ubiquity soil salt content is high, and bury of groundwater is shallow, salinity is high, the soil texture and structure poor, the features such as soil natural fertility level is low.Thus, for farming district, strand, irrigate except meeting plant growth and needing water, also carry washed out soil salinity to ensure the function of healthy growth of crops.At present, coastal area agricultural is fast-developing to be based upon on high water consumption basis to a great extent, the flood desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is adopted to press salt to be still the important means of the guarantee coastal region crop normal growth economic flow rate higher with maintenance in dry season, water resource utilization efficiency is extremely low, and these all can cause farming district, following strand shortage of water resources contradiction more and more outstanding.Therefore, set up a kind ofly have control salt concurrently, the Sustainable and highly-efficient use of method to agriculture district, strand water and soil resources of water saving and fertilizing soil have outstanding meaning.
For a long time, irrigation and covered ground are proved to be the effective means controlling the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil in dry season, and straw-returning and application of organic fertilizers are the effective ways in quick improvement saline land.Dry farming rain for coastal saline-alkali district supports farmland, how under the prerequisite utilizing the least possible freshwater resources, maintenance crop root zone is not gathered too many salinity and is promoted soil fertility simultaneously, to ensure that higher economic goal output has become the realistic problem of restriction beach saline land Sustainable Agricultural utilization.From the irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, the washing salinity by irrigation that present stage uses precisely irrigates process control efficiently to lack, make control salt effect can not reach expection requirement or water resource waste serious; In addition, although straw-returning has control salt soil fertilities, under dry farming system, the Straw decomposing nutrients release cycle is long, and this season crop effect is often undesirable.The precision irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, lasting control salt and Study on Fertilizing being combined is the effective way accelerating beach saline land desalination slaking process, topsoil soils environment is improved fast by irrigating the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, application of organic fertilizers is the growing environment that " desalinating fertile layer " is created in plant growth, plastic film covering is utilized to reduce invalid Evaporation among plants to delay or to suppress the topsoil soils accumulation of salt in the surface soil, maintain the effect of irrigating the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, improve water utilization rate and improve soil physical and chemical property, the control salt realizing beach saline-alkali ground, the multiple target of economizing on water, improving the soil.
Summary of the invention
the technical problem solved:the present invention is directed to the present situation that current beach saline land water resource in dry season is nervous, the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil is strong, and soil control salt method is single, control a series of realistic problems such as salt process monitoring means are backward, water resource utilization efficiency is low, soil fertility cultivation process is slow, proposes a set of control salt fertilizer application method being adapted at beach saline land dry farming system and being suitable for.
technical scheme:the control salt fertilizer application method of dry farming saline land, a kind of strand barley-Corn Rotation System system.According to background soil salt content and the salt-tolerant threshold determination soil control salt target in institute's long-term cropping seedling stage, fill with pre-sowing water after soil rotary tillage and drench salt moisture creating.Reach after control salt desired value until certain depth soil salt content, discharge surface pond.Use a certain proportion of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer according to agrotype, to plough the first furrow as a guideline mulch sowing after rotary tillage mixing, punching sowing after direct mulch bunch planting or ground mulching film.
First, determine whether to need to irrigate, if soil salt content is less than this threshold value, without the need to irrigating according to soil background salt content before the salt-tolerant threshold in institute's long-term cropping seedling stage and plantation.If soil salt content is higher than this threshold value, need to carry out the irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, first to topsoil rotary tillage before irrigation, to break soil compaction and loose topsoil, improve topsoil and drench salt efficiency.Using the salt-tolerant threshold of long-term cropping as irrigation control salt desired value, fresh water interval alternative irrigation method is adopted within first 7 ~ 10 days, to carry out the irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching in crop sowing, utilizing four electrode salt sub sensors to monitor crop main root zone depth Soil Desalting process in real time, then irrigating for stopping when the sensor Real-Time Monitoring value of this position soil salt is down to and is irrigated control salt desired value; Secondly, use a certain proportion of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer according to agrotype, wherein farm organic fertilizer 1000 kg/ mu, composite fertilizer determines according to agrotype, and these two kinds of fertilizer all evenly apply as base manure; Then, rotary tillage is loosened the soil and is mixed fertilizer, to being no more than 30 cm degree of depth soil layer rotary tillages, by rotary tillage soil layer lower for salt content and fertilizer, base manure stirring and evenly mixing; Finally, sowing overlay film of ploughing the first furrow as a guideline, builds high furrow with machinery trench digging, furrow is sowed, and wheat crops uses Mulching and hill-drop sowing machine once to complete sowing and overlay film, after the mechanical film such as corn, live cotton, in face punching sowing.
Detailed construction, the principle of four electrode salt sub sensors can see ZL 200710020347.2.This type sensor is applicable to embedded and plug-in type, not only can be used for the dynamic long-term tillage monitoring of soil salt, also can be used for the quick direct-reading of plug-in type of soil salt, convenient to use, now shaped by Nanjing Soil Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences and produced in batches.
Specifically, the control salt fertilizer application method of dry farming saline land, strand barley-Corn Rotation System system, step is:
(1) according to the salt-tolerant threshold determination soil control salt target in soil background salt content and barley-corn crop seedling stage, fill with pre-sowing water after soil rotary tillage and drench salt moisture creating:
A. according to soil background salt content and the salt-tolerant threshold determination soil control salt target in institute's long-term cropping seedling stage:
Ensure that the soil salt of barley-corn crop main Root Distribution layer is not higher than this control salt standard, this crop rotation systems crop main root zone degree of depth and salt-tolerant threshold as follows:
The main root zone of corn is within 60 cm, and salt-tolerant threshold is 1.7 g/kg, and therefore corn planting region 60 cm depth soil salt content should not higher than 1.7 g/kg;
The main root zone of barley is within 30 cm, and salt-tolerant threshold is 6.0 g/kg, and therefore barley cultivation region 30 cm depth soil salt content should not higher than 6.0 g/kg;
B. rotary tillage breaks soil compaction to improve pouring salt efficiency, in conjunction with the four electrode sensors monitorings to crop main root zone depth soil salt, in crop preseeding irrigation pre-sowing water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching moisture creating:
First to topsoil 20 cm rotary tillage before irrigation, during plantation barley, bury four electrode salt sub sensors at 30 ~ 35 cm places underground, during maize planting, bury four electrode salt sub sensors underground at 60 ~ 65 cm places; Dynamic realtime monitoring soil salt content, carries out pre-sowing water irrigation to press salt moisture creating to soil, and pre-sowing water is irrigated and adopted interval alternative irrigation method, and each filling 50 mm water yields, often fill with a water, after it infiltrates, then fill with next water, accomplish that earth's surface is without ponding; During intermittent irrigation, gathered four electrode salinity sensing datas every 2 hours, the soil salt content reflected until these data does not stop irrigating after controlling salt index;
(2) in the mode of base manure in native top application a certain amount of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer:
Until soil see dry after, use farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer: farm organic fertilizer refers to the feces of livestock and poultry farmyard manure through becoming thoroughly decomposed, wherein organic matter>=30 g/kg, full nitrogen>=3.5 g/kg, full phosphorus>=1.5 g/kg, available potassium>=200 mg/kg, every mu of consumption is fresh weight 1000 kilograms; Composite fertilizer is not containing ammonium ion and chlorion, N-P
2o
5-K
2o percentage by weight is the composite fertilizer of 18-22-8 or 15-20-10, and barley is by all applying as base manure with 60 ~ 70%wt of nitrogen quantity, and corn is by all applying as base manure with 30 ~ 40%wt of nitrogen quantity;
(3) rotary tillage again, by soil, farm organic fertilizer and base manure stirring and evenly mixing:
Utilize rotovator to 20 cm degree of depth soil layer rotary tillages, chesson, by rotary tillage soil layer lower for salt content and fertilizer, base manure stirring and evenly mixing;
(4) machinery trench digging builds high furrow:
Mechanical high furrow of having ditched: for winter crops, ridge-up bed 20 ~ 30 cm above ground level, furrow across back 2.5 ~ 3.5 m, furrow bottom width 15 ~ 25 cm; For summer crop, ridge-up bed 25 ~ 35 cm above ground level, furrow across back 2 ~ 3 m, furrow bottom width 20 ~ 30 cm;
(5) crop mulch bunch planting on furrow:
To rise after furrow in 1 ~ 2 day, furrow are sowed, for barley, uses Mulching and hill-drop sowing machine once to complete sowing and overlay film, film thickness 0.006 ~ 0.008 mm; For corn, in face punching sowing after mechanical film, plastic sheeting for farm use thickness is with 0.008 ~ 0.014 mm.
beneficial effect:
(1) economize on water and strengthen pouring salt.Before pre-sowing water irrigates the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, carry out rotary tillage, break hardening layer and chesson to 0 ~ 20 cm deep soil, salt efficiency is drenched in the irrigation that improve this layer, shortens the time of irrigating and drenching needed for salt to desired value.Adopt four electrode salt sub sensors to monitor crop main root zone depth Soil Desalting process in real time, specify that and irrigate control salt target and stop the filling time, decrease water resource loss; Meanwhile, after the overlay film of ground, reduce invalid ground evaporation between plants, slow down deep soil salinity and assemble to top layer with moisture, improve water use efficiency.
(3) promote that " desalinating fertile layer " is formed.Application of organic fertilizers improves soil physical and chemical property, improves Soil ventilation water permeable ability, has cut off the continuity of soil capillary, increases the nutrient contents such as the soil organic matter, aggregate and N P and K, for metastable " desalinating fertile layer " is created in plant growth.
(4) stable growth environment is maintained.Ground mulching film avoids soil directly to contact with air as far as possible, is conducive to the maintenance of " desalinating fertile layer ", avoid coastal region because of summer rainfall concentrate, cause the obstacles such as a large amount of leaching loss of topsoil nutrient, topsoil erosion, soil compaction.
(5) promotion prospect is wide.The control salt fertilizer application method of dry farming saline land, strand barley-Corn Rotation System system by control salt, economizing on water and fostering and apply fertilizer combines, light letter, low cost and simple and easy to operate, have can entire mechanization implement advantage, be not only applicable to beach saline land, and certain irrigation conditions can be met, fertilizer obtains North China and even Northwest inland saline land easily and all has suitable applicability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is " changing under above covering " control salt fertilizer application method schematic diagram of beach saline land dry farming system.In figure: 1 rain fed crop; 2 films; 3 ridge-up beds are high; 4 furrow bottom width; 5 furrow across backs; The 6 fertile layer of desalinations (rotary tillage layer); 7 desalination soil layers; 8 are undisturbed soil layer;
Fig. 2 utilizes the technology of the present invention to the contrast of barley-Corn Rotation System ground 0 ~ 20 cm topsoil soils salinity dynamic effects.Each data point is the mean+SD SE of 4 soil specimen measured values;
Fig. 3 utilizes the technology of the present invention on the contrast of barley-Corn Rotation System ground 0 ~ 20 cm topsoil soils saturated hydraulic conductivity impact.Each data point is the mean+SD SE of 4 soil specimen measured values;
Fig. 4 utilizes the technology of the present invention on the contrast of barley-Corn Rotation System ground 0 ~ 20 cm topsoil soils water stable aggregate body burden impact.Each data point is the mean+SD SE of 4 soil specimen measured values;
Fig. 5 utilizes the technology of the present invention to the contrast of barley-long Effects of Density of Corn Rotation System ground 0 ~ 40 cm soil layer corn root.Each data point is the mean+SD SE of 4 sampling point measured values;
Fig. 6 utilizes the technology of the present invention on the contrast of barley-Corn Rotation System ground corn average yield impact.Each data point is 4 mean+SD SE repeated.
Embodiment
Following specific embodiment further illustrates of the present invention, and do not mean that content of the present invention is only limitted to the scope of example.
embodiment 1:
Test plot is the Huanghai Sea seed farm being positioned at Dongtai City of Jiangsu Province Jianggang Gang Zhen southeast head, and formation was enclosed and cultivated in 2003 in this plot, starts agricultural planting in 2007, and experimental field east is apart from 4.6 kilometers, Huanghai coast line.This test region soil texture is sand loam, and the ratio of sand grains, powder, clay is 22%, 65% and 13%, bury of groundwater between 0.6 ~ 2.6 m, underground water salinity 6.3 ~ 14.8 dS/m.This district's soil water-stable aggregates motion intense and easily repeatedly, salination and fertility underground are the main factors restricting this district's agricultural development.
In strand, Jiangsu Province, heavy salinized, 0 ~ 20 cm topsoil soils salt content is 2.8 ~ 4.1 g/kg, pH is 9.47, the content of organic matter is 9.16 g/kg, full nitrogen 0.34 g/kg, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen is 31.11 mg/kg, available phosphorus is 10.21 mg/kg, available potassium 219.69 mg/kg.If 3 repetitions, each repetition 4 m
2(experimental plot specification 2 m × 2 m).Cropping system is corn-barley crop rotation (dry farming system), and corn variety is Su Yu 14, mid-June breeding time to late October, barley variety Supi No.4, early June in early November breeding time to the coming year.Contrast is local general planting mode.Place: the first Huanghai Sea seed farm in the Jianggang Gang Zhen southeast, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province Dongtai City, test period is in June, 2011 ~ 2012 year October.Test plot was enclosed and cultivated in 2003, and developing agricultural plants 3 years history, and experimental field east is apart from 4.6 kilometers, coastline.Experimental program and result are see accompanying drawing 1 ~ 6.
The control salt fertilizer application method of dry farming saline land, strand barley-Corn Rotation System system.According to background soil salt content and the salt-tolerant threshold determination soil control salt target in institute's long-term cropping seedling stage, fill with pre-sowing water after soil rotary tillage and drench salt moisture creating.Utilize four electrode salt sub sensors to monitor crop main root zone depth Soil Desalting process in real time, reach after control salt desired value until certain depth soil salt content, discharge surface pond.Use a certain proportion of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer according to agrotype, to plough the first furrow as a guideline mulch sowing after rotary tillage mixing, punching sowing after direct mulch bunch planting or ground mulching film.The method each in season crop can be recycled, farm organic fertilizer and base manure need single cropping list to execute.Main enforcement link is as follows:
(1) according to soil background salt content and the salt-tolerant threshold determination soil control salt target in institute's long-term cropping seedling stage, fill with pre-sowing water after soil rotary tillage and drench salt moisture creating
A. according to soil background salt content and the salt-tolerant threshold determination soil control salt target in institute's long-term cropping seedling stage
The period the most responsive to salinity due to crop is generally seedling stage, therefore, can determine the soil control salt standard in crop-planting region according to the salt-tolerant threshold scope in institute's long-term cropping seedling stage.Should ensure that the soil salt of the main Root Distribution layer of crop is not higher than this control salt standard.The crop main root zone degree of depth, salt density value phase and salt-tolerant threshold are as follows:
The main root zone of corn is within 60 cm, and be salt density value crop, salt-tolerant threshold is 1.7 g/kg, and therefore corn planting region 60 cm depth soil salt content should not higher than 1.7 g/kg;
The main root zone of barley is within 30 cm, and salinity sensitive periods is seedling stage and jointing-booting stage, and salt-tolerant threshold is 6.0 g/kg, and therefore barley cultivation region 30 cm depth soil salt content should not higher than 6.0 g/kg;
B. rotary tillage breaks soil compaction to improve pouring salt efficiency, in conjunction with the four electrode sensors monitorings to crop main root zone depth soil salt, in crop preseeding irrigation pre-sowing water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching moisture creating
First to topsoil 20 cm rotary tillage before irrigation, to break soil compaction and loose topsoil, improve topsoil and drench salt efficiency.Meanwhile, according to the main root zone degree of depth of institute's long-term cropping kind, salt-tolerant threshold and soil control salt standard, the dynamic realtime in conjunction with four electrode salt sub sensors is monitored, and carries out pre-sowing water precision irrigation to press salt moisture creating to beach saline land.Four electrode salt sub sensors only need be buried underground at the main root zone depth of crop.For barley, only need bury sensor underground at 30 ~ 35 cm places, corn need bury sensor underground at 60 ~ 65 cm places.Pre-sowing water is irrigated and is adopted interval alternative irrigation method, and each filling 50 mm water yields, often fill with a water, after it infiltrates substantially, then fill with next water, accomplish that earth's surface is without ponding; During intermittent irrigation, gathered four electrode salinity sensing datas every 2 hours, the soil salt content reflected until these data does not afterwards stop irrigating higher than control salt index (crop tolerance to salt threshold value).
(2) in the mode of base manure in native top application a certain amount of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer
Until soil see dry after, use a certain proportion of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer according to institute's long-term cropping type, these two kinds of fertilizer all evenly apply as base manure.Farm organic fertilizer refers to the feces of livestock and poultry farmyard manure (organic matter>=30 g/kg, full nitrogen>=3.5 g/kg, full phosphorus>=1.5 g/kg, available potassium>=200 mg/kg) through becoming thoroughly decomposed, and every mu of consumption is fresh weight 1000 kilograms; Answer nitrogen pick-up benefit phosphorus to fit the principle of potassium according to beach saline land, use containing ammonium ion and chlorion, N-P
2o
5-K
2o percentage by weight is the composite fertilizer of 18-22-8 or 15-20-10, and total fertilization amount is determined according to nutrient uptake feature in Different Crop breeding time and soil fertility.For by nitrogen quantity, barley can apply all using 60 ~ 70%wt of nitrogen quantity as base manure, and corn applies all using 30 ~ 40%wt of nitrogen quantity as base manure.
(3) rotary tillage again, by soil, farm organic fertilizer and base manure stirring and evenly mixing
Utilize rotovator to 20 cm degree of depth soil layer rotary tillages, one side chesson again, on the other hand can by rotary tillage soil layer lower for salt content and fertilizer, base manure stirring and evenly mixing; The rotary tillage degree of depth generally no more than 30 cm, in order to avoid deep layer height salty soil is turned over to top layer.After irrigating the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, the distribution of soil salt on section presents the trend raised gradually with degree of depth increase, and therefore, when irrigation ensuing crop main root zone depth soil salt is not higher than salt-tolerant threshold, 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer salinity is then significantly lower than this threshold value.If soil rotary tillage is excessively dark, the average soil salt content of rotary tillage soil layer will be improved.
(4) machinery trench digging builds high furrow
Mechanical high furrow of having ditched.For winter crops, ridge-up bed 20 ~ 30 cm above ground level, furrow across back 2.5 ~ 3.5 m, furrow bottom width 15 ~ 25 cm; For summer crop, because coastal region rainwater is more concentrated, ridge-up bed 25 ~ 35 cm above ground level, furrow across back 2 ~ 3 m, furrow bottom width 20 ~ 30 cm.
(5) crop mulch bunch planting on furrow
To rise after furrow in 1 ~ 2 day, sow on furrow as early as possible, in order to avoid soil moisture loss.For the wheat crops such as barley, wheat, use Mulching and hill-drop sowing machine once to complete sowing and overlay film, plastic sheeting for farm use should not be too thick or too thin, is advisable with the degradable plastic sheeting for farm use of thickness 0.006 ~ 0.008 mm, too thickly affect crop emerges, too thin easy-weathering damages affects soil control salt effect.For corn, live cotton etc., in face punching sowing after mechanical film, plastic sheeting for farm use thickness is advisable with 0.008 ~ 0.014 mm.
(6) technical method single cropping recycles
The method has reusability, can for each crop cycle applications in season; When crop is changed crops, farm organic fertilizer and base manure need single cropping list to execute; This method number of applications is more, and Soil building effect is more remarkable.
Claims (1)
1. the control salt fertilizer application method of strand dry farming saline land barley-Corn Rotation System system, is characterized in that step is:
(1) according to the salt-tolerant threshold determination soil control salt target in soil background salt content and barley-corn crop seedling stage, fill with pre-sowing water after soil rotary tillage and drench salt moisture creating:
A. according to soil background salt content and the salt-tolerant threshold determination soil control salt target in institute's long-term cropping seedling stage:
Ensure that the soil salt of barley-corn crop main Root Distribution layer is not higher than this control salt standard, this crop rotation systems crop main root zone degree of depth and salt-tolerant threshold as follows:
The main root zone of corn is within 60 cm, and salt-tolerant threshold is 1.7 g/kg, and therefore corn planting region 60 cm depth soil salt content should not higher than 1.7 g/kg;
The main root zone of barley is within 30 cm, and salt-tolerant threshold is 6.0 g/kg, and therefore barley cultivation region 30 cm depth soil salt content should not higher than 6.0 g/kg;
B. rotary tillage breaks soil compaction to improve pouring salt efficiency, in conjunction with the four electrode sensors monitorings to crop main root zone depth soil salt, in crop preseeding irrigation pre-sowing water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching moisture creating:
First to topsoil 20 cm rotary tillage before irrigation, during plantation barley, bury four electrode salt sub sensors at 30 ~ 35 cm places underground, during maize planting, bury four electrode salt sub sensors underground at 60 ~ 65 cm places; Dynamic realtime monitoring soil salt content, carries out pre-sowing water irrigation to press salt moisture creating to soil, and pre-sowing water is irrigated and adopted interval alternative irrigation method, and each filling 50 mm water yields, often fill with a water, after it infiltrates, then fill with next water, accomplish that earth's surface is without ponding; During intermittent irrigation, gathered four electrode salinity sensing datas every 2 hours, the soil salt content reflected until these data does not stop irrigating after controlling salt index;
(2) in the mode of base manure in native top application a certain amount of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer:
Until soil see dry after, use farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer: farm organic fertilizer refers to the feces of livestock and poultry farmyard manure through becoming thoroughly decomposed, wherein organic matter>=30 g/kg, full nitrogen>=3.5 g/kg, full phosphorus>=1.5 g/kg, available potassium>=200 mg/kg, every mu of consumption is fresh weight 1000 kilograms; Composite fertilizer is not containing ammonium ion and chlorion, N-P
2o
5-K
2o percentage by weight is the composite fertilizer of 18-22-8 or 15-20-10, and barley is by all applying as base manure with 60 ~ 70%wt of nitrogen quantity, and corn is by all applying as base manure with 30 ~ 40%wt of nitrogen quantity;
(3) rotary tillage again, by soil, farm organic fertilizer and base manure stirring and evenly mixing:
Utilize rotovator to 20 cm degree of depth soil layer rotary tillages, chesson, by rotary tillage soil layer lower for salt content and fertilizer, base manure stirring and evenly mixing;
(4) machinery trench digging builds high furrow:
Mechanical high furrow of having ditched: for winter crops, ridge-up bed 20 ~ 30 cm above ground level, furrow across back 2.5 ~ 3.5 m, furrow bottom width 15 ~ 25 cm; For summer crop, ridge-up bed 25 ~ 35 cm above ground level, furrow across back 2 ~ 3 m, furrow bottom width 20 ~ 30 cm;
(5) crop mulch bunch planting on furrow:
To rise after furrow in 1 ~ 2 day, furrow are sowed, for barley, uses Mulching and hill-drop sowing machine once complete sowing and cover degradable membrane, film thickness 0.006 ~ 0.008 mm; For corn, in face punching sowing after mechanical film, plastic sheeting for farm use thickness is with 0.008 ~ 0.014 mm.
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| CN108575172A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | A kind of implantation methods that river sand and organic fertilizer are used for salt-soda soil |
| CN111345205A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-30 | 文山壮族苗族自治州农业科学院 | Multi-cropping efficient planting method for grain and feed crops |
| CN109673193B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2023-08-18 | 山东农业大学 | Saline-alkali soil salt washing system and salt washing method |
| CN110252789A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-09-20 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of strand lake and reservoir desalination control salt method |
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| JPH06225628A (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 1994-08-16 | Fujikoo:Kk | Method for planting plant community in littoral zone |
| CN102057775B (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Controlled-salinity cultivation method for plating crop on moderate and medium and severe saline-alkali soil |
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