CN103238431A - Method for salt controlling and fertilizing of coastal dry-farming saline-alkali soil barley-corn rotation system - Google Patents
Method for salt controlling and fertilizing of coastal dry-farming saline-alkali soil barley-corn rotation system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103238431A CN103238431A CN2013101495399A CN201310149539A CN103238431A CN 103238431 A CN103238431 A CN 103238431A CN 2013101495399 A CN2013101495399 A CN 2013101495399A CN 201310149539 A CN201310149539 A CN 201310149539A CN 103238431 A CN103238431 A CN 103238431A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- salt
- crop
- barley
- furrow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
Abstract
Disclosed is a method for salt controlling and fertilizing of a coastal dry-farming saline-alkali soil barley-corn rotation system. The method includes: determining a soil salt-controlling target according to local soil salt content and salt-tolerant threshold value of planted crops in the seedling stage, irrigating soil water and spraying salt for soil moisture after rotary tillage of soil, discharging accumulated water on the soil surface until the soil salt content at a specific depth reaches the salt-controlling target, applying farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer at a certain ratio according to types of the crops, and starting to plough, covering films and sowing after being well mixed through rotary tillage, namely directly covering the films and hole sowing or punching sowing after covering the films on the soil surface. The method is reusable and capable of being circularly applied to the crops of each season, the farm organic fertilizer and base fertilizer need to be applied in each season independently in crop rotation, and the more the method is applied, the better the soil-improvement and fertilizing effects are.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the suitable control soil salt of a kind of beach saline land dry farming system and the method for culture fertility, belong to coastal beach using land and agricultural use technical field.
?
Background technology
Water resource wanes has become the principal element of restriction coastal area and even China's economic society, industrial and agricultural development with the area distribution inequality, especially the agricultural that water consumption is accounted for total water amount 80% plays conclusive restrictive function.Current, the farmland irrigation water amount accounts for 90% of agricultural water amount, and wherein 75% ~ 80%, the water loss that can not reuse.Along with the development of China's economic society, the limited water resource situation has determined China must walk the development of water-saving agriculture.
With regard to China's coastal region, although rainwater resource is plentiful relatively, the Seasonal Distribution inequality, the rainwater resource in rainy season lacks regulates and stores, and causes the dry season water resource comparatively to lack.Simultaneously, coastal region ubiquity soil salt content height, feature such as bury of groundwater is shallow, salinity is high, and the soil texture and structure are poor, and the soil natural fertility level is low.Thus, for strand farming district, irrigating except satisfying plant growth needs the water, is also bearing the washed out soil salinity to ensure the function of crop healthy growth.At present, the coastal area agricultural is fast-developing to be based upon on the high water consumption basis to a great extent, adopt the big flood desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching to press salt to be still in dry season and ensure coastal region crop normal growth and the important means of keeping higher economic flow rate, water resource utilization efficiency is extremely low, and these all can cause farming district, following strand shortage of water resources contradiction more and more outstanding.Therefore, set up a kind of method that has control salt, water saving and fertilizing soil concurrently agricultural efficient utilization that continue of distinguishing water and soil resources in strand had outstanding meaning.
For a long time, it is the effective means that is proved to be the control soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil in dry season that irrigation and ground cover, and straw-returning and application of organic fertilizers are the effective ways in quick improvement saline land.Dry farming rain for the coastal saline-alkali district is supported the farmland, how under the prerequisite of utilizing the least possible freshwater resources, keep crop root zone and do not gather too many salinity and promote soil fertility simultaneously, become the realistic problem of restriction beach saline land agricultural sustainable utilization to guarantee higher economic goal output.From irrigating the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, the washing salinity by irrigation that present stage uses is precisely irrigated process control efficiently to lack, and makes control salt effect can not reach that expection requires or water resource waste is serious; In addition, although straw-returning has the control salt effect of fostering and apply fertilizer, it is long deenergized period that stalk decomposes nutrient under the dry farming system, and this season crop effect is often undesirable.With the precision irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, continue control salt and foster and apply fertilizer fast that to combine be the effective way of accelerating beach saline land desalination slaking process, improve the topsoil soils environment fast by irrigating the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, application of organic fertilizers is that the growing environment of " desalinating fertile layer " is created in plant growth, utilize film cover to reduce invalid between evaporation to delay or to suppress the topsoil soils accumulation of salt in the surface soil, keep the effect of irrigating the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, improve water utilization rate and improve soil physical and chemical property, realize the control salt on beach saline-alkali ground, the multiple target of economizing on water, improving the soil.
?
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that solves:The present invention is directed to present beach saline land water resource in dry season anxiety, the strong present situation of the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil, and soil control salt method is single, control salt process monitoring means are backward, water resource utilization efficiency is low, soil fertility is cultivated process and waited a series of realistic problems slowly, proposes a cover and is adapted at the control salt fertilizer application method that beach saline land dry farming system is suitable for.
Technical scheme:The control salt fertilizer application method of dry farming saline land, a kind of strand barley-corn crop rotation systems.Salt tolerant threshold value according to background soil salt content and the crops seedling stage of planting is determined soil control salt target, irritates soil moisture water pouring salt after the soil rotary tillage and makes moisture in the soil.After treating that the certain depth soil salt content reaches control salt desired value, discharge surface pond.Use a certain proportion of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer according to agrotype, the mulch sowing of ploughing the first furrow as a guideline behind the rotary tillage mixing, directly punching sowing behind mulch bunch planting or the face of land cover film.
At first, determine whether that according to soil background salt content before the salt tolerant threshold value of plantation crops seedling stage and the plantation needs irrigate, if soil salt content then need not to irrigate less than this threshold value.If soil salt content is higher than this threshold value and then need irrigates the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, earlier to the topsoil rotary tillage, to break soil compaction and loose topsoil, improve topsoil and drench salt efficient before irrigating.Salt tolerant threshold value with kind of plant is controlled the salt desired value as irrigating, adopt fresh water alternative irrigation method at intermittence to irrigate the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching in preceding 7 ~ 10 days in the crop sowing, utilize four electrode salt sub sensors to monitor the main root zone degree of depth of crop place soil desalination processes in real time, when the real-time monitor value of the sensor of this position soil salt is down to irrigation control salt desired value, then irrigate for stopping; Secondly, use a certain proportion of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer according to agrotype, farm organic fertilizer 1000 kg/ mus wherein, composite fertilizer determines that according to agrotype these two kinds of fertilizer all evenly apply as base manure; Then, rotary tillage is loosened the soil and is mixed fertilizer, to being no more than 30 cm degree of depth soil layer rotary tillages, the rotary tillage soil layer that salt content is lower and fertilizer, base manure stirring and evenly mixing; At last, the sowing overlay film of ploughing the first furrow as a guideline is built high furrow with the machinery trench digging, and at the furrow upper seeding wheel, wheat crops uses Mulching and hill-drop sowing machine once to finish sowing and overlay film, behind the mechanical films such as corn, live cotton, in face punching sowing.
The detailed construction of four electrode salt sub sensors, principle can be referring to ZL 200710020347.2.This type sensor is applicable to embedded and plug-in type, the dynamic long-term position monitor that not only can be used for soil salt, also can be used for the quick direct-reading of plug-in type of soil salt, convenient to use, now produced in batches by Nanjing Soil Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences's typing.
Specifically, the control salt fertilizer application method of dry farming saline land, strand barley-corn crop rotation systems, step is:
(1) determine soil control salt target according to the salt tolerant threshold value in soil background salt content and barley-corn crop seedling stage, irritate soil moisture water after the soil rotary tillage and drench salt and make moisture in the soil:
A. determine soil control salt target according to the salt tolerant threshold value of soil background salt content and the crops seedling stage of planting:
The soil salt that guarantees the main Root Distribution layer of barley-corn crop is not higher than this control salt standard, and the main root zone degree of depth of this crop rotation systems crop and salt tolerant threshold value are as follows:
The main root zone of corn is in 60 cm, and the salt tolerant threshold value is 1.7 g/kg, so corn planting zone 60 cm degree of depth place soil salt contents should not be higher than 1.7 g/kg;
The main root zone of barley is in 30 cm, and the salt tolerant threshold value is 6.0 g/kg, so barley cultivation zone 30 cm degree of depth place soil salt contents should not be higher than 6.0 g/kg;
B. rotary tillage is broken soil compaction to improve pouring salt efficient, in conjunction with the four electrode sensors monitoring to the main root zone degree of depth of crop place soil salt, makes moisture in the soil at crop preseeding irrigation soil moisture washing salt:
At first to topsoil 20 cm rotary tillages, during the plantation barley, bury four electrode salt sub sensors underground at 30 ~ 35 cm places before the irrigation, during maize planting, bury four electrode salt sub sensors underground at 60 ~ 65 cm places; Dynamic real-time monitoring soil salt content carries out soil moisture water to soil and irrigates to press salt to make moisture in the soil, and soil moisture water is irrigated and adopted intermittently alternative irrigation method, irritates the 50 mm water yields at every turn, water of every filling, treat that it infiltrates after, irritate next water again, accomplish that the face of land do not have ponding; During the intermittent irrigation, gathered four electrode salinity sensing datas every 2 hours, treat to stop to irrigate after soil salt content that these data reflect is not higher than control salt index;
(2) in the mode of base manure in native top application with a certain amount of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer:
Treat soil see do after, use farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer: farm organic fertilizer refers to the feces of livestock and poultry farmyard manure through becoming thoroughly decomposed, wherein organic matter 〉=30 g/kg, full nitrogen 〉=3.5 g/kg, full phosphorus 〉=1.5 g/kg, available potassium 〉=200 mg/kg, every mu of consumption is 1000 kilograms of fresh weights; Composite fertilizer is not for containing ammonium ion and chlorion, N-P
2O
5-K
2The O percentage by weight is the composite fertilizer of 18-22-8 or 15-20-10, and barley is by all applying as base manure with 60 ~ 70%wt of nitrogen amount, and 30 ~ 40%wt that corn is pressed all with the nitrogen amount applies as base manure;
(3) rotary tillage again, with soil, farm organic fertilizer and base manure stirring and evenly mixing:
Utilize rotovator to 20 cm degree of depth soil layer rotary tillages, chesson, the rotary tillage soil layer that salt content is lower and fertilizer, base manure stirring and evenly mixing;
(4) the machinery trench digging is built high furrow:
The mechanical high furrow of having ditched: at winter crops, ridge-up bed 20 ~ 30 cm above ground level, furrow across back 2.5 ~ 3.5 m, furrow bottom width 15 ~ 25 cm; At summer crop, ridge-up bed 25 ~ 35 cm above ground level, furrow across back 2 ~ 3 m, furrow bottom width 20 ~ 30 cm;
(5) crop mulch bunch planting on the furrow:
Rise behind the furrow in 1 ~ 2 day, at the furrow upper seeding wheel, at barley, use Mulching and hill-drop sowing machine once to finish sowing and overlay film, film thickness 0.006 ~ 0.008 mm; At corn, in face punching sowing, plastic sheeting for farm use thickness is with 0.008 ~ 0.014 mm behind the mechanical film.
Beneficial effect:
(1) salt is drenched in water saving and enhancing.Before soil moisture water is irrigated the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, 0 ~ 20 cm deep soil is carried out rotary tillage, break hardening layer and chesson, salt efficient is drenched in the irrigation that has improved this layer, has shortened to irrigate to drench salt to the required time of desired value.Adopt four electrode salt sub sensors to monitor the main root zone degree of depth of crop place soil desalination processes in real time, clear and definite irrigate control salt target and stop the filling time, reduced the water resource loss; Simultaneously, reduce invalid ground evaporation between plants behind the overlay film of ground, slowed down the deep soil salinity and assembled to the top layer with moisture, improved water use efficiency.
(3) promote " desalinating fertile layer " to form.Application of organic fertilizers improves soil physical and chemical property, improves soil air-and water-permeable ability, has cut off the continuity of soil capillary, increases nutrient contents such as the soil organic matter, aggregate and nitrogen phosphorus potassium, for metastable " desalinating fertile layer " created in plant growth.
(4) keep the stable growth environment.Face of land cover film avoids soil directly to contact with atmosphere as far as possible, is conducive to keeping of " desalinating fertile layer ", has avoided coastal region to concentrate because of summer rainfall, causes obstacles such as a large amount of leaching losses of topsoil nutrient, topsoil erosion, soil compaction.
(5) promotion prospect is wide.The control salt fertilizer application method of dry farming saline land, strand barley-corn crop rotation systems will be controlled salt, economize on water and foster and apply fertilizer and combine, light letter, low-cost and simple and easy to operate, but has the advantage that entire mechanization is implemented, be not only applicable to beach saline land, and obtain easily that the landlocked saline land in North China and even northwest all has suitable applicability satisfying certain irrigation conditions, fertilizer.
?
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is controlled salt fertilizer application method schematic diagram for " on cover change down " of beach saline land dry farming system.Among the figure: 1 rain fed crop; 2 films; 3 ridge-up bed height; 4 furrow bottom width; 5 furrow across backs; The 6 fertile layers of desalination (rotary tillage layer); 7 desalination soil layers; 8 are undisturbed soil layer;
Fig. 2 utilizes the technology of the present invention to the contrast of barley-corn crop rotation ground 0 ~ 20 cm topsoil soils salinity dynamic effects.Each data point is the mean+SD SE of 4 soil specimen measured values;
Fig. 3 utilizes the technology of the present invention to the contrast of barley-corn crop rotation ground 0 ~ 20 cm topsoil soils saturated hydraulic conductivity influence.Each data point is the mean+SD SE of 4 soil specimen measured values;
Fig. 4 utilizes the technology of the present invention to the contrast of barley-corn crop rotation ground 0 ~ 20 cm topsoil soils water-stable aggregate content influence.Each data point is the mean+SD SE of 4 soil specimen measured values;
Fig. 5 utilizes the technology of the present invention to the contrast of barley-long density influence of corn crop rotation ground 0 ~ 40 cm soil layer corn root.Each data point is the mean+SD SE of 4 sampling point measured values;
Fig. 6 utilizes the technology of the present invention to the contrast of barley-corn crop rotation ground corn average yield influence.Each data point is the mean+SD SE of 4 repetitions.
?
Embodiment
Following specific embodiment is to further specify of the present invention, and does not mean the scope that content of the present invention only limits to give an actual example.
?
Embodiment 1:
The test plot was the Huanghai Sea seed farm that is positioned at the Jianggang Gang Zhen southeast head of Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province, and formation was enclosed and cultivated in this plot in 2003, and in beginning agricultural planting in 2007, experimental field east was apart from Huanghai Sea coastline 4.6 kilometers.This test region soil texture is sand loam, and the ratio of sand grains, powder, clay is 22%, 65% and 13%, and bury of groundwater is between 0.6 ~ 2.6 m, underground water salinity 6.3 ~ 14.8 dS/m.This district's soil water salt motion acutely and easily repeatedly, salination and fertility are underground to be the main factor of this district's agricultural development of restriction.
In the strand, Jiangsu Province, heavy salinized ground, 0 ~ 20 cm topsoil soils salt content is 2.8 ~ 4.1 g/kg, pH is 9.47, the content of organic matter is 9.16 g/kg, full nitrogen 0.34 g/kg, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen is 31.11 mg/kg, available phosphorus is 10.21 mg/kg, available potassium 219.69 mg/kg.If 3 repetitions, each repeats 4 m
2(experimental plot specification 2 m * 2 m).Cropping system is corn-barley crop rotation (dry farming system), and corn variety is Su Yu 14, and mid-June breeding time is to late October, No. 4, barley variety Soviet Union beer, early June in early November breeding time to the coming year.Contrast is local general planting mode.The place: the first Huanghai Sea seed farm in the Jianggang Gang Zhen southeast, Dongtai City, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, test period are in June, 2011 ~ 2012 year October.The test plot was enclosed and cultivated in 2003,3 years history of developing agricultural plantation, and experimental field east is apart from the coastline 4.6 kilometers.Experimental program and result are referring to accompanying drawing 1～6.
The control salt fertilizer application method of dry farming saline land, strand barley-corn crop rotation systems.Salt tolerant threshold value according to background soil salt content and the crops seedling stage of planting is determined soil control salt target, irritates soil moisture water pouring salt after the soil rotary tillage and makes moisture in the soil.Utilize four electrode salt sub sensors to monitor the main root zone degree of depth of crop place soil desalination processes in real time, treat that the certain depth soil salt content reaches control salt desired value after, discharge surface pond.Use a certain proportion of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer according to agrotype, the mulch sowing of ploughing the first furrow as a guideline behind the rotary tillage mixing, directly punching sowing behind mulch bunch planting or the face of land cover film.This method each in season crop can be recycled, farm organic fertilizer and base manure need the single cropping list to execute.Main enforcement link is as follows:
(1) determines soil control salt target according to the salt tolerant threshold value of soil background salt content and the crops seedling stage of planting, irritate soil moisture water pouring salt after the soil rotary tillage and make moisture in the soil
A. determine soil control salt target according to the salt tolerant threshold value of soil background salt content and the crops seedling stage of planting
Because crop is generally seedling stage salinity the most responsive period, therefore, can determine the soil control salt standard in crop-planting zone according to the salt tolerant threshold range of plantation crops seedling stage.The soil salt that should guarantee the main Root Distribution layer of crop is not higher than this control salt standard.The main root zone degree of depth of crop, salt sensitive periods and salt tolerant threshold value are as follows:
The main root zone of corn is the salt sensitive crop in 60 cm, the salt tolerant threshold value is 1.7 g/kg, so corn planting zone 60 cm degree of depth place soil salt contents should not be higher than 1.7 g/kg;
The main root zone of barley is in 30 cm, and the salinity sensitive periods is seedling stage and jointing-booting stage, and the salt tolerant threshold value is 6.0 g/kg, so barley cultivation zone 30 cm degree of depth place soil salt contents should not be higher than 6.0 g/kg;
B. rotary tillage is broken soil compaction to improve pouring salt efficient, in conjunction with the four electrode sensors monitoring to the main root zone degree of depth of crop place soil salt, makes moisture in the soil at crop preseeding irrigation soil moisture washing salt
At first to topsoil 20 cm rotary tillages, to break soil compaction and loose topsoil, improve topsoil and drench salt efficient before the irrigation.Simultaneously, according to the main root zone degree of depth, salt tolerant threshold value and the soil control salt standard of plantation crop varieties, in conjunction with the monitoring of the dynamic real-time of four electrode salt sub sensors, beach saline land is carried out the soil moisture crystal measure irrigation and make moisture in the soil to press salt.Four electrode salt sub sensors only need be buried underground at the main root zone degree of depth of crop place and get final product.For barley, only need to bury sensor underground at 30 ~ 35 cm places, corn needs to bury sensor underground at 60 ~ 65 cm places.Soil moisture water irrigate to adopt intermittently alternative irrigation method, irritates the 50 mm water yields at every turn, water of every filling, treat that it infiltrates substantially after, irritate next water again, accomplish that the face of land do not have ponding; During the intermittent irrigation, gathered four electrode salinity sensing datas every 2 hours, treat to stop to irrigate after soil salt content that these data reflect is not higher than control salt index (crop salt tolerant threshold value).
(2) in the mode of base manure in native top application with a certain amount of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer
Treat soil see do after, use a certain proportion of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer according to the plantation agrotype, these two kinds of fertilizer all evenly apply as base manure.Farm organic fertilizer refers to that every mu of consumption is 1000 kilograms of fresh weights through the feces of livestock and poultry farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed (organic matter 〉=30 g/kg, full nitrogen 〉=3.5 g/kg, full phosphorus 〉=1.5 g/kg, available potassium 〉=200 mg/kg); Answer nitrogen pick-up to mend the principle of the suitable potassium of phosphorus according to beach saline land, use and do not contain ammonium ion and chlorion, N-P
2O
5-K
2The O percentage by weight is the composite fertilizer of 18-22-8 or 15-20-10, total fertilization amount according to Different Crop in breeding time nutrient uptake feature and soil fertility situation determine.Being example with the nitrogen amount, barley can apply whole 60 ~ 70%wt with the nitrogen amount as base manure, and corn will be all applies as base manure with 30 ~ 40%wt of nitrogen amount.
(3) rotary tillage again is with soil, farm organic fertilizer and base manure stirring and evenly mixing
Utilize rotovator to 20 cm degree of depth soil layer rotary tillages, one side is chesson again, rotary tillage soil layer that on the other hand can salt content is lower and fertilizer, base manure stirring and evenly mixing; The rotary tillage degree of depth generally should not surpass 30 cm, in order to avoid the high salty soil of deep layer is turned over to the top layer.Because after irrigating the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, the distribution of soil salt on section presents with the degree of depth increase trend of rising gradually, therefore, is not higher than the salt tolerant threshold value when irrigating the main root zone degree of depth of ensuing crop place soil salt, 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer salinity then significantly is lower than this threshold value.If the soil rotary tillage is dark excessively, the average soil salt content of rotary tillage soil layer will be improved.
(4) the machinery trench digging is built high furrow
The mechanical high furrow of having ditched.At winter crops, ridge-up bed 20 ~ 30 cm above ground level, furrow across back 2.5 ~ 3.5 m, furrow bottom width 15 ~ 25 cm; At summer crop, because of the coastal region rainwater more concentrated, ridge-up bed 25 ~ 35 cm above ground level, furrow across back 2 ~ 3 m, furrow bottom width 20 ~ 30 cm.
(5) crop mulch bunch planting on the furrow
Rise behind the furrow in 1 ~ 2 day, as early as possible at the furrow upper seeding wheel, in order to avoid the soil moisture loss.At wheat crops such as barley, wheats, use Mulching and hill-drop sowing machine once to finish sowing and overlay film, plastic sheeting for farm use should not be too thick or too thin, is advisable with the degradable plastic sheeting for farm use of thickness 0.006 ~ 0.008 mm, too thickly influence crop and emerge, too thin easy-weathering damages influences soil control salt effect.For corn, live cotton etc., in face punching sowing, plastic sheeting for farm use thickness is advisable with 0.008 ~ 0.014 mm behind the mechanical film.
(6) the technical method single cropping recycles
This method has reusability, can be at each crop cycle applications in season; When crop was changed crops, farm organic fertilizer and base manure needed the single cropping list to execute; This method number of applications is more many, and the effect of fostering and apply fertilizer of improving the soil is more remarkable.
Claims (1)
1. the control salt fertilizer application method of strand dry farming saline land barley-corn crop rotation systems is characterized in that step is:
(1) determine soil control salt target according to the salt tolerant threshold value in soil background salt content and barley-corn crop seedling stage, irritate soil moisture water after the soil rotary tillage and drench salt and make moisture in the soil:
A. determine soil control salt target according to the salt tolerant threshold value of soil background salt content and the crops seedling stage of planting:
The soil salt that guarantees the main Root Distribution layer of barley-corn crop is not higher than this control salt standard, and the main root zone degree of depth of this crop rotation systems crop and salt tolerant threshold value are as follows:
The main root zone of corn is in 60 cm, and the salt tolerant threshold value is 1.7 g/kg, so corn planting zone 60 cm degree of depth place soil salt contents should not be higher than 1.7 g/kg;
The main root zone of barley is in 30 cm, and the salt tolerant threshold value is 6.0 g/kg, so barley cultivation zone 30 cm degree of depth place soil salt contents should not be higher than 6.0 g/kg;
B. rotary tillage is broken soil compaction to improve pouring salt efficient, in conjunction with the four electrode sensors monitoring to the main root zone degree of depth of crop place soil salt, makes moisture in the soil at crop preseeding irrigation soil moisture washing salt:
At first to topsoil 20 cm rotary tillages, during the plantation barley, bury four electrode salt sub sensors underground at 30 ~ 35 cm places before the irrigation, during maize planting, bury four electrode salt sub sensors underground at 60 ~ 65 cm places; Dynamic real-time monitoring soil salt content carries out soil moisture water to soil and irrigates to press salt to make moisture in the soil, and soil moisture water is irrigated and adopted intermittently alternative irrigation method, irritates the 50 mm water yields at every turn, water of every filling, treat that it infiltrates after, irritate next water again, accomplish that the face of land do not have ponding; During the intermittent irrigation, gathered four electrode salinity sensing datas every 2 hours, treat to stop to irrigate after soil salt content that these data reflect is not higher than control salt index;
(2) in the mode of base manure in native top application with a certain amount of farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer:
Treat soil see do after, use farm organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer: farm organic fertilizer refers to the feces of livestock and poultry farmyard manure through becoming thoroughly decomposed, wherein organic matter 〉=30 g/kg, full nitrogen 〉=3.5 g/kg, full phosphorus 〉=1.5 g/kg, available potassium 〉=200 mg/kg, every mu of consumption is 1000 kilograms of fresh weights; Composite fertilizer is not for containing ammonium ion and chlorion, N-P
2O
5-K
2The O percentage by weight is the composite fertilizer of 18-22-8 or 15-20-10, and barley is by all applying as base manure with 60 ~ 70%wt of nitrogen amount, and 30 ~ 40%wt that corn is pressed all with the nitrogen amount applies as base manure;
(3) rotary tillage again, with soil, farm organic fertilizer and base manure stirring and evenly mixing:
Utilize rotovator to 20 cm degree of depth soil layer rotary tillages, chesson, the rotary tillage soil layer that salt content is lower and fertilizer, base manure stirring and evenly mixing;
(4) the machinery trench digging is built high furrow:
The mechanical high furrow of having ditched: at winter crops, ridge-up bed 20 ~ 30 cm above ground level, furrow across back 2.5 ~ 3.5 m, furrow bottom width 15 ~ 25 cm; At summer crop, ridge-up bed 25 ~ 35 cm above ground level, furrow across back 2 ~ 3 m, furrow bottom width 20 ~ 30 cm;
(5) crop mulch bunch planting on the furrow:
Rise behind the furrow in 1 ~ 2 day, at the furrow upper seeding wheel, at barley, use Mulching and hill-drop sowing machine once to finish sowing and overlay film, film thickness 0.006 ~ 0.008 mm; At corn, in face punching sowing, plastic sheeting for farm use thickness is with 0.008 ~ 0.014 mm behind the mechanical film.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310149539.9A CN103238431B (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2013-04-25 | Method for salt controlling and fertilizing of coastal dry-farming saline-alkali soil barley-corn rotation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310149539.9A CN103238431B (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2013-04-25 | Method for salt controlling and fertilizing of coastal dry-farming saline-alkali soil barley-corn rotation system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103238431A true CN103238431A (en) | 2013-08-14 |
| CN103238431B CN103238431B (en) | 2015-01-07 |
Family
ID=48918577
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310149539.9A Expired - Fee Related CN103238431B (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2013-04-25 | Method for salt controlling and fertilizing of coastal dry-farming saline-alkali soil barley-corn rotation system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103238431B (en) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103975666A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-08-13 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Method for controlling salinity of medium and severe salinized soils applicable for cotton culture |
| CN103988680A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-20 | 榆林市土壤肥料工作站 | Cultivation method for increasing yield of high-moisture soil spring maize |
| CN105009845A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2015-11-04 | 东营市能远农业科技有限公司 | Saline land plantation miscanthus method |
| CN105660097A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-06-15 | 山东农业大学 | Method for summer corn salt-controlled yield increase in light and moderate saline-alkali soil of Yellow River Delta |
| CN105794484A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-27 | 连云港市农业科学院 | No-tillage planting method of tomato in northern Suzhou intertidal zone saline-alkali soil |
| CN105875164A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-24 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Method for no-tillage watermelon cultivation in Northern Jiangsu intertidal zone saline-alkali soil |
| CN106332741A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-18 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali land water saving and salinity control irrigation system |
| CN106385844A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for water saving and salt avoidance |
| CN107896545A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-13 | 南充有机蔬菜工程技术中心 | A kind of method for aiding in solving the salinization of soil using the crop rotation of ice dish |
| CN108575172A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | A kind of implantation methods that river sand and organic fertilizer are used for salt-soda soil |
| CN109673193A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-04-26 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of alkaline land soil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching system and desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching method |
| CN110042727A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-07-23 | 广州星卫草业服务有限公司 | A kind of construction method of natural grass sports field root zone |
| CN110252789A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-09-20 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of strand lake and reservoir desalination control salt method |
| CN111345205A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-30 | 文山壮族苗族自治州农业科学院 | Multi-cropping efficient planting method for grain and feed crops |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06225628A (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 1994-08-16 | Fujikoo:Kk | Method for planting plant community in littoral zone |
| CN102057775A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Controlled-salinity cultivation method for plating crop on moderate and medium and severe saline-alkali soil |
-
2013
- 2013-04-25 CN CN201310149539.9A patent/CN103238431B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06225628A (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 1994-08-16 | Fujikoo:Kk | Method for planting plant community in littoral zone |
| CN102057775A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Controlled-salinity cultivation method for plating crop on moderate and medium and severe saline-alkali soil |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 余世鹏等: "不同水肥盐调控措施对盐碱耕地综合质量的影响", 《土壤通报》 * |
| 戈敢: "《盐碱地改良》", 30 June 1987, 北京市水利电力出版社 * |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105009845A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2015-11-04 | 东营市能远农业科技有限公司 | Saline land plantation miscanthus method |
| CN103988680A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-20 | 榆林市土壤肥料工作站 | Cultivation method for increasing yield of high-moisture soil spring maize |
| CN103975666B (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2015-12-30 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | A kind of method being applicable to cotton culture moderate severe salinization soil control salt |
| CN103975666A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-08-13 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Method for controlling salinity of medium and severe salinized soils applicable for cotton culture |
| CN105660097B (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2018-06-05 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of light moderate saline-alkali soil summer corn control salt method for increasing in the Huanghe delta |
| CN105660097A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-06-15 | 山东农业大学 | Method for summer corn salt-controlled yield increase in light and moderate saline-alkali soil of Yellow River Delta |
| CN105794484A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-27 | 连云港市农业科学院 | No-tillage planting method of tomato in northern Suzhou intertidal zone saline-alkali soil |
| CN105875164A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-24 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Method for no-tillage watermelon cultivation in Northern Jiangsu intertidal zone saline-alkali soil |
| CN106332741A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-18 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali land water saving and salinity control irrigation system |
| CN106385844A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for water saving and salt avoidance |
| CN107896545A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-13 | 南充有机蔬菜工程技术中心 | A kind of method for aiding in solving the salinization of soil using the crop rotation of ice dish |
| CN110042727A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-07-23 | 广州星卫草业服务有限公司 | A kind of construction method of natural grass sports field root zone |
| CN108575172A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | A kind of implantation methods that river sand and organic fertilizer are used for salt-soda soil |
| CN111345205A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-30 | 文山壮族苗族自治州农业科学院 | Multi-cropping efficient planting method for grain and feed crops |
| CN109673193A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-04-26 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of alkaline land soil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching system and desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching method |
| CN109673193B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2023-08-18 | 山东农业大学 | Saline-alkali soil salt washing system and salt washing method |
| CN110252789A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-09-20 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of strand lake and reservoir desalination control salt method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103238431B (en) | 2015-01-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103238431B (en) | Method for salt controlling and fertilizing of coastal dry-farming saline-alkali soil barley-corn rotation system | |
| CN102037805B (en) | Method for controlling salt and saving water of nutritional soil for planting crops on mudflat saline-alkali land | |
| CN108738457A (en) | A kind of synthesis improvement method suitable for inland pole arid area salt-soda soil | |
| CN102057775B (en) | Controlled-salinity cultivation method for plating crop on moderate and medium and severe saline-alkali soil | |
| CN104082031B (en) | A kind of arid biogeographic zone heavily salted original soil greening method | |
| Buttar et al. | Methods of planting and irrigation at various levels of nitrogen affect the seed yield and water use efficiency in transplanted oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) | |
| CN102550161A (en) | Method for improving moderate saline-alkali soil and planting pasture | |
| CN104221522B (en) | A kind of modification method of discarded salt pan | |
| CN105359786B (en) | A kind of method of arid biogeographic zone saturation heavily salted soil plantation Suaeda salsa | |
| CN102210213B (en) | Method for applying fertilizer to wheat and corn crop rotation system in dry farming saline-alkali areas | |
| CN109197411B (en) | Method for planting salt-tolerant forage grass in arid region by drip irrigation under deep-furrow wide-ridge film in sandy soil | |
| CN106386065A (en) | Film-covering and punching planting method for secondary saline-alkali land in Yellow River irrigation district | |
| CN106358685A (en) | Method for drip irrigation planting of suaeda salsa in saline-alkali land | |
| CN105284368B (en) | Seedling protection planting method for saline-alkali soil corns | |
| CN106342436A (en) | Method for controlling salt up-going and soil surface accumulation of secondary salinization land | |
| CN110073756A (en) | A kind of beach newly encloses tideland for cultivation the efficient modification method of farmland soil | |
| CN109354546A (en) | A kind of conditioning fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof for improveing alkaline land soil | |
| CN108496723A (en) | A kind of beach saline land rice field-pond fishman's method of comprehensive utilization | |
| CN107155595A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of shed for pepper | |
| CN109392349A (en) | A kind of tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation plantation sesbania method | |
| CN108605676A (en) | A kind of water-saving oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers method of control salt plantation of saline-alkali wetland | |
| CN104604387B (en) | Saline land improvement and high-yield cultivation method | |
| CN105794484A (en) | No-tillage planting method of tomato in northern Suzhou intertidal zone saline-alkali soil | |
| CN105875164A (en) | Method for no-tillage watermelon cultivation in Northern Jiangsu intertidal zone saline-alkali soil | |
| CN106385846A (en) | Method for retarding salt surface accumulation in saline-alkali land of Yellow River irrigation district |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150107 Termination date: 20210425 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |