CN105284368B - Seedling protection planting method for saline-alkali soil corns - Google Patents
Seedling protection planting method for saline-alkali soil corns Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105284368B CN105284368B CN201510735613.4A CN201510735613A CN105284368B CN 105284368 B CN105284368 B CN 105284368B CN 201510735613 A CN201510735613 A CN 201510735613A CN 105284368 B CN105284368 B CN 105284368B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- saline
- mulching film
- corn
- corns
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling protection planting method of saline-alkali soil corns, which comprises the following steps: after harvesting the autumn corns, uniformly paving the crushed straws on the ground surface, applying fertilizers, turning over, spreading saline-alkali soil conditioners, rotary tillage, paving films and the like, and planting the corns on the films when the ground temperature reaches the sowing requirement in spring. According to the invention, soil evaporation (salt return caused by evaporation) is reduced by the soil conditioner and the film laying in advance, the salinity and alkalinity of the soil are effectively reduced, the soil temperature is improved, the influence of salinity and alkalinity on the growth and development of the corn seedling stage is avoided, the seedling protection rate is improved, and the corn yield is obviously improved. Meanwhile, the method does not need spring watering and salt washing, not only saves water resources, but also solves the problem that water cannot timely seep after spring watering to affect seeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a seedling protection planting method for saline-alkali soil corns.
Background
At present, the low seedling protection rate, the seedling shortage and the ridge breaking are common problems of the corns in the saline-alkali soil in China and are one of the main reasons for the yield reduction of the corns in the saline-alkali soil. The seedling protection rate of the saline-alkali soil corns is improved, and the method has very important significance for improving the corn yield. At present, the peasant improvement seedling protection rate mainly adopts a watering salt pressing method, and the method has three main problems, namely that the water infiltration speed is slow after watering due to the fact that most of underground water levels of saline-alkali soil are high, soil humidity is too large and seeding can not be carried out on time, watering pressure and salt water demand are large, a large amount of water resources are wasted, third, salt return in a seedling stage is difficult to avoid, and the phenomenon of seedling withering after raining often appears.
Therefore, a sustainable saline-alkali soil corn seedling protection planting method which can sow on time, save water, prevent salt return in the seedling stage and is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a saline-alkali soil corn seedling-keeping planting method without watering salt, aiming at overcoming the problems that the existing seedling-keeping planting method by watering salt is large in water consumption and seeding on time is influenced by slow infiltration speed of water.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a seedling protection planting method for saline-alkali soil corns comprises the following steps:
s1, after harvesting autumn corns, uniformly paving ground straws after crushing the straws, wherein the length of the crushed straws is less than or equal to 10 cm;
s2, applying 1500 & 2000 kilograms of farmyard manure or stable manure on the surface of each mu of land and 40 kilograms of NPK compound fertilizer with the nutrient content being more than or equal to 45%, and applying 10 kilograms of urea on each mu of land;
s3, ploughing the soil with a furrow plough, wherein the ploughing depth is 18-20cm, and the straws are completely ploughed into the soil, so that no residue is left on the ground surface;
s4, broadcasting 40 kg of JNDAG-01 soda saline-alkali soil improver (produced by Shanxi university of agriculture) on the ground surface per mu;
s5, carrying out rotary tillage by using a rotary cultivator, wherein the rotary tillage depth is less than or equal to 10 cm;
s6, spreading the film by using a corn film-spreading seeder, wherein the polyethylene film is required to meet the regulation of GB 13735; the width of the mulching film is 80cm, the thickness of the mulching film is 0.008mm, and a mulching film is laid for 1 m;
s7, covering spade soil on the mulching film paved in the step S6 at intervals of 5 meters, simultaneously checking the covering soil on two sides of the paved film, and if the covering soil is not good, timely supplementing the covering soil;
s8, in spring, when the ground temperature 5cm below the local surface is more than or equal to 10 ℃, punching and sowing on the mulching film by using a corn mulching and sowing machine, wherein the row spacing of the corn on the mulching film is 40 cm;
and S9, adopting the conventional management of corn planting until harvesting.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the operation is convenient, special agricultural machinery is not needed, the existing film laying and on-film sowing integrated machine is changed into twice operation of film laying and sowing, the cost is low, the effect is good, and the application range is wide.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
A seedling protection planting method for saline-alkali soil corns comprises the following steps:
s1, after harvesting autumn corns, uniformly paving ground straws after crushing the straws, wherein the length of the crushed straws is less than or equal to 10 cm;
s2, applying 1500 & 2000 kilograms of farmyard manure or stable manure on the surface of each mu of land and 40 kilograms of NPK compound fertilizer with the nutrient content being more than or equal to 45%, and applying 10 kilograms of urea on each mu of land;
s3, ploughing the soil with a furrow plough, wherein the ploughing depth is 18-20cm, and the straws are completely ploughed into the soil, so that no residue is left on the ground surface;
s4, broadcasting 40 kg of JNDAG-01 soda saline-alkali soil improver (produced by Shanxi university of agriculture) on the ground surface per mu;
s5, carrying out rotary tillage by using a rotary cultivator, wherein the rotary tillage depth is less than or equal to 10 cm;
s6, spreading the film by using a corn film-spreading seeder, wherein the polyethylene film is required to meet the regulation of GB 13735; the width of the mulching film is 80cm, the thickness of the mulching film is 0.008mm, and a mulching film is laid for 1 m;
s7, covering spade soil on the mulching film paved in the step S6 at intervals of 5 meters, simultaneously checking the covering soil on two sides of the paved film, and if the covering soil is not good, timely supplementing the covering soil;
s8, in spring, when the ground temperature 5cm below the local surface is more than or equal to 10 ℃, punching and sowing on the mulching film by using a corn mulching and sowing machine, wherein the row spacing of the corn on the mulching film is 40 cm;
and S9, adopting the conventional management of corn planting until harvesting.
The principle of the specific implementation is as follows:
(1) saline alkali in the saline-alkali soil has the characteristic of repeated year round, namely, the corn leaves seep with rainfall after covering the ground surface (mainly in summer and autumn), the bare ground surface (mainly in spring and winter) is accumulated on the ground surface along with water evaporation after the corn is harvested, and the accumulation of the saline alkali on the ground surface can be effectively reduced by reducing the water evaporation of the soil;
(2) the mulching film is one of the most effective measures for reducing the soil evaporation, and the mulching film is laid on the ground after the corn is harvested (the ground surface is exposed), so that the moisture evaporation under the mulching film can be effectively reduced, the salt and alkali accumulation of the ground surface under the mulching film is reduced, the lower salt and alkali degree under the mulching film during the corn sowing in the spring of the second year is ensured, the influence of the salt and alkali on the corn yield is reduced, and the seedling protection rate is improved.
Examples
The experiment was carried out in Xinfu district, North Yi village, Xinxi province, Shanxi province.
The test area is 20 mu, the test area is a moderate saline-alkali soil, the pH value is 9.2, the salt content in root seasons is 0.45%, farmers routinely use the method of watering the salt to protect seedlings, and the average seedling protection rate in the past year is about 60%.
And (4) harvesting corn in a test field (corn conventionally planted by farmers) by adopting a corn combine harvester in 2013, 10 and 2, and crushing the straws.
1000 kilograms of organic fertilizer, 40 kilograms of compound fertilizer with the NPK content of 15-15-15 and 10 kilograms of urea are broadcast in each acre of 10 months and 3 days in 2013.
Ploughing by using a 80 horsepower tractor with three ploughshares in the year of 2013, 10 months and 4 days, wherein the ploughing depth is 20cm, completely ploughing the straws into the soil, and then broadcasting 40 kilograms of saline-alkali soil conditioner (produced by Shanxi agriculture university) per mu.
Leveling the land with a rotary cultivator to a cultivation depth of 10 cm.
And (5) spreading the mulching film by using a 25-horsepower small tractor with a corn mulching film spreading seeder (a seeding system is removed) in 2013, 10 months and 5 days, wherein the width of the mulching film is 80cm, and the thickness of the mulching film is 0.008 mm.
Covering spade soil on the mulching film at intervals of 5 meters, simultaneously checking the film paving quality, and timely supplementing the covering soil on two sides with poor covering soil to prevent the mulching film from being scraped by wind in winter.
4, 21 days in 2014, and sowing by using a corn film-laying seeder (removing a film-laying system) used in the last year.
The test effect is investigated in 6-10 months (corn harvest period) in 2014, and the result shows that the seedling protection rate reaches over 93 percent after the film covering treatment in autumn, the seedling protection rate of the contrast is only 63 percent, the difference between the seedling protection rate and the contrast is 30 percent, and the seedling protection rate is obviously improved. Through soil sampling and testing, the pH of the soil 10cm below the mulching film is 8.3, which is reduced by 0.9 compared with the control, the salt content of the soil in root seasons is 0.24%, and the salt content of the soil in root seasons is reduced by 46% compared with the control. From the later expression of the corn, the phenomenon of withering of seedlings caused by salt and alkali does not occur.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A seedling protection planting method for saline-alkali soil corns is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, after harvesting autumn corns, uniformly paving ground straws after crushing the straws, wherein the length of the crushed straws is less than or equal to 10 cm;
s2, applying 1500-2000 kilograms of animal manure or farmyard manure per mu of ground surface and 40 kilograms of NPK compound fertilizer with the nutrient content being more than or equal to 45 percent;
s3, ploughing the soil with a furrow plough, wherein the ploughing depth is 18-20cm, and the straws are completely ploughed into the soil, so that no residue is left on the ground surface;
s4, broadcasting 40 kg of saline-alkali soil conditioner per mu of ground surface, wherein the saline-alkali soil conditioner is a soda saline-alkali soil conditioner;
s5, carrying out rotary tillage by using a rotary cultivator, wherein the rotary tillage depth is less than or equal to 10 cm;
s6, spreading the mulching film by using a corn mulching film spreading seeder, wherein the width of the mulching film is 80cm, the thickness of the mulching film is 0.008mm, 1 m of the mulching film is spread, and the mulching film is a polyethylene film and meets the regulation of GB 13735;
s7, covering spade soil on the mulching film paved in the step S6 at intervals of 5 meters, simultaneously checking the covering soil on two sides of the paved film, and if the covering soil is not good, timely supplementing the covering soil;
s8, in spring, when the ground temperature 5cm below the local surface is more than or equal to 10 ℃, punching and sowing on the mulching film by using a corn mulching and sowing machine, wherein the row spacing of the corn on the mulching film is 40 cm;
and S9, adopting the conventional management of corn planting until harvesting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510735613.4A CN105284368B (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Seedling protection planting method for saline-alkali soil corns |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510735613.4A CN105284368B (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Seedling protection planting method for saline-alkali soil corns |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105284368A CN105284368A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
| CN105284368B true CN105284368B (en) | 2021-08-10 |
Family
ID=55182892
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510735613.4A Expired - Fee Related CN105284368B (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Seedling protection planting method for saline-alkali soil corns |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105284368B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106386047A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for planting corn in saline-alkali land in Hetao irrigation area |
| CN106478263B (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2020-03-31 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Saline-alkali soil corn planting method |
| CN108633673A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-12 | 山东胜伟旅游发展有限公司 | A method of utilizing saline and alkaline real estate soybean extract oil |
| CN108811581B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2021-02-09 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | Method for improving coastal heavy saline-alkali soil |
| CN110981586A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-04-10 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Soil conditioner for northeast soda saline-alkali soil, preparation method of soil conditioner and method for planting corn by using soil conditioner |
| CN113575011A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-02 | 河北工程大学 | Farming and fertilizing method for soda saline-alkali soil based on agricultural and industrial wastes |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102160482A (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2011-08-24 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Salt-resistant type terrace planting method for seaside salt wasteland |
| CN102550159A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-07-11 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Method and system for controlling salt of saline-alkali soil |
| CN102640653A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-08-22 | 山东省农业科学院高新技术研究中心 | Method utilizing coastal saline soil of Yellow River Delta to grow peanuts |
| CN103650692A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-26 | 泉州师范学院 | Sand modification method suitable for high-wind-erosion and high-water-erosion areas |
| CN103814647A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-05-28 | 深圳市万信达生态环境股份有限公司 | Saline land improvement method appropriate for arid and semi-arid region |
| CN103891449A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for rapidly constructing soda salinized dry farmland |
| CN103975666A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-08-13 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Method for controlling salinity of medium and severe salinized soils applicable for cotton culture |
| CN104885610A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-09 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Method for controlling salinity of saline and alkaline land |
-
2015
- 2015-10-29 CN CN201510735613.4A patent/CN105284368B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102160482A (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2011-08-24 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Salt-resistant type terrace planting method for seaside salt wasteland |
| CN102550159A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-07-11 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Method and system for controlling salt of saline-alkali soil |
| CN102640653A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-08-22 | 山东省农业科学院高新技术研究中心 | Method utilizing coastal saline soil of Yellow River Delta to grow peanuts |
| CN103650692A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-26 | 泉州师范学院 | Sand modification method suitable for high-wind-erosion and high-water-erosion areas |
| CN103814647A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-05-28 | 深圳市万信达生态环境股份有限公司 | Saline land improvement method appropriate for arid and semi-arid region |
| CN103891449A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for rapidly constructing soda salinized dry farmland |
| CN103975666A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-08-13 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Method for controlling salinity of medium and severe salinized soils applicable for cotton culture |
| CN104885610A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-09 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Method for controlling salinity of saline and alkaline land |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105284368A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105284368B (en) | Seedling protection planting method for saline-alkali soil corns | |
| CN103583198B (en) | Whole-process mechanized operation method for full-film double-furrow corn planting | |
| CN104488493B (en) | Inland is arid, cool Saline-alkali Land Semen Maydis full-film covering implantation methods | |
| CN103299817B (en) | Protective culture method for houttuynia cordata | |
| CN107466645B (en) | Cultivation method suitable for feeding and harvesting oil and rape in northern area | |
| CN104350991A (en) | Semi-no-tillage machine ditching and broadcast sowing cultivation method of wheat following rice | |
| CN104737755B (en) | A kind of corn planting machineryization conservation tillage method of suitable sticky hardened soil | |
| CN107646560A (en) | The implantation methods of Alpine-arctic Pastoral alfalfa | |
| CN104938200B (en) | Xinjiang South Sinkiang cotton region broadcast before non-winter irrigation or non-spring irrigation continuous cropping Cotton Field under Drip Irrigation water-saving seedling method | |
| CN104770188A (en) | Planting, plowing and ridging method for green manure on tobacco stubble | |
| CN105766120A (en) | Method for utilizing straw deep placement and returning application for improving soil fertility and crop yield | |
| CN105165375A (en) | Planting method of spring rapes | |
| CN104186261A (en) | Hybrid rice water saving direct sowing cultivation method based on smashing, burying and retuning to field of preceding crop straw | |
| CN105123406A (en) | Cultivation method for high-yield green tea trees | |
| CN105493678A (en) | Method for improving orchard soil | |
| CN103703982A (en) | Isatis root high-yield planting method | |
| CN108174645A (en) | A kind of method for improving alkaline land soil fertility by planting prairie milk vetch | |
| CN110946047A (en) | Method for cultivating crops by covering ridge side (wide width) and furrow sowing on dry land with straws | |
| CN103583195A (en) | Plastic-film cultivation method of corn | |
| CN107197664B (en) | Facility burdock cultivation method | |
| CN106069017B (en) | A kind of prevention and control underground pest and disease damage improves the green alternating method that peanut yield is constituted | |
| CN109169048B (en) | Method for cultivating oilseed rape for feeding in saline-alkali soil | |
| CN109511478B (en) | Bupleurum root black whole-film micro-furrow hole sowing planting method | |
| CN107360841A (en) | A kind of method in salt-soda soil plantation sunflower | |
| CN109005818B (en) | Straw-covered novel comprehensive cultivation method for tillage soil preparation, no-tillage water replenishing, seeding and seedling protection |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Guo Zhengyu Inventor after: Gong Shuai Inventor after: Zhang Zhongdong Inventor after: Zhai Guangqian Inventor after: Chen Yongxin Inventor after: Jiao Jianwei Inventor after: Wu Guoping Inventor before: Zhang Zhongdong Inventor before: Guo Zhengyu Inventor before: Zhai Guangqian Inventor before: Gong Shuai Inventor before: Chen Yongxin Inventor before: Jiao Jianwei Inventor before: Wu Guoping |
|
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20210716 Address after: No.14, Xinjian North Road, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province 034000 Applicant after: Corn Research Institute of Shanxi Agricultural University (corn Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences) Address before: No.14, Xinjian North Road, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province 034000 Applicant before: CORN Research Institute SHANXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20210810 Termination date: 20211029 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |