CN114402734A - Water-saving and salt-controlling method for interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Water-saving and salt-controlling method for interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114402734A CN114402734A CN202210222721.1A CN202210222721A CN114402734A CN 114402734 A CN114402734 A CN 114402734A CN 202210222721 A CN202210222721 A CN 202210222721A CN 114402734 A CN114402734 A CN 114402734A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The invention provides a water-saving and salt-controlling method for interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil, and belongs to the technical field of salt control of saline-alkali soil. The method comprises the steps of punching soil and irrigating sand before irrigating water in a farmland; the depth of the holes is 80-100 cm, and the density of the holes is 3-5 holes/m2. According to the method, the clay interlayer is broken through punching and sand filling, so that the problems that the clay interlayer prevents washing salt water from being difficult to leak to a deep layer and is easy to return salt are solved, the accumulation of salt on the surface layer of the soil can be effectively reduced, the water-salt environment in the seedling stage is improved, the salt content of the soil after winter or spring irrigation is reduced, the hardness of the surface layer of the soil in the seedling stage is reduced, and the cotton emergence rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil salt control, and particularly relates to a water-saving salt control method for interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil.
Background
The clay interlayer has obvious blocking effect on salt migration, so that the salt is greatly increased in the clay layer, and the salt leached to the deep layer is reduced. The strong evaporation effect also enables the dissolved salt in the soil to enter the surface layer of the soil, so that the surface layer soil is seriously accumulated with salt. The soil in the irrigation area is always in the vicious cycle process of salt washing, salt accumulation and salt washing, so that the soil layer of 0-60cm in the growth period of the cotton field is in a salt accumulation state. The clay interlayer prevents the salt washing water from leaking to the deep layer difficultly and is easy to return salt, so that the water saving, salt inhibiting and efficiency increasing are not obvious. In view of the above, there is an urgent need to provide an improvement measure for water and salt conservation and improvement of emergence rate of the interlayer soil of the heavy saline-alkali soil, so as to achieve the water-saving effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a water-saving and salt-controlling method for interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil, which can reduce the salt content of the soil after winter irrigation or spring irrigation, reduce the surface hardness of the soil in the seedling stage and improve the emergence rate of cotton.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for saving water and controlling salt of interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil comprises punching soil before irrigating farmland water; the depth of the holes is 80-100 cm, and the density of the holes is 3-5 holes/m2。
Preferably, the perforating and sand-pouring are performed immediately after the crop is harvested.
Preferably, the crop comprises cotton.
Preferably, the aperture of the punched hole is 3-8 cm.
Preferably, the drilling apparatus is a four-stroke earth boring drill.
Preferably, the sand grain diameter of the sand filling is 0.25-0.5 mm.
Preferably, the sand includes medium sand and coarse sand.
Preferably, the sand-filling comprises filling the entire hole with sand.
Preferably, the irrigation amount is 170-200 m3Per mu.
Preferably, the salt content of the heavy saline-alkali soil is 2.21-7.01 ms/cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a water-saving and salt-controlling method for interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil, which comprises the steps of punching and irrigating the soil before irrigating the farmland; the depth of the holes is 80-100 cm, and the density of the holes is 3-5 holes/m2. According to the method, the clay interlayer is broken through punching and sand filling, so that the problems that the clay interlayer prevents washing salt water from being difficult to leak to the deep layer and is easy to return salt are solved, the accumulation of salt on the surface layer of the soil is reduced, the water-salt environment in the seedling stage is improved, the salt content of the soil after winter or spring irrigation is reduced, the hardness of the surface layer of the soil in the seedling stage is reduced, and the cotton emergence rate is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates the drilling and sand-filling steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of winter irrigation of a control group;
FIG. 3 is the water content versus conductivity change for example 1 and a control soil;
FIG. 4 shows the hardness change of the surface soil at the seedling stage of example 1 and the control cotton; the left graph is hardness before irrigation, and the right graph is hardness after irrigation;
FIG. 5 shows the change in conductivity of soil at different locations in example 1 and control;
fig. 6 shows the cotton emergence rates of example 1 and the control.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for saving water and controlling salt of interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil, which comprises the steps of punching and irrigating the soil before irrigating the farmland; the depth of the holes is 80-100 cm, and the density of the holes is 3-5 holes/m2。
In the invention, the punching depth is preferably 85-95 cm, and more preferably 90 cm. The perforating depth limited by the invention can break the clay interlayer of deep soil, and the effects of obviously reducing the salt content of the soil and improving the water-salt environment of the soil in the seedling stage are achieved by changing the change process of the water and the salt of the soil, so that the emergence rate is improved and the growth is promoted.
In the invention, the punching and sand filling are preferably carried out after the crops are harvested and before the crops are filled in winter or spring; the crop preferably comprises cotton.
In the invention, the aperture of the punched hole is preferably 3-8 cm, and more preferably 6 cm. The punching equipment is not particularly limited, and conventional equipment in the field can be adopted. In one embodiment, the drilling apparatus of the present invention is a four-stroke ground drill.
In the invention, the grain size of the sand for sand filling is preferably 0.25-0.5 mm; the sand preferably comprises medium sand and coarse sand; the sanding preferably includes filling the entire hole with sand. The sand can be beneficial to the infiltration of irrigation water and takes away the salt in the soil.
In the invention, the irrigation quantity is preferably 170-200 m3Per mu, more preferably 180m3Per mu.
In the invention, the heavy saline-alkali soil refers to soil with total salt content of more than 6g/kg, preferably 2.21-7.01ms/cm, and more preferably 2.30 ms/cm.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Punching holes after cotton harvesting, adopting 6cm four-stroke ground drill with hole depth of 80cm, hole spacing of 1m and hole density of 4 holes/m2(ii) a Filling the holes with coarse sand and medium sand with the average grain diameter of 0.25-0.5 mm, and performing winter irrigation with the water amount of 180m3Per mu.
Example 2
Punching holes after cotton harvesting, adopting 8cm four-stroke ground drill with hole depth of 90cm, hole spacing of 1m and hole density of 3 holes/m2(ii) a Filling the holes with coarse sand and medium sand with the average grain diameter of 0.25-0.5 mm, and performing winter irrigation with the water amount of 170m3Per mu.
Example 3
Punching holes after cotton harvesting, adopting a 3cm four-stroke ground drill with the hole depth of 100cm, the hole spacing of 1m and the hole density of 5 holes/m2(ii) a Filling the holes with coarse sand and medium sand with average particle size of 0.25-0.5 mm, and performing spring irrigation with water amount of 200m in winter3Per mu.
Experimental example 1
2 treatments were set up in the experiment, inventive example 1 and control (conventional winter irrigation, water amount 240m in winter irrigation)3Per acre), each treated for 3 replicates for 6 cells, each cell area being 100m2. The geographical environment and soil salinity of each cell are 2.21 ms/cm.
And detecting the change of the water content and the conductivity of the soil before and after winter irrigation, the change of the hardness of the surface soil of the cotton seedling stage, the change of the conductivity of the soil at different positions and the emergence rate of the cotton.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the water content of each treatment after winter irrigation is slightly higher than that before winter irrigation, and overall, the difference of the average water content of 0-100 cm before and after irrigation in the embodiment 1 of the invention is small, and the difference of the comparison treatment is slightly large. The water content of each treatment is increased along with the increase of the depth of the soil layer at 0-100 cm, wherein the treatment is maximum at the position of the interlayer of 60-70cm, and the conductivity of the soil after irrigation is respectively reduced by 4.65% and 4.17% before irrigation compared with that in the embodiment 1 and the comparison treatment, which shows that the method can promote the infiltration of water and salt.
As can be seen from FIG. 4, in the expression of the surface hardness of the soil of 0-5cm, the surface hardness of the soil of example 1 and that of the control treatment are respectively 13.1kPa and 14.6kPa, which shows that the method of the invention can reduce the surface crust hardness of the soil to a certain extent and is beneficial to the emergence of cotton seedlings.
As can be seen from FIG. 5, the conductivity of the control treatment at each position is the greatest, indicating that the method of the present invention has a good salt control effect.
As can be seen from FIG. 6, the cotton emergence rate by the method of the present invention is 59.41%, and the control treatment emergence rate is 33.31%, which is improved by 78.4% compared with the control treatment.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for saving water and controlling salt of interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil is characterized in that the soil is punched and irrigated with sand before farmland irrigation; the depth of the holes is 80-100 cm, and the density of the holes is 3-5 holes/m2。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the perforating and sand-irrigating are performed immediately after harvesting the crop.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the crop comprises cotton.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the perforations have a pore size of 3-8 cm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the drilling apparatus is a four-stroke earth boring drill.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the sand for sand irrigation has a particle size of 0.25 to 0.5 mm.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the sand comprises medium sand and coarse sand.
8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the sand-filling comprises filling the entire hole with sand.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the irrigation amount is 170-200 m3Per mu.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the salt content of the heavy saline-alkali soil is 2.21-7.01 ms/cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210222721.1A CN114402734A (en) | 2022-03-09 | 2022-03-09 | Water-saving and salt-controlling method for interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210222721.1A CN114402734A (en) | 2022-03-09 | 2022-03-09 | Water-saving and salt-controlling method for interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101627675A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2010-01-20 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for improving kaline soil by layered drainage |
| CN103069945A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-05-01 | 天津海泰市政绿化有限公司 | Method for improving soil in saline-alkali land |
| CN106342436A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for controlling salt up-going and soil surface accumulation of secondary salinization land |
| CN109845443A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-07 | 新疆林科院造林治沙研究所 | A method of breaking Difficult site afforestation soil multi-layer impermeable stratum |
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- 2022-03-09 CN CN202210222721.1A patent/CN114402734A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101627675A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2010-01-20 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for improving kaline soil by layered drainage |
| CN103069945A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-05-01 | 天津海泰市政绿化有限公司 | Method for improving soil in saline-alkali land |
| CN106342436A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for controlling salt up-going and soil surface accumulation of secondary salinization land |
| CN109845443A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-07 | 新疆林科院造林治沙研究所 | A method of breaking Difficult site afforestation soil multi-layer impermeable stratum |
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