CN102972315A - Efficient pond cultivation method of matsuura mirror carp species - Google Patents
Efficient pond cultivation method of matsuura mirror carp species Download PDFInfo
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- CN102972315A CN102972315A CN2012105085558A CN201210508555A CN102972315A CN 102972315 A CN102972315 A CN 102972315A CN 2012105085558 A CN2012105085558 A CN 2012105085558A CN 201210508555 A CN201210508555 A CN 201210508555A CN 102972315 A CN102972315 A CN 102972315A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient pond cultivation method of matsuura mirror carp species, relates to the cultivation method of the matsuura mirror carp species, and aims at solving the problems of high feed coefficient, polluted aquaculture water, seriously polluted surrounding environment and low seedling survival rate of the existing cultivation method of the matsuura mirror carp. The method comprises the steps of 1, determining a pond condition, carrying out dry pond sterilization on the pond water, applying fermented and composted manure fertilizer; 2, breeding the seed; 3, feeding by feeds; 4, aquaculture management, not exchanging water in a breeding process, just supplying evaporating and leaking water and keeping dissolved oxygen over 5mg/L; and 5, controlling the water quality, monitoring the water quantity in the breeding process, and beginning to add a carbon source into the pond water to control the water quality when the concentration of ammonia n in the water is over 0.5mg/L, and starting an aerator during adding, wherein a bactericide is not used in the process of adding the carbon source. The method disclosed by the invention is used for cultivating the matsuura mirror carp species.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a kind of loose Pu mirror carp fingerling.
Background technology
Pine Pu mirror carp is on the basis of Germany Mirror Carp breeding line (F4), adopts the compound selection of colony's multiple characters in conjunction with the method seed selection of modern biotechnology, selects that growth is fast, build is good, premunition is strong etc. and has the fish new varieties of a plurality of merits.This kind is at China's spread.At present, loose Pu mirror carp cultivation is comprised that the cultivation in fingerling stage mostly continued to use traditional pond rearing method.
Yet, in the traditional pond rearing process of fish, weed survival rate is lower, food utilization efficiency is relatively poor, and the organic a large amount of accumulation of the corpse, the sediments of breeding water body etc. of residual bait, ight soil, dead organisms in the breeding process, cultured fishes self and surrounding enviroment are constituted a serious threat, seriously hindered the Sustainable Healthy Development of pond culture.Therefore, set up a kind ofly can reduce the Aquacultural water self-pollution, reducing breeding wastewater, to discharge, improve the efficient fingerling pond breeding method of cultured fishes food utilization efficiency and survival rate imperative.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the existing breeding method feed coefficient height of loose Pu mirror carp, breeding water body self-pollution and problem seriously polluted to surrounding enviroment and that weed survival rate is lower, and mirror carp fingerling pond, a kind of loose Pu high-efficient method for cultivating is provided.
Mirror carp fingerling pond, the present invention pine Pu high-efficient method for cultivating, carry out according to the following steps:
One, pond condition: pond area 1-3 mu, the pond waters degree of depth is 1.5-2.0 rice, the water source is underground water, be equipped with one of device for feeding fish bait, every mu of aerator that is equipped with 1-2 kilowatt, before fingerling stocking 10-15 days, pond waters is done pool sterilization, the quicklime consumption is thousand g/acres of 70-75, and every mu of dispensing can be put seed in 5-7 days through the muck 200-250 of fermentation maturity kilogram after the fertilising;
Two, seed is put in a suitable place to breed: select the summer flower fingerling that body surface is complete, the lopsided and anosis nothing of nothing is hindered to put in a suitable place to breed, breeding density is as follows: loose Pu mirror carp 2400 tails, silver carp 800 tails, flathead 400 tails, grass carp 400 tails;
Three, feedstuff feeding: the feed of throwing something and feeding is for being fit to the fingerling manufactured feed of the different vegetative stages of carp, when every meal is thrown something and fed, has the fish of 60%-70% to leave and can stop to throw something and feed, and the day feeding volume of feed is the 5%-10% of fish body weight, throws something and feeds every day 3～5 times;
Four, aquaculture management: in breeding process, do not change water, only replenish evaporation and water amount of seepage, by opening aerator Dissolved Oxygen in Water is remained on more than the 5mg/L;
Five, regulating and controlling water quality: in breeding process, carry out water quality monitoring, when water body ammonia nitrogen concentration during greater than 0.5mg/L, beginning is added carbon source in the pond waters and is regulated and control water quality, every 1-2 week is added carbon source once, described carbon source is comprised of 65% molasses, 30% popcorn and 5% functional additive by weight percentage, and the addition of each carbon source calculates as follows: Δ CH=20 * H * S * C
NH3-N/ Δ C, wherein Δ CH is the amount (g) of adding carbon source in the water body, and H is the pond waters degree of depth (m), and S is pond waters area (m
2), C
NH3-NFor surveying ammonia-nitrogen content (mg/L) in the pond waters, Δ C is the content (%) of carbohydrate in the carbon source; The interpolation time is the fine morning, and adding method stirs evenly rear full pond and evenly splashes for carbon source is mixed with pond water, and unlatching aerator during interpolation does not use bactericide in the interpolation carbon source process.
The inventive method is changed on the water base plinth at breeding water body zero, promote the amount reproduction of heterotrophic bacteria in the water environment by artificial interpolation carbon source, utilize the bacterial assimilation inorganic nitrogen, the harmful nitrogenous source of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite etc. in the water body is changed into mycoprotein, and flocculate into particulate matter by bacterium, quilt cultivation fingerling is ingested, and can reduce the Aquacultural water self-pollution, plays the effect that improves water quality, promotion Cycle of nutrients recycling, reduction feed coefficient, raising cultivated animals survival rate.
The inventive method does not need to discharge owing to need not to change breeding water body, therefore there is not any pollution in surrounding enviroment.Can Effective Regulation water quality, improve food utilization efficiency and Song Pu mirror carp survival rate, the present invention pine Pu mirror carp survival rate can reach 94%-96%, and total feed coefficient is 1.35-1.42.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises any combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: mirror carp fingerling pond, present embodiment pine Pu high-efficient method for cultivating, carry out according to the following steps:
One, pond condition: pond area 1-3 mu, the pond waters degree of depth is 1.5-2.0 rice, the water source is underground water, be equipped with one of device for feeding fish bait, every mu of aerator that is equipped with 1-2 kilowatt, before fingerling stocking 10-15 days, pond waters is done pool sterilization, the quicklime consumption is thousand g/acres of 70-75, and every mu of dispensing can be put seed in 5-7 days through the muck 200-250 of fermentation maturity kilogram after the fertilising;
Two, seed is put in a suitable place to breed: select the summer flower fingerling that body surface is complete, the lopsided and anosis nothing of nothing is hindered to put in a suitable place to breed, breeding density is as follows: loose Pu mirror carp 2400 tails, silver carp 800 tails, flathead 400 tails, grass carp 400 tails;
Three, feedstuff feeding: the feed of throwing something and feeding is for being fit to the fingerling manufactured feed of the different vegetative stages of carp, when every meal is thrown something and fed, has the fish of 60%-70% to leave and can stop to throw something and feed, and the day feeding volume of feed is the 5%-10% of fish body weight, throws something and feeds every day 3～5 times;
Four, aquaculture management: in breeding process, do not change water, only replenish evaporation and water amount of seepage, by opening aerator Dissolved Oxygen in Water is remained on more than the 5mg/L;
Five, regulating and controlling water quality: in breeding process, carry out water quality monitoring, when water body ammonia nitrogen concentration during greater than 0.5mg/L, beginning is added carbon source in the pond waters and is regulated and control water quality, every 1-2 week is added carbon source once, described carbon source is comprised of 65% molasses, 30% popcorn and 5% functional additive by weight percentage, and the addition of each carbon source calculates as follows: Δ CH=20 * H * S * C
NH3-N/ Δ C, wherein Δ CH is the amount (g) of adding carbon source in the water body, and H is the pond waters degree of depth (m), and S is pond waters area (m
2), C
NH3-NFor surveying ammonia-nitrogen content (mg/L) in the pond waters, Δ C is the content (%) of carbohydrate in the carbon source; The interpolation time is the fine morning, and adding method stirs evenly rear full pond and evenly splashes for carbon source is mixed with pond water, and unlatching aerator during interpolation does not use bactericide in the interpolation carbon source process.
The described fingerling manufactured feed of present embodiment step 3 is the commercially available prod.
Embodiment two: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is: the pond area is 2 mu in the step 1, and the pond waters degree of depth is 1.8 meters.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: what present embodiment was different from embodiment one or two is: the quicklime consumption is 72,000 g/acres in the step 1.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: what present embodiment was different from one of embodiment one to three is: every mu of dispensing is through 230 kilograms in the muck of fermentation maturity in the step 1.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: what present embodiment was different from one of embodiment one to four is: when every meal is thrown something and fed in the step 3, have 65% fish to leave and can stop to throw something and feed.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: what present embodiment was different from one of embodiment one to five is: the day feeding volume of feed is 8% of fish body weight in the step 3.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: what present embodiment was different from one of embodiment one to six is: throw something and feed 4 every day in the step 3.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: mirror carp fingerling pond, present embodiment pine Pu high-efficient method for cultivating, carry out according to the following steps:
One, pond condition: 1.1 mu of pond areas, the pond waters degree of depth is 1.5 meters, the water source is underground water, be equipped with one in the aerator of one of device for feeding fish bait and 1.8 kilowatts, at fingerling stocking front 10 days, pond waters is done pool sterilization, the quicklime consumption is 75,000 g/acres, every mu of dispensing is applied fertilizer and can be put seed in a suitable place to breed in rear 6 days through 200 kilograms in the muck of fermentation maturity;
Two, seed is put in a suitable place to breed: select the summer flower fingerling that body surface is complete, the lopsided and anosis nothing of nothing is hindered to put in a suitable place to breed, breeding density is as follows: loose Pu mirror carp 2400 tails, silver carp 800 tails, flathead 400 tails, grass carp 400 tails;
Three, feedstuff feeding: the feed of throwing something and feeding is for being fit to the fingerling manufactured feed of the different vegetative stages of carp, when every meal is thrown something and fed, has 65% fish to leave and can stop to throw something and feed, and the day feeding volume of feed is 5% of fish body weight, throws something and feeds every day 4 times;
Four, aquaculture management: in breeding process, do not change water, only replenish evaporation and water amount of seepage, by opening aerator Dissolved Oxygen in Water is remained on more than the 5mg/L;
Five, regulating and controlling water quality: in breeding process, carry out water quality monitoring, when water body ammonia nitrogen concentration during greater than 0.5mg/L, beginning is added carbon source in the pond waters and is regulated and control water quality, per 1 week is added carbon source once, described carbon source by weight percentage by the functional additive of 65% molasses, 30% popcorn and 5% form (described functional additive buy from
Guangdong is overflow how sharp living Thing Science and Technology Co., Ltd., trade name is beneficial Kang Su), the addition of each carbon source calculates as follows: Δ CH=20 * H * S * C
NH3-N/ Δ C, wherein Δ CH is the amount (g) of adding carbon source in the water body, and H is the pond waters degree of depth (m), and S is pond waters area (m
2), C
NH3-NFor surveying ammonia-nitrogen content (mg/L) in the pond waters, Δ C is the content (%) of carbohydrate in the carbon source; The interpolation time is the fine morning, and adding method stirs evenly rear full pond and evenly splashes for carbon source is mixed with pond water, and unlatching aerator during interpolation does not use bactericide in the interpolation carbon source process.
As the carbon source group, control group does not add carbon source (other steps and parameter are identical with present embodiment), establishes two repetitions for every group, totally 4 mouthfuls of ponds with the method for present embodiment.In the experimentation, the carbon source group is added weekly carbon source once as stated above, and continuous adding on the 5th was five times from August 6 to September.Before adding carbon source, measure weekly water body ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, the water quality index such as pH, DO.The fingerling stocking time is on June 15th, 2012, and harvest time is on September 30th, 2012.In the whole breeding process, water temperature is between 15-27 ℃, and average water temperature is 23 ℃.More than the dissolved oxygen 5mg/L.Sampling and measuring fish body weight after culture experiment finishes, and statistics output and survival rate.Carbon source group and control group pondfish put in a suitable place to breed and growth to survive situation as shown in table 1, different sample times, ammoniacal nitrogen and the nitrite nitrogen content of two groups of pond waters were as shown in table 2.
Table 1 liang group pondfish put in a suitable place to breed and growth survives situation
Ammoniacal nitrogen and the nitrite nitrogen content of table 2 different sample times of two groups of pond waters
Result of the test is as follows:
1, in the carbon source group pond the average results body weight of loose Pu mirror carp, bighead and grass carp respectively the contrast group high by 19.4%, 9.8% and 3.1%, its output respectively contrast group high by 25.9%, 13.4% and 7.6%, carbon source group pond gross yield is than high 18.7% (table 1) of control group.
2, total feed coefficient of carbon source group pond fish is starkly lower than control group in whole breeding process, and carbon source group pond is respectively put the survival rate of kind fish in a suitable place to breed all apparently higher than control group (table 1).
3, carbon source group pond is in adding the carbon source process, its pond waters ammoniacal nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen content be not significantly (P＞0.05) all, and the ammoniacal nitrogen in the control group pond and nitrite nitrogen content are the trend (P＜0.05) (table 2) of remarkable rising.
Claims (7)
1. mirror carp fingerling pond, loose Pu high-efficient method for cultivating is characterized in that the method carries out according to the following steps:
One, pond condition: pond area 1-3 mu, the pond waters degree of depth is 1.5-2.0 rice, the water source is underground water, be equipped with one of device for feeding fish bait, every mu of aerator that is equipped with 1-2 kilowatt, before fingerling stocking 10-15 days, pond waters is done pool sterilization, the quicklime consumption is thousand g/acres of 70-75, and every mu of dispensing can be put seed in 5-7 days through the muck 200-250 of fermentation maturity kilogram after the fertilising;
Two, seed is put in a suitable place to breed: select the summer flower fingerling that body surface is complete, the lopsided and anosis nothing of nothing is hindered to put in a suitable place to breed, breeding density is as follows: loose Pu mirror carp 2400 tails, silver carp 800 tails, flathead 400 tails, grass carp 400 tails;
Three, feedstuff feeding: the feed of throwing something and feeding is for being fit to the fingerling manufactured feed of the different vegetative stages of carp, when every meal is thrown something and fed, has the fish of 60%-70% to leave and can stop to throw something and feed, and the day feeding volume of feed is the 5%-10% of fish body weight, throws something and feeds every day 3～5 times;
Four, aquaculture management: in breeding process, do not change water, only replenish evaporation and water amount of seepage, by opening aerator Dissolved Oxygen in Water is remained on more than the 5mg/L;
Five, regulating and controlling water quality: in breeding process, carry out water quality monitoring, when water body ammonia nitrogen concentration during greater than 0.5mg/L, beginning is added carbon source in the pond waters and is regulated and control water quality, every 1-2 week is added carbon source once, described carbon source is comprised of 65% molasses, 30% popcorn and 5% functional additive by weight percentage, and the addition of each carbon source calculates as follows: Δ CH=20 * H * S * C
NH3-N/ Δ C, wherein Δ CH is the amount (g) of adding carbon source in the water body, and H is the pond waters degree of depth (m), and S is pond waters area (m
2), C
NH3-NFor surveying ammonia-nitrogen content (mg/L) in the pond waters, Δ C is the content (%) of carbohydrate in the carbon source; The interpolation time is the fine morning, and adding method stirs evenly rear full pond and evenly splashes for carbon source is mixed with pond water, and unlatching aerator during interpolation does not use bactericide in the interpolation carbon source process.
2. mirror carp fingerling pond, a kind of loose Pu according to claim 1 high-efficient method for cultivating is characterized in that in the step 12 mu of pond areas, and the pond waters degree of depth is 1.8 meters.
3. mirror carp fingerling pond, a kind of loose Pu according to claim 1 and 2 high-efficient method for cultivating is characterized in that the quicklime consumption is 72,000 g/acres in the step 1.
4. mirror carp fingerling pond, a kind of loose Pu according to claim 3 high-efficient method for cultivating is characterized in that in the step 1 that every mu of dispensing is through 230 kilograms in the muck of fermentation maturity.
5. mirror carp fingerling pond, a kind of loose Pu according to claim 4 high-efficient method for cultivating when it is characterized in that every meal is thrown something and fed in the step 3, has 65% fish to leave and can stop to throw something and feed.
6. mirror carp fingerling pond, a kind of loose Pu according to claim 5 high-efficient method for cultivating is characterized in that the day feeding volume of feed is 8% of fish body weight in the step 3.
7. mirror carp fingerling pond, a kind of loose Pu according to claim 6 high-efficient method for cultivating is characterized in that in the step 3 throwing something and feeding 4 times every day.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103222438A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-07-31 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | High-yield efficient pond farming method of Songpu mirror carp in alpine region |
| CN103348936A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-10-16 | 句容市句容水库管理所 | Farming method for squaliobarbus curriculus |
| CN105454659A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-04-06 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Carp pond culture method by use of Chinese herbal medicine |
| CN105994055A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-10-12 | 蚌埠市宝煦家庭农场 | Carp breeding method |
| CN106900609A (en) * | 2017-05-06 | 2017-06-30 | 安徽帝都农业生态园有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of carp |
| CN107466921A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2017-12-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Improve the regulation and control method of Songpu mirror carp breeding efficiency |
| CN109220901A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-18 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | A kind of triangular bream cultivation water ecological control method |
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| CN103222438A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-07-31 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | High-yield efficient pond farming method of Songpu mirror carp in alpine region |
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| CN106900609A (en) * | 2017-05-06 | 2017-06-30 | 安徽帝都农业生态园有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of carp |
| CN107466921A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2017-12-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Improve the regulation and control method of Songpu mirror carp breeding efficiency |
| CN109220901A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-18 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | A kind of triangular bream cultivation water ecological control method |
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Application publication date: 20130320 |