CN109197716A - A kind of method that cray seed greenhouse is breeding graded - Google Patents

A kind of method that cray seed greenhouse is breeding graded Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109197716A
CN109197716A CN201811090817.7A CN201811090817A CN109197716A CN 109197716 A CN109197716 A CN 109197716A CN 201811090817 A CN201811090817 A CN 201811090817A CN 109197716 A CN109197716 A CN 109197716A
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Prior art keywords
cray
greenhouse
water
shrimp seedling
pond
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CN201811090817.7A
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Inventor
包明君
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Shenyang Chuangpuhua Agricultural Investment Co Ltd
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Shenyang Chuangpuhua Agricultural Investment Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811090817.7A priority Critical patent/CN109197716A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention patent relates to cray healthy aquaculture fields, belong to agricultural technology scope, specifically a kind of method that cray seed greenhouse is breeding graded.Cultivation step is fed and strengthened including greenhouse preparation, shrimp seedling dispensing and shrimp seedling.The present invention is by will launch into greenhouse soil pond in the cray shrimp seedling 10-11 month of the 1cm of artificial breeding, 15~200,000 tails are launched per acre, neat specification, the animal fodders such as minced fillet are fed by cultivating hydroplankton and addition, food in abundance, along with the suitable temperature of greenhouse, submerged plant hydrilla verticillata riotous growth, things concealed is sufficient, cooperate the nanometer micropore aerator of greenhouse Tu Chi, water body dissolved oxygen is sufficient, such reinforced cultivating 25~30 days, cray 1cm shrimp seedling fast-growth is to 3cm or so, weed survival rate is up to 85% or more, substantially increase the utilization rate of cray weed survival rate and 1cm shrimp seedling.

Description

A kind of method that cray seed greenhouse is breeding graded
Technical field
The invention patent relates to cray healthy aquaculture fields, belong to agricultural technology scope, specifically a kind of cray The breeding graded method of seed greenhouse.
Background technique
The traditional cray cultivation in China is there are two types of mode, first is that launch shrimp seedling mode, i.e., annual October is by artificial breeding The 1cm shrimp seedling educated directly is launched into rice field or pond, 2~30,000 tails is launched per acre, without the greenhouse breeding graded stage.By water Natural bait the biology such as phytoplankton and zooplankter etc. of the big water body such as the influence that temperature gradually decreases, rice field and pond are difficult to train It supports, biomass is on the low side to cause shrimp seedling bait insufficient, and 1cm shrimp seedling slow growth even sinks into stagnate.November to December simultaneously, Water temperature declines rapidly, and shrimp seedling is overwintering into hole one after another, causes activity space limited.Inanition and activity space, which are limited, leads to small dragon Shrimp shrimp seedling is nibbled mutually, and survival rate is usually no more than 60%;Shrimp seedling specification also very little in March after overwintering, does not grow to mostly 3cm, and specification is very irregular, need to grow into mostly can just grow into 30 grams or more of commercial sized prawn specification by the end of May.It is another Mode is to launch close shrimp mode, i.e., annual August to September is launched close shrimp into rice field or pond in the ratio of female-male proportion 2:1, Close shrimp natural mating, oviposition, incubating oosperm are all very asynchronous, and shrimp seedling successively generates after 2~5 months successively, i.e. October Bottom is emerged successively by the end of February to second year, thus can not collect also can not be breeding graded for shrimp seedling.This mode, which is removed to have, launches shrimp Outside all disadvantages of seedling mode, weed survival rate has emergence quantity uncontrollable asynchronous with seedling-growing time more down to 50% The irregular equal more serious disadvantage of caused shrimp seedling specification.
Upper two kinds of cray aquaculture models all do not carry out seed hierarchical culture, and weed survival rate is low, and the speed of growth is slow, specification Irregular, individual is small, and the culture-cycle is caused to extend, and commercial sized prawn Time To Market delay, cultured output reduces, and aquaculture cost rises.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods that cray seed greenhouse is breeding graded, are asked with solving above-mentioned technology Topic.
Technical problem solved by the invention can be realized using following technical scheme: a kind of cray seed greenhouse point The method that grade is cultivated, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: greenhouse prepares
Transparent plastic greenhouse, greenhouse height 3m, pond 2~2.5m of the depth of water are covered on pond, and aerator is set;
Pond sterilizes after cleaning up the pond, and then plants planting submerged plant and fluitante, and pond bottom launches fixed multilayer without section Mesh sheet;
First 7 to the 10 days farmyard manures or complex microorganism organic bio-fertilizer rich water that fermentation is added are launched in shrimp seedling, are used per acre 200~500 kilograms of amount, water transparency is maintained at 20cm~30cm;
Step 2: shrimp seedling is launched
The 10-11 month to greenhouse pond launch cray shrimp seedling, per acre launch 15~200,000 tails, launch on submerged plant and At fluitante in water;
Step 3;Shrimp seedling feeds and strengthens cultivation
Shrimp seedling feeds 2~3 feeds daily after launching, feeding volume is daily 90-110 grams of minced fillet, 40-60 grams of beans per acre Slurry;Feed is launched in phytal zone, and every 10 days increase minced fillet feeding volumes, incrementss were 40-60 grams/day;
Step 4: Water-quality control
Water body keeps dissolved oxygen >=5mg/L, and daily noon fountain fills new water, fills 1/ that new water is full water amount 10~1/9;Pond water temperature is maintained at 18~22 DEG C, and water transparency is maintained at 20cm~30cm;
Step 5: cray shrimp seedling is breeding graded
3cm or so juvenile prawn is fished in cultivation 25~30 days, and juvenile prawn, which is launched, carries out into rice field or pond into the shrimp aquaculture stage.
Preferably, the shrimp seedling is the cray 1cm shrimp seedling of artificial breeding.
Preferably, the submerged plant and fluitante area coverage respectively account for the 1/6~1/5 of cultivation pool area.
Preferably, the submerged plant is hydrilla verticillata and waterweed;Fluitante is water peanut.
Preferably, the aerator is nanometer micropore aerator, and aerator is opened in daily 20:00 to 8:00 timing.
Preferably, daily 12:00 on daytime fills new water to 14:00 timing fountain.
Preferably, number of the fixed multilayer without section mesh sheet is 10-15/mu.
Preferably, the greenhouse daytime outdoor temperature highest and water temperature close to 22 DEG C when, open the modeling of vinyl house two sides Expect film, keep ventilation and heat dissipation in canopy, put down greenhouse two sides plastic foil at night, keeps keeping water temperature to be not less than 18 DEG C in greenhouse.
Preferably, the high water inlet system and automatic drain system for filling low row is equipped in the pond.
Preferably, 9:00 is fed once daily after shrimp seedling is launched in the step 3, and feeding volume accounts for the 40% of day feeding volume, 18:00 is fed once, and feeding volume accounts for the 60% of day feeding volume;Or 18:00 is fed once, feeding volume accounts for the 60% of day feeding volume; 6:00 is fed once, and feeding volume accounts for the 20% of day feeding volume;12:00 is fed once, and feeding volume accounts for the 20% of day feeding volume.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
This technology is cray seed greenhouse breed in grades technology, seed source cray artificial breeding field, reliable in quality; Greenhouse Tu Chi is configured with nanometer micropore aerator, and night continues oxygenation 10 hours, and daytime, timing adding water, kept Dissolved Oxygen in Water not Lower than 5mg/L;Kind there are the submerged plants such as hydrilla verticillata in greenhouse soil pond, and launching has more knotless netting to do things concealed.People The 1cm's of work breeding launches into greenhouse soil pond in cray shrimp seedling 10-11 month, per acre 15~200,000 tails of dispensing, neat specification, The animal fodders such as minced fillet are fed by cultivating hydroplankton and addition, food in abundance adds the suitable temperature of greenhouse, Submerged plant hydrilla verticillata riotous growth, things concealed is sufficient, cooperates the nanometer micropore aerator of greenhouse Tu Chi, and water body dissolved oxygen fills Foot, such reinforced cultivating 25~30 days, cray 1cm shrimp seedling fast-growth to 3cm or so, weed survival rate be up to 85% with On, substantially increase the utilization rate of cray weed survival rate and 1cm shrimp seedling.At the beginning of by 11 months after breeding graded, then by 3cm children Shrimp is launched and cultivates into rice field or pond, and seed size is neat, and physically fit, anti-seismic design is strong, and overwintering survival rate is high, the beginning of spring The speed of growth is fast afterwards, and generally preceding 80% or more juvenile prawn can grow up to 30 grams or more of big standard commodities shrimp by the end of April.Cray is big The breeding graded technology of canopy substantially increases the survival rate of cray seed, and the big specification shrimp of the rate of recapture of commercial sized prawn, commercial sized prawn is supported At rate, shortens 1 wheat harvesting period of culture-cycle, also greatly improve cultured output, economic benefit is 2 times of traditional aquaculture model.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) seedling is selected
Select cray artificial breeding 1cm shrimp seedling;
(2) pond condition and preparation
Pond area is unlimited, but preferably 1 to 2 mu, and transparent plastic greenhouse is covered on pond, and greenhouse height is no more than 3 Rice;Pond requires 2~2.5m of the depth of water, has independent culvert system, height fills low row, and nanometer micropore aerator is arranged;Water body Answer water quality good, water temperature and stable level;Shrimp seedling is launched first 20 days, and pond is cleaned up the pond with quick lime, per acre quick lime dosage 150,000 Gram, extra mud is removed when cleaning up the pond;The drift such as the submerged plants such as hydrilla verticillata and waterweed and water peanut is planted after cleaning up the pond Floating plant, submerged plant area coverage will account for the 1/5 to 1/6 of pond area, and fluitante cultivated area accounts for pond area 1/5 to 1/6;Fixed multilayer is launched in pond waters simultaneously to do things concealed without section mesh sheet and hide for shrimp seedling, per acre knotless net The injected volume of piece is no less than 10;Shrimp seedling launches first 7 to 10 days with the farmyard manure or complex microorganism organic-biological sufficiently to ferment Fat water, 200~500 kilograms of usage amount, cultivate the agreeable to the taste natural bait biology (phytoplankton and zooplankter) of shrimp seedling per acre, Transparency is maintained at 20cm to 30cm;
(3) seed is launched and cultivates
(1) cray seed is launched
10-11 month launches the cray 1cm shrimp seedling of artificial breeding to ready greenhouse pond, launches 15~20 per acre Ten thousand tails are launched on submerged plant and at fluitante in water;
(2) cray seedling feeds and strengthens cultivation
Shrimp seedling feeds 2~3 feeds after launching daily, and based on minced fillet, supplemented by soya-bean milk, feeding volume is daily 90- per acre 110 grams of minced fillets, 40-60 grams of soya-bean milk;Feed is launched in phytal zone, and it is as big as possible to feed area;Adjustment in every 10 days increases minced fillet and throws Amount is fed, incrementss are 40-60 grams/day;
Feeding 2~3 times daily is that early 9:00 is fed once, and feeding volume accounts for the 40% of day feeding volume, and the dusk, 18:00 fed one Secondary, feeding volume accounts for the 60% of day feeding volume;
Or dusk 18:00 is fed once, feeding volume accounts for the 60% of day feeding volume;Dawn 6:00 is fed once, and feeding volume accounts for The 20% of day feeding volume;Noon 12:00 is fed once, and feeding volume accounts for the 20% of day feeding volume;
(3) Water-quality control
Aerator oxygenation is opened in daily 20:00 to 8:00 timing, and Dissolved Oxygen in Water is kept to be not less than 5mg/L;Daytime 12:00 New water is filled to 14:00 timing fountain, fills new water is about full water amount 1/10;Water transparency be maintained at 20cm~ 30cm is adjusted by applying fertilizer or adding water;In addition to this, keep greenhouse pond water temperature at 18~22 DEG C, the sun on daytime works as sky, when Close to 22 DEG C, openable vinyl house two sides plastic foil keeps ventilation and heat dissipation in canopy, puts down greenhouse two sides plastics at night water temperature Film keeps temperature and water temperature in greenhouse, and water temperature is kept to be not less than 18 DEG C;
(4) cray shrimp seedling is breeding graded
So strengthen cultivation 25~30 days, for shrimp seedling under good cultivating condition, most of shrimp seedlings grow to 3cm or so, can With customization diddle-net from water plant it is luxuriant from fish for 3cm or so juvenile prawn or capture the dispensing of 3cm or so juvenile prawn to rice with customization mesh cage Carry out in field or pond into the shrimp aquaculture stage, fishing continues 5 days, until diddle-net is captured less than juvenile prawn.
Comparative example 1:
(1) seedling is selected
Select cray artificial breeding 1cm shrimp seedling;
(2) pond or paddy field condition and preparation
Pond area is usually at 10 to 30 mu, and rice field area is usually at 30 to 50 mu, 2.5 meters of the pond depth of water or more, rice field Circular groove is not less than 1.5 meters deeply, there is independent culvert system, and height fills low row;Water quality is good, water temperature and stable level;Shrimp Seedling is launched first 20 days, and pond is cleaned up the pond with quick lime, per acre 150 kilograms of quick lime dosage, and extra mud is removed when cleaning up the pond;Clearly The submerged plants such as waterweed are planted behind the pool, submerged plant area coverage will account for the 1/5 to 1/6 of pond area;Shrimp seedling is launched Usage amount is no less than 150,000 per acre with the farmyard manure or complex microorganism organic bio-fertilizer rich water that sufficiently ferment within first 7 to 10 days Gram, the agreeable to the taste natural bait of culture shrimp seedling is biological (phytoplankton and zooplankter), and transparency is maintained at 30cm or so;
(3) seed is launched and cultivates
(1) cray seed is launched
10~November launches the cray 1cm shrimp seedling of artificial breeding to ready pond or rice field, and rice field is launched per acre 3.0 ten thousand tails are launched in 1.5~2.0 ten thousand tails, pond per acre, are launched on the water plant of breeding water body;
(2) cray seedling feeds and strengthens cultivation
Shrimp seedling feeds 1~2 feed after launching daily, and based on minced fillet, supplemented by cray feed, feeding volume is daily every 100 grams of mu;Feed is launched in phytal zone, and it is as big as possible to feed area;Adjustment in every 10 days increases feeding volume, and increase by 50 daily~ 100 grams;
(3) Water-quality control
Not timing fills new water, and filling new water is about 20cm;
The experiment effect of comparative example 1: due to being big water body, natural temperature, annual water temperature in 10~December is lower than 18 DEG C mostly, Often even lower than 10 DEG C, water temperature is low, food organisms are insufficient, and (culture of the natural baits such as planktonic organism is difficult) cray shrimp seedling is raw Long slow or even growth retardation hides low temperature into hole one after another, and survival rate is no more than 50%, rises to water temperature in second year March When, juvenile prawn individual is less than normal, and mostly less than 3cm, growing to could list by the end of May, and 30 grams or more of specification is not in traded commodity shrimp To 50%, cause that survival rate is low, specification is small, low output, culture-cycle are long, deficiency in economic performance.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method that cray seed greenhouse is breeding graded, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1: greenhouse prepares
Transparent plastic greenhouse, greenhouse height 3m, pond 2~2.5m of the depth of water are covered on pond, and aerator is set;
Pond sterilizes after cleaning up the pond, and then plants planting submerged plant and fluitante, and pond bottom launches fixed multilayer without section mesh sheet;
First 7 to the 10 days farmyard manures or complex microorganism organic bio-fertilizer rich water that fermentation is added are launched in shrimp seedling, per acre dosage 200 ~500 kilograms, water transparency is maintained at 20cm~30cm;
Step 2: shrimp seedling is launched
The 10-11 month launches cray shrimp seedling to greenhouse pond, launches 15~200,000 tails per acre, launches on submerged plant and floats At plant in water;
Step 3: shrimp seedling feeds and strengthens cultivation
Shrimp seedling feeds 2~3 feeds daily after launching, feeding volume is daily 90-110 grams of minced fillet, 40-60 grams of soya-bean milk per acre;It raises Material is launched in phytal zone, and every 10 days increase minced fillet feeding volumes, incrementss were 40-60 grams/day;
Step 4: Water-quality control
Water body keeps dissolved oxygen >=5mg/L, and daily noon fountain fills new water, and fill that new water is full water amount 1/10~ 1/9;Pond water temperature is maintained at 18~22 DEG C, and water transparency is maintained at 20cm~30cm;
Step 5: cray shrimp seedling is breeding graded
3cm or so juvenile prawn is fished in cultivation 25~30 days, and juvenile prawn, which is launched, carries out into rice field or pond into the shrimp aquaculture stage.
2. the breeding graded method of cray seed greenhouse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the shrimp seedling is behaved The cray 1cm shrimp seedling of work breeding.
3. the breeding graded method of cray seed greenhouse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the submerged plant The 1/6~1/5 of cultivation pool area is respectively accounted for fluitante area coverage.
4. the breeding graded method of cray seed greenhouse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the submerged plant For hydrilla verticillata and waterweed;Fluitante is water peanut.
5. the breeding graded method of cray seed greenhouse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the aerator is Aerator is opened in nanometer micropore aerator, daily 20:00 to 8:00 timing.
6. the breeding graded method of cray seed greenhouse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: daily daytime 12: 00 fills new water to 14:00 timing fountain.
7. the breeding graded method of cray seed greenhouse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described fixed more Number of the layer without section mesh sheet is 10-15/mu.
8. the breeding graded method of cray seed greenhouse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the greenhouse is white When its outdoor temperature highest and water temperature are close to 22 DEG C, vinyl house two sides plastic foil is opened, keeps ventilation and heat dissipation in canopy, at night Greenhouse two sides plastic foil is put down, keeps keeping water temperature to be not less than 18 DEG C in greenhouse.
9. the breeding graded method of cray seed greenhouse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: set in the pond There is the high water inlet system and automatic drain system for filling low row.
10. the breeding graded method of cray seed greenhouse according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step 3 9:00 is fed once daily after shrimp seedling dispensing, and 40%, the 18:00 that feeding volume accounts for day feeding volume is fed once, and feeding volume accounts for day throwing Feed the 60% of amount;Or 18:00 is fed once, feeding volume accounts for the 60% of day feeding volume;6:00 is fed once, and feeding volume, which accounts for, to be fed day The 20% of amount;12:00 is fed once, and feeding volume accounts for the 20% of day feeding volume.
CN201811090817.7A 2018-09-19 2018-09-19 A kind of method that cray seed greenhouse is breeding graded Pending CN109197716A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109906983A (en) * 2019-04-30 2019-06-21 沈阳创普华农业投资有限公司 Cray greenhouse breeding method and cray breeding greenhouse
CN110249858A (en) * 2019-07-17 2019-09-20 湖南农业大学 A kind of cray rice field breeding device and method
CN113115736A (en) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-16 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 Classification culture system for crayfish seedlings

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62220155A (en) * 1986-03-19 1987-09-28 Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd:The High-density rearing of artemia
CN105075945A (en) * 2015-08-21 2015-11-25 邱文娟 Penaeus vannemei multi-batch graded culturing method
CN107821262A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-03-23 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 Cray winter cultural method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62220155A (en) * 1986-03-19 1987-09-28 Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd:The High-density rearing of artemia
CN105075945A (en) * 2015-08-21 2015-11-25 邱文娟 Penaeus vannemei multi-batch graded culturing method
CN107821262A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-03-23 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 Cray winter cultural method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109906983A (en) * 2019-04-30 2019-06-21 沈阳创普华农业投资有限公司 Cray greenhouse breeding method and cray breeding greenhouse
CN110249858A (en) * 2019-07-17 2019-09-20 湖南农业大学 A kind of cray rice field breeding device and method
CN113115736A (en) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-16 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 Classification culture system for crayfish seedlings
CN113115736B (en) * 2021-04-19 2022-06-10 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 Classification culture system for crayfish seedlings

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Application publication date: 20190115