CN102919061B - Mango grafting method using green braches with leaves - Google Patents
Mango grafting method using green braches with leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN102919061B CN102919061B CN201210474661.9A CN201210474661A CN102919061B CN 102919061 B CN102919061 B CN 102919061B CN 201210474661 A CN201210474661 A CN 201210474661A CN 102919061 B CN102919061 B CN 102919061B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mango grafting method using green braches with leaves. The method comprises the following steps: preparing semiligneous green braches with leaves as scions; cutting the scions, soaking and wetting the cut scions with clear water for 2 hours at most, taking the scions out of the clear water and grafting the soaked scions on root stocks, and then binding grafting cuts in an alternate unenclosed manner with discharge outlets reserved; and cultivating the grafted seedlings in a plastic thin film heat-insulation and moisture-preservation tunnel under a sun shelter. According to the invention, the grafting method using green braches with leaves is adopted; the scions used in the method are low in degree of lignifications, the histocyte is active, callus is formed very quickly; moreover, the reserved leaves can conduct photosynthesis to produce nutrient substances to support the regrowth of the grafting cuts; the grafting survival rate is higher than 98%; in addition, if only semiligneous green braches are available, the grafting method can be implemented all the year round regardless of the seedling age of the root stocks; therefore, the problem that the survival rate of the traditional stiff branch grafting method is low is solved, the grafting survival rate is improved, the seedling cultivation cycle is shortened, the seedling cultivation cost is lowered, the grafting survival rate is free from the influence of seasons and the thickness of the root stocks. The mango grafting method using green braches with leaves is applicable to large-scale industrial seedling cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural sciences, the green branch band of especially a kind of mango leaf grafting method.
Background technology
Mango (Mangifera indicaLinn) belongs to Anacardiaceae (Rhoideae Engl), Mangifera (Mangifera Linn), and perennial evergreen standard fruit-tree, originates in India and Malaysia.Mango color is all good, nutritious, is described as " king of tropical fruit (tree) ".Mango distributes very wide, and the world has more than 70 a country produce mango, wherein the state such as 90% India that concentrates on Asia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Burma, the sub-West Asia of horse; East and the western part in Africa, Tanzania, Zaire, the Brazil in America, Mexico, all there is cultivation Florida State and the Hawaii etc. of the U.S.; Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and the south Fujian of China, there are mango plantation in Yun Nandong, west, southern portion.Guizhou Province's (former Guizhou Province once introduced a fine variety for 1963 of hotwork relies in Wangmo County stone mountain), 1991 (now Guizhou Subtropical Crop Institute) from South Asia, Guangxi hotwork is introduced the observation of the kind such as pale reddish brown awns, ivory 22 in one's power again, and its adaptability, resistance, yielding ability, quality performance are better.The field planting of mango seedling needs 6～8 years can result, and grafting bears fruit for 2～3 years, bear fruit ahead of time 4～5 years, and stiff wood grafting, injured rear news speed outflow colloid resin forms separation layer between anvil fringe, is the fruit tree that putative graft survival rate is lower.The green branch band of mango leaf graft seedling growth is to transplant seedlings to plant into nutrition with the husky sowing in bed kind of seed Seedling Stage to cultivate rootstock seedling, adopt a vegetative innovative technology of breeding nursery stock of semi-lignified green branch grafting, it has that graft survival rate is high, seedling growth is fast, nursery stage is short, recruitment province, reproduction coefficient are high, Zhou Nianjun can grafting, is suitable for the large-scale industrialized advantages such as application of growing seedlings.Guizhou is mango development new district, nursery stock extremely lacks in grafting, breed in order to accelerate mango grafting, meet its industry development needs, inventor carried out mango Introduction Observation since 1991, Experiment on graft reproduction, through the research over more than 20 years, stiff wood grafting is grown seedlings, the stock cultivation time is not less than 12 months, cultivating out garden from stock needs more than 20 months, general graft survival rate 50～60%, be up to 80%, and stock, scion and grafting time require very strict, graft survival rate is subject to stock rugosity, scion maturity, grafting season, the impact of grafting method, cause seedling cost high, orchard worker is difficult to accept.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: the green branch band of a kind of mango leaf grafting method is provided, and it requires little to grafting stock used, scion and grafting time, and graft survival rate is high, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
The present invention is achieved in that the green branch band of mango leaf grafting method, select the green branch of band leaf of semi-lignified as scion, after scion is cut, first in clear water, soak moisturizing, immersion is no more than 2 hours, after the scion of soaking is taken out from clear water, with the grafting of stock phase, grafting mouth adopts the compartment of reserved row's bleeding mouth not seal colligation; In the plastic film heat and moisture preserving shed of nursery stock after grafting under cool canopy, survive.
Scion is with 1/2 leaf with green branch, the mango yongyangmo of normal growth for stock, and its seedling age is not limit, and adopts the grafting of cut-grafting method.
The collection of scion is, selects young and middle-aged stable high yield tree to do elite stand, and the green branch of raw semi-lignified then of the peripheral middle and upper part of clip elite stand tree crown, branch footpath are 0.5～0.8cm, blade is complete, growths is substantial, the branch that faces south of healthy and strong, anosis worm.
Need to preserve scion time, adopt plastic bag sealing to spread shady and cool place scion, taken out every day and breathe freely and put into cooling water and soak cooling 4～5 minutes, after drying water, put into again sealed plastic bag moisturizing; Remote timing, sooner or later or the shady and cool time adopt fringe, every 2O bar one is bundled in base portion and tightens, and wraps up base portion with wet cotton, makes base portion pack plastic sack down into or has in the bucket, frame of moisturizing condition, spray water moistening and cover wet towel moisturizing in blade face.
In the time cutting scion, from branch base portion, successively upwards, every leaf retains 1/2 leaf-cutting, then scion is held between left hand thumb and forefinger, and one side is close in forefinger tip, and at the cutter of splaying apart from 5～6cm place of bastem portion, inclined-plane becomes 45 degree; The scion of overturning is again flat cuts a cutter, deeply reaches xylem, and O.8cm the long 3～3.5cm of bevel, finally locate oblique partial application above bud point, cuts off scion, the short fringe of fringe one bud 1/2 leaf; The scion of cutting is immersed in clear water stand-by, and soak time is no more than 2 hours.
In the time cutting stock, stock is transported on grafting workbench, from stock, high 10～15cm wipes out top, clip scabbles with scraper, then from vertical partial application, incidentally xylem between xylem and cortex, incision length 2.5～3cm, and be shorter than scion bevel length 0.5cm.
In the time inserting scion, first take out from water having cut scion for subsequent use, the moisture that band adheres to, long bevel inserts stock otch, forms layer alignment towards stock xylem, in anvil fringe thickness not for the moment, adopts the mode of one side alignment.
Described compartment does not seal colligation and refers to, with the binding strap of wide 0.6～0.8cm, long 15～20cm, left hand thumb and forefinger pinch stock and scion, the right hand is taken binding strap curl from bottom to up, lower circle binding strap and the upper circle binding strap 0.5cm of being separated by, forms the compartment colligation of reserved row's bleeding mouth.The injured rear generation colloid bleeding of scion stock, the scion of having cut can be diluted bleeding colloid resin after soaking in clear water, the water adhering in scion when grafting fringe flows downstream into stock grafting mouth, stock grafting mouth bleeding colloid resin is also diluted, use compartment colligation, bleeding colloid resin after dilution flows out voluntarily from wound, and ponding not in grafting mouth, can effectively improve bleeding fruit-tree grafting survival rate.
When the nursery stock grafting is moved in canopy, first get long 200cm, the bamboo chip of wide 3cm, interval 50cm a slice, curves arch across two, insertion seedbed, bed surface two ends, covers wide 200cm, thick 0.6mm, the plastic film of long 1200cm; Standby row nursery stock after grafting moves into plastic film canopy in time, nursery stock moves into neat discharge in film canopy, row's seedling will make not contact between scion leaf and film, avoid the film blade of burning to affect graft survival rate, after row's seedling, seedbed surrounding being got to earth, to enclose flat nutritious bag suitable for reading, tamp the hole between nutritious bag, finally build film shed, film surrounding soil compaction sealing, moisturizing.
High temperature and drought, easily causes nursery stock to burn, and should increase covering and reduce light transmittance.Continuously overcast and rainy, subterranean water level rises, and timely ditch cleaning to get rid of ditch internal water accumulation, strengthens light transmittance, also film shed two short time can be opened ventilatedly, reduces humidity in canopy.After whole grafting, Microcirculation is to complete in plastic film shed, and temperature high humility changes little, and scion and not dehydration of blade, can carry out photosynthesis, and the grafting mouth fast survival rate that heals is high.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, compared with prior art, the present invention adopts the mode of green branch with leaf grafting, the scion degree of lignification of this mode is low, histocyte is active, formation callus is fast, the blade retaining can carry out photosynthesis and manufacture the healing of nutriment supply grafting mouth, the scion of having cut is dipped in dilutes bleeding colloid resin in clear water, the water adhering in scion when grafting fringe flows downstream into stock grafting mouth, stock grafting mouth bleeding colloid resin is also diluted, the blow-by of colligation grafting mouth, bleeding colloid resin after dilution flows away voluntarily with water, so improve 40-50% than stiff wood grafting survival rate, graft survival rate is up to more than 98%.No matter the present invention's stock seedling age size, as long as there is the green branch of half lignify, throughout the year all can grafting, effectively solve the low difficult problem of traditional stiff wood grafting survival rate, improved grafting survival rate, shortened nursery stage, reduced seedling cost, make the survival rate of grafting not affected by season and stock rugosity, as long as there is the green branch of semi-lignified, Zhou Nianjun can grafting, is applicable to large-scale industrialized growing seedlings.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention: the green branch band of mango leaf grafting method, select young and middle-aged stable high yield tree to do elite stand, the green branch of raw semi-lignified then of the peripheral middle and upper part of clip elite stand tree crown, branch footpath are 0.5～0.8cm, blade is complete, growths is substantial, the branch that faces south of healthy and strong, anosis worm is as scion, and green that scion is used above with 1/2 leaf, the mango yongyangmo of normal growth for stock, its seedling age is not limit, first scion is cut, from branch base portion, successively upwards, every leaf retains 1/2 leaf-cutting, then scion is held between left hand thumb and forefinger, and one side is close in forefinger tip, and at the cutter of splaying apart from 5～6cm place of bastem portion, inclined-plane becomes 45 degree, the scion of overturning is again flat cuts a cutter, deeply reaches xylem, and O.8cm the long 3～3.5cm of bevel, finally locate oblique partial application above bud point, cuts off scion, the short fringe of fringe one bud 1/2 leaf, the scion of cutting is immersed in clear water stand-by, and soak time is no more than 2 hours, then stock is cut, stock is transported on grafting workbench, from stock, high 10～15cm wipes out top, clip scabbles with scraper, then from vertical partial application, incidentally xylem between xylem and cortex, incision length 2.5～3cm, and be shorter than scion bevel length 0.5cm, cut after stock, scion is taken out from clear water, adopt cut-grafting method to carry out grafting itself and stock, the moisture that in scion, band adheres to, the long bevel of scion inserts stock otch towards stock xylem, form layer alignment (if in anvil fringe thickness not for the moment, adopt the mode of one side alignment), grafting mouth adopts the compartment of reserved row's bleeding mouth not seal colligation, specifically use wide 0.6～0.8cm, the binding strap of long 15～20cm, left hand thumb and forefinger pinch stock and scion, the right hand is taken binding strap curl from bottom to up, lower circle binding strap and the upper circle binding strap 0.5cm of being separated by, form the compartment colligation of reserved row's bleeding mouth, in the plastic film heat and moisture preserving shed of nursery stock after grafting under cool canopy, survive, while again the nursery stock grafting being moved in canopy, first get long 200cm, the bamboo chip of wide 3cm, interval 50cm a slice, curves arch across two, insertion seedbed, bed surface two ends, covers wide 200cm, thick 0.6mm, the plastic film of long 1200cm, standby row nursery stock after grafting moves into plastic film canopy in time, nursery stock moves into neat discharge in film canopy, row's seedling will make not contact between scion leaf and film, avoid the film blade of burning to affect graft survival rate, after row's seedling, seedbed surrounding being got to earth, to enclose flat nutritious bag suitable for reading, tamp the hole between nutritious bag, finally build film shed, film surrounding soil compaction sealing, moisturizing.High temperature and drought, easily causes nursery stock to burn, and should increase covering and reduce light transmittance.Continuously overcast and rainy, subterranean water level rises, and timely ditch cleaning to get rid of ditch internal water accumulation, strengthens light transmittance, also film shed two short time can be opened ventilatedly, reduces humidity in canopy.After whole grafting, Microcirculation is to complete in plastic film shed, and temperature high humility changes little, and scion and not dehydration of blade, can carry out photosynthesis, and the grafting mouth fast survival rate that heals is high; Need to preserve scion time, adopt plastic bag sealing to spread shady and cool place scion, taken out every day and breathe freely and put into cooling water and soak cooling 4～5 minutes, after drying water, put into again sealed plastic bag moisturizing; Remote timing, sooner or later or the shady and cool time adopt fringe, every 2O bar one is bundled in base portion and tightens, and wraps up base portion with wet cotton, makes base portion pack plastic sack down into or has in the bucket, frame of moisturizing condition, spray water moistening and cover wet towel moisturizing in blade face.
Claims (4)
1. the green branch band of a mango leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: select the green branch of band leaf of semi-lignified as scion, after scion is cut, first in clear water, soak moisturizing, immersion is no more than 2 hours, after the scion of soaking is taken out from clear water, with the grafting of stock phase, grafting mouth adopts the compartment of reserved row's bleeding mouth not seal colligation; In the plastic film heat and moisture preserving shed of nursery stock after grafting under cool canopy, survive; Scion is with 1/2 leaf with green branch, the mango yongyangmo of normal growth for stock, and its seedling age is not limit, and adopts the grafting of cut-grafting method; The collection of scion is, selects young and middle-aged stable high yield tree to do elite stand, and the green branch of raw semi-lignified then of the peripheral middle and upper part of clip elite stand tree crown, branch footpath are 0.5～0.8cm, blade is complete, growths is substantial, the branch that faces south of healthy and strong, anosis worm; In the time cutting scion, from branch base portion, successively upwards, every leaf retains 1/2 leaf-cutting, then scion is held between left hand thumb and forefinger, and one side is close in forefinger tip, and at the cutter of splaying apart from 5～6cm place of bastem portion, inclined-plane becomes 45 degree; The scion of overturning is again flat cuts a cutter, deeply reaches xylem, the long 3～3.5cm of bevel, the finally oblique partial application in 0.8cm place above bud point, cuts off scion, the short fringe of fringe one bud 1/2 leaf; The scion of cutting is immersed in clear water stand-by, and soak time is no more than 2 hours; Described compartment does not seal colligation and refers to, with the binding strap of wide 0.6～0.8cm, long 15～20cm, left hand thumb and forefinger pinch stock and scion, the right hand is taken binding strap curl from bottom to up, lower circle binding strap and the upper circle binding strap 0.5cm of being separated by, forms the compartment colligation of reserved row's bleeding mouth; When the nursery stock grafting is moved in canopy, first get long 200cm, the bamboo chip of wide 3cm, interval 50cm a slice, curves arch across both sides, insertion seedbed, bed surface two ends, covers wide 200cm, thick 0.6mm, the plastic film of long 1200cm; Standby row nursery stock after grafting moves into plastic film canopy in time, nursery stock moves into neat discharge in film canopy, row's seedling will make not contact between scion leaf and film, avoid the film blade of burning to affect graft survival rate, after row's seedling, seedbed surrounding being got to earth, to enclose flat nutritious bag suitable for reading, tamp the hole between nutritious bag, finally build film shed, film surrounding soil compaction sealing, moisturizing.
2. the green branch band of mango according to claim 1 leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: need to preserve scion time, adopt plastic bag sealing to spread shady and cool place scion, taken out every day and breathe freely and put into cooling water and soak cooling 4～5 minutes, after drying water, put into again sealed plastic bag moisturizing; Remote timing, sooner or later or the shady and cool time adopt fringe, every 20 one are bundled in base portion and tighten, and wrap up base portion with wet cotton, make base portion pack plastic sack down into or have in the bucket, frame of moisturizing condition, spray water moistening and cover wet towel moisturizing in blade face.
3. the green branch band of mango according to claim 1 leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: in the time cutting stock, stock is transported on grafting workbench, from stock, high 10～15cm wipes out top, clip scabbles with scraper, then from vertical partial application, incidentally xylem between xylem and cortex, incision length 2.5～3cm, and be shorter than scion bevel length 0.5cm.
4. the green branch band of mango according to claim 1 leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: in the time inserting scion, first take out from water having cut scion for subsequent use, the moisture that band adheres to, long bevel inserts stock otch, forms layer alignment towards stock xylem, in anvil fringe thickness not for the moment, adopt the mode of one side alignment.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN109197328A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-15 | 广西田东泰如鲜品农副产品配送有限公司 | A kind of efficient engrafting method of mango |
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| CN103493690B (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-10-29 | 攀枝花市鸿鹄农业开发有限责任公司 | Mango grafting cap cut-grafting method |
| CN103749161B (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2016-01-20 | 杜林峰 | A kind of geometry grafting method of ornamental and afforestation trees |
| CN104521485A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-22 | 施建中 | New Ascendens mucronatum rejuvenation and strain renovation method |
| CN104396676B (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-07-06 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Almond landscape tree breeding method |
| CN104982238A (en) * | 2015-07-18 | 2015-10-21 | 常州市鼎日环保科技有限公司 | Method for grafting plants |
| CN105594463B (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2019-04-23 | 中国农业科学院柑桔研究所 | A kind of citrus Grafting of buds method |
| CN106797806A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-06-06 | 李志旭 | A kind of engrafting method of mango branch |
| CN109076858A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-25 | 田东县文设芒果专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method improving mango quality |
| CN108990575A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-14 | 广西田东县东辰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of propagation by grafiting method of mango |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109197328A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-15 | 广西田东泰如鲜品农副产品配送有限公司 | A kind of efficient engrafting method of mango |
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