CN102803423A - 有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造 - Google Patents

有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造 Download PDF

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CN102803423A
CN102803423A CN2010800253791A CN201080025379A CN102803423A CN 102803423 A CN102803423 A CN 102803423A CN 2010800253791 A CN2010800253791 A CN 2010800253791A CN 201080025379 A CN201080025379 A CN 201080025379A CN 102803423 A CN102803423 A CN 102803423A
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tackiness agent
silicon gel
pressure sensitive
sensitive adhesive
gel tackiness
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史蒂文·S·坎特纳
特里·W·刘易斯
玛丽·L·布朗
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，所述构造包含(a)多孔背衬，(b)在所述多孔背衬的一面的至少一部分上的丙烯酸类共聚物压敏粘合剂层，和(c)在所述压敏粘合剂层上的固化的有机硅凝胶粘合剂。

Description

有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造
相关专利申请的交叉引用
本专利申请要求2009年4月17日提交的美国临时专利申请No.61/170447的优先权，该专利的公开内容全文以引用方式并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及用作例如医用胶带或敷料的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造。
背景技术
期望的是将有机硅凝胶粘合剂用于医用胶带和敷料构造，因为有机硅凝胶粘合剂提供良好的与皮肤的粘合力，具有温和的移除力并能够重新粘合。除此之外，作为交联凝胶，有机硅凝胶粘合剂不会绕毛发流动，并且因此不会在移除时拉扯毛发。
未固化的有机硅凝胶具有低粘度(例如，在1000mPa·s至6000mPa·s之间)，然而，这使得涂布多孔基底的一面时非常困难。具有低表面能的有机硅容易润湿大多数表面，并且迁移至并透过多孔基底。在医用胶带和敷料构造中，这种迁移是不期望的，因为这导致构造背面上的染污和/或粘着。这也导致废材料损失在基底内。
克服该问题的一种方法，例如在美国专利No.7,161,056中所公开的，是将有机硅凝胶前体挤压到平面成型表面上，然后对其加热。在有机硅已经开始交联之后，但在其完全交联之前，可将吸收材料层合至顶面。该方法称其可在吸收材料和固化的有机硅凝胶之间有效地形成良好的粘合而有机硅化合物不会流进吸收材料的开放孔洞中。但是，该方法需要严格控制时间和温度以确保有机硅在接触吸收材料之前达到均匀的固化水平，包括交联网。因此，要避免易变固化的随机分布的区域非常困难。
如果在层合之前有机硅凝胶前体过于完全地固化，将导致这两种材料之间的粘合力不足。本质上，有机硅凝胶粘合剂不具有高的表面粘合力。因此，固化的有机硅凝胶粘合剂对于表面的粘合力低，尤其是如果表面是织造、非织造或针织织物类的材料，则其中有机硅凝胶和织物之间的全接触就低。
提高这种所谓的“二-粘合”粘合力的方法包括通过掺入羟基取代的硅氧烷树脂(参见(例如)美国专利申请公开No.2007/0202245)或通过用选自钛酸盐材料、锆酸盐材料、含有Si-H的硅氧烷和铂材料的底漆涂布基底或固化的有机硅凝胶(参见(例如)美国专利申请公开No.2007/0042108)来改性有机硅凝胶。
然而，市场上的有机硅凝胶粘合剂产品往往具有相对厚的构造。例如，它们往往包含厚度为6密耳或更多的有机硅凝胶。它们还可以包含凝胶内的结网或附接到膜背衬的粘合剂面的稀松布以提供机械固定，这迫使构造更厚。如此厚的构造可使得更多的发粘边缘暴露，该发粘边缘可粘至衣物等等，导致胶带或敷料被带起。另外，尽管有机硅粘合剂具有高湿气传输速率(MVTR)，但MVTR与厚度成反比。因此，较厚的构造可具有相对差的实际MVTR。将具有比皮肤的MVTR(大约200至300g/m2/24小时)低的MVTR的胶带或敷料放置在皮肤上，允许水分在皮肤/粘合剂界面处累积，这会降低粘合强度。这些水分还可以浸软皮肤，使皮肤弱化并且在移除胶带时导致更大的损伤。因此，需要MVTR至少约300g/m2/24小时的医用胶带或敷料。
发明内容
根据以上所述，我们认识到在本领域中需要在诸如织造、非织造和针织织物类的背衬之类的多孔背衬上具有接触皮肤的有机硅凝胶粘合剂的改善的医用胶带或敷料构造，以及制备此类构造的方法。具体地讲，我们认识到所述构造应该包含良好地粘附至多孔背衬的有机硅凝胶粘合剂。
简言之，在一个方面，本发明提供有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，所述构造包含(a)多孔背衬，(b)在多孔背衬的一面的至少一部分上的丙烯酸类共聚物压敏粘合剂层，和(c)在压敏粘合剂层上的固化的有机硅凝胶粘合剂。
在另一方面，本发明提供制备有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造的方法。第一种方法包括用丙烯酸类共聚物压敏粘合剂基本上密封多孔背衬的一面的至少一部分，将有机硅粘合剂凝胶前体涂布在压敏粘合剂上，并且固化该有机硅粘合剂凝胶前体。第二种方法包括用丙烯酸类共聚物压敏粘合剂基本上密封多孔背衬的一面的至少一部分，并且将固化的有机硅凝胶粘合剂层合至压敏粘合剂上。
本发明的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造可用作医用胶带和敷料。所述构造包含良好地粘附至多孔背衬的有机硅凝胶粘合剂。另外，在本发明的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造的至少一些实施例中，所述构造具有发粘边缘暴露最少的薄型。本发明的多个构造还具有至少约300g/m2/24小时(优选地，至少约600g/m2/24小时；更优选地，至少约1000g/m2/24小时)的MVTR。
因此本发明的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造和本发明的方法满足本领域中对于在诸如织造、非织造和针织织物类的背衬之类的多孔背衬上具有接触皮肤的有机硅凝胶粘合剂的改善的医用胶带或敷料构造以及制备此类构造的方法的需求。
具体实施方式
多孔基底
本发明的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造包含多孔背衬。优选地，多孔背衬包含软的、弹性的和适形的材料。
例如，多孔背衬可以由织物、非织造织物、熔喷纤维网、泡沫、纺粘纤维网、热粘纤维网、射流喷网、纸张和热压印的非织造织物，以及在美国专利No.5,496,603中描述的那些制备。更准确地说，基底的实例可以是：有机聚合物(诸如棉、聚乙烯醇或纤维素)的织造织物、针织织物或非织造织物；纸张；和聚乙烯醇的打孔膜。如果需要，基底可以用已知的防水剂进行防水处理。基底可以是弹性或非弹性的。优选地，基底具有良好的透气性和透水性，并且具有良好的弹性。
优选的多孔背衬包括弹性棉织物(织造织物)或非织造织物，以及含有非织造熔喷聚氨酯材料的多孔背衬。在一个优选的实施例中，多孔背衬包含如美国专利No.7,066,182的实例1中所述的吹塑至漂白的致密54.5#纸张上的熔喷聚氨酯纤维网。
其他可用的织造和非织造背衬的例子公开于美国专利No.6,497,949中。
丙烯酸类共聚物压敏粘合剂
多孔背衬用丙烯酸类共聚物压敏粘合剂(PSA)的薄涂层基本上密封其一面(例如，至少密封75％)。可用于本发明的丙烯酸类共聚物PSA包括具有相对良好的MVTR，大于约300g/m2/24hr(优选地，大于600g/m2/24hr)的那些。这些PSA是本领域已知的，并且包含大部分的橡胶单体(诸如，例如丙烯酸2-乙基己酯或丙烯酸丁酯)以及少量的极性单体(诸如，例如丙烯酸或丙烯酰胺)。这些PSA与极性添加剂的共混物也为可用的。
丙烯酸类共聚物PSA可通过涂布水基乳液丙烯酸类共聚物、100％固体热熔体丙烯酸类共聚物或溶剂型溶液丙烯酸类共聚物来施用。合适的热熔体丙烯酸类共聚物的例子公开于例如美国专利No.6,441,092中。合适的热熔体丙烯酸类共聚物的例子包括丙烯酸2-乙基己酯/丙烯酸/4-丙烯酰-氧二苯酮(ABP)和AvalureTMAC 210丙烯酸酯共聚物的共混物(例如，以85/15的重量比)。合适的水基丙烯酸类共聚物的例子是作为粘合剂BBB描述于美国专利No.4,973,513中。
由于环境考虑和包括聚氨酯的一些背衬材料的敏感性，相对于溶剂，乳液聚合物和热熔体聚合物为通常优选的。可将丙烯酸类共聚物直接涂布到多孔背衬上，或可将丙烯酸类共聚物涂布到防粘衬片上，然后层合至背衬(可选地在干燥之后)。直接涂布到多孔背衬上为通常优选的，以最小化步骤数和消除处理衬片的需要。然而，在一些情况下，例如，当溶剂型丙烯酸类共聚物PSA与溶剂敏感的基底一起使用时，所述层合方法为优选的。
丙烯酸类共聚物PSA的涂层重量应该足以抑制涂层中过量的气孔，过量的气孔在添加有机硅凝胶粘合剂前体时会导致透湿。多孔背衬上的丙烯酸类共聚物PSA的涂层重量通常为约15g/m2至约80g/m2(优选为约20g/m2至约45g/m2)。
有机硅凝胶粘合剂
本发明的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造包含接触皮肤的有机硅粘合剂凝胶。可将有机硅凝胶粘合剂前体涂布到用丙烯酸类共聚物PSA基本上密封的多孔基底上。然后可固化该有机硅凝胶粘合剂前体。或者，可将有机硅凝胶粘合剂前体固化在合适的防粘衬片上并且层合至多孔背衬的涂布有丙烯酸类共聚物PSA的一面。
本领域已知的有机硅凝胶粘合剂。如WO 2008/057155中所详述的，其为具有粘弹性的、凝胶状的稠度的轻度交联的有机硅聚合物。它们通常使用由铂催化剂催化的α-ω乙烯基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷和含有Si-H的硅氧烷之间的硅氢化反应来形成。有关它们的配方和性质的更多细节公开于例如美国专利No.4,991,574和No.5,145,933中。
合适的有机硅凝胶粘合剂前体可商购获得。若干制造商销售基于铂催化的两组分加成固化化学的这些材料类型。这些材料(未固化)通常具有约1000mPa·s至约6000mPa·s的粘度。合适的市售有机硅凝胶前体的例子包括Blue Star Silicones SilbioneTMRT Gel 4317、DowCorning MG 7-9850Soft Skin Adhesive(SSA)和Wacker SilGelTM612，这些前体均为两组分100％固体铂催化的加成固化材料。
有机硅凝胶粘合剂的涂层重量通常为约20g/m2至约150g/m2(优选为约40g/m2至约120g/m2)。有机硅凝胶粘合剂涂层厚度通常为约0.8密耳至约6密耳。较低的涂层重量可能不能提供对皮肤足够的粘附性质，而较高的涂层重量更昂贵，赋予较厚型发粘边缘并且降低MVTR。
令人意外的是有机硅凝胶形成对丙烯酸类共聚物PSA高的界面粘合力。有机硅传统上被用作多种丙烯酸PSA的隔离表面，并且已知甚至少量的来自固化不足的衬片的游离有机硅液对于这些PSA的污染会大大降低粘着力。如Donatas Satas编著的Handbook of PressureSensitive Adhesive Technology(《压敏粘合剂技术指南》)第2版第24章的第602页中所记录的，有机硅涂层显示具有对其他分子低的吸引力并且被认为与有机高分子不相容。然而，本发明的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造具有良好的二-粘合粘合力。
实例
下面的实例将进一步说明本发明的目的和优点，但这些实例中列举的具体材料及其量以及其他条件和细节不应被解释为是对本发明的不当限制。
材料
多孔背衬
这些实例中使用的多孔背衬为在美国专利No.7,066,182的实例1中所描述的熔喷聚氨酯(MBPU)纤维网。该多孔背衬被吹塑至其粘附的漂白的致密54.5#纸张上。
丙烯酸类共聚物屏蔽涂层
“热熔体”-85重量％的丙烯酸2-乙基己酯/丙烯酸/ABP(96.5/3.5/0.05的重量比)和15重量％的AvalureTMAC 210丙烯酸酯共聚物的共混物，公开于美国专利No.6,441,092中。
“水基”-水基丙烯酸粘合剂描述于美国专利4,973,513中，粘合剂BBB。
有机硅凝胶粘合剂
使用了三种有机硅凝胶粘合剂：Blue Star Silicones SilbioneTMRTGel 4317(“Blue Star”)、Dow Corning MG 7-9850Soft Skin Adhesive(“Dow”)和Wacker SilGelTM612(“Wacker”)。三种有机硅凝胶粘合剂均为两组分100％固体铂催化的加成固化材料。
基底的制备
用热熔体粘合剂或水基粘合剂涂布MBPU纤维网如下：
用涂层重量为10格令(grains)/4″×6″(42g/m2)和15格令/4″×6″(63g/m2)的粘合剂共混物来热熔体涂布MBPU。
用#5、#12和#22梅耶棒将水基粘合剂涂布到MBPU纤维网上，并且在65℃下干燥10分钟。所得的涂层重量相对独立于梅耶棒，在5.6至6.3格令/4×6(23至26g/m2)的范围内。
当从纸张载体移除时，MBPU纤维网的未涂布面具有与起始未涂布的纤维网相同的外观和手感。
用有机硅凝胶粘合剂涂布
将有机硅凝胶粘合剂的两组分等分混合，并使用刮刀式涂胶机涂布到MBPU纤维网基底上，间隙设置为14密耳或15密耳(比在纸张载体上的MBPU纤维网标称厚1密耳或2密耳)。将所得的涂层在65℃的烘箱中放置7分钟进行固化。
测试
有机硅凝胶的透湿通过估计在纸张载体上所见的染污百分比来评估。MVTR以类似于ASTM E 96-80中所描述的方式在40℃下进行评价并以每天每平方米所传输的克数来表示(g/m2/24hr)。
Figure BDA0000117492620000081
在不脱离本发明范围和精神的前提下，本发明的各种修改和更改对本领域的技术人员而言将是显而易见的。应当理解，本发明并非意图受本文提出的示例性实施例和实例的不当限制，并且此类实例和实施例仅以举例的方式提出，本发明的范围旨在仅受所附权利要求书的限制。

Claims (21)

1.一种有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其包含：
(a)多孔背衬，
(b)在所述多孔背衬的一面的至少一部分上的丙烯酸类共聚物压敏粘合剂层，和
(c)在所述压敏粘合剂层上的固化的有机硅凝胶粘合剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述压敏粘合剂层基本上密封所述多孔背衬的一面的所述至少一部分。
3.根据权利要求1所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述构造具有至少约300g/m2/24小时的湿气传输速率。
4.根据权利要求3所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述构造具有至少约600g/m2/24小时的湿气传输速率。
5.根据权利要求1所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述多孔背衬包括非织造材料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述多孔背衬包括非织造熔喷聚氨酯材料。
7.根据权利要求1所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述丙烯酸类共聚物压敏粘合剂层的涂层重量为约15g/m2至约80g/m2。
8.根据权利要求7所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述丙烯酸类共聚物压敏粘合剂层的涂层重量为约20g/m2至约45g/m2。
9.根据权利要求1所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述有机硅凝胶粘合剂的涂层重量为约20g/m2至约150g/m2。
10.根据权利要求9所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述有机硅凝胶粘合剂的涂层重量为约40g/m2至约120g/m2。
11.根据权利要求1所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述有机硅凝胶粘合剂的厚度为约0.8密耳至约6密耳。
12.根据权利要求1所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述有机硅凝胶粘合剂由铂催化剂催化的α-ω乙烯基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷和含有Si-H的硅氧烷之间的硅氢化反应来形成。
13.根据权利要求1所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述有机硅凝胶粘合剂选自Blue Star Silicones SilbioneTMRT Gel 4317、DowCorning MG 7-9850Soft Skin Adhesive(SSA)和Wacker SilGelTM612。
14.根据权利要求1所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述压敏粘合剂包含大部分的丙烯酸2-乙基己酯或丙烯酸丁酯以及少量的丙烯酸或丙烯酰胺。
15.根据权利要求1所述的有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造，其中所述压敏粘合剂为乳液聚合物或热熔体聚合物。
16.一种制备有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造的方法，所述方法包括：
(a)用丙烯酸类共聚物压敏粘合剂基本上密封多孔背衬的一面的至少一部分，
(b)将有机硅粘合剂凝胶前体涂布在所述压敏粘合剂上，和
(c)固化所述有机硅粘合剂凝胶前体。
17.一种制备有机硅凝胶粘合剂构造的方法，所述方法包括：
(a)用丙烯酸类共聚物压敏粘合剂基本上密封多孔背衬的一面的至少一部分，和
(b)将固化的有机硅凝胶粘合剂层合至所述压敏粘合剂上。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中将所述固化的有机硅凝胶粘合剂提供在防粘衬片上。
19.根据权利要求16或17所述的方法，其中用压敏粘合剂基本上密封所述多孔背衬的一面的至少一部分包括将丙烯酸类共聚物涂布到所述多孔背衬的一面的至少一部分上。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法，其中将丙烯酸类共聚物涂布到所述多孔背衬上包括涂布水基乳液聚合物或涂布100％固体热熔体聚合物。
21.根据权利要求16或17所述的方法，其中用压敏粘合剂基本上密封所述多孔背衬的一面的至少一部分包括将丙烯酸类共聚物涂布到防粘衬片上和将所述丙烯酸类共聚物层合至所述多孔背衬的一面的至少一部分上。
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