CN102301887B - High-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam - Google Patents
High-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam Download PDFInfo
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- CN102301887B CN102301887B CN201110200760.3A CN201110200760A CN102301887B CN 102301887 B CN102301887 B CN 102301887B CN 201110200760 A CN201110200760 A CN 201110200760A CN 102301887 B CN102301887 B CN 102301887B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam, including selecting improved seeds, selection of land, soil deep tillage and using sufficient base fertilizer, prepare seedling, sowing, field management and gather and process.Quality better and the amount of increase in production Rhizoma Dioscoreae more than 20% can be obtained with the yam cultivation planting technology measure of the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to arviculture field, be specifically related to the cultivation technique of Rhizoma Dioscoreae.
Background technology
Rhizoma Dioscoreae is Dioscoreaceae yam, and it is the crop of dietotherapeutic, and by the successive dynasties, medicine man is referred to as " longevity factor ".Rhizoma Dioscoreae is the tonic that the four seasons can eat, suit the taste of both old and young, and is the fine work of integration of edible and medicinal herbs.Rhizoma Dioscoreae plants trace element and several mineral materials rich in 18 kinds of aminoacid and more than 10, and Rhizoma Dioscoreae effect is a lot of, has and " spleen invigorating tonification, grow essence and reinforce the kidney, control all kinds of diseases and ailments, treat saying of " five kinds of strain and seven kinds of impairment " in Li Shizhen (1518-1593 A.D.) Compendium of Material Medica.The adaptation of Rhizoma Dioscoreae is very competent, the most all has plantation.But, the Rhizoma Dioscoreae that quality better to be produced, yield are high need nonetheless remain for exploring a set of cultivation management technology.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide high-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam.
The high-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam of the present invention, its step is as follows:
(1) improved seeds are selected to select disease-resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, yield height, quality better, the kind of shelf-stable；
(2) selection of land selects high-land, soil layer loose sandy loam thick, fertile, irrigates and draining plot all easily, forbids continuous cropping；
(3) soil deep tillage and use sufficient base fertilizer
Soil deep tillage 60-80 centimetre, during soil deeptillage, first the topsoil on 20-30 centimetre of top layer to be turned over, be further continued for ploughing deeply, it is the formation of cultivating ditch, then will fill out the topsoil that thickness is 30 centimetres bottom planting furrow, and then apply base fertilizer, base fertilizer is with every mu of calcium superphosphate 50-60 kilogram, decomposed manure 5000-8000 kilogram, potassium sulfate 50-60 kilogram, the most again earthing 20 centimetres, and it is sprinkled into every mu of 5% phoxim granule 2～2.5 kilograms wherein；
(4) seedling is prepared
By tuber by the 8-10 centimetre of section of cutting into, two ends incision glues one layer of plant ash and/or Calx, or soaks 1-2 minute with 300 times of liquid carbendazim medicinal liquids, can sow after drying；
(5) sowing
5 centimetres of earth's surface ground temperature stably can be planted more than 9-10 DEG C, by line-spacing 30-50 centimetre trench digging, ditch depth 10 centimetres, Rhizoma Dioscoreae ditch water permeable after, kind of tuber is longitudinally lain in ditch central authorities, spacing in the rows 20-25 cm；
(6) field management
Timely weeding, irrigation, prevention and elimination of disease and pests and topdress after emerging; after seedling is formed; " the big spirit of medical material root " is sprayed on blade face; irrigation time about in mid-May to late June; within during this general about 10 days, water the most permeable; irrigate after late June and suitably to water according to soil moisture; topdress mainly at the middle and late stage of Rhizoma Dioscoreae growth; typically impose 2-3 time; every time with every mu of 30-50 kilogram of carbamide; Later growth foliage-spray " the big spirit of medical material root ", 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% carbamide, and spray plant protection product " new high fat film "；
(7) gather and process
Start results when the leaf abscission of the aerial stem of plant 2/3rds, dig along row plane when gathering, be careful not to hinder tuber, want after results in time fresh tuber to be processed.
5% described sulfur phosphorus granule refers to mix what 10 kilograms of the slag of diameter 2 millimeter was made with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 1 kilogram.
It is the effective measures of preventing and treating variety deterioration as seedling with Rhizoma Dioscoreae tuber.
Spray " the big spirit of medical material root ", under ground portion nutrition transport catheter can be made to increase thick, strengthen nutrient conveying capacity, improve the degree of expanding of underground rhizome.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is it and can obtain quality better and the Rhizoma Dioscoreae of volume increase more than 20% than other cultivation step.
Detailed description of the invention
The high-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam of the present invention, including selecting improved seeds, selection of land, soil deep tillage and using sufficient base fertilizer, prepare seedling, sowing, field management and gather and process.Select disease-resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, yield height, quality better, the kind of shelf-stable.Select high-land, soil layer loose sandy loam thick, fertile, irrigate and draining plot all easily, forbid continuous cropping.Soil deep tillage 60-80 centimetre, during soil deeptillage, first turn over the topsoil on 20-30 centimetre of top layer, it is further continued for ploughing deeply, never turns over random soil layer, after soil is ploughed deeply, it is the formation of cultivating ditch, first will fill out the topsoil that thickness is 30 centimetres bottom planting furrow, and then apply base fertilizer, base fertilizer is with every mu of calcium superphosphate 50-60 kilogram, decomposed manure 5000-8000 kilogram, potassium sulfate 50-60 kilogram, the most again earthing 20 centimetres, and it is sprinkled into every mu of 5% phoxim granule 2～2.5 kilograms wherein.By tuber by the 8-10 centimetre of section of cutting into, two ends incision glues one layer of plant ash and/or Calx, or soaks 1-2 minute with 300 times of liquid carbendazim medicinal liquids, can sow after drying.Seedtime be 5 centimetres of ground temperature of table stably more than 9-10 DEG C, by line-spacing 30-50 centimetre trench digging, ditch depth 10 centimetres, Rhizoma Dioscoreae ditch water permeable after, seedling is longitudinally lain in ditch central authorities, spacing in the rows 20-25 cm.Timely weeding, irrigation, prevention and elimination of disease and pests and topdress after emerging.On blade face, after seedling is formed, spray " the big spirit of medical material root ".In mid-May to late June, within general about 10 days, irrigate the most permeable, irrigate after late June and suitably to water according to soil moisture.Topdress mainly at the middle and late stage of Rhizoma Dioscoreae growth, typically impose 2-3 time, every time with every mu of 30-50 kilogram of carbamide.Later growth foliage-spray " the big spirit of medical material root ", 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% carbamide, and spray plant protection product " new high fat film ".Start results when the leaf abscission of the aerial stem of plant 2/3rds, dig along row plane when gathering, be careful not to hinder tuber, want after results in time fresh tuber to be processed.
Claims (2)
1. a high-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam, its step is as follows:
(1) improved seeds are selected to select disease-resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, yield height, quality better, the kind of shelf-stable；
(2) selection of land selects high-land, soil layer loose sandy loam thick, fertile, irrigates and draining plot all easily, forbids continuous cropping；
(3) soil deep tillage and use sufficient base fertilizer soil deep tillage 60-80 centimetre, during soil deeptillage, first the topsoil on 20-30 centimetre of top layer to be turned over, be further continued for ploughing deeply, it is the formation of cultivating ditch, then filling out, bottom cultivation ditch, the topsoil that thickness is 30 centimetres, then apply base fertilizer, base fertilizer is with every mu of calcium superphosphate 50-60 kilogram, decomposed manure 5000-8000 kilogram, potassium sulfate 50-60 kilogram, the most again earthing 20 centimetres, and it is sprinkled into every mu of 5% phoxim granule 2～2.5 kilograms wherein；
(4) seedling is prepared
By tuber by the 8-10 centimetre of section of cutting into, two ends incision glues one layer of plant ash and/or Calx, or soaks 1-2 minute with 300 times of liquid carbendazim medicinal liquids, sows after drying；
(5) sowing
5 centimetres of earth's surface ground temperature is stably planted more than 10 DEG C, by line-spacing 30-50 centimetre trench digging, ditch depth 10 centimetres, Rhizoma Dioscoreae ditch water permeable after, kind of tuber is longitudinally lain in ditch central authorities, spacing in the rows 20-25 centimetre；
(6) field management
Timely weeding, irrigation, prevention and elimination of disease and pests and topdress after emerging; after seedling is formed; " the big spirit of medical material root " is sprayed on blade face; irrigation time in mid-May to late June; 10 days this periods watered the most permeable; irrigate after late June and suitably to water according to soil moisture; topdress at the middle and late stage of Rhizoma Dioscoreae growth; impose 2-3 time; every time with every mu of 30-50 kilogram of carbamide; Later growth foliage-spray " the big spirit of medical material root ", 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% carbamide, and spray plant protection product " new high fat film "；
(7) gather and process
Start results when the leaf abscission of the aerial stem of plant 2/3rds, dig along row plane when gathering, be careful not to hinder tuber, want after results in time fresh tuber to be processed.
High-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 5% described phoxim granule refers to mix what 10 kilograms of the slag of diameter 2 millimeter was made with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 1 kilogram.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110200760.3A CN102301887B (en) | 2011-07-19 | 2011-07-19 | High-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110200760.3A CN102301887B (en) | 2011-07-19 | 2011-07-19 | High-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102301887A CN102301887A (en) | 2012-01-04 |
| CN102301887B true CN102301887B (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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Families Citing this family (22)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102860198A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2013-01-09 | 新疆医科大学 | Organic planting method of Xinjiang yam |
| CN102907239A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-06 | 温县物华怀药有限公司 | Breeding method for iron stick yam |
| CN103004414A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-04-03 | 康忠武 | High-yield cultivation method for yam |
| CN103262731B (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2015-03-25 | 贵州盛禾特色农产品有限公司 | Planting method for Chinese yams |
| CN104412818A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-18 | 襄阳市卧龙山药专业合作社 | Xiangyang yam cultivation method |
| CN103563626A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-12 | 杨树东 | Method for efficiently cultivating Chinese yams in manner of interplanting Chinese cabbages and bitter gourd |
| CN104025855B (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-07-06 | 江西省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of Rhizoma dioscoreae machinery ridging is without built micro potato cultural method |
| CN104081984B (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-08-03 | 黄阳春 | A kind of implantation methods of Rhizomadioscoreae |
| CN104221669B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-03-16 | 葛建 | A kind of purple Chinese yam nursery and cultivation method |
| CN104488476B (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2016-12-07 | 南通市乐悦实业有限公司 | A kind of cultural method improving booth Chinese yam polysaccharide content |
| CN104285632A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2015-01-21 | 韦俊 | Cultivation method for improving polysaccharide content of Chinese yam |
| CN104350905B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-04-20 | 湖北理工学院 | A kind of Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method |
| CN104396524A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 秦富英 | Cultivation method of dioscorea opposita |
| CN105009896A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-11-04 | 太仓市惠勤农场专业合作社 | Chinese yam cultivation method with convenient harvest, excellent quality and high yield |
| CN105237274A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2016-01-13 | 孙群 | Base fertilizer used for cultivation of Chinese yam |
| CN105918058A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-07 | 芜湖欧标农业发展有限公司 | Leptospermum scoparium cutting propagation method |
| CN105993482A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-10-12 | 田东县浙缘农业科技有限公司 | Interplanting method for rhizoma zedoariae and peanuts |
| CN106069139A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of Rhizoma Dioscoreae |
| CN106305092A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-11 | 七星关区大河口生态产业科技发展有限公司 | Chinese yam cultivation method |
| CN106489479A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-03-15 | 贵州盛禾特色农产品有限公司 | A kind of Rhizoma Dioscoreae method for culturing seedlings |
| CN107954791A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-04-24 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of compound fertilizer for preventing Chinese yam aphid and preparation method thereof |
| CN110612862A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2019-12-27 | 南京农业大学 | Method for propagating atractylis lancea root tuber in sections |
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| CN101647354A (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2010-02-17 | 王安合 | Method for cultivating yams |
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