CN104350905B - A kind of Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104350905B CN104350905B CN201410552440.8A CN201410552440A CN104350905B CN 104350905 B CN104350905 B CN 104350905B CN 201410552440 A CN201410552440 A CN 201410552440A CN 104350905 B CN104350905 B CN 104350905B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/34—Nitriles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method, specifically comprise the steps: the selection of Chinese yam kind stem tuber; Cutting knife is sterilized; Plant the stripping and slicing segmentation of stem tuber: first will plant stem tuber by " cross " rip cutting two cutter, then crosscut becomes to be about the Chinese yam cross-talk of 5-7cm, the average heavily about 15 ~ 20g of single Chinese yam cross-talk; Use Chinese yam stripping and slicing seed propagation special seed dressing process Chinese yam cross-talk; Seed bed preparation; Sowing; Can transplant when the bud that Chinese yam cross-talk grows exposes soil surface about 3 ~ 4cm.Adopt Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method of the present invention to breed Chinese yam seedling and produce Chinese yam, unit sowing quantity can be reduced, reduce the cost payout that unit plants; Adopt special seed dressing process Chinese yam cross-talk simultaneously, effectively can solve Chinese yam cross-talk and after planting hold perishable problem, and Chinese yam cross-talk sprouts early, emergence rate is high, seedling phase neat and consistent, and rotten kind of rate drops to less than 0.6%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method.
Background technology
Chinese yam is usually adopted on producing and breeds in two ways, a kind of mode directly sows bulbil, plantation tap (also claiming young plant) and sowing Chinese yam cross-talk to produce Chinese yam, another kind of mode utilizes the propagating materialss such as bulbil, tap and Chinese yam cross-talk to concentrate nursery, produces Chinese yam by transplanting Chinese yam seedling.In various seedling-cultivating method, the most common with the nursery of Chinese yam cross-talk.The key problem in technology of Chinese yam cross-talk nursery is utilized to be cutting and the tangent plane process of Chinese yam stem tuber.The way of prior art is: first Chinese yam kind stem tuber is indulged partial application, laterally be cut into the Chinese yam cross-talk being about 5-7cm again, then be seeded in after Chinese yam cross-talk being dipped in upper ash on seedbed and carry out nursery, this seedling raising manners have draw materials conveniently, the advantage such as simple to operate, quick facility, but there is the problems such as sowing quantity is large, high and easy rotten kind, dead seedling and emergence rate be low with kind of cost simultaneously.In addition, because Chinese yam cross-talk has the characteristic of first taking root and germinateing afterwards, it is long also to there is seedling-growing time in Chinese yam cross-talk after broadcasting, the mutually irregular problem of seedling.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, object is to provide a kind of Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method, the method is by improving the stem tuber block cutting method in traditional seedling-cultivating method, the seed dressing process Chinese yam cross-talk simultaneously using a kind of Chinese yam stripping and slicing seed propagation special before seeding and seedling raising, efficiently solves that Chinese yam cross-talk tangent plane easily rots, emergence rate is low, sowing quantity is large and by the high problem of kind cost.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) selection of Chinese yam kind stem tuber: select that form is consistent, not damaged, the harm of anosis worm Chinese yam stem tuber be propagating materials;
(2) cutting knife sterilization: after cutting knife is cleaned, with cotton ball soaked in alcohol wiping 2 ~ 3 times;
(3) plant stem tuber stripping and slicing segmentation: first will plant stem tuber press " cross " rip cutting two cutter, then the Chinese yam cross-talk of crosscut growth 5-7cm, single Chinese yam cross-talk on average weigh 15 ~ 20g;
(4) Chinese yam stripping and slicing seed propagation special seed dressing process Chinese yam cross-talk is used: Chinese yam cross-talk step (3) obtained mixes with the special seed dressing of Chinese yam stripping and slicing seed propagation, make seed dressing fully be attached on the tangent plane of Chinese yam cross-talk, the mass ratio of seed dressing and Chinese yam cross-talk is 1:10;
(5) seed bed preparation: selection fertile soil, draining easily sandy loam do seedbed, before sowing, 30 ~ 40cm are ploughed deeply in seedbed, by spacing 65 ~ 70cm ridging wholely;
(6) sow: after mixed Chinese yam cross-talk and seed dressing are placed 1 ~ 2 day, can directly be seeded on seedbed, during sowing, the shallow ridges excavating dark about 5cm by line-spacing 10 ~ 15cm on ridge, sows 1 Chinese yam cross-talk by spacing in the rows 5 ~ 10cm; After planting keep soil moisture content to be 60% of maxmun field capacity, can transplant when the bud that Chinese yam cross-talk grows exposes soil surface 3 ~ 4cm;
The described special seed dressing of Chinese yam stripping and slicing seed propagation is made up of root-growing agent, bactericide and ash, and each components based on weight percentage is: root-growing agent 1 ~ 15%, bactericide 30 ~ 44%, ash 55%.
By such scheme, described root-growing agent is mixed with by vermiculite power, 6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) and methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) and forms, and the percentage by weight of each component is: vermiculite power 98%, 6-BA1.5%, NAA0.5%; Its preparation method is: getting 1.5 parts of 6-BA and 0.5 part NAA is after the alcohol dissolving of 95% respectively by 1ml volume fraction, adds water and is settled to 100ml, more fully mix thoroughly with 98 parts of dry vermiculite powers, be placed in 80 DEG C and dry to constant weight.
By such scheme, described bactericide is tpn.
Preferably, each components based on weight percentage of described seed dressing is: root-growing agent 1 ~ 4%, bactericide 41 ~ 44%, ash 55%.
More preferably, each components based on weight percentage of described seed dressing is: root-growing agent 1.5%, bactericide 43.5%, ash 55%.
In prior art, the cutting method of Chinese yam cross-talk is: kind of a stem tuber is indulged partial application (see Fig. 1), crosscut becomes to be about the Chinese yam cross-talk (Fig. 3) of 5-7cm again, and single Chinese yam cross-talk on average heavily about 30 ~ 40g, sows after then Chinese yam cross-talk being dipped in upper ash.Compared with prior art, the present invention adopts the method (see Fig. 2) of " cross " rip cutting two cutter, single Chinese yam cross-talk on average heavily about 15 ~ 20g, and the weight of single Chinese yam cross-talk reduces, and means the minimizing of unit sowing quantity; Simultaneously by the special seed dressing process of Chinese yam cross-talk Chinese yam stripping and slicing seed propagation after cutting, in seed dressing, ash has sterilization and promotes the effect of Chinese yam cross-talk tangent plane healing; Tpn has bactericidal action, can prevent and treat Chinese yam cross-talk and rot because of bacteria infection; Vermiculite power in root-growing agent has water conservation, ventilates and is not easy characteristics such as rotting, and after Chinese yam cross-talk dips in vermiculite power, gas permeability increases, and meanwhile, due to the buffer action of vermiculite power, also has certain facilitation to minimizing tangent plane pathogenic infection microorganism; Methyl α-naphthyl acetate and 6-benzyl aminoadenine are all conventional plant growth regulator, and wherein the Main Function of methyl α-naphthyl acetate is the formation promoting root, and the Main Function of 6-benzyl aminoadenine is the formation promoting bud.Therefore under the synergy regulation and control of ash, tpn and root-growing agent, Chinese yam cross-talk after planting shows as morning of taking root, germinates also early, take root and germinate and synchronously carry out (sowing after 20 days, can see and Chinese yam cross-talk defines obvious root and bud), and seedling-growing time Relatively centralized, emergence rate is high, seedling is mutually neat, overcome Chinese yam cross-talk in prior art and broadcast the deficiencies such as rear emergence rate is low, seedling is mutually inconsistent, Chinese yam cross-talk emergence rate height also reduces sowing quantity indirectly simultaneously, decreases with kind of a cost.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method of the present invention to breed Chinese yam seedling and produce Chinese yam, unit sowing quantity can be reduced, reduce the cost payout that unit plants; Adopt special seed dressing process Chinese yam cross-talk simultaneously, effectively can solve Chinese yam cross-talk and after planting hold perishable problem, and Chinese yam cross-talk sprouts early, emergence rate is high, seedling phase neat and consistent, and rotten kind of rate drops to less than 0.6%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the kind stem tuber rip cutting sectional view (vertical partial application) of prior art.
Fig. 2 is of the present invention kind of stem tuber rip cutting sectional view (" cross " rip cutting two cutter).
Fig. 3 adopts traditional Chinese yam rhizome cutting propagation method in prior art to sow the germination of Chinese yam cross-talk after 20 days, and in figure, 1 is root, and 2 is bud.
Fig. 4 is the germination adopting Chinese yam rhizome cutting propagation method of the present invention to sow Chinese yam cross-talk after 20 days, and in figure, 1 is root, and 2 is bud.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, illustrate content of the present invention further below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to example below.
In following examples, the operating procedure of Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method comprises:
(1) selection of Chinese yam kind stem tuber: select that form is consistent, not damaged, the harm of anosis worm Chinese yam stem tuber be propagating materials;
(2) cutting knife sterilization: after cutting knife is cleaned, with cotton ball soaked in alcohol wiping 2 ~ 3 times;
(3) plant the stripping and slicing segmentation of stem tuber: first will plant stem tuber by " cross " rip cutting two cutter, then crosscut becomes to be about the Chinese yam cross-talk of 5-7cm, the average heavily about 15g ~ 20g of single Chinese yam cross-talk;
(4) the special seed dressing process Chinese yam cross-talk of Chinese yam rhizome cutting propagation is used: Chinese yam cross-talk step (3) the obtained seed dressing special with Chinese yam rhizome cutting propagation mixes, make seed dressing fully be attached on the tangent plane of Chinese yam cross-talk, the mass ratio of seed dressing and Chinese yam cross-talk is 1:10;
(5) seedbed arranges: selection fertile soil, draining easily sandy loam do seedbed, before sowing, 30 ~ 40cm are ploughed deeply in seedbed, by spacing 65 ~ 70cm ridging wholely.
(6) sow: after mixed Chinese yam cross-talk and seed dressing are placed 1 ~ 2 day, can directly be seeded on seedbed, during sowing, the shallow ridges excavating dark about 5cm by line-spacing 10 ~ 15cm on ridge, sows 1 Chinese yam cross-talk by spacing in the rows 5 ~ 10cm; After planting keep Soil moisture to be 60% of maxmun field capacity, can transplant when the bud that Chinese yam cross-talk grows exposes when soil is about 3 ~ 4cm.
The described special seed dressing of Chinese yam rhizome cutting propagation is made up of root-growing agent, bactericide and ash, and each components based on weight percentage is: root-growing agent 1.5%, bactericide 43.5%, ash 55%;
Described root-growing agent is mixed with by vermiculite power, 6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) and methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) and forms, and the percentage by weight of each component is: vermiculite power 98%, 6-BA1.5%, NAA0.5%; Its preparation method is: getting 1.5 parts of 6-BA and 0.5 part NAA is after the alcohol dissolving of 95% respectively by 1ml volume fraction, adds water and is settled to 100ml, more fully mix thoroughly with 98 parts of dry vermiculite powers, be placed in 80 DEG C and dry to constant weight;
Described bactericide is tpn.
Embodiment 1 ~ 3
2011-2013 adopts above-mentioned Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method to breed Chinese yam seedling, and annual plantation 200 mu, amounts to 600 mu.The emergence rate of every mu of seeding quantity and after planting Chinese yam cross-talk and rotten kind of rate are in table 1.Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are respectively Chinese yam cross-talk by the Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method of prior art and Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method of the present invention sowing taking root after 20 days, situation of sprouting, both can normally germinate, but there is notable difference: in Fig. 3 Chinese yam cross-talk take root early, sprout late, well developed root system, bud is relatively little; The taking root and sprout obviously slightly earlier of Chinese yam cross-talk in Fig. 4, and to take root and sprout be synchronously carry out, and emerges neat.
In addition, the method for the invention reduces half than the sowing quantity of the conventional method of prior art.Associative list 1 and Fig. 4 result show, Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method of the present invention is adopted to sow Chinese yam cross-talk, not only sowing quantity significantly reduces, reduces with kind of cost, and broadcasts rear Chinese yam cross-talk and be not easy to rot, emergence rate high (emergence rate up to 99.4%, rotting rate be only 0.6%).
The implementation result that table 1 adopts the present invention to cultivate Chinese yam seedling for continuous 3 years
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for the example done clearly is described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And therefore amplified apparent change or variation are still within the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a Chinese yam seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) selection of Chinese yam kind stem tuber: select that form is consistent, not damaged, the harm of anosis worm Chinese yam stem tuber be propagating materials;
(2) cutting knife sterilization: after cutting knife is cleaned, with cotton ball soaked in alcohol wiping 2 ~ 3 times;
(3) plant stem tuber stripping and slicing segmentation: first will plant stem tuber press " cross " rip cutting two cutter, then crosscut growth 5 ~ 7cm Chinese yam cross-talk, single Chinese yam cross-talk on average weigh 15 ~ 20g;
(4) Chinese yam stripping and slicing seed propagation special seed dressing process Chinese yam cross-talk is used: Chinese yam cross-talk step (3) obtained mixes with the special seed dressing of Chinese yam stripping and slicing seed propagation, make seed dressing fully be attached on the tangent plane of Chinese yam cross-talk, the mass ratio of seed dressing and Chinese yam cross-talk is 1:10;
(5) seed bed preparation: selection fertile soil, draining easily sandy loam do seedbed, before sowing, 30 ~ 40cm are ploughed deeply in seedbed, by spacing 65 ~ 70cm ridging wholely;
(6) sow: after mixed Chinese yam cross-talk and seed dressing are placed 1 ~ 2 day, can directly be seeded on seedbed, during sowing, on ridge, excavate the shallow ridges of dark 5cm by line-spacing 10 ~ 15cm, sow 1 Chinese yam cross-talk by spacing in the rows 5 ~ 10cm; After planting keep soil moisture content to be 60% of maxmun field capacity, can transplant when the bud that Chinese yam cross-talk grows exposes soil surface 3 ~ 4cm;
The described special seed dressing of Chinese yam stripping and slicing seed propagation is made up of root-growing agent, bactericide and ash, and each components based on weight percentage is: root-growing agent 1 ~ 15%, bactericide 30 ~ 44%, ash 55%.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described root-growing agent is mixed with by vermiculite power, 6-benzyl aminoadenine and methyl α-naphthyl acetate and forms, and the percentage by weight of each component is: vermiculite power 98%, 6-benzyl aminoadenine 1.5%, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.5%.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described root-growing agent is: get after 1.5 parts of 6-benzyl aminoadenines and 0.5 part of methyl α-naphthyl acetate dissolve with the alcohol that 1ml volume fraction is 95% respectively, add water and be settled to 100ml, fully mix thoroughly with 98 parts of dry vermiculite powers again, be placed in 80 DEG C and dry to constant weight.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described bactericide is tpn.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, each components based on weight percentage of the special seed dressing of described Chinese yam stripping and slicing seed propagation is: root-growing agent 1 ~ 4%, bactericide 41 ~ 44%, ash 55%.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, each components based on weight percentage of the special seed dressing of described Chinese yam stripping and slicing seed propagation is: root-growing agent 1.5%, bactericide 43.5%, ash 55%.
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| CN106489479A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-03-15 | 贵州盛禾特色农产品有限公司 | A kind of Rhizoma Dioscoreae method for culturing seedlings |
| CN107258297A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-20 | 合肥仙之峰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of yam planting method for improving yield |
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| JPS6258934A (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1987-03-14 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | Mass propagation of potato by tissue culture |
| CN102301887A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-01-04 | 屯留县民康中药材开发有限公司 | High-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam |
| CN102860212A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-01-09 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for centrally quickly expanding breeding of yam seeds on seedbed by means of miniature Chinese yam blocks |
| CN103210783A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-07-24 | 攀枝花愚公农业开发有限公司 | Dioscorea opposita planting method |
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| JPS6258934A (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1987-03-14 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | Mass propagation of potato by tissue culture |
| CN102301887A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-01-04 | 屯留县民康中药材开发有限公司 | High-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam |
| CN102860212A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-01-09 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for centrally quickly expanding breeding of yam seeds on seedbed by means of miniature Chinese yam blocks |
| CN103210783A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-07-24 | 攀枝花愚公农业开发有限公司 | Dioscorea opposita planting method |
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