CN107258297A - A kind of yam planting method for improving yield - Google Patents
A kind of yam planting method for improving yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN107258297A CN107258297A CN201710611497.4A CN201710611497A CN107258297A CN 107258297 A CN107258297 A CN 107258297A CN 201710611497 A CN201710611497 A CN 201710611497A CN 107258297 A CN107258297 A CN 107258297A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/18—Greenhouses for treating plants with carbon dioxide or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of yam planting method for improving yield, it is related to yam planting technical field, comprises the following steps：（1）, seed selection and pre-process；（2）, vernalization breeding；（3）, selection of land；（4）, site preparation；（5）, transplant planting；（6）, field management；（7）, harvesting.The present invention can promote the yield and quality of Chinese yam, and suit large area to popularize plantation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to yam planting technical field, and in particular to a kind of yam planting method of raising yield.
Background technology
Chinese yam has extensive effect to body, is both the dietotherapy delicacies of chronic as traditional traditional tonic medicine,
It is functional food suitable for people of all ages, its active component Chinese yam polysaccharide is the main component that it plays a role, Chinese yam polysaccharide is greenhouse
The main active of Chinese yam, is mainly made up of, it has also become in recent years mannose, xylose, arabinose, glucose and galactolipin
The focus of greenhouse Chinese yam research.Many researchs confirm that Chinese yam polysaccharide has immune enhancing, anti-aging, antitumor, reduction blood glucose
Etc. multiple pharmacological effect.Existing yam planting method yield is relatively low, poor quality, plants deficiency in economic performance, is unfavorable for large area
Cultivation and popularization.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of yam planting method for improving yield, the yield and product of Chinese yam can be promoted
Matter, suit large area to popularize plantation.
The invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of yam planting method for improving yield, comprises the following steps：
（1）, seed selection and pre-process
Selection is big, neck is short, body is strong, without breakage, free from insect pests, immaculate potato seed, and potato seed is put into root dipping in bactericidal liquid and sterilized；
（2）, vernalization breeding
Potato seed is cut into the potato wedge of several 60 ~ 70g weight, 2 ~ 3min of immersion in taking root liquid is then placed in, is taken out after immersion,
Dried under normal temperature；
Preparing nursery bed, the matrix that a layer thickness is 5 ~ 7cm is laid on seedbed, potato wedge is sowed in matrix, after planting covered
One layer of agricultural crop straw, and wetting agricultural crop straw of sprinkling water, after potato wedge grows eye, obtain seedling, prepare to transplant；
（3）, selection of land
The sandy loam that high-land, soil layer are thick, fertile loose and pH value range is 6.8 ~ 7.2 is selected as planting site, it is preceding as big
Beans or sesame；
（4）, site preparation
Harvest stalk remaining in soybean or sesame, burning planting site, the bottom that covering a layer thickness is 2 ~ 3cm after burning terminates
Fertilizer, then 2 ~ 3cm of earthing, ploughs deeply 25 ~ 35cm to plantation field after 6 ~ 8 days, rakes, planting greenhouse is set up on planting site, and
Ventilating system and temperature and humidity control device are installed；
（5）, transplant planting
In step（4）Width is opened up out in planting site after site preparation and encloses ditch for 35~40cm, the case that length is 24 ~ 26cm is opened up
Ditch, digs 39 ~ 41cm deep bottom ditch, by step（3）Seedling replanting into planting site, by 18~22cm of line-spacing, per 3 ~ 5 plants of case
Field planting, covers the case face soil that thickness is 35~40cm afterwards；
（6）, field management
Built：In 12 ~ 16cm of height of seedling, setting height(from bottom) makes vines wind growth upwards for 1.6 ~ 1.8m built, and one is stayed per young plant
The strong stem of bar, and pull out remaining primary shoot branch；
Topdress：Transplant planting topdresses once for 24 ~ 26 days, and every mu applies the 70 ~ 80kg of organic fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed, pours permeable after topdressing；
Water management：Water, in early growth period and mid-term, when soil moisture is less than 50%, planting greenhouse is mended in good time
Water, at later stages, it is 50~70% to control soil moisture content；
（7）, harvesting
When Chinese yam length to vines is withered completely, soil is excavated to 1.2~1.5m depth, Chinese yam is taken out.
Wherein, the step（1）Potato seed be Resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, yield is high, the kind of shelf-stable.
Wherein, the step（1）Bactericidal liquid include following part count raw material：8 ~ 11 parts of carbendazim, potassium permanganate 3 ~ 5
49 ~ 50 parts of part, 3 ~ 5 parts of peppermint extract solution and water.
Wherein, the step（2）Agricultural crop straw be maize straw or wheat stalk.
Wherein, the step（2）Taking root liquid include following part count raw material：24 ~ 26 parts of the fleece-flower root, Kelp Powder 24 ~ 26
99 ~ 101 parts of part, 19 ~ 21 parts of Fructus Aurantii, 19 ~ 21 parts of the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, 14 ~ 16 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 9 ~ 11 parts of Nafusaku and water, it is described
The preparation method of taking root liquid is：The fleece-flower root, Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii and the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine were ground into 130 ~ 150 mesh sieves, were put into water
Boil, filter to get filtrate, filtrate is dried in the air to normal temperature and adds ABT root-inducing powders and Nafusaku, the taking root liquid is made after mixing.
Wherein, the step（4）Base fertilizer include following part count raw material：55 ~ 58 parts of expanded vermiculite, 34 ~ 36 parts of bagasse,
29 ~ 31 parts of urea, 24 ~ 26 parts of humic acid, 19 ~ 21 parts of nanometer selenium pulvis, 14 ~ 16 parts of animal wastes, 8 ~ 11 parts of potassium sulfate and sulphur
It is sour ferrous 8 ~ 11 parts.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management is additionally included in Chinese yam length to 10cm so that before up to blooming, regulation plantation is big
Day and night temperature in canopy, control night temperatures are less than 10~20 DEG C of daytime；Bloomed in Chinese yam between Chinese yam result, using CO2
Stimulate, CO in regulation greenhouse2Concentration be 0.07 ~ 0.15%.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management also includes preventing and treating pest and disease damage：Growth medium is wettable with 50 ~ 80wt% carbendazim
0.7 ~ 0.8kg/hm of property pulvis2And 180kg/hm2Water is mixed, and using foliage-spray, is sprayed every 9 ~ 15 days 1 ~ 3 time；Full-bloom stage is used
0.7 ~ 0.8kg/hm of 20wt% mancozeb wettable powders2Plus 1.0 ~ the 1.5kg/hm of water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acid2, with 153.5kg/
hm2Water is mixed, and using foliage-spray, is sprayed every 9 ~ 15 days 1 ~ 2 time.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The yield and quality of Chinese yam can be promoted, suit large area to popularize plantation, specifically such as
Under：
（1）, the present invention pre-processed after seed selection, carried out disinfection using bactericidal liquid, prevent the generation of pest and disease damage；Vernalization breeding
Shi Xianyong taking root liquid hestening rootings, can accelerate root growth so that well developed root system is healthy and strong；
（2）, the present invention planting site well-formed, keeping fertility is strong, preceding to make plantation soybean or sesame, after harvesting, burning plantation
Remaining stalk in ground, carries out charing process so that the element such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium for containing in soybean or sesame stalk can dissipate
It is sent in soil, so as to the absorption of Chinese yam plant, improves the conversion ratio of nutrient, it is organic in plantation garden soil so as to improve
The content of matter, furthermore it is also possible to improve the effect of soil texture, prevents the hardened of soil；
（3）, the present invention in site preparation, burning soybean or sesame stalk after cover one layer of base fertilizer, wherein the ferrous sulfate added
Ammonium carbonate in stalk can be changed into the stable ammonium sulfate of property, reaching prevents the purpose of nitrogen loss；The humic of addition
Acid can reduce fixation of the soil to iron ion, it is fully absorbed by Chinese yam plant；
（4）, the present invention handle potato seed and combine the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control in later stage, significantly reduce the generation of Chinese yam insect pest, underground
Chinese yam stem tuber be not in the subterranean pest-insects such as grub, cutworm, and significantly reduce the disease incidence of disease of Chinese yam, reduce Chinese yam
In residues of pesticides, improve the yield and quality of Chinese yam；
（5）, applied fertilizer twice using base fertilizer and decomposed manure in the present invention, soil constituent can be improved there is provided sufficient nutrition,
The release of extension nutriment and time for utilizing, promote the respiration of root, in addition, in planting process consumption it is few, rationally and
Action effect is good；The nanometer selenium pulvis wherein added in base fertilizer, can improve the Se content of Chinese yam, add its nutrition and medicinal
Value；
（6）, the present invention by adjusting day and night temperature and CO in planting greenhouse2Stimulate, effectively increase the tired of polysaccharide in Chinese yam
Product, plants uniform full, the smooth, even thickness of obtained Chinese yam, and potato wedge machinery wound is few, and commodity rate is high, commodity value is high.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.These embodiments be merely to illustrate the present invention and without
In limitation the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of yam planting method for improving yield, comprises the following steps：
（1）, seed selection and pre-process
Selection is big, neck is short, body is strong, without breakage, free from insect pests, immaculate potato seed, and potato seed is put into root dipping in bactericidal liquid and sterilized；
（2）, vernalization breeding
Potato seed is cut into the potato wedge of several 60g weight, is then placed in taking root liquid and soaks 2min, is taken out after immersion, in normal temperature
Under dry；
Preparing nursery bed, the matrix that a layer thickness is 5cm is laid on seedbed, potato wedge is sowed in matrix, one is after planting covered
Layer agricultural crop straw, and wetting agricultural crop straw of sprinkling water, after potato wedge grows eye, obtain seedling, prepare to transplant；
（3）, selection of land
The sandy loam that high-land, soil layer are thick, fertile loose and pH value range is 6.8 is selected as planting site, it is preceding to be used as soybean；
（4）, site preparation
Stalk remaining in soybean, burning planting site is harvested, burning covers the base fertilizer that a layer thickness is 2 ~ 3cm after terminating, then
Earthing 2cm, ploughs deeply 25cm to plantation field after 6 days, rakes, set up planting greenhouse on planting site, and install ventilating system and
Temperature and humidity control device；
（5）, transplant planting
In step（4）Width is opened up out in planting site after site preparation and encloses ditch for 35cm, the case ditch that length is 24cm is opened up, digs
39cm deep bottom ditch, by step（3）Seedling replanting into planting site, the field planting by line-spacing 18cm, per 3 plants of case is covered afterwards
Thickness is native for 35cm case face；
（6）, field management
Built：In height of seedling 12cm, setting height(from bottom) makes vines wind growth upwards for 1.6m built, often young plant stay one it is strong
Stem, and pull out remaining primary shoot branch；
Topdress：Transplant planting topdresses once for 24 days, and every mu applies the organic fertilizer 70kg become thoroughly decomposed, pours permeable after topdressing；
Water management：Water, in early growth period and mid-term, when soil moisture is less than 50%, planting greenhouse is mended in good time
Water, at later stages, it is 50% to control soil moisture content；
（7）, harvesting
When Chinese yam length to vines is withered completely, soil is excavated to 1.2m depth, Chinese yam is taken out.
Wherein, the step（1）Potato seed be Resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, yield is high, the kind of shelf-stable.
Wherein, the step（1）Bactericidal liquid include following part count raw material：8 parts of carbendazim, 3 parts of potassium permanganate, peppermint
49 parts of 3 parts of extract solution and water.
Wherein, the step（2）Agricultural crop straw be maize straw.
Wherein, the step（2）Taking root liquid include following part count raw material：24 parts of the fleece-flower root, 24 parts of Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii
99 parts of 19 parts, 19 parts of the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, 14 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 9 parts of Nafusaku and water, the preparation method of the taking root liquid is：By what
The tuber of multiflower knotweed, Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii and the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine ground 130 mesh sieves, were put into water and boiled, and filtered to get filtrate, by filtrate dry in the air to
ABT root-inducing powders and Nafusaku are added after normal temperature, the taking root liquid is made after mixing.
Wherein, the step（4）Base fertilizer include following part count raw material：55 parts of expanded vermiculite, 34 parts of bagasse, urea 29
8 parts of part, 24 parts of humic acid, 19 parts of nanometer selenium pulvis, 14 parts of animal wastes, 8 parts of potassium sulfate and ferrous sulfate.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management is additionally included in Chinese yam length to 10cm so that before up to blooming, regulation plantation is big
Day and night temperature in canopy, control night temperatures are less than 10 DEG C of daytime；Bloomed in Chinese yam between Chinese yam result, using CO2Stimulate,
Adjust CO in greenhouse2Concentration be 0.07%.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management also includes preventing and treating pest and disease damage：Growth medium 50wt% carbendazim wettables
Pulvis 0.7kg/hm2And 180kg/hm2Water is mixed, and using foliage-spray, is sprayed every 9 days 1 time；Full-bloom stage 20wt% maneb
Zinc wettable powder 0.7kg/hm2Plus the 1.0kg/hm of water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acid2, with 153.5kg/hm2Water is mixed, using blade face
Spray, sprayed every 9 days 1 time.
Embodiment 2
A kind of yam planting method for improving yield, comprises the following steps：
（1）, seed selection and pre-process
Selection is big, neck is short, body is strong, without breakage, free from insect pests, immaculate potato seed, and potato seed is put into root dipping in bactericidal liquid and sterilized；
（2）, vernalization breeding
Potato seed is cut into the potato wedge of several 70g weight, is then placed in taking root liquid and soaks 3min, is taken out after immersion, in normal temperature
Under dry；
Preparing nursery bed, the matrix that a layer thickness is 7cm is laid on seedbed, potato wedge is sowed in matrix, one is after planting covered
Layer agricultural crop straw, and wetting agricultural crop straw of sprinkling water, after potato wedge grows eye, obtain seedling, prepare to transplant；
（3）, selection of land
The sandy loam that high-land, soil layer are thick, fertile loose and pH value range is 7.2 is selected as planting site, it is preceding to be used as sesame；
（4）, site preparation
Stalk remaining in sesame, burning planting site is harvested, then the base fertilizer that covering a layer thickness is 3cm after burning terminates cover
Native 3cm, ploughs deeply 35cm to plantation field after 8 days, rakes, planting greenhouse is set up on planting site, and install ventilating system and temperature
Humidity conditioner；
（5）, transplant planting
In step（4）Width is opened up out in planting site after site preparation and encloses ditch for 40cm, the case ditch that length is 26cm is opened up, digs
41cm deep bottom ditch, by step（3）Seedling replanting into planting site, the field planting by line-spacing 22cm, per 5 plants of case is covered afterwards
Thickness is native for 40cm case face；
（6）, field management
Built：In height of seedling 16cm, setting height(from bottom) makes vines wind growth upwards for 1.8m built, often young plant stay one it is strong
Stem, and pull out remaining primary shoot branch；
Topdress：Transplant planting topdresses once for 26 days, and every mu applies the organic fertilizer 80kg become thoroughly decomposed, pours permeable after topdressing；
Water management：Water, in early growth period and mid-term, when soil moisture is less than 50%, planting greenhouse is mended in good time
Water, at later stages, it is 70% to control soil moisture content；
（7）, harvesting
When Chinese yam length to vines is withered completely, soil is excavated to 1.5m depth, Chinese yam is taken out.
Wherein, the step（1）Potato seed be Resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, yield is high, the kind of shelf-stable.
Wherein, the step（1）Bactericidal liquid include following part count raw material：It is 11 parts of carbendazim, 5 parts of potassium permanganate, thin
50 parts of 5 parts of lotus extract solution and water.
Wherein, the step（2）Agricultural crop straw be wheat stalk.
Wherein, the step（2）Taking root liquid include following part count raw material：26 parts of the fleece-flower root, 26 parts of Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii
101 parts of 21 parts, 21 parts of the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, 16 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 11 parts of Nafusaku and water, the preparation method of the taking root liquid is：Will
The fleece-flower root, Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii and the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine ground 150 mesh sieves, were put into water and boiled, and filtered to get filtrate, and filtrate is dried in the air
ABT root-inducing powders and Nafusaku are added after to normal temperature, the taking root liquid is made after mixing.
Wherein, the step（4）Base fertilizer include following part count raw material：58 parts of expanded vermiculite, 36 parts of bagasse, urea 31
11 parts of part, 26 parts of humic acid, 21 parts of nanometer selenium pulvis, 16 parts of animal wastes, 11 parts of potassium sulfate and ferrous sulfate.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management is additionally included in Chinese yam length to 10cm so that before up to blooming, regulation plantation is big
Day and night temperature in canopy, control night temperatures are less than 20 DEG C of daytime；Bloomed in Chinese yam between Chinese yam result, using CO2Stimulate,
Adjust CO in greenhouse2Concentration be 0.15%.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management also includes preventing and treating pest and disease damage：Growth medium 80wt% carbendazim wettables
Pulvis 0.8kg/hm2And 180kg/hm2Water is mixed, and using foliage-spray, is sprayed every 15 days 3 times；Full-bloom stage is with 20wt% for gloomy
Mancozeb wettable powder 0.8kg/hm2Plus the 1.5kg/hm of water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acid2, with 153.5kg/hm2Water is mixed, using leaf
Face is sprayed, and is sprayed every 15 days 2 times.
Embodiment 3
A kind of yam planting method for improving yield, comprises the following steps：
（1）, seed selection and pre-process
Selection is big, neck is short, body is strong, without breakage, free from insect pests, immaculate potato seed, and potato seed is put into root dipping in bactericidal liquid and sterilized；
（2）, vernalization breeding
Potato seed is cut into the potato wedge of several 65g weight, is then placed in taking root liquid and soaks 2min, is taken out after immersion, in normal temperature
Under dry；
Preparing nursery bed, the matrix that a layer thickness is 6cm is laid on seedbed, potato wedge is sowed in matrix, one is after planting covered
Layer agricultural crop straw, and wetting agricultural crop straw of sprinkling water, after potato wedge grows eye, obtain seedling, prepare to transplant；
（3）, selection of land
The sandy loam that high-land, soil layer are thick, fertile loose and pH value range is 7 is selected as planting site, it is preceding to be used as soybean；
（4）, site preparation
Stalk remaining in soybean, burning planting site is harvested, burning covers the base fertilizer that a layer thickness is 2.5cm after terminating, then
Earthing 3cm, ploughs deeply 30cm to plantation field after 7 days, rakes, set up planting greenhouse on planting site, and install ventilating system and
Temperature and humidity control device；
（5）, transplant planting
In step（4）Width is opened up out in planting site after site preparation and encloses ditch for 37cm, the case ditch that length is 25cm is opened up, digs
40cm deep bottom ditch, by step（3）Seedling replanting into planting site, the field planting by line-spacing 20cm, per 4 plants of case is covered afterwards
Thickness is native for 37cm case face；
（6）, field management
Built：In height of seedling 14cm, setting height(from bottom) makes vines wind growth upwards for 1.7m built, often young plant stay one it is strong
Stem, and pull out remaining primary shoot branch；
Topdress：Transplant planting topdresses once for 25 days, and every mu applies the organic fertilizer 75kg become thoroughly decomposed, pours permeable after topdressing；
Water management：Water, in early growth period and mid-term, when soil moisture is less than 50%, planting greenhouse is mended in good time
Water, at later stages, it is 60% to control soil moisture content；
（7）, harvesting
When Chinese yam length to vines is withered completely, soil is excavated to 1.3m depth, Chinese yam is taken out.
Wherein, the step（1）Potato seed be Resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, yield is high, the kind of shelf-stable.
Wherein, the step（1）Bactericidal liquid include following part count raw material：It is 10 parts of carbendazim, 4 parts of potassium permanganate, thin
49.5 parts of 4 parts of lotus extract solution and water.
Wherein, the step（2）Agricultural crop straw be wheat stalk.
Wherein, the step（2）Taking root liquid include following part count raw material：25 parts of the fleece-flower root, 25 parts of Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii
100 parts of 20 parts, 20 parts of the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, 15 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 10 parts of Nafusaku and water, the preparation method of the taking root liquid is：Will
The fleece-flower root, Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii and the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine ground 140 mesh sieves, were put into water and boiled, and filtered to get filtrate, and filtrate is dried in the air
ABT root-inducing powders and Nafusaku are added after to normal temperature, the taking root liquid is made after mixing.
Wherein, the step（4）Base fertilizer include following part count raw material：57 parts of expanded vermiculite, 35 parts of bagasse, urea
10 parts of 29.5 parts, 25 parts of humic acid, 20 parts of nanometer selenium pulvis, 15 parts of animal wastes, 10 parts of potassium sulfate and ferrous sulfate.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management is additionally included in Chinese yam length to 10cm so that before up to blooming, regulation plantation is big
Day and night temperature in canopy, control night temperatures are less than 15 DEG C of daytime；Bloomed in Chinese yam between Chinese yam result, using CO2Stimulate,
Adjust CO in greenhouse2Concentration be 0.09%.
Wherein, the step（6）Field management also includes preventing and treating pest and disease damage：Growth medium 70wt% carbendazim wettables
Pulvis 0.7kg/hm2And 180kg/hm2Water is mixed, and using foliage-spray, is sprayed every 10 days 2 times；Full-bloom stage is with 20wt% for gloomy
Mancozeb wettable powder 0.8kg/hm2Plus the 1.3kg/hm of water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acid2, with 153.5kg/hm2Water is mixed, using leaf
Face is sprayed, and is sprayed every 12 days 1 time.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part technical characteristic is equally replaced
Change.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of yam planting method for improving yield, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）, seed selection and pre-process
Selection is big, neck is short, body is strong, without breakage, free from insect pests, immaculate potato seed, and potato seed is put into root dipping in bactericidal liquid and sterilized；
（2）, vernalization breeding
Potato seed is cut into the potato wedge of several 60 ~ 70g weight, 2 ~ 3min of immersion in taking root liquid is then placed in, is taken out after immersion,
Dried under normal temperature；
Preparing nursery bed, the matrix that a layer thickness is 5 ~ 7cm is laid on seedbed, potato wedge is sowed in matrix, after planting covered
One layer of agricultural crop straw, and wetting agricultural crop straw of sprinkling water, after potato wedge grows eye, obtain seedling, prepare to transplant；
（3）, selection of land
The sandy loam that high-land, soil layer are thick, fertile loose and pH value range is 6.8 ~ 7.2 is selected as planting site, it is preceding as big
Beans or sesame；
（4）, site preparation
Harvest stalk remaining in soybean or sesame, burning planting site, the bottom that covering a layer thickness is 2 ~ 3cm after burning terminates
Fertilizer, then 2 ~ 3cm of earthing, ploughs deeply 25 ~ 35cm to plantation field after 6 ~ 8 days, rakes, planting greenhouse is set up on planting site, and
Ventilating system and temperature and humidity control device are installed；
（5）, transplant planting
In step（4）Width is opened up out in planting site after site preparation and encloses ditch for 35~40cm, the case that length is 24 ~ 26cm is opened up
Ditch, digs 39 ~ 41cm deep bottom ditch, by step（3）Seedling replanting into planting site, by 18~22cm of line-spacing, per 3 ~ 5 plants of case
Field planting, covers the case face soil that thickness is 35~40cm afterwards；
（6）, field management
Built：In 12 ~ 16cm of height of seedling, setting height(from bottom) makes vines wind growth upwards for 1.6 ~ 1.8m built, and one is stayed per young plant
The strong stem of bar, and pull out remaining primary shoot branch；
Topdress：Transplant planting topdresses once for 24 ~ 26 days, and every mu applies the 70 ~ 80kg of organic fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed, pours permeable after topdressing；
Water management：Water, in early growth period and mid-term, when soil moisture is less than 50%, planting greenhouse is mended in good time
Water, at later stages, it is 50~70% to control soil moisture content；
（7）, harvesting
When Chinese yam length to vines is withered completely, soil is excavated to 1.2~1.5m depth, Chinese yam is taken out.
2. the yam planting method according to claim 1 for improving yield, it is characterised in that the step（1）Potato seed
For Resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, yield is high, shelf-stable kind.
3. the yam planting method according to claim 1 for improving yield, it is characterised in that the step（1）Sterilization
Liquid includes the raw material that following part is counted：49 ~ 50 parts of 8 ~ 11 parts of carbendazim, 3 ~ 5 parts of potassium permanganate, 3 ~ 5 parts of peppermint extract solution and water.
4. the yam planting method according to claim 1 for improving yield, it is characterised in that the step（2）Farming
Thing stalk is maize straw or wheat stalk.
5. the yam planting method according to claim 1 for improving yield, it is characterised in that the step（2）Take root
Liquid includes the raw material that following part is counted：24 ~ 26 parts of the fleece-flower root, 24 ~ 26 parts of Kelp Powder, 19 ~ 21 parts of Fructus Aurantii, 19 ~ 21 parts of the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine,
99 ~ 101 parts of 14 ~ 16 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 9 ~ 11 parts of Nafusaku and water, the preparation method of the taking root liquid is：By the fleece-flower root,
Kelp Powder, Fructus Aurantii and the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine ground 130 ~ 150 mesh sieves, were put into water and boiled, and filtered to get filtrate, and filtrate is dried in the air to normal
ABT root-inducing powders and Nafusaku are added after temperature, the taking root liquid is made after mixing.
6. the yam planting method according to claim 1 for improving yield, it is characterised in that the step（4）Base fertilizer
The raw material counted including following part：55 ~ 58 parts of expanded vermiculite, 34 ~ 36 parts of bagasse, 29 ~ 31 parts of urea, humic acid 24 ~ 26 part, nanometer
8 ~ 11 parts of 19 ~ 21 parts of selenium powder agent, 14 ~ 16 parts of animal wastes, 8 ~ 11 parts of potassium sulfate and ferrous sulfate.
7. the yam planting method according to claim 1 for improving yield, it is characterised in that the step（6）Manage in field
Reason is additionally included in Chinese yam length to 10cm so that before up to blooming, the day and night temperature in regulation planting greenhouse, control night temperatures are low
10~20 DEG C of daytime；Bloomed in Chinese yam between Chinese yam result, using CO2Stimulate, CO in regulation greenhouse2Concentration for 0.07 ~
0.15%.
8. the yam planting method according to claim 1 for improving yield, it is characterised in that the step（6）Manage in field
Reason also includes preventing and treating pest and disease damage：Growth medium 50 ~ 80wt% carbendazol wettable powders, 0.7 ~ 0.8kg/hm2And 180kg/hm2
Water is mixed, and using foliage-spray, is sprayed every 9 ~ 15 days 1 ~ 3 time；Full-bloom stage with 20wt% mancozeb wettable powders 0.7 ~
0.8kg/hm2Plus 1.0 ~ the 1.5kg/hm of water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acid2, with 153.5kg/hm2Water is mixed, using foliage-spray, every
Spray within 9 ~ 15 days 1 ~ 2 time.
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